JPH10309709A - Manufacture of concrete product and form driving device to be used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a concrete product that does not produce loud noise that would be produced when vibrations are imparted by a table vibrator and which makes the surface of a concrete product smooth without reducing much the volume of air captured in the concrete product. SOLUTION: While placing ready-mixed concrete in a form 1, the form 1 is reciprocated by a driving device 13 in such a manner that the ready-mixed concrete 10 placed therein is shaked to wave, whereby a mortar layer is formed in such a manner as to adhere to inner wall surfaces 1c, 1d of the form 1 which become visible and invisible when the ready-mixed concrete 10 placed therein waves. A concrete product covered with the motar layer so formed is free from bubbles appearing in the surface thereof and therefore can have a smooth surface.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a concrete product and a device for driving a formwork used in the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the production of a concrete product in which ready-mixed concrete is poured into a formwork and then cured and demolded to obtain a concrete product, in the ready-mixed concrete charging process, from the initial stage of charging of ready-mixed concrete, immediately after the completion of charging. For example, an operation of vibrating the mold up and down by a vibrator such as a table vibrator is performed. This work is carried out for compacting the ready-mixed concrete by spreading the ready-mixed concrete to all corners of the formwork and eliminating the large voids in the ready-mixed concrete that can be created by entraining air when the ready-mixed concrete is charged. .

[0003]

In the operation of vibrating the form by a conventional vibrator such as a table vibrator, the ready-mixed concrete can be compacted, but the surface of the concrete product obtained after demolding can be compacted. Had many large and small depressions. This is because a large number of large and small air bubbles that have existed before being put into the ready-mixed concrete also appeared on the surface of the ready-mixed concrete in contact with the inner wall surface of the formwork and solidified as they were, and the air bubbles became dents on the surface of the concrete product. It is what remained. Many large and small pits on this surface impair the appearance of concrete products,
Not preferred.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the depression on the surface of the concrete product, it has been practiced to continuously apply an excessive amount of vibration to the formwork more than the vibration required for compacting the fresh concrete. However, according to this method, at the same time as the large and small bubbles on the surface of the ready-mixed concrete in contact with the inner wall surface of the formwork, even the required very small independent bubbles before being charged into the ready-mixed concrete, are also in the upper air. The result is that it dissipates. This undesirably results in lowering the amount of air inside the concrete, which is required for preventing the frost damage of the concrete product. Excessive vibration caused by a table vibrator or the like generates a loud noise, which is a serious problem in terms of occupational safety measures or noise environment with nearby residents.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibrating device using a table vibrator or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a concrete product having a smooth product surface without generating a loud noise as described above and without significantly reducing the amount of air inside the concrete product.
Further, the invention according to claims 4 to 11 is to provide a driving device for a formwork used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product.

[0006]

A method of manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a device for driving a formwork used in the method of manufacturing the concrete product have the following constitutions in order to achieve the above object. That is, the method for producing a concrete product according to the invention according to claim 1 is a method for producing a concrete product, in which ready-mixed concrete is put into a formwork, and then cured and demolded to obtain a concrete product. In the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, the ready-mixed concrete is poured into the formwork, and the formwork is reciprocated so that the charged ready-mixed concrete is shaken and wavy.

[0007] As a result, the charged ready-mixed concrete moves relative to the formwork by being shaken in the formwork that reciprocates. As a result, the ready-mixed concrete in the formwork is compacted. Furthermore, when the poured ready-mixed concrete is wavy, a mortar layer is formed on the inner wall surface of the formwork that is visible and hidden. That is, only the mortar other than the coarse aggregate in the ready-mixed concrete adheres to the inner wall surface of the form that appears when the upper surface of the ready-mixed concrete descends. As a result, a mortar layer is formed so as to adhere to the inner wall surface of the formwork that is visible and hidden by the waving of the ready-mixed concrete, and the mortar layer is sequentially upwardly from below the inner wall surface of the formwork as the ready-mixed concrete is charged. And, it covers the entire surface of the ready-mixed concrete in contact with the inner wall surface of the formwork. The concrete product covered with the mortar layer thus formed has a smooth surface with few air bubbles appearing on the surface. Furthermore, it does not generate a loud noise as would occur when an excessive amount of vibration is applied to the formwork by a table vibrator or the like, and furthermore, a very small and independent required before being put into ready-mixed concrete. Bubbles do not disappear very much.

Further, as in the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the manufacturing method according to the first aspect, the reciprocating motion of the mold may be performed in a substantially horizontal direction. .

Thus, the direction of the inertial force acting on the ready-mixed concrete due to the reciprocating motion does not have a component in the direction in which gravity acts. Therefore, the coarse aggregate sinks or floats in the ready-mixed concrete to cause separation. The separation of the coarse aggregate hardly occurs.

Further, as in the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the invention according to the third aspect, in the manufacturing method according to the first or second aspect, prior to or simultaneously with the input of the ready-mixed concrete. do it,
It is desirable to put mortar into the mold.

As a result, the mortar that has been charged adheres to the inner wall surface of the mold so as to be replenished, and a mortar layer is reliably formed on the inner wall surface of the mold from the initial stage of charging the ready-mixed concrete.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mold driving apparatus for use in the manufacturing method according to any one of the first to third aspects. Guide support means for guiding and supporting the formwork conveyed in the concrete charging step so as to be movable in the direction of the reciprocating motion, drive means including a drive member, and the drive member is directly or indirectly attached to the formwork. The drive member is connected to the formwork that is conveyed to the ready-mixed concrete loading step and is movable by the guide support means, and the drive member is driven, and The reciprocating motion is given to the formwork.

[0013] Thus, the mold conveyed to the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete is connected to the driving member by the connecting means, and is movable in the reciprocating direction by the guide supporting means. And the formwork reciprocates in conjunction with the driving member. Thus, the ready-mixed concrete in the form is compacted and the mortar layer is formed. Here, the connection of the drive member to the form in the connecting means includes not only the case of directly connecting to the form, but also the case of indirect connection via a pallet on which the form is carried. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the driving device of the fourth aspect, the guide supporting means includes a conveyor or the like in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete. A guide support member disposed below the form to be conveyed by the conveying means, for guiding and supporting the form, and elevating and lowering the guide support to move the form to the transfer means and the guide support member; And an elevating means for transferring between the two.

In this way, the guide supporting member for guiding and supporting the formwork is disposed below the formwork conveyed by the conveying means such as a conveyor in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete. The form moves from the transport means to the guide support member when raised, and the form moves from the guide support member to the transport means when the guide support member is lowered by the elevating means. Therefore, when transporting the form to the ready-mixed concrete input step, the guide support member is lowered, and after the form is moved to the ready-mixed concrete input step, the guide support member is raised, so that the form is removed. The form can be moved back and forth from the conveying means to the guide support member. Further, after the ready-mixed concrete has been charged, the guide frame is moved down from the guide support member to the transporting means by lowering the guide support member, and the frame can be transported to the next step.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the driving apparatus of the fifth aspect, the connecting means includes an engaged portion provided on the side of the mold. , Comprising an engaging portion provided on the driving member side, the mold is raised together with the guide support member by the elevating means, the engaged portion is engaged with the engaging portion, and It is desirable that the engaged portion is separated from the engaging portion when the mold is lowered together with the guide support member by the elevating means.

[0017] In this manner, the engaged portion on the mold side is engaged with the engaging portion on the drive member side only by raising the mold by the elevating means, and the drive member is connected to the mold. And
Only by lowering the mold by the elevating means, the engaged portion on the mold side is separated from the engaging portion on the drive member side, and the connection between the mold and the drive member is released.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the driving device according to the fourth aspect, the guide support means includes a step of placing the form in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete. It may consist of a transport lane for transport.

Thus, the transport lane acts as a guide and support means for guiding and supporting the form so as to be movable in the direction of the reciprocating motion.

[0020] In the driving device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, as in the driving device for a mold according to the invention of the eighth aspect, the connecting means protrudes forward and backward in the conveying direction of the mold. A holding member for directly or indirectly holding the formwork from both sides and holding the formwork, and via the holding member, directly or indirectly connecting the drive member to the formwork on the transport lane. Is also good.

In this way, the holding member protruding forward and backward in the transport direction of the form directly or indirectly sandwiches and holds the form, whereby the driving member is connected to the form.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mold driving apparatus used in the manufacturing method according to any one of the first to third aspects. A cradle on which the formwork conveyed in the ready-mixed concrete loading step is mounted and movable in the direction of the reciprocating motion,
The reciprocating motion may be provided to the form via the support by fixing means for fixing the form to the support and driving means for driving the support.

Thus, when the form is transported to the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, the form is placed on the receiving stand and is fixed to the receiving stand by the fixing means. Thus, the mold is integrated with the cradle, and the cradle is driven by the driving means, so that the mold reciprocates.

[0024] In the driving apparatus according to the ninth aspect, the cradle may transfer the form to the ready-mixed concrete charging step, as in the mold driving apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the present invention. May be provided with a part of the transfer lane.

In this way, a part of the transfer lane for transferring the form to the ready-mixed concrete loading step is provided in the receiving stand, and the form can be placed on the receiving stand as it is.

[0026] Further, like the apparatus for driving a mold according to the invention described in claim 11, any one of claims 4 to 10 can be used.
In the driving device described in the paragraph, the driving means may include a positive cam mechanism, and give the reciprocating motion to the mold by the positive cam mechanism.

Thus, the form can be reliably reciprocated by the positive cam mechanism. Furthermore, if the cam shape of the positive cam mechanism is appropriately determined, the required reciprocating motion can be easily applied to the mold.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing concrete products, for example, concrete products such as pedestrian roadway boundary blocks, U-shaped groove blocks, L-shaped retaining walls, box culverts, and a formwork used in the method. The present invention relates to a driving device.

FIGS. 1 to 7 show a first embodiment of a method of manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a form driving apparatus used in the method. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a production line for this concrete product. As shown in this figure, the production of a concrete product is performed in the following order: formwork cleaning, oiling, reinforcing bar insertion, formwork assembly, charging of ready-mixed concrete (mixed concrete), ironing, steam curing, and demolding.
Here, the rectangular frame connected by the arrow is
1 schematically shows a pallet 2 on which a formwork 1 is mounted and fixed, and the pallet 2 is conveyed by conveying means such as a conveyor 3 according to an arrow, and the work of each process is performed at each conveying position. Is performed. In this embodiment, after the ironing step, for example,
It moves in units of three pallets, is carried into a curing room, and is steam-cured. After being unloaded from the curing room, the process proceeds again to the demolding process and subsequent processes in units of one pallet.

Next, the step of putting ready-mixed concrete will be described in detail. FIG. 2 is a view of the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete as viewed from the conveying direction of the mold 1. In this step, a position below the transported pallet 2
A guide support member X including a table 4 and a plurality of rollers 6, 6 is provided. The table 4 is supported so as to be able to ascend and descend by hydraulic cylinders 5 and 5 as elevating means below it. The plurality of rollers 6, 6 are rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the table 4, and are fixed by the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 so as not to abut on the lower surface of the pallet 2 conveyed by the conveyor 3.
Height position is controlled. Also, on one side of the pallet 2, the formwork 1 is reciprocated through the pallet 2 in a substantially horizontal direction, for example, in the left and right directions, that is, in the direction substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the ready-mixed concrete is fed. A driving means 7 for exercise is provided. The driving means 7 converts the rotational motion of a motor or the like into a reciprocating motion by a positive cam, a piston crank mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, or other appropriate means, for example. A drive member 8 that reciprocates in the left-right direction in FIG. 2) is provided. The driving member 8 has a downwardly engaging portion 8 at its distal end.
a is formed. 2, the engaging portion 8a of the driving member 8 is provided at the right end of the pallet 2 and is located directly above the engaged portion 2a that projects forward.

When the form 1 is conveyed in the ready-mixed concrete charging step, as shown in FIG.
The hydraulic cylinders 5 and 5 below the table 4
Rises. Then, the rollers 6, 6 on the table 4
Lifts the pallet 2 on which the form 1 is placed. As a result, the pallet 2 moves away from the conveyor 3 and
The engaged portion 2a at the right end of the pallet 2 engages with the engaging portion 8a of the driving member 8, and the driving member 8 is indirectly connected to the mold 1 via the pallet 2. Thus, the driving member 8
And the engaged portion 8 provided on the pallet 2
a functions as connecting means 11 for connecting the driving member 8 to the mold 1 via the pallet 2, and further, the guide support member X including the table 4 and the rollers 6, 6 and the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 It functions as guide support means 12 for guiding and supporting the form 1 conveyed in the concrete charging step so as to be movable left and right.

After that, when the driving means 7 is operated and the driving member 8 reciprocates right and left, the pallet 2 also reciprocates on the rollers 6 and 6 substantially horizontally in the left and right directions in conjunction with the driving member 8. Exercise. Therefore, the formwork 1 fixed to the pallet 2 also reciprocates substantially horizontally. Then, at the same time as the start of this reciprocating motion of the mold 1,
The input of the ready-mixed concrete into the formwork 1 opening upward is started from the charging machine 9 located above the formwork 1. In this way, while the ready-mixed concrete 10 is poured into the form 1, the loaded ready-mixed concrete 10 is shaken and waved by the driving device 13 including the guide support means 12, the driving means 7 and the connecting means 11. Is reciprocated.

FIG. 4 shows the reciprocating state of the mold 1 when the ready-mixed concrete is put in about half of the predetermined amount. The mold 1 moves from right to left, and Shows the moment when the end is reached. However, in FIG. 4, the reinforcing bars arranged in the mold 1 are omitted. Here, the ready-mixed concrete 10 put into the form 1 is moved to the left relative to the form 1 by the inertia force generated in the ready-mixed concrete 10, and the vicinity of the left end of the ready-mixed concrete 10 rises upward. (See FIG. 4). Similarly, at the moment when the mold 1 moves from the left to the right and reaches the right end of the reciprocating motion, the ready-mixed concrete 10 put into the mold 1 To the concrete
Near the right end of, it rises upward. Thus, the form 1
Is performed such that the ready-mixed concrete 10 is shaken and waved.

Here, FIG. 5 to FIG.
5 is an example showing one cycle of a pattern of a reciprocating motion of the mold 1 according to FIG. 5 to 7 show the relationship between the acceleration, speed, and distance of the form 1 when the right direction is positive, and time. In this reciprocating motion pattern, the cycle of the reciprocating motion is 1 second / reciprocation, and the stroke of the reciprocating motion is 0.3 m. Then, the peak value of the acceleration is 10 m / s ² , and when the mold 1 starts moving rightward from the left end of the reciprocating motion (between 0 and 0.1 seconds), the mold 1 moves in the reciprocating motion. Just before reaching the right end (0.3
When the mold 1 starts moving from the right end to the left end of the reciprocating motion (during 0.5 to 0.6 seconds), the mold 1
Occurs just before reaching the left end of the reciprocation (between 0.8 and 0.9 seconds). Then, when the mold 1 is located at the left end of the reciprocating motion (between 0.9 and 1.0 seconds) and when the mold 1 is located at the right end of the reciprocating motion (0.4-0. During 5 seconds), the mold 1 stops for 0.1 second. Therefore,
In this reciprocating motion pattern, when the mold 1 starts moving rightward from the left end of the reciprocating motion (between 0 and 0.1 seconds), since the acceleration works, it is inserted according to the law of inertia. The ready-mixed concrete 10 relatively moves to the left with respect to the formwork 1 and the vicinity of the left end of the ready-mixed concrete 10 rises upward. Then, the bulge reaches a peak at around 0.1 second, and thereafter (between 0.1 and 0.3 seconds), since the acceleration does not work, the ready-mixed concrete 10 tries to become horizontal by gravity, Move relative to Then, just before the mold 1 reaches the right end of the reciprocating motion (0.3 to 0. 1).
During 4 seconds), the same acceleration is applied, so that the ready-mixed concrete 10 further moves relative to the right, and the ready-mixed concrete 1
The area near the right end of 0 rises upward. Then, at around 0.4 seconds, the climax reaches a peak, and thereafter (0.
During the period of 4 to 0.5 seconds), the acceleration does not work, so that the ready-mixed concrete 10 relatively moves to the left in an attempt to level by gravity. Then, when the mold 1 starts moving leftward from the right end of the reciprocating motion (for 0.5 to 0.6 seconds),
Since the acceleration also works, the fresh concrete 1
0 moves relative to the form 1 to the right, and the vicinity of the right end of the ready-mixed concrete 10 rises again. Then, the swell reaches a peak around 0.6 seconds, and thereafter (between 0.6 and 0.8 seconds), the acceleration does not work, so that the ready-mixed concrete 10 tries to level by gravity and Move relative to Immediately before the form 1 reaches the left end of the reciprocating motion (between 0.8 and 0.9 seconds), the same acceleration is applied. The vicinity of the left end of the concrete 10 rises upward. Then, the swell reaches a peak at around 0.9 seconds, and thereafter (between 0.9 and 1.0 seconds), the acceleration does not work.
Moves relative to the right, trying to level by gravity.

Then, the ready-mixed concrete is further charged, and the reciprocating motion of the formwork 1 is continued for a while after the completion of the charging. In this way, the reciprocating motion of the mold 1 is performed from the initial stage of the input of the ready-mixed concrete to after the completion of the input, but a little before the completion of the input of the ready-mixed concrete, the reciprocating motion makes the shaking of the mold 1 gradually decrease. Thus, it is desirable to set the period so as to gradually increase. Further, the formwork 1 has a stepped portion 1a formed on the entire periphery of the upper end portion so as to be flush with the upper surface when the ready-mixed concrete 10 is completely charged, and further, stands up so as to surround the stepped portion 1a. A wall 1b is formed. Then, the reciprocating motion is stopped when the mold 1 comes to the position of the mold 1 shown in FIG. Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 are operated, and the table 4 is lowered. Then, the pallet 2 on which the form 1 is placed also descends and is lowered onto the conveyor 3. At the same time, the engaged portion 2a is separated from the engaging portion 8a, and is in the same state as in FIG. Then, the form 1 is placed on the pallet 2 and is carried to the next step by the conveyor 3. As described above, the hydraulic cylinders 5, 5 raise and lower the table 4 to transfer the form 1 between the conveyor 3, which is a conveying means, and the guide support member X including the table 4 and the rollers 6, 6. It functions as an elevating means.

Next, the operation and effect of the method for manufacturing a concrete product shown in the first embodiment and the driving device for the formwork used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product will be described. In the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, the charged ready-mixed concrete 10 is moved relative to the form 1 by being shaken in the form 1 reciprocating in the left and right substantially horizontal directions as described above. The relative movement is mainly up and down near the left and right ends of the ready-mixed concrete 10, and is mainly left and right in the middle part. As a result, the ready-mixed concrete 10 in the form 1 is compacted. Furthermore, when the poured ready-mixed concrete 10 is wavy, a mortar layer is formed on the inner wall surfaces 1c and 1d of the formwork 1 that can be seen and hidden. In other words, the upper surface of the ready-mixed concrete 10
On the inner wall surfaces 1c and 1d of the formwork 1, which appear when descending due to the waving of the ready-mixed concrete,
Only the mortar content excluding the coarse aggregate in 0 is, for example, 2-3.
The thickness is about mm. As a result, the inner wall surface 1
c, 1d, a mortar layer is formed, and the mortar layer extends sequentially from below the inner wall surfaces 1c, 1d of the form 1 with the addition of the ready-mixed concrete, and the inner wall surface 1c of the form 1 , 1d covering the entire surface of the ready-mixed concrete 10. The concrete product covered with the mortar layer thus formed has a smooth surface with few air bubbles. Further, unlike the case where excessive vibration is applied to the form 1 by a table vibrator or the like, the compacting is performed without giving an impact to the form 1, so that the necessary emergency existing before being put into the ready-mixed concrete 10 is required. Small bubbles do not disappear much. Therefore, the surface of the concrete product can be smoothed without lowering the amount of air inside the concrete for preventing frost damage of the product.

The direction of the reciprocating motion of the mold 1 is substantially horizontal and has no component in the direction in which gravity acts, so that coarse aggregates settle or float in the ready-mixed concrete 10 to cause separation. The separation of the coarse aggregate hardly occurs.
Thus, the ready-mixed concrete 10 is in a substantially uniformly dispersed state (completed by the ready-mixed mixer) in the formwork, the quality of the ready-mixed concrete 10 is maintained, and the expected concrete compressive strength is easily increased. Obtainable.

Since the reciprocating movement of the mold 1 is performed by connecting the reciprocating drive member 8 to the mold 1 via the pallet 2, for example, vibration is applied by a table vibrator or the like. Alternatively, as compared with a case where the moving direction of the formwork 1 is changed by colliding the formwork 1 with a wall, noise generated when compacting the ready-mixed concrete can be significantly reduced, and the formwork can be further reduced. No damage to 1

When the reciprocating motion of the form 1 is set so that the cycle of the reciprocating motion is set to be gradually longer immediately before the completion of the input of the ready-mixed concrete, the vicinity of the completion of the input of the ready-mixed concrete and after the completion of the input of the ready-mixed concrete. The movement of the ready-mixed concrete 10 is reduced, and the ready-mixed concrete 10 can be prevented from spilling out of the formwork 1. And the upright wall 1b at the upper end of the formwork 1 can also prevent the ready-mixed concrete 10 from spilling out. Also, form 1
The step portion 1a at the upper end portion can be used as a reference for the input amount of ready-mixed concrete.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a device for driving a formwork used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product. This second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, in the order of the steps of mold cleaning, oiling, rebar insertion, mold assembly, charging of ready-mixed concrete, leveling iron, steam curing, and demolding. The production of a concrete product is carried out, and FIG. 8 shows only the steps of rebar insertion, formwork assembly, input of ready-mixed concrete and iron leveling. The mold 1 on which the oiling has been completed is conveyed in the direction of arrow P from the upper left in FIG. 8 and placed on the drive rollers 21a, 21a on the left end side of the conveyor 21 which is a conveying means. Here, the mold 1 and the pallet 2 on which the mold 1 is mounted and fixed are indicated by two-dot chain lines. On the left end side of the conveyor 21, processes such as formwork assembly are performed. Then, the assembled form 1 is transferred to the conveyor 21 by the rotation of the drive roller 21a of the conveyor 21.
Transported to the right end of the Then, the form 1 is moved to the rack feeder 22
Transported by In the rack feeder 22, a feed bar 22a reciprocating by a predetermined pitch is provided with engaging claws 22b, 22b protruding from the side surface thereof. And
When the feed bar 22a moves forward, the engagement claw 22
As the b and 22b rotate, the engagement claws 22b and 22
The leading end of b rises, and the engaging claws 22b, 22b engage with the pallet 2 to which the mold 1 is fixed, and feed the mold 1 by one pitch. Then, when the feed bar 22a moves backward, the engaging claws 22b, 22b rotate in the reverse direction, and the tips of the engaging claws 22b, 22b are lowered.
When 2b comes off the pallet 2, only the feed bar 22a moves backward while the form 1 is left at the fed position.

Next, regarding the step of putting ready-mixed concrete,
This will be described in detail. In the process of putting fresh concrete,
A driving device for the mold 1 is provided. The driving device for the mold 1 includes first and second driving devices 23a and 23b, and the driving devices 23a and 23b Are arranged in a row. FIG. 9 is a view of the first driving device 23a as viewed from a direction in which the mold 1 is conveyed. The first driving device 23a includes a receiving table 24 on which the mold 1 conveyed by the rack feeding device 22 is mounted together with the pallet 2, a cylinder device 25 as a fixing means for fixing the form 1 to the receiving table 24. And driving means 26 for driving the cradle 24.

The cradle 24 has a cart 24b on which wheels 24a, 24a are rotatably mounted so as to be able to reciprocate on the base 27 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of conveyance of the formwork 1. The above-mentioned conveyor 2 is placed on the cart 24b.
Rollers 24c, 24 which are arranged on the extension of the driving rollers 21a, 21a
c. Thus, the drive roller 21a,
21a and the rollers 24c, 24c constitute a transport lane Y for transporting the formwork to the ready-concrete charging step as a whole. Therefore, the rollers 24c, 24c are a part of the transport lane Y. Furthermore, this cradle 24
The carts 24b have rollers 27a, 27 rotatably mounted on the base 27 on both sides of the carts 24b.
a, and is reliably guided in a direction substantially perpendicular to the transport direction of the mold 1.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cradle 24 is a trolley 24 to which wheels 24a, 24a are attached.
b and the roller 24 mounted on the carriage 24b
c, 24c, the cart 24b is
It may be replaced with a mere table or the like that does not have the wheels 24a, 24a. Instead, the base 27 may be replaced with a functionally replaced wheel, for example, a rotating roller. Good.

The cylinder device 25 as a fixing means is
For example, a pair of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 25a,
25a and pressing members 25b, 25b attached to the distal ends of the piston rods of the cylinders 25a, 25a.
The pallet 2 placed on the rollers 24c, 24c of the cradle 24 is disposed so as to be sandwiched from both sides in a direction orthogonal to the transport direction of the mold 1, and is mounted and fixed on the cradle 24. ing.

The driving means 26 has a motor 26a and a speed reducer 26b mounted on a table 26c, a crankshaft 26d fixed to an output shaft of the speed reducer 26b, and one end of a connecting rod 26e connected to the crankshaft 26d. It is configured to be rotatably mounted. And
The other end of the connecting rod 26e is rotatably attached to a pin 24d fixed to one end of the cart 24b. Thus, when the motor 26a operates, the rotation thereof is reduced by the speed reducer 2.
6b, the crankshaft 26d, the connecting rod 26
e, the mold 1 together with the cradle 24 is
Can be reciprocated in a substantially horizontal direction in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the concrete is transported to the ready-mixed concrete charging step. The position of the crank pin 26f of the crank shaft 26d can be adjusted.
The stroke of the four reciprocating motions can be changed. Further, by controlling the motor 26a, the number of rotations thereof can be adjusted, and the cycle of the cradle 24 can be changed.

The second driving device 23b has the same structure as that of the first driving device 23a, but their specifications are slightly different. That is, the first driving device 23a
The stroke is, for example, 300 to 30 mm;
The second drive device 23b is configured such that the stroke is, for example,
It is 200 to 20 mm. Of course, each stroke may be 300 mm or more or 200 mm or more.

Next, the movements of the driving devices 23a and 23b of the mold 1 having the above-described configuration will be described in order. First,
Due to the forward movement of the rack feeder 22, the form 1 is guided by the rollers 24c of the cradle 24 of the first drive device 23a, and is conveyed onto the cradle 24. Then, the cylinder device 25 is operated to clamp the pallet 2 on which the mold 1 is placed (indicated by a dashed line in FIGS. 8 and 9). Thus, the mold 1 is fixed to the receiving stand 24.

After that, the driving means 26 is operated and the mold 1
Reciprocates with the cradle 24 in a substantially horizontal direction.
Simultaneously with or before or after the start of the reciprocating movement of the form 1, the input of the ready-mixed concrete into the form 1 from the input machine 9 is started. The operation of the first driving device 23a is performed, for example, by setting the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the cradle 24 to 300 mm, high-speed operation of 1.8 seconds in the first 15 seconds, and 2 seconds in the next 30 seconds. Medium speed operation. First, for example, about 1/3 of a predetermined amount of fresh concrete is poured at once. And
After shifting to the medium speed operation, for example, the fuel is intermittently charged at intervals of about 30 kg, for example, at intervals of 1 second until a predetermined amount of about 2/3 is reached. Then, when the operation of the first drive device 23a is stopped and the medium speed operation is completed, the cylinder device 2
5 is operated to open the pallet 2 (shown by solid lines in FIGS. 8 and 9). Next, similarly to the above-described transport of the first driving device 23a to the receiving table 24, the form 1 is moved by the forward movement of the rack feeding device 22 to the receiving table 2 of the second driving device 23b.
4 and the cylinder device 25 is operated to clamp the pallet 2 on which the mold 1 is placed.
Fixed to 4. The operation of the second driving device 23b is as follows.
For example, the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the cradle 24 is 200 m.
m, and low-speed operation with a cycle of 2.4 seconds for 15 seconds. During this 15 seconds, ready-mixed concrete is continuously poured into the formwork 1 for example about 5 kg each. Then, after the ready-mixed concrete is poured into the form 1 to a predetermined amount, the operation of the second driving device 23b is stopped, and the low-speed operation is completed. After that, the ironing is manually performed on the spot for about 30 seconds. Thereafter, the cylinder device 25 operates to open the pallet. Then, by the rack feeding device 22, the form 1 is moved to the second driving device 23b.
And then proceed to the next step.

The process time required for one cycle from the start to the end of driving of the first driving device 23a and the second driving device 23b, that is, the formwork by the operation of the cylinder device 25 The process time required for one cycle from the clamping to the unclamping of the pallet 2 on which the pallet 1 is placed is set to the same time, and these process times are determined before and after these processes, for example, It is set to the same time as the process time of each process before and after the rebar insertion / mold assembling process and the demolding process.

As described above, while the ready-mixed concrete is put into the mold 1, the first driving device 23a operates at a high speed and a medium speed, and the second driving device 23b operates at a low speed. The form 1 is reciprocated in a substantially horizontal direction so that the put ready-mixed concrete is shaken and wavy, as in the case of the first embodiment.

The method of manufacturing the concrete product shown in the second embodiment and the operation and effect of the driving devices 23a and 23b of the form 1 used in the manufacturing method are almost the same as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, only different points will be described below. When the mold 1 is transported to the ready-mixed concrete charging step, it is placed on the receiving stand 24 together with the pallet 2 and is fixed to the receiving stand 24 by the cylinder device 25.
Thus, the mold 1 is integrated with the cradle 24, and when the cradle 24 is driven by the driving means 26, the mold 1 reciprocates with the cradle 24. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, for example, a case where vibration is applied by a table vibrator or the like, or a case where the moving direction of the mold 1 is changed by colliding the mold 1 with a wall. Compared to,
Noise generated during compaction of ready-mixed concrete can be significantly reduced, and the formwork 1 is not damaged.

Also, while the ready-mixed concrete is being put into the mold 1, the driving devices 23a and 23b operate at high speed, medium speed,
The mold 1 is operated in the order of low-speed operation, and reciprocating motion of the mold 1 is performed. In this first high-speed operation, the poured ready-mixed concrete 10 is shaken and wavy, thereby being fluidized,
The mortar layer is formed so as to rise on the inner wall surfaces 1c and 1d of the mold 1. Then, at a medium speed operation, the mortar layer gradually rises with the input of the ready-mixed concrete. Finally, by setting the low-speed operation, it is possible to prevent the poured ready-mixed concrete 10 from spilling out of the formwork 1. In this way, the mold 1 is high speed, medium speed,
By reciprocating in the order of low speed, the mortar layer can be efficiently formed on the inner wall surfaces 1c and 1d of the mold 1 without the poured ready-mixed concrete 10 spilling out of the mold 1.

The transport lane Y for transporting the form 1 to the ready-mixed concrete charging step includes a roller 2 which is a part thereof.
4c and 24c are provided in the cradle 24, and the mold 1 can be mounted on the cradle 24 as it is.

FIGS. 11 to 13 show a third embodiment of a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a formwork driving device used in the method. This third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, in that formwork cleaning,
Concrete products are manufactured in the order of oiling, rebar insertion, formwork assembly, ready-mixed concrete input, iron leveling, steam curing, and demolding. 11 to 13 show only the step of putting ready-mixed concrete. The formwork 1 after completion of the formwork assembly is moved from left to right in FIG. 11 by a rack feeder (not shown) similar to the rack feeder 22 shown in the second embodiment as a transport lane. Transfer rail 3
It is conveyed to the ready-mixed concrete charging process on 1. Here, the mold 1 is fixed on a pallet 2, and the pallet 2 is provided with wheels 2 so as to be mounted on a transport rail 31.
b and 2b are rotatably mounted. Thus,
The mold 1 can move on the transport rail 31 together with the pallet 2.

In the step of loading the ready-mixed concrete, a driving device 32 for the form 1 is provided.
Is provided with the above-described transport rail 31 as guide support means for guiding and supporting the mold frame 1 so as to be movable in the transport direction, a driving means 33 having a positive cam mechanism, and a cylinder device 34 as connecting means. .

The driving means 33 includes a plate cam 33b rotated by a motor 33a, and follower rollers 33c, 33c rotatably attached to both sides of the plate cam 33b. A follower 33e supported so as to be able to reciprocate on the second base 33d;
f, a driving member 33g supported so as to be able to reciprocate in the same direction as the follower 33e can reciprocate;
3e and a connecting member 33h for connecting the driving member 33g. Here, the follower 33e is connected to the upper plate 3
3i, 33i and lower plates 33j, 33j are vertically guided by rollers 33m, 33m rotatably attached to side plates 33k, 33k of the first base 33d, and furthermore, upper plates 33i, 33i and lower plate 33j, 3
Rollers 33n, 33 rotatably mounted on 3j
n is guided back and forth by the side plates 33k and 33k of the first base 33d, and is capable of reciprocating left and right in the same direction as the direction in which the transport rail 31 that transports the form 1 extends. The driving member 33g has a main body 33p.
The wheels 33q, 33q rotatably mounted on the second base 33f reciprocate in the same direction as the direction in which the follower 33e can reciprocate, so that the wheels 33q, 33q fit on the rail 33r having a U-shaped cross section of the second base 33f. It is movable. Also, the connection member 33
h is formed in a rod shape, one end of which is connected to the follower 33e, and the other end of which is bent downward in a hook shape and is connected to the driving member 33g. When the motor 33a operates in this manner, the rotation of the motor 33a is transmitted to the plate cam 3 via the belt 33s.
The follower 33e reciprocates by the contact between the plate cam 33b and the followers 33c, 33c, and the reciprocation is transmitted to the drive member 33g via the connecting member 33h.

The cylinder device 34 as a connecting means includes, for example, a pair of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 3.
4a, 34a and a holding member 34b attached to the tip of the piston rod of the cylinders 34a, 34a;
34b, when the cylinders 34a, 34a are operated, the holding members 34b, 34b protrude forward and backward in the conveying direction of the mold 1, and indirectly hold the mold 1 from both sides via the pallet 2. The driving member 3
It is mounted and fixed on a 3 g body 33p.

Next, the operation of the driving device 32 of the mold 1 having the above-described structure will be described in order. When the mold 1 is transported on the transport rail 31 to the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, the cylinder device 34 is operated, and the holding member 34
b and 34b protrude (indicated by a dashed line in FIGS. 11 and 13). Thus, the pair of holding members 34b, 34b sandwich and hold the pallet 2 on which the mold 1 is placed from both sides, and the driving member 33g is connected to the mold 1 via the cylinder device 34 and the pallet 2.

After that, the driving means 33 is operated and the mold 1
Reciprocates along the pallet 2 on the transport rail 31 in the same direction as the direction in which the transport rail 31 extends, and in the horizontal direction substantially horizontally. As described above, the transport rail 31 functions as a guide and support unit that guides and supports the form 1 so as to be movable in the direction of the reciprocating motion. Simultaneously with or before or after the start of the reciprocating movement of the form 1, the input of the ready-mixed concrete into the form 1 from the input machine 9 is started. Then, after a predetermined amount of ready-mixed concrete is charged, the driving means 33 stops. Then, the cylinder device 34 operates, the holding members 34b, 34b retract, and the pallet 2 is separated from the driving member 33g (FIG. 1).
1 and 13 are shown by solid lines). Then, the rack feeder (not shown) is operated, and the mold 1 moves on the transport rail 31 to the next step.

As described above, while the ready-mixed concrete 10 is poured into the form 1, the drive unit 32 substantially shakes the supplied ready-mixed concrete 10 so as to undulate the same as in the first embodiment. The mold 1 is reciprocated horizontally.

Here, two driving devices 32 for the form 1 are arranged like the driving devices 23a and 23b shown in the second embodiment, and the first driving device 32 is for high-speed operation and medium-speed operation. The eyes may be operated at a low speed, or three driving devices 32 may be arranged for high-speed operation, medium-speed operation, and low-speed operation.

The operation and effect of the method for manufacturing a concrete product and the form driving device used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product according to the third embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore differ from the first embodiment. Only the following will be described. Since the transport rail 31 acts as guide support means for guiding and supporting the form 1 movably in the direction of its reciprocating motion, the transport rail 31 is used as guide support means, and the structure of the drive device 32 of the form 1 is reduced. It can be simplified.

The positive cam mechanism of the driving means 33 allows the mold 1 to reciprocate reliably. Furthermore, if the shape of the plate cam 33b of the positive cam mechanism is appropriately determined, the required reciprocating motion can be easily applied to the mold 1.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various other modifications are possible. For example, prior to or simultaneously with the input of ready-mixed concrete into the formwork 1,
Mortar may be charged into the mold 1. By doing so, the mortar that has been introduced is used as the inner wall surfaces 1c, 1d of the formwork 1.
The mortar layer is reliably formed on the inner wall surfaces 1c and 1d of the formwork 1 from the initial stage of charging the ready-mixed concrete. Here, the mortar to be charged is desirably a mortar having a flow value of, for example, 30 to 60 cm and having high fluidity.

The pattern of the reciprocating motion of the mold 1 is not limited to the above-described pattern, and the cycle of the reciprocating motion, the stroke of the reciprocating motion, the peak value of the acceleration, and the like may be appropriately changed. In short, what is necessary is just that the ready-mixed concrete 10 put into the formwork 1 is shaken and wavy. If this condition is satisfied, for example, in the reciprocating motion pattern shown in the first embodiment, it is not necessary to provide a stop time when the mold 1 moves to the left end and the right end of the reciprocating motion. In this case, the ready-mixed concrete 10
When the form 1 has moved to the left end of the reciprocating movement, it is on the left end side of the ready-mixed concrete 10, and when the form 1 has been moved to the right end of the reciprocating movement, on the right end side of the ready-mixed concrete 10, Each one has a climax only once.

Further, in the driving device 13 of the mold 1 shown in the first embodiment, an air bag which is inflated by air pressure may be used instead of the hydraulic cylinder 5. Further, in the driving devices 23a and 23b of the formwork 1 shown in the second embodiment, the driving means 26 may not be driven by the crank mechanism but may be driven by a positive cam mechanism. Further, in the driving device 32 of the formwork 1 shown in the third embodiment, the follower 33e itself can function as the drive member 33g without providing the follower 33e and the drive member 33g separately. The cylinder device 34 may be directly attached to the node 33e. Further, the driving devices 13, 23a, 23
The driving means 7, 26, 33 of b, 32 need not be driven by a motor, but may be driven by hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure or the like.

In the first and third embodiments described above, the driving members 8 and 33g are indirectly connected to the mold 1 via the pallet 2, respectively. These drive members may be directly connected to the mold 1.

Further, the production line utilizing the method for producing a concrete product according to the present invention and the driving device for the formwork used in the production method is naturally limited to the one shown in FIG. No, other steps not shown are added, some steps are omitted, or
For example, a plurality of process operations may be performed together in the same process, such as performing the rebar inserting process and the formwork assembling process together in the same process.

[0069]

As will be apparent from the above description, the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and the apparatus for driving a formwork used in the method for manufacturing a concrete product have the following effects.

According to the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the first aspect, there is no large noise generated due to vibration imparted by a table vibrator or the like, and the amount of air inside the concrete product is not significantly reduced. The surface of the product can be smoothed.

According to the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the separation of coarse aggregate in the ready-mixed concrete hardly occurs.

According to the method of manufacturing a concrete product according to the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect, the surface of the product can be further smoothed.

Further, according to the form driving device of the fourth or ninth aspect, it is possible to form a concrete product without generating a loud noise caused by vibration applied by a table vibrator or the like. In addition, in the molded concrete product, the amount of air in the inside does not decrease so much and the product surface becomes smooth.

Further, according to the form driving apparatus of the fifth aspect, in addition to the effect of the fourth aspect, the form can be transferred between the conveying means such as a conveyor and the guide supporting member. It can be easily achieved simply by moving the guide support member up and down.

According to the form driving device of the sixth aspect, in addition to the effect of the fifth aspect, the form is moved up and down together with the guide support member by the elevating means, and the form is moved to a conveyor or the like. Not only can it be transferred between the conveying means and the guide support member, but also the drive member can be connected to the formwork or the connection can be released.

According to the apparatus for driving a form described in claim 7, in addition to the effect of claim 4, the apparatus for driving the form is simplified by utilizing a transfer lane for transferring the form. Can be

According to the apparatus for driving a mold described in claim 8, in addition to the effect of claim 7, in addition to the effect of claim 7, the driving member is attached to the form by a holding member projecting forward and backward in the conveying direction of the form. Can be linked.

According to the mold driving apparatus of the tenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the ninth aspect, the mold can be directly mounted on the receiving stand.

According to the form driving apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the present invention, the required reciprocating movement of the form can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a formwork driving device used in the manufacturing method.
It is a figure showing the whole production line.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a formwork driving device used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product.
It is the figure seen from the moving direction of the conveyor.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state where a table is raised in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the driving means is operating in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between acceleration and time in a reciprocating motion pattern of a mold.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between speed and time.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between distance and time.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention and a formwork driving device used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the step of putting ready-mixed concrete as viewed from the direction in which the conveyor moves.

FIG. 10 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a step of pouring ready-mixed concrete according to a third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a concrete product and the formwork driving device used in the method for manufacturing the concrete product according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is also a front view.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Form frame 2a Engaged part 3 Conveyor (conveying means) 5 Hydraulic cylinder (elevating means) 8a Engaging part 1c, 1d Inner wall surface 7 Driving means 8 Driving member 10 Poured ready-mixed concrete (fresh concrete) 11 Connecting means 12 Guide support unit 13 Drive unit 23a First drive unit (drive unit) 23b Second drive unit (drive unit) 24 Receiving stand 25 Cylinder unit (fixing unit) 26 Drive unit 31 Transport rail (guide support unit, transport lane) Reference Signs List 32 drive device 33 drive means 33g drive member 34 cylinder device (connection means) 34b holding member X guide support member Y transport lane

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a concrete product in which a ready-mixed concrete is poured into a mold, and then cured and demolded to obtain a concrete product, wherein in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, the ready-mixed concrete is placed in the mold. A method for manufacturing a concrete product, characterized by reciprocating the formwork while pouring concrete, so that the ready-mixed concrete is shaken and wavy. 2. The method of manufacturing a concrete product according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating motion of the form is performed in a substantially horizontal direction. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein mortar is charged into the mold before or during the input of the ready-mixed concrete. Method of manufacturing concrete products. 4. The apparatus for driving a formwork used in the manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the formwork conveyed to the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete is reciprocated. And a connecting means for directly or indirectly connecting the driving member to the formwork. The driving member is connected by the connecting means to the mold frame which is conveyed to the movable by the guide support means, and the driving member is driven to give the reciprocating motion to the mold frame. Driving device for formwork. 5. The drive device according to claim 4, wherein the guide support means is provided below the mold frame conveyed by a conveyer such as a conveyor in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete, and the guide support means is provided with the mold. By raising and lowering the guide support member for guiding and supporting the frame,
A mold driving device, comprising: elevating means for transferring the mold between the transporting means and the guide support member. 6. The driving device according to claim 5, wherein the connecting unit includes an engaged portion provided on the mold side,
An engagement portion provided on the drive member side, wherein the mold is raised together with the guide support member by the elevating means, whereby the engaged portion is engaged with the engagement portion, and A form driving device, wherein the engaged portion is separated from the engaging portion by lowering the mold together with the guide support member by the elevating means. 7. The driving device for a formwork according to claim 4, wherein the guide support means comprises a transfer lane for transferring the formwork to the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete. 8. The driving device according to claim 7, wherein the connecting means protrudes forward and backward in the transport direction of the mold, and directly or indirectly sandwiches and holds the mold from both sides. A driving device for the formwork, wherein the drive member is directly or indirectly connected to the formwork on the transport lane via the holding member. 9. A formwork driving device used in the manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the formwork conveyed in the step of charging the ready-mixed concrete is placed and the reciprocation is performed. A cradle movable in the direction of movement, fixing means for fixing the mold to the cradle, and driving means for driving the cradle; and the reciprocating motion of the mold via the cradle. A mold driving device. 10. The driving apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the cradle includes a part of a transfer lane that transfers the form to a step of charging the ready-mixed concrete. . 11. The driving device according to claim 4, wherein the driving unit includes a positive cam mechanism, and the positive cam mechanism performs the reciprocating motion on the mold. A driving device for a formwork, which is provided.