JP2023009056A - Manufacturing method of solidification body and solidification body manufactured using the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a solidification body for manufacturing the solidification body capable of micronizing or defoaming air bubbles of a surface or the inside of a fluid, with excellent appearance, homogeneity and high quality and the solidification body manufactured using the method.

SOLUTION: A manufacturing method of a solidification body comprises the steps of: supplying a fluid to a receiving part; imparting a variable inertia force to the fluid supplied to the receiving part; stopping the imparting of the variable inertia force and molding it in the receiving part; and solidifying the fluid in the receiving part. The variable inertia force is controlled by one or more conditions selected from a variation width, a variation number per unit time, a time for a repeated variation or variation frequency, an acceleration of the variable inertia force according to physical and/or chemical attribute of the fluid and/or physical and/or chemical attribute of air bubbles.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

COPYRIGHT: (C)2023,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solidified body in which air bubbles in a fluid are finely divided and/or defoamed and the fluid is solidified by a variable inertial force applied to the fluid, and the method is used to produce the solidified body. Regarding the solidified body.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a product or the like is manufactured using a fluid, it has sometimes been necessary to treat air bubbles contained in the fluid from the viewpoint of quality and appearance. For example, if air bubbles are present in the fluid when the fluid is solidified, cavities and dents are generated inside and on the surface of the solidified material, and the process for eliminating these cavities takes time and costs.

With respect to such problems, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an air bubble reduction vibrator for concrete having a vibrating body that connects or incorporates an electric motor, a plow board, and a connecting portion that connects the vibrating body and the plow board. A method for reducing air bubbles in concrete by inserting the air bubble reduction vibrator near the formwork of unhardened concrete and vibrating it is described.

However, in the vibrator described in Patent Document 1, the properties and shapes of concrete viscosity, cement paste and fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, and the mixed form of various sizes and specific gravities cause scattering and irregular reflection of vibration. There is a problem that the vibration cannot be spread all over due to damping or the like, and the vibration can be applied only locally. In addition, the operation of inserting the vibrator in the vicinity of the formwork requires excessive labor and cost. Furthermore, in the first place, there is a problem that the applied vibration conditions do not meet the defoaming conditions of the vibration receiving body, so that defoaming cannot be performed.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a formwork placing table on which a formwork for a concrete molded product is placed is constituted by a framework of shaped steel or the like, and a base is similarly constituted by a framework of shaped steel or the like. A formwork mounting table is attached with a cushioning member such as rubber interposed therebetween, a formwork fixing device is provided for mounting and fixing the concrete molding formwork on the formwork mounting table, and the formwork is separated from the formwork fixing device. A table vibrator for molding cement-concrete products is described in which a vibrating motor is mounted on the mounting table.

However, the table vibrator described in Patent Literature 2 can only give a fixed predetermined vibration that does not meet defoaming conditions, and causes bubbles on the concrete surface and/or inside the concrete, so-called entrapped air. There is a problem that it cannot be made finer or disappear, and it cannot be made finer to the extent that it can disappear from the appearance. That is, there is a problem that the given vibration conditions do not meet the defoaming conditions of the vibration receiving body, and thus the defoaming cannot be performed.

Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a defoaming device used for removing air bubbles contained in coating materials, inks, etc., which is used in various coating machines and printing machines, and includes a defoaming treatment tank and the A deaerator is described comprising an ultrasonic transducer connected to a deaeration tank.

However, in the technique of defoaming using sound waves, especially ultrasonic waves, the fluid is a viscous fluid or a mixed fluid containing a plurality of objects with different specific gravities, hardnesses, sizes and shapes, and the volume If is large enough, it is possible to apply waves with preset conditions in the vicinity of the sound wave input source, but the sound waves are significantly attenuated when the sound waves are separated from the sound wave input source, and the attenuated waves deviate from the set conditions. , there is a problem that it is uneven and does not spread evenly throughout, and as a result, defoaming cannot be completed to an acceptable level.

JP-A-2006-16868 JP-A-5-318422 JP 2010-167386 A

The present invention has been made through the intensive research of the present inventors in view of such conventional circumstances. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a solidified body that enables efficient production of products at low cost, and to provide a solidified body produced by the method.

One aspect of the method for producing a solidified body of the present invention includes a step of supplying a fluid to a receiving portion, a step of applying a variable inertial force to the fluid supplied to the receiving portion, and a step of and solidifying the fluid in the receptacle, wherein the fluctuating inertial force is applied to the physical and/or chemical properties of the fluid and/or the air bubbles. It is controlled by one or more conditions selected from the variation width of the inertial force, the number of variations per unit time, the time or number of times of repeated variation, and the acceleration, depending on the physical and/or chemical attributes.
Further, one aspect of the method for producing a solidified body of the present invention is a step of supplying a fluid to a receiving portion, a step of applying a variable inertial force to the fluid supplied to the receiving portion, and a variable The method comprises the steps of filling the mold with the fluid by urging the discharge of the fluid from the receptacle by inertial force, and solidifying the fluid in the mold.

Furthermore, one aspect of the present invention is a solidified body manufactured using the method for manufacturing a solidified body described above.

In the case of a viscous fluid, since the viscous resistance is high, even if the vibration is applied locally, the vibration does not propagate throughout the fluid as in the invention described in Patent Document 1. However, in one aspect of the present invention, a variable Inertia force (for example, rocking motion) can be applied to the fluid almost uniformly as an external force. In this case, the force acting on the fluid from the outside acts as an inertial force applied to the entire volume of the fluid, and the fluid is not a medium of vibration. There is almost no mechanism of local damping of the external forcing force inside the . Variable inertia forces can be applied in vertical and/or horizontal directions, or composites thereof.

According to the present invention, air bubbles on the surface and inside of a fluid can be made fine or defoamed, and a homogeneous and high-quality solidified product with good appearance can be efficiently produced.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the direction in which a variable inertial force is applied to the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a first mechanism for miniaturizing air bubbles in a device for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) and (B) are schematic diagrams schematically showing the second mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a third mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(A) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. (C) is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the direction in which the fluctuating inertial force is applied, and (D) is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. is. (A) and (B) are schematic diagrams showing another example of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (A) to (F) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the supply section of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (G) and (H) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the supply unit of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and (I) and (J) are the present BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating several connection modes between a supply portion and a receiving portion in an air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating several aspects of a receiving part of a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to a mode. (M) to (R) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the receiving part of the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (S) to (X) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the receiving part of the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (A) to (F) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the discharge section of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (G) to (K) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the discharge section of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (L) to (P) are perspective views illustrating several aspects of the discharge section of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 4(Q) to 4(S) are cross-sectional views for explaining a configuration for preventing fluid clogging in the discharge section of the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. (A) to (C) are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the supporting portion of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention having an avoidance section. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing another modification of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a process of applying a varying inertial force to a fluid in the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a device that locally applies vibration and/or impact; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the process of applying a variable inertial force to the fluid in the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the state of air bubbles of concrete when conditions are changed in an example. It is a figure showing the state of air bubbles of concrete when conditions are changed in an example. It is a figure showing the state of air bubbles of concrete when conditions are changed in an example. It is a figure showing the state of air bubbles of concrete when conditions are changed in an example. It is a figure showing the state of air bubbles of concrete when conditions are changed in an example. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the state of bubbles in concrete when the conditions are changed in another aspect of the example.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An apparatus for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail below in the following order with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following examples, and can be arbitrarily modified within the scope of the present invention.
1. Significance of fluctuating inertial force 2 . Air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device

<1. Significance of fluctuating inertial force>
Before describing a bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the significance of applying a variable inertial force using this device will be described. An apparatus for miniaturization and defoaming of bubbles according to one embodiment of the present invention applies a variable inertial force to a fluid to reduce the physical and/or chemical attributes of the fluid and/or the bubbles to be miniaturized. One selected from at least the variation width of the inertial force, the number of variations per unit time, the number or time of variation, or the acceleration during variation, depending on the physical and / or chemical attributes before miniaturization It is characterized by controlling the fluctuating inertial force under the above conditions. By applying a variable inertial force to the entire fluid, the air bubbles present inside and on the surface of the fluid can be made finer and/or defoamed to a size that poses no problem in terms of appearance and quality. The variable inertial force applied to the fluid is not particularly limited. ), or it can be generated in the process of changing orientation, etc., and act on the fluid.

In the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is important to apply an inertial force to the fluid itself, particularly to repeatedly apply an inertial force. It is not effective to inject (irradiate) (ultra)sonic waves with such a sound source device. In the case of sound waves, when a fluid is vibrated, the fluid itself acts as a medium for propagating the wave motion. As a result, a mechanism is created in which the fluid does not vibrate either. In addition, when a fluid consists of a plurality of objects, due to differences in size, specific gravity, mass, etc., some objects vibrate and some do not, depending on the sound wave conditions. There is a problem that it is not possible to apply a uniform action over the entire fluid and to apply an action to collapse the bubbles throughout the fluid. In particular, when the fluid, which is the object to be vibrated, contains a plurality of solid substances with various shapes, masses, and specific gravities, the input sound waves are scattered and/or attenuated by viscous resistance on the respective surfaces and interfaces. There is a problem that the wave motion does not spread over the entire volume of the fluid.

On the other hand, in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, inertia is applied to the entire volume of the fluid in a substantially uniform manner, and all the objects constituting the fluid are An inertial force is applied, and depending on the physical and / or chemical attributes of the fluid and / or the physical and / or chemical attributes of the bubbles to be miniaturized, the variation range of the inertial force, per unit time By controlling the fluctuating inertia force according to one or more conditions selected from the number of fluctuations, the time or number of fluctuations, and the acceleration, the inertia force suitable for making the bubbles smaller is generated around the bubbles. In addition, the difference between the inertial force generated in the air bubbles themselves makes it possible to make the air bubbles on the surface and inside of the fluid finer, which makes it possible to efficiently manufacture high-quality products with good aesthetics. Of course, the inertial force applied to the fluid, which is the body to be oscillated, does not necessarily have to be reciprocating. and irregularity.

The means for applying a variable inertia force is not particularly limited, but for example, it may be configured to obtain a variable inertia force due to the centrifugal force in a rotating system that repeatedly alternates the direction of rotation, or may be configured to obtain a variable inertia force. It can also be by motion or vibration. In the case of rocking or vibration, the fluctuation width of the fluctuating inertial force corresponds to the amplitude, the number of fluctuations per unit time to the frequency of vibration, and the time for repeated fluctuations to the vibration time.

In the present invention, the term "fluid" refers to a liquid, a solid having fluidity such as powder, granules, or granules, or a mixture of a liquid and a solid, which has such a viscosity that air bubbles are retained therein. To tell. The fluid is, for example, sherbet-like, jelly-like, paste-like, gel-like, slurry-like, viscous fluid, mixture of a plurality of substances, mixture thereof, or the like. In the case of a mixture of a plurality of substances, the plurality of substances may be mixed in various forms in terms of properties, shapes, sizes, specific gravities, hardness, abundance ratios, etc., or may be symmetrically mixed. It may be taken. In addition, the pasty fluid includes a so-called pendular shape in which a mixed system of liquid and gas is surrounded by solids such as powder, granules, or solids larger than granules, and/or , a so-called fenicular shape in which a solid in the form of powder or granules surrounds a liquid in which air bubbles are present, and/or a liquid that does not contain air bubbles is in the form of powder or granules. It may be in a mixed state or disordered state containing a so-called capillary-shaped element surrounded by a solid. In one embodiment of the present invention, highly viscous fluids or mixtures of fluids in which air bubbles are retained are preferred.

The air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a fluid that solidifies due to its own reaction. If a fluid containing air bubbles is solidified, the air bubbles inside the solidified body remain as they are as cavities or depressions. By miniaturizing the air bubbles inside to a size that does not affect the appearance and quality, even if it is solidified, it will not remain as a large cavity inside the solidified body or form a dent on the surface. can do. Here, the quality refers to the required characteristics among the strength, rigidity, elasticity, mass distribution, density, homogeneity, etc. that define the properties of the fluid or solidified substance after the microbubbles are made finer or after defoaming. In particular, it is preferable that the bubbles are made finer or defoamed so that the required properties satisfy the required level.

In the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the fluctuating inertial force to the entire fluid so as to be distributed substantially uniformly. Examples of a method for uniformly imparting a varying inertial force include a method of vibrating the entire air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device holding the fluid. The vibrator described in Patent Document 1, as described above, can only apply vibration locally. Since it is not possible to move and the bubbles cannot be sufficiently eliminated, it is preferable to uniformly apply vibration or rocking to the entire target fluid.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the direction in which a variable inertial force is applied to an air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the variable inertial force in the direction perpendicular to the fluid 11, that is, in the z-axis direction in FIG. Since gravity is applied in the vertical direction, by applying a fluctuating inertial force in the same direction as the gravity, the bubbles 12 can be more efficiently made finer and eliminated. It is also possible to move it upward in the vertical direction and drive it outside. However, with regard to the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to exclude the application of fluctuating inertial force in the horizontal direction. It may be one that gives an inertial force in a direction that is a combination of the axis and the y-axis. Furthermore, in addition to the vertical inertial force, the horizontal inertial force may be applied. Furthermore, in addition to applying the varying inertial force in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction, the body to be vibrated may be rotated in the vertical plane or in the horizontal plane. In this case, it is possible to reduce the separation of a plurality of components and substances that constitute the fluid. In addition, as a method of applying inertial force to the fluid, it is not limited to the variation of acceleration along one axis direction, but also by rotating the entire fluid while regularly or irregularly varying the rotation direction. It may be configured to apply centrifugal force.

Regarding the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanism of miniaturization of air bubbles will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG. 2 to 4, the direction of the fluctuating inertia force coincides with the z-axis in FIG. 1, and the vertical direction also coincides with the vertical direction in FIG. Also, in this description, as an example, the fluid is subjected to monotonous and reciprocating motion to apply a fluctuating inertial force, but the motion is not limited to monotonous and reciprocating motion.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the first mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Bubbles 20 in the fluid are formed by the application of tension Fs (hereinafter referred to as "interfacial tension") acting on the interface between the fluid and the bubbles. Therefore, in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, by applying a fluctuating inertial force to the bubbles and the fluid surrounding the bubbles, when the direction of the fluctuating inertial force changes, the bubbles Inertial force Fi acting in proportion to the mass of the elements constituting the fluid surrounding the interface ) to apply pressure to the bubbles. More specifically, the vertical motion of the fluid in accordance with the monotonous and reciprocating motion includes upward acceleration movement, upward deceleration movement, downward movement direction change, and downward acceleration movement. , downward deceleration movement, and upward movement direction change are repeatedly performed, and inertial force Fi is applied to the bubble 20 during such repeated acceleration and deceleration movement (FIG. 2A). ). At this time, the bubble 20 can be deformed (FIG. 2(B)) by applying vibration such that the magnitude of the inertial force Fi is greater than the interfacial tension Fs or the collapse resistance force described later, and finally can divide a certain bubble 20 existing in the fluid into a plurality of bubbles 20A and 20B to make them smaller (FIG. 2(C)). By repeating this miniaturization, the air bubbles in the fluid are reduced to a size that does not pose a problem in terms of appearance and quality, so that the air bubbles in the fluid can be made invisible to the naked eye and disappear. .

As described above, in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, the inertial force difference caused by the mass difference between the air bubbles and the fluid collapses the air bubbles by applying a variable inertial force, Furthermore, it promotes higher order bubble fission such as secondary bubble fission, tertiary bubble fission, and so on, and along with this, the bubbles are made finer to reach a desired level of size. to obtain the disappearance effect. At this time, the total volume of the bubbles does not change much before and after the high-order bubble fission, and the bubbles may remain finely divided in the fluid. Therefore, it is considered possible to convert microbubbles resulting from high-order bubble fission below a predetermined level into entrained air having a diameter of about 25 to 250 μm, for example.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the second mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The second mechanism of bubble miniaturization mainly works when the fluid contains solids in the form of powders, granules, or the like. For example, the production of concrete involves cement paste, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. For the sake of convenience, the use of the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming apparatus for concrete will be described as an example, but of course, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

Application of the fluctuating inertial force causes the fluid 30 to shift from upward movement to downward movement at intermediate positions between the peaks of the monotonic and reciprocating motion to be applied. When the moving direction is changed to , and the downward acceleration is started, and the speed of the free fall of the fluid 30 is matched, the state is almost zero gravity momentarily. At this time, large-diameter coarse aggregates 31a and small-diameter coarse aggregates 31b (coarse aggregates 31) constituting the fluid 30, fine aggregates 32 existing between the coarse aggregates 31, and these coarse aggregates 31 and the cement paste 33 interposed between the fine aggregates 32 becomes almost zero (Fig. 3(A)). At the next moment, when the vibration reaches its peak (the position where the moving direction of the fluid 30 changes from downward to upward), these coarse aggregates 31, fine aggregates 32, and cement paste 33 A rearrangement is made as a contiguous distribution. In this process, the frictional force acting between each other gradually changes toward the maximum value, so that in the middle, the frictional force is gentle, that is, it is not solid-phase, but liquid-phase flow. It flows down toward a stable state with a lower energy state (Fig. 3(B)). This downflow occurs as a flow centered on the cement paste 33 and the fine aggregate 32 from the fluid 30 into the bubbles 34 around the bubbles 34. On the body 30 side, replacement with the gas in the bubble 34 occurs. If such fluid/gas exchange flow occurs at one location for one bubble 34, the original bubble will collapse and the gas will be displaced more upwards, resulting in the bubble 34 It's like moving upwards. Also, when the fluid/gas exchange flow for one bubble 34 occurs at a plurality of locations, the originally one bubble 34 is displaced upwards as if split into a plurality of smaller bubbles. By repeating the flow collapse in a chain like this, the bubbles are made finer, or reach the top and escape the fluid 30 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a third mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. There may exist air bubbles 41 that are not eliminated by the first mechanism and the second mechanism of air bubble miniaturization in the fluid 40 described above. However, such air bubbles 41 hardly exist in the case of mortar containing no coarse aggregate. Therefore, it is considered that the presence of the coarse aggregate 42 is the main cause of the generation of the bubbles 41 . That is, the air bubbles 41 can exist close to the coarse aggregates 42, and there are voids surrounded by several coarse aggregates 42, and air is trapped in the coarse aggregates 42. it is conceivable that. The air bubbles 41 having such a structure are aggregated by using mortar (fine aggregate 43 and cement paste 44) having a density close to that of the coarse aggregate 42 as a binder material. constitutes From this, it is considered that the bubbles 41 do not collapse or are extremely difficult to collapse by the first mechanism and the second mechanism. As a mechanism for disappearing the bubbles 41 having such a structure, it is effective to apply resonance vibration having a natural frequency to the coarse aggregate 42 forming the bubbles 41 .

In reality, it is considered that the bubbles are made finer as a combination of the first mechanism, the second mechanism, and the third mechanism. 3, the setting of the conditions for applying the variable inertial force will be described in more detail. In the following, the description will be made mainly with the first mechanism in mind, but the parts applicable to the second and third mechanisms may be appropriately replaced and understood. As described above, in order to make the bubbles finer, a force larger than the force acting on the bubbles to maintain the state of the bubbles (hereinafter referred to as "bubble collapse resistance"), i.e., inertial force, should be applied. , impact, and centrifugal force (However, even if inertial force such as stationary centrifugal force is applied, it is not uncommon for bubbles to collapse. Therefore, unsteady It is preferable to keep it in a state.) etc.

The collapse resistance of bubbles is the viscosity, specific gravity, mass of constituent elements, bubble size, bubble interfacial tension, bubble internal pressure, and solid-liquid mixed fluid containing aggregate-like solids. In other words, the presence of gas trapped by the engagement between solids and the degree of enclosing the gas by solids are parameters. Therefore, it is possible to set or estimate as appropriate depending on the type of target fluid and/or the size, shape, form, etc. of bubbles. In the variable inertia force according to one embodiment of the present invention, the variable inertia force is controlled so that a force exceeding the collapse resistance force of the bubble is applied to the bubble.

Although the fluctuating inertial force to be applied is not particularly limited, a simple harmonic motion will be described as an example.

Although the amplitude is not particularly limited, it can be, for example, about 1/10 or more of the diameter of the bubble, and preferably about the same width or less than the diameter of the bubble. If the amplitude is too small or too large beyond this range, the force of inertia applied to the fluid will be insufficient, and the force for collapsing the bubbles will be weak, and the force for miniaturizing the bubbles will not be sufficiently applied, or Excessive excitation energy is applied, which is also energy inefficient and unreasonable, such as the possibility of separating constituent elements of the fluid. In addition, when the fluid is a mixture of a plurality of materials having different specific gravities, application of excessive vibration may cause the components to separate. By applying vibration, the bubbles are gradually split and become minute, so the amplitude may be gradually reduced over time.

By the way, if the force of inertia of the fluid, which is the body to be vibrated, with respect to the entire system is constant, the force per unit area acting everywhere in the system, that is, the surface pressure can be considered to be substantially constant. Therefore, large-diameter bubbles have a large surface area and receive a relatively large force as the entire surface area of the bubble, while small-diameter bubbles have a small surface area and receive a relatively small force as the entire surface area of the bubble. That is, small-diameter bubbles are more difficult to collapse than large-diameter bubbles. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the acceleration, which is the source of the inertial force, in the process of applying the inertial force to the fluid and subdividing the bubbles, thereby increasing the inertial force. At this time, if the amplitude is gradually decreased in accordance with the target bubble size, the acceleration can be increased by increasing the vibration frequency accordingly.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, vibration can be controlled by the number of vibrations (frequency). Although the frequency is not particularly limited, for example, vibration of about 10 to 90 Hz may be applied. If the frequency is too high, when the fluid is composed of a plurality of components with different specific gravities, the components may separate, which is not preferable. Further, as described above, when the vibration is applied, the bubbles gradually become smaller, so the vibration frequency may be set to gradually increase accordingly.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, vibration can be controlled by the vibration time or the number of times of vibration. The vibration time is also not particularly limited, but can be, for example, in the range of about 10 seconds to 10 minutes. When the fluid is solidified, it is necessary to set the vibration conditions so that the microbubbles are completed before the solidification reaction is completed. Also, depending on the conditions, even if the vibration exceeds a certain period of time, there may be bubbles that remain without defoaming. is preferred.

Thus, vibration is controlled by one or more conditions selected from amplitude, frequency, and vibration time depending on the type of fluid and/or the size of bubbles. When a bubble splits due to vibration and becomes smaller than a certain size, it may not be possible to further reduce the size of the bubble with the amplitude and frequency up to that point. Therefore, the amplitude and frequency may be simultaneously controlled according to the lapse of vibration time so that even small-sized bubbles are subjected to an acceleration G that sufficiently exceeds the collapse resistance force of the bubbles.

So far, the case of producing a concrete molded body has been described as an example, but of course, the device for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to other than the production of concrete. The present invention is not limited in any way by the type of fluid, the blending ratio, the amount of production, etc., and the fluid can impart an appropriately variable inertial force to the devices and instruments used according to the type of fluid. It is good to add such a configuration.

The above-mentioned concrete includes concrete such as Roman concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, polymer concrete, etc., in addition to concrete that can be hardened by adding water, filler (filler), ordinary aggregate, etc. to cement. It also includes mortar that uses only fine aggregates and cement paste that does not use aggregates. As the aggregate, any material commonly used in concrete or any conventionally known material may be used, and sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed glass, rubble, artificial materials, etc., waste, etc. can be used. be. Furthermore, the cement is not particularly limited, and Portland cement, Roman cement, resin cement, etc. can be used, for example.

The bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used for so-called secondary concrete products. For example, piles, pipes, plates, retaining walls, floor slabs, floor boards, wall balustrades, concrete blocks, box culverts, arch culverts, culverts, Hume pipes (pipes using reinforced concrete), flumes, cable troughs, common gutters, curtain walls (curtain walls, curtain walls), outer walls, concrete bridges, bridge girders, tunnel segments (shield tunnels), water pipes, drainage pipes, storage tanks, water tanks, drainage pits, street ditch pits, radioactive waste containers, nuclear shelters, utility poles , pavement (road), gutter, gutter cover, manhole, assembly manhole, manhole cover, box manhole, boundary block, curb, car stop block, footing block, interlocking block, vegetation block, protective fence, sheet pile, soundproof material, extinguisher Applicable to wave blocks, revetment blocks, sleepers, and objects (images). In addition to the above examples, the present invention can be suitably applied to various products such as products molded using a mold (precast products). For example, artificial stone, artificial marble, tiles, pottery, porcelain, gutter members, lids, toilet bowls, tombstones, torii gates, bronze statues, Buddha statues, gypsum statues, gypsum products, glass products, various metals such as iron, aluminum, and copper. It can be applied to all kinds of products such as castings, die-cast products, etc., which are manufactured by solidifying and molding a fluid. By removing air bubbles by applying the method for miniaturizing air bubbles according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to not only improve the appearance but also prevent the deterioration of strength due to the generation of cavities, thereby providing a high-quality product. be able to.

Further, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for, for example, two-liquid mixed resins such as epoxy resins, silicones, rubbers, cosmetics such as lipsticks and mascara, soaps, colored pencils, paints, and the like. It can also be applied to chemical products such as paints, sealants, lubricants, and conductive agents. In other words, it is not necessarily limited to solidified substances, but can also be applied to substances having such a degree of viscosity that bubbles are retained inside.

Further, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied not only to industrial products but also to food manufacturing processes. For example, as in the case of producing tofu by adding bittern to soymilk, it is possible to apply the air-bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention to a method in which ingredients are mixed and solidified. It is possible to provide a food such as tofu with a fine surface and an excellent appearance without depressions or cavities due to air bubbles mixed in when solidified. In addition to tofu, it can also be applied to the production of pastes such as kamaboko, konjac, candy, honey, and other foods. By applying the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention to remove air bubbles, not only the appearance is improved, but also the equalization of the volume and mass distribution can be improved. In addition, it is possible to provide high-quality products by preventing oxidative deterioration due to inclusion of air bubbles.

As described above, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied in the manufacture of various fluid processed products as described above.

<2. Air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device>
Next, an air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5A(A) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. One aspect of the present invention is an air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50a that imparts a variable inertial force to a fluid, comprising at least a receiving portion 53a as a form for receiving the fluid, A variable inertia force imparting mechanism 54a that imparts a variable inertial force to the body is provided. The fluctuating inertia force is controlled by one or more conditions selected from the range of force fluctuations, the number of fluctuations per unit time, the time for repeated fluctuations, or the number of fluctuations.

A variable inertial force can be applied in the vertical direction (vertical direction) to the fluid, that is, in the z-axis direction in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 5A (B), it provides a variable inertia force in the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction, or the combined direction of the x-axis and the y-axis. Also good. Furthermore, the direction in which these fluctuating inertial forces are synthesized may be a combination of forward and backward (x-axis direction), left and right (y-axis direction), and up and down (z-axis direction). Also good. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5B(C), in addition to the application of the vertical and/or horizontal fluctuating inertial force, or independently, the receiving part is rotated in the vertical plane or in the horizontal plane. can be The rotational motion may be an elliptical motion, or a similar rotational motion may be performed when viewed from the front. Both movements are described as movements while maintaining the attitude of the receiving part, that is, so-called translational movements, but they do not have to be translational movements.

The receiver 53a is driven using the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50a according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the entire fluid in the receiver 53a is substantially evenly and substantially uniformly dissipated. By applying inertial force to the entire object that constitutes the fluid by applying variable inertia, the air bubbles on the surface and inside of the fluid can be made finer or eliminated, and the appearance is good and high. Quality products can be manufactured efficiently. On the other hand, many large-sized concrete products formed by formwork have a large mass of nearly 20 tons. If an attempt is made to oscillate the whole ready-mixed concrete using a formwork with the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 50a described above, a gigantic device would be required, and the vibration from the device would be large. , there is a risk that it will propagate to the surrounding area and cause vibration in the surrounding area.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B(D), the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a supply unit 51 to which the fluid is supplied and/or a discharge unit to which the fluid is discharged. 52. For example, if the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 50 according to one embodiment of the present invention has a function as a formwork such as a bottomed shape with an open top, it has only the supply part 51 (described above). A device 50a) for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles. Further, if the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 50 according to one embodiment of the present invention has a function of storing a fluid like a reservoir, it has only the discharge section 52 . Alternatively, the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 50 according to an embodiment of the invention has both the supply section 51 and the discharge section 52 . Below, when both the supply part 51 and the discharge part 52 are provided, that is, when the fluid is mainly fed and/or when the fluid is poured into a mold, etc., a bubble used when applying a fluctuating inertial force The fine defoaming device 50 will be described as an example. Of course, for example, in the case of the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50 according to an embodiment of the invention having only the supply unit 51, after the fluid is poured into the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50 as a mold, A variable inertial force is applied.

For example, the fluid is introduced into the supply unit 51 of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 50, passes through the receiving unit 53 between the supply unit 51 and the discharge unit 52, and is discharged from the discharge unit 52. A variable inertia force is applied by the variable inertia force applying mechanism 54 for a certain period of time. As described above, by applying a variable inertial force to the fluid, the air bubbles in the fluid can be made finer.

The variable inertia force imparting mechanism 54 can include, for example, a drive section, a connection section that connects the drive section and the receiving section 53, and a control section that controls the movement of the drive section. The drive unit is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, an electromagnetic drive source. If it is based on an electromagnetic drive source, it is possible to relatively easily control the fluctuation width of the inertia force, the number of fluctuations per unit time, and the time or number of times of repeated fluctuations. The control unit may change these parameters appropriately according to the state of bubbles contained in the fluid and the elapsed time. Of course, the drive unit according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the electromagnetic drive source. It is good also as a structure which gives an inertia force like.

The driving operation of the receiving portion 53 for imparting a fluctuating inertial force to the fluid may be such that the operation produced by the driving portion is directly transmitted to the receiving portion 53, or the operation of the driving portion may be It may be converted into a predetermined motion at the connecting portion and transmitted to the receiving portion 53 . For example, if the receiving portion 53 is to be oscillated and the driving portion outputs linear reciprocating motion, the connecting portion may directly connect the driving portion and the receiving portion 53, or the driving portion may be connected to the receiving portion 53 directly. If the portion outputs rotational motion, the connection portion may be configured to include a conversion mechanism for converting rotary motion into linear motion and connect to the receiving portion. Furthermore, when changing the swing width of the swing, the operation of the driving section may be changed by control, or the connecting section may be configured to change mechanically.

The receiving part may have an extendable structure, or may be composed of a member having flexibility. FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing another example of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. A bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 60a according to an embodiment of the present invention similarly includes a receiving portion 63a for receiving a fluid and a variable inertia force for imparting a variable inertial force to the received fluid. A force application mechanism 64a is provided. The receiving portion 63a may include a supply portion 61a to which the fluid is supplied and a discharge portion 62a to which the fluid is discharged. The receiving portion 63a can be made of a stretchable material and/or a flexible material. With such a configuration, the fluid can be easily guided to the target discharge point, and the air bubbles in the fluid can be made finer by applying a varying inertial force to the fluid during the guidance. It is efficient because it can

FIG. 6B shows another example of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The receiving portion 63b may have, for example, a structure that can be connected to the fixed passages 67 and 68 via the movable passages 65 and 66 that can expand and contract, respectively. The receiving portion 63b has desired rigidity, for example. The receiving portion 63b includes a supply portion 61b to which the fluid is supplied and a discharge portion 62b to which the fluid is discharged. It is connected via 65,66 to fixed passages 67,68.

7A and 7B are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the supply section of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The supply unit 71a of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a supply port 710a, for example, as shown in FIG. It is introduced into the inside of the defoamer. Then, a variable inertia force is applied to the fluid by the variable inertia force imparting mechanism for a certain period of time until the fluid is discharged from the discharge portion of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device.

As shown in FIG. 7A(B), the supply part 71b of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a planar bottom part 711b, and is erected vertically from the periphery thereof. , a supply port 713b penetrating vertically near the center of the bottom-shaped portion 711b, and an inlet 710b extending vertically from the periphery of the supply port 713b into the receiving portion. With such a configuration, it is possible to widely receive the fluid in the supply portion 71b, adjust the amount of fluid flowing into the receiving portion, and prevent the fluid from scattering to the outside. be able to. The side portion 712b and/or the inlet 710b are not essential components, or the side portion 712b and/or the inlet 710b may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 7A(C), the supply part 71c of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is inclined so as to increase in diameter upward and outward from the periphery of the supply port 712c. It may have a planar opening 710c that spreads out. The supply portion 71c may have an inlet 711c. With such a configuration, the supplied fluid can be easily guided into the receiving portion. The angle of the opening 710c is not particularly limited, and the inclination may be large.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7A(D), the supply portion 71d of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention is curved so as to spread upward and outward from the periphery of the supply port 712d. It may have a substantially bowl-shaped planar opening 710d. The supply portion 71d may have a side portion and/or an inflow port 711d standing at its end. With such a configuration, the supplied fluid can be easily guided into the receiving portion along the substantially bowl-shaped opening 710d. It should be noted that the brachystochrone line may be selected as this curved line to promote faster flow.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7A(E), the supply portion 71e of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is curved so as to spread upward and outward from the periphery of the supply port 711e. It may have a substantially trumpet-shaped planar opening 710e. The supply portion 71e may have a side portion and/or an inflow port erected at the end thereof. Alternatively, the inlet may be curved along the opening 710e. With such a configuration, the supplied fluid can be easily guided into the receiving portion along the substantially trumpet-shaped opening 710e.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7A(F), the supply part 71f of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a diameter approximately the same as that of the inflow port 711f upward from the periphery of the supply port 712f. It may also have an opening 710f that is narrowed down. Such an opening 710f may have, for example, a connection mechanism that can be connected to a liquid feed pipe or the like (pipe, hose, or the like). With such a configuration, the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can directly introduce the fluid from, for example, a reservoir storing the fluid, and the fluid can be You can control the flow rate of the body. The inflow port 711f may be omitted.

Further, the number of supply ports does not necessarily have to be one. For example, as shown in FIG. supply ports 710g1 and 710g2. Such a configuration is effective, for example, when it is necessary to mix and supply a plurality of fluids. Alternatively, improperly sized elements can be excluded. As another configuration, as shown in FIG. openings 710h1 and 710h2, and the openings may be connected to supply ports 712h1 and 712h2, respectively.

Next, a connection mode between the supply section and the receiving section in the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 7B(I), the air-bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention has a side portion 711i of a supply portion 71i and a side portion 731i of a receiving portion 73i having substantially the same width. 71i and receiving portion 73i can be configured to be connected without a gap. Alternatively, the width of the side portion 731i of the receiving portion 73i may be narrower than the width of the side portion 711i of the supply portion 71i. This is because the fluid flows in from the supply port 710i of the supply portion 71i, so the opening side of the receiving portion 73i does not necessarily have a width equal to or greater than the supply port 710i. Therefore, the width of the side surface portion 731i of the receiving portion 73i on the side of the supply portion may be substantially the same as the width of the supply port 710i of the supply portion 71i. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B(J), the air-bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a width of a side portion 731j of the receiving portion 73j on the side of the supply portion. may be formed wider than the width of In this case, a gap is formed between the supply portion 71j and the receiving portion 73j. Such a configuration can be applied, for example, when the width of the side surface portion 731j of the receiving portion 73j is wide and the supply portion 71j does not need to have such a wide width. By forming a gap between the supply portion 71j and the receiving portion 73j, air or the like can flow in through the gap or the like. Furthermore, the gas that escapes from the fluid that is rocked in the receiving portion can be discharged through the gap or the like. Such a gap is, for example, when the width of the side portion 731j of the receiving portion 73j is narrower than the width of the side portion 711j of the supply portion 71j, or when the width of the side portion 731j of the receiving portion 73j on the side of the supply portion is greater than the width of the side portion 731j of the supply portion. If the width is substantially the same as the width of the supply port 710j of 71j, it may be formed between the supply portion and the receiving portion. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7B(I) and (J), the supply ports 710i and 710j are placed near the center of the upper surface of the receiving portions 73i and 73j, and the width thereof is larger than the width of the side portions 731i and 731j of the receiving portions 73i and 73j. By adopting a structure provided so as to be narrower, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the adhesion of the fluid supplied from the supply ports 710i and 710j to the inner surfaces of the side portions 731i and 731j of the receiving portions 73i and 73j. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the adverse effect that the fluid becomes difficult to be discharged, and there is also an advantage that the fluctuating inertia force can be imparted to the fluid in a short time without delay. At this time, the shape of the side portions 711i and 711j of the supply portions 71i and 71j may be inclined or curved as shown in FIGS. 7A(C) to (E).

Next, the mode of the receiving part in the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The receiving part 73k of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a hollow shape so that the fluid can pass through. It is formed by a wide side portion 731k. Then, for example, in the receiving portion 73k, a variable inertia force is applied to the fluid by a variable inertia force applying mechanism. As shown in FIG. 7B(L), the receiving part 73l of the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed in a conical shape that widens toward the discharge part. good. At this time, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the lower end opening of the side surface portion 731l of the receiving portion 73l becomes larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the upper end opening. Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of the opening at the lower end may be smaller than that at the upper end, but in this case, it is necessary to prevent the fluid from clogging the discharge portion, as will be described later.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7C(M), the receiving portion 73m of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention is expanded so that the side portion 731m on the discharge portion side of the receiving portion 73m becomes wider. It's okay to be. In this way, clogging of the fluid in the discharge section can be further prevented. Of course, it is not excluded to have a configuration in which the supply section side is widened.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7C(N), the receiving portion 73n of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a substantially zigzag shape so that the side portion 731n repeats diameter reduction and diameter expansion. may form a side of Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B(O), the receiving portion 73o of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a substantially wavy shape so that the side portion 731o repeats diameter reduction and diameter expansion. It may form a side surface. With such a configuration, the fluid gently passes through the receiving portion, so that a fluctuating inertial force can be applied over a relatively long period of time. In addition, the shape of the side portion may be substantially barrel-shaped, substantially hourglass-shaped, or substantially bellows-shaped. Also, the sizes of the upper end opening and the lower end opening may be changed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7C(P), the receiving portion 73p of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a side portion 731p inclined with respect to the vertical plane. good. At this time, the upper side surface portion 732p and the lower side surface portion 731p can be formed so that at least a part of them overlap (between the perpendicular lines P1 and P2) in the vertical cross section. With such a configuration, the supplied fluid is not directly discharged from the discharge port, but is guided along the side surface, and is discharged from the upper end opening without changing the height from the upper end opening to the lower end opening of the receiving part. Since the path length to the lower end opening can be lengthened, a variable inertial force can be applied over a relatively long period of time.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7C(Q), the receiving portion 73q of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may have a side portion 731q formed in a stepped shape. At this time, the horizontal flat portion 732q may be inclined. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7C(R), the receiving portion 73r of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed such that the widths of the side portions 731r and 732r on both sides gradually widen. It's okay to be there. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7D(S), the receiving portion 73s of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is curved as a whole, and the width of the side portions 731s and 732s on both sides is reduced to one side. It may be formed so as to gradually widen from one to the other. Further, as shown in FIG. 7D(T), the receiving portion 73t of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be partially curved in the horizontal direction. With such a configuration, it is possible to apply a variable inertial force over a relatively long period of time by detouring the flow of the fluid.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7D(U), the receiving portion 73u of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is formed in a cylindrical shape and has a spiral slope inside the receiving portion 73u. 733u may be formed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7D(V), the receiving portion 73v of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes eaves 733v inclined from the inner periphery of the receiving portion 73v toward the center, 734v may alternately project from the left and right. The tips of the left and right eaves 733v and 734v may or may not extend beyond the center. That is, the left and right eaves 733v and 734v may not overlap when viewed in the vertical direction, or may overlap.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7D(W), the receiving portion 73w of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the lower portion of the receiving portion 73w is branched into two. good. Of course, the number of branches may be two or more. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7D(X), the receiving portion 73x of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a partition wall 733x between both side portions 731x and 732x of the receiving portion 73x. A configuration in which the path of the fluid is divided into two may be employed. At this time, the lower portion of the partition 733x may be shorter or longer than the side portions 731x and 732x.

FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the discharge section of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The discharging part 82a of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a horizontally formed bottom part 822a having a discharge port 820a at the lower end of the side part 821a, as shown in FIG. 8A(A), for example. can do. At this time, the bottom surface portion 822a may be inclined downward, or the inclination angle may be increased. Moreover, such a discharge part 82a may have, for example, a connection mechanism that can be connected to a liquid delivery pipe (pipe, hose, etc.). Alternatively, the bottom portion may be inclined upward, that is, toward the interior of the receiving portion, or may be configured without the bottom portion. For example, by setting the size of the discharge port 820a so that the discharge amount (volumetric flow rate) of the fluid from the discharge section 82a is smaller than the introduction amount (volumetric flow rate) from the supply section, the fluid is transferred to the receiving section. The air bubbles can be retained in the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device for a required predetermined time in a sufficiently filled state, and a variable inertial force can be applied during this period.

As shown in FIG. 8A(B), the discharging part 82b of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a configuration in which the ends of the discharging part 82b expand outward. may be By having the expanded portion 822b without forming the bottom portion at the lower end of the side portion 821b in this way, it is possible to prevent the fluid from clogging the discharge portion. At this time, the extended portion 822b may be formed horizontally outward, or may be inclined so as to warp upward.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8A(C), the discharging portion 82c of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention is curved downward and outward from the lower end of the side portion 821c. It may have a substantially inverted bowl-shaped planar opening 822c. The opening 822c can also be designed to fit the shape of the mouth, for example, if the fluid discharge destination has a protruding mouth.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8A(D), the discharging part 82d of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a planar bottom part 822d at the lower end of the side part 821d. can do. By having a planar bottom portion 822d, the discharge portion 82d of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can, for example, be self-supporting, or the opening 820d can be discharged. It can be stably held near the bottom surface.

8A(A) in which the bottom portion 822a is not provided, or in a configuration in which the bottom portion is not provided as in FIGS. 8A(B) to (D), the viscosity of the fluid and the By setting the cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of the receiving part to a desired size and shape in consideration of the adhesiveness of is suppressed and stays in the vicinity of the discharge port, it becomes possible to apply a fluctuating inertial force substantially uniformly to the entire stagnant fluid in response to the swinging of the receiving portion.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8A(E), the discharge part 82e of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may have a plurality of discharge ports 820e1 and 820e2 formed in the bottom part 822e. . Of course, the positions and numbers of the outlets 820e1 and 820e2 are not limited to this mode. With such a configuration, the fluid can be dispersedly discharged from the plurality of discharge ports, so that it is possible to prevent the fluid from concentrating in one place. The bottom surface portion 822e may have a substantially V-shape in which the center protrudes upward (toward the inside of the receiving portion), or the protrusion may have a curved shape that protrudes upward. With such a shape, it is possible to prevent the fluid from staying in the bottom surface portion 822e. Of course, it is not excluded that the bottom surface portion 822e has a downward convex curved shape.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8A(F), the discharge part 82f of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed with a discharge port 820f below the side part 821f. Also, the bottom surface portion 822f may have a shape in which the central portion protrudes upward and the inclination gradually becomes gentler toward the outside. In addition, outlets 823f are also formed on both sides of the bottom surface portion 822f. With such a configuration, the fluid is distributed to the left and right or to the periphery of the bottom portion 822f, and is discharged from the side surface portion side discharge port 820f and the bottom portion side discharge port 823f formed on the left and right sides, respectively. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8B(G), the discharge part 82g of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has both ends of the bottom part 822g extending to the discharge port 820g on the side part 821g side. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which no discharge port is formed on the bottom surface. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8B(H), in the discharge part 82h of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the bottom part 822h exceed the discharge port 820h on the side part 821h side. It may be configured such that the bottom surface does not have a discharge port. At this time, the bottom portions 822f, 822g, and 822h may be substantially flat in the horizontal direction. By adopting such a structure, for example, when the fluid is discharged near the bottom surface of the formwork, it becomes possible to retain the fluid in the receiving portion, and to give the fluid a predetermined or greater swing. In addition, since the fluid is discharged from the side, it is possible to further prevent entrapped air from entering due to dropping. A variable inertial force may be applied, for example, in the horizontal direction.

Further, the discharge part 82i of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention may have two discharge ports 820i1 and 820i2, as shown in FIG. 8B(I), for example. With such a configuration, for example, the fluid can be evenly discharged in a plurality of directions. The horizontal cross-sectional area of each of the two split outlets 820i1 and 820i2 can be the same as or larger than the cross-sectional area before splitting. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8B(J), for example, the discharging part 82j of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has the bottom surface of the branching part 822j horizontal, and the upper part is the central part. It may be curved so as to protrude upward and gradually taper outward, and the side portion 821j around the branch portion 822j may be curved so as to swell outward along the branch portion 822j. . Moreover, depending on the shape of the branched portion, it may be curved inward. Also, of course, in each form, the number of discharge ports may be three or more, or may be formed over the entire circumference.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8B(K), the discharging part 82k of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has, for example, a receiving part formed in a cylindrical shape and a bottom part 822k having a bottom surface of The outlet 820k may be formed horizontally with the central portion protruding upward, and the discharge port 820k may be formed on the left and right below the side portion 821k or over the entire circumference. At this time, a discharge port 823k may also be formed on the bottom surface portion 822k on the left and right sides or over the entire circumference.

Specific examples of such a discharge portion are shown in FIGS. 8C(L) to 8C(O). For example, as shown in FIG. 8C(L), the discharging part 82l of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a receiving part 83l having a cylindrical shape and a bottom part 822l having a substantially triangular prism shape. By adopting such a shape, it is possible to form the discharge ports 820l on both side surfaces of the bottom portion. With such a configuration, the fluid is distributed to the left and right at the bottom portion 822l and discharged from the bottom portion both side discharge ports 820l formed on the left and right. The discharge port 823l may be formed by making the left and right sides of the bottom portion 822l shorter than the both side surfaces of the receiving portion 83l. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8C(M), the discharging part 82m of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a receiving part 83m shaped like a square tube and a bottom part 822m having a substantially triangular prism shape. It is good also as a shape which carried out.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8C(N), the discharging portion 82n of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a conical bottom portion 822n when the receiving portion 83n is cylindrical. Thus, the outlet 820n can be formed in all directions in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the receiving portion 83n. With such a configuration, the fluid is distributed in all directions in the circumferential direction at the bottom portion 822n and is discharged from the discharge ports 820n formed in the entire circumferential direction. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8C(O), the discharging portion 82o of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a bottom portion 822o formed in a pyramidal shape when the receiving portion 83o has a rectangular tubular shape. As a result, the discharge ports 820o can be formed in all directions in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the receiving portion 83o. With such a configuration, the fluid is distributed in all directions in the circumferential direction at the bottom surface portion 822o and is discharged from the discharge ports 820o formed in the entire circumferential direction. Of course, it is also possible to make the receiving portion cylindrical and the bottom portion pyramidal, or vice versa. Each bottom part may be formed so that the bottom part becomes less inclined outward from the apex, or a plurality of grooves may be formed in a spiral or circumferential direction so that the width gradually widens from the apex to the outer circumference. It is good also as a structure which is extended. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8C(P), each surface of the bottom portion may be curved inwardly or curved outwardly. The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical portion of the receiving portion and the bottom shape of the bottom portion may be the same shape or similar shapes. In addition, when the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical portion and the bottom surface shape of the bottom portion are polygonal, the number of corners may not necessarily be the same, and the positions of the corners in the circumferential direction may correspond to each other. It can be the same, or it can be different.

In FIG. 8C(O), the receiving portion is a cross-sectional view in which the bottom portion 822o is separated from the receiving portion main body 821o composed of the side portions and the like. It may be lifted from the center of the receiving portion main body 821o and fixed to the receiving portion main body 821o, or support pieces may be extended from the tops of the lower ends of the bottom surface portion 822o toward the respective tops of the lower ends of the receiving portion main body 821o for support. Alternatively, a support piece may be extended from the center of each side of the bottom surface of the bottom surface portion 822o toward the center of each piece at the lower end of the receiving portion main body 821o. may be extended so as to loosen downward. There is no particular limitation as long as the bottom surface portion 822o can be fixed to the receiving portion main body 821o. Alternatively, the bottom portion 822o may be driven separately without being connected to the receiving portion main body 821o. The receiving portion main body 821o (receiving portion + supply portion, or receiving portion only) may be driven without moving the bottom portion 822o, or the bottom portion 822o and the receiving portion main body 821o may be driven separately. , only the bottom portion 822o may be driven.

So far, several examples of the discharge part have been described, but when designing the discharge part, it is important to have a structure that does not cause clogging, although the fluid may be retained. As described above, the fluid may contain solids in the form of fine to coarse aggregates, etc., and the size of the opening on the discharge side of the receiver is smaller than the size of the opening on the supply side of the receiver. As a result, the space between the solids that had a margin near the opening on the supply side disappears near the opening on the discharge side, and the solids come into contact with each other and become clogged. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. The spacing between the solids in the vicinity is the same or larger near the opening on the discharge side, so that the spacing between the solids is maintained and clogging does not occur. Further, if openings are also provided on the side surfaces, the fluid will be discharged from the side surfaces as well, so that clogging with the fluid will be prevented. Even if the size of the opening on the discharge side is smaller than the size of the opening on the supply side of the receiving part, if there is sufficient space between the solids near the opening on the supply side, the opening on the discharge side In the vicinity, the space between solids is maintained and does not clog. The inner surface and the outer surface of the receiving part are provided with a coating or fine irregularities to impart properties such as water repellency, hydrophilicity, or lipophilicity, thereby improving the fluidity when the fluid adheres. may

Further, one aspect of the present invention may have a supporting portion that supports the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device. The support part is used, for example, when a filling device equipped with a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device is used by inserting it into a mold or the like. FIGS. 9A to 9C are cross-sectional views illustrating several aspects of the supporting portion of the device for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles according to one embodiment of the present invention. The support part 91a of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 90a according to one embodiment of the present invention can be configured to be suspended from the ceiling C, for example, as shown in FIG. 9(A). Alternatively, the structure may be suspended from a loading device such as a bucket used in concrete production, or may be configured to be suspended from a suspension machine such as a crane. Alternatively, the support portion 91b of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 90b according to an embodiment of the invention may be configured to be supported on a mold 92b as shown in FIG. 9B, for example. The supporting portion 91c of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 90c according to the embodiment may be configured to be supported on the ground G as shown in FIG. 9C, for example.

By having the supporting portion, it becomes easy to adjust the position of the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device. It is preferable that the air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is supported so that the discharging portion is close to the vicinity of the bottom surface of the formwork or the like. This is because the drop distance of the fluid discharged from the discharge portion can be shortened as much as possible, and entrapped air can be further prevented from entering. In addition, when the fluid is being discharged, by arranging the discharge part so as to be in contact with the fluid in the formwork, the fluid discharged from the discharge part can be discharged without falling into the formwork. can be done. At this time, the discharge part may also be raised in accordance with the rise of the liquid level of the fluid in the mold. Of course, when a liquid-sending pipe such as a tube is connected to the discharge portion, the tip of the liquid-sending pipe may similarly be brought into contact with the fluid in the mold.

Further, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention may have an avoidance part for avoiding contact with the structure in the mold. FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram showing an example of an air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention having an avoidance section. For example, in the case of concrete production, there are cases where structures such as reinforcing bars are arranged in a formwork. The bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may have an avoidance section 105 that avoids such a structure. With such a configuration, it is possible to insert the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 100 closer to the bottom surface of the mold while avoiding structures such as reinforcing bars and pipes. The falling distance of the fluid discharged from 1022 and 1023 can be shortened as much as possible, and entrapped air can be further prevented from entering.

FIG. 10B shows another modification of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention. So far, the receiving portion has mainly been described as having side portions, but the receiving portion does not necessarily need to have side portions. For example, as shown in FIG. 10B(A), a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100a according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a bottom portion 101a and a shaft portion 102a. Varying inertial force can be applied by swinging. Such a bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 100a can be applied, for example, to a case where the fluid has a high viscosity and does not easily flow out to the outside even without a side portion. , the side portion does not hinder the movement of a highly viscous fluid. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10B(B), the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100b according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a side surface portion 103b only near the bottom surface portion 101b. Alternatively, one or more holes 104b may be provided in the side surface 103b so that the fluid to which the fluctuating inertial force is applied is discharged to the outside.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10B(C), the bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100c according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a roof portion 103c in addition to the bottom portion 101c and the shaft portion 102c. . The roof portion 103c has, for example, a through hole through which fluid passes, and is arranged to cover the top of the bottom portion 101c. Such a configuration is effective in preventing the fluid from splashing upward when, for example, the fluid is vertically swung to apply a fluctuating inertial force, and the roof portion 103c and A fluctuating inertial force can be applied to the fluid in the space between the bottom portion 101c and the bottom portion 101c.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10B(D), the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 100d according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom surface portion 101d and a shaft portion 102d, and a shaft extending upward from the bottom surface portion 101d. It may have a turning portion 103d formed to turn around the portion 102d. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10B(E), a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100e according to an embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of hollow portions above the bottom portion 101e in addition to the bottom portion 101e and the shaft portion 102e. A configuration may be adopted in which the discs 103e and 105e are attached to the shaft portion 102e by a plurality of spokes 104e and 106e, respectively. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10B(F), a bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 100f according to an embodiment of the present invention covers at least a portion of the shaft portion 102f in addition to the bottom portion 101f and the shaft portion 102f. The cylindrical portion 103f may be provided. These structures serve as a guide function and/or a function to prevent excessive splashing of the fluid, for example, in addition to the vertical rocking motion, or in the case of imparting a variable inertia force in the rotational direction alone. can also

Furthermore, in one aspect of the present invention, conditions other than those described above may be further set in the variable inertia force applying mechanism to control the variable inertia force. For example, by heating or cooling the fluid, it is possible to change the interfacial tension of the internal bubbles and the internal pressure of the bubbles, thereby controlling the fluctuating inertial force so as to facilitate miniaturization. Alternatively, pressurization or decompression may be performed when the variable inertial force is applied. Further, the impact may be applied by applying an impulse and/or an impact to the fluid when applying the variable inertia force. When an impact is applied to the fluid, the bubbles in the fluid receive an impact pressure and are more likely to collapse. Impulse can be generated by applying vibration to the fluid in a waveform such as a rectangular wave or a sawtooth wave. Alternatively, a shock wave may be applied. The impact can also be achieved by configuring the system so that an object that vibrates together with the fluid collides with the object that is relatively displaced and the fluid that is being shaken.

Here, the mode of use of the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a process of applying a varying inertial force to a fluid in an air bubble miniaturization/defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, as an example, a case of producing concrete by solidifying ready-mixed concrete in a mold will be taken as an example. Note that FIG. 11A is a diagram for explaining a mode of use, and the size, shape, and scale of each configuration are not necessarily limited to the contents of FIG. 11A.

The prepared fluid 111 is injected into a mold 113, for example. That is, ready-mixed concrete 111 is thrown into mold 113 from bucket 112 . Conventionally, entrapped air was generated when the fluid (ready-mixed concrete) 111 dropped into the mold 113 because it was thrown from a predetermined height.

Therefore, when the fluid 111 is injected into the mold 113, the inertial force fluctuates while introducing the fluid 111 into the mold 113 using the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 114 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Try to give F. That is, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 114 introduces a fluid (freshly mixed concrete) 111 from the inlet 115 of the bucket 112 to the vicinity of the bottom surface 116 inside the mold 113, and the fluid 111 acts as a microbubble defoaming device. A fluctuating inertial force F is applied to the fluid 111 until it is discharged from 114 . The bubble miniaturization/defoaming device 114 is preferably designed based on the conditions described above so that the most suitable fluctuating inertial force is applied to the bubbles contained in the fluid 111 . Further, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 114 may be appropriately changed according to the degree of filling of the mold 113 with the fluid 111 . As a result, air bubbles on the surface and inside of the fluid can be made finer, and entrapped air can be prevented from entering, resulting in efficient production of high-quality products with good appearance. be able to. In addition, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is particularly suitable for the production of precast concrete, where the formwork has a large capacity and weight, and the formwork itself has a variable inertial force. can be suitably applied when it is difficult to impart Furthermore, in addition to the fluctuating inertial force, by locally vibrating the receptor, the sliding resistance between the inner peripheral surface of the receptor and the fluid 111 is reduced, and the flow against the receptor is reduced. The fluidity of body 111 can be improved. As a configuration for locally vibrating and/or impacting the receptor, a configuration in which a device for applying local vibration and/or impact is provided at one or a plurality of locations on the outer peripheral surface of the receptor is conceivable. For example, a vibration motor or the like can be provided on the outer peripheral surface. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11B, the local vibration and/or impact applying device 110b can be configured with a hollow bottomed cylindrical portion 111b and a movable body 113b housed in the hollow portion 112b. The cylindrical portion 111b is, for example, cylindrical, and the movable body 113b is, for example, spherical. The cylindrical portion 111b is attached to the outer peripheral surface 115b of the receiving portion on the side opposite to the bottom portion 114b. mounted at an angle to the A wall portion 117b parallel to the bottom portion 114b is formed on the mounting portion 116b side of the hollow portion 112b. The movable body 113b has a slightly smaller diameter than the hollow portion 112b, and is movable in the hollow portion 112b in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder portion 111b between the bottom portion 114b and the wall portion 117b. By providing such a local vibration and/or impact applying device 110b, for example, by rocking the receiving portion up and down and/or left and right, the movable body 113b in the cylindrical portion 111b moves, causing local vibration. and/or impact. The device for applying local vibration and/or impact may be placed above, below, or in the center of the receiving part. It may be arranged so as to surround the periphery of the outer peripheral surface of the receiving portion.

Of course, the device for miniaturizing and defoaming air bubbles according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the production of precast concrete. By introducing the fluid (ready-mixed concrete) through means for applying force, the air bubbles are made finer, and a high-quality concrete product with good appearance can be produced. In addition, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to a product or the like that is molded using a mold other than the concrete described above. Depending on the type and properties of the fluid, the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device may have a mechanism for degassing or pumping the fluid when the fluid is introduced into the mold.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the process of applying a varying inertial force to the fluid in the bubble miniaturization and defoaming apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the air bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention, when the fluid 121 is flowed from the storage part 122 into the mold 123 through the introduction pipe 125 by the liquid feeding mechanism 124, the introduction pipe 125 has a variable An inertial force F can be provided. For example, the reservoir 122 is a mixer truck, the liquid feeding mechanism 124 is a pump truck, and the introduction pipe 125 is a pumping pipe. The liquid-sending mechanism 124 is not necessarily required, and depending on the situation, the fluid 121 may be sent by the action of gravity based on the difference in elevation. The fluctuating inertial force F by the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device may be applied to the fluid 61 in the introduction pipe 125 from the outside, or the fluid 121 inside may be applied to the fluid 61 inside the introduction pipe 125 by operating the introduction pipe 125 itself. inertial force F may be applied. The material of the introduction pipe 125 is not particularly limited as long as it can impart a variable inertial force F to the fluid 121 inside, and it may be a flexible tube, a steel pipe, or a plastic pipe. good. Further, the bubble miniaturization and defoaming device according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to concrete flooring as shown in FIG. 12, but can also be applied to walls and ceilings.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The procedure for fabricating the specimen, the procedure for applying vibration, and the procedure for recording and photographing when wet concrete is selected as the fluid will be described below. Of course, as described above, the present invention is not limited at all by the type of fluid, the blending ratio, the amount of production, etc. in the examples. , work procedures, protocols, recipes, etc., may be used as appropriate. Also, the vibration procedure and the recording procedure are merely examples. In addition, in the present embodiment, the foam miniaturization and defoaming device is replaced with a formwork.

［手順２］
直径１００ｍｍ、高さ１００ｍｍの円筒状のコンクリート供試体成形型枠を、専用の型枠ホルダに入れた。
［手順３］
型枠の中に、事前によく混練した生コンクリートを所要重量の約２ｋｇだけ注入した。
［手順４］
注入した生コンクリートを突き棒によってよく均すというのが従来の手順であるが、突き棒でかき混ぜて均すという工程を適用すると、混ぜ方によって気泡が残ったり、残らなかったりする上、残った気泡の大きさの相違に対しても影響を及ぼして定量化を困難にすると共に、気泡の微小化を計測する上で、かき混ぜによって元々の気泡が消泡化され過ぎる場合、気泡の微細化効果や消泡効果を測るという目的を果たせなくなるので、突き棒によるかき混ぜ工程は非実施とした。そこで、手順４としては、型枠内に注入された流動体である生コンクリートに対して、発泡スチロール片を、型枠と専用の型枠ホルダとの間に挟み込んで、専用の型枠ホルダの外側面を木槌を用いて叩くことで間接的に微小な衝撃振動を加え型枠内に生コンクリートが概ね行き渡るようにした。
［手順５］
この未硬化状態で供試体とした。振動等を印加する際には、加振機の振動ステージ上に供試体を型枠ごと配設して振動ステージに対して固定した。
［手順６］
この状態で、予め設定された振動条件に沿って供試体に対して鉛直方向の単振動を印加した。
［手順７］
加振後は、速やかに振動ステージから流動体を型枠ごと取り外して、非振動系にて必要十分な養生期間だけ静置した。
［手順８］
脱型の際には、モールドを台の上に置いて、型枠のハーフカットに沿って、型枠を割きつつ、供試体を型枠から脱型した。
［手順９］
脱型された供試体は、回転ステージの中心上に配置され、水平面内において回転ステージを所定の回転角度毎に回転させながら都度、供試体の周面を正面からの定点から写真撮影し、全周相当分以上に亘って写真を撮って記録した。
［手順１０］
各試験体毎に全周分撮影された画像の内、最も大きな気泡がより多く残存している位相からの周面画像を各振動条件毎に表に整理した。 [Step 1]
Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water were thoroughly kneaded in the weight ratio shown in Table 1 to prepare ready-mixed concrete.

[Step 2]
A cylindrical concrete specimen forming form with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 100 mm was placed in a dedicated form holder.
[Step 3]
About 2 kg of the required weight of ready-mixed concrete, which had been thoroughly mixed beforehand, was poured into the formwork.
[Step 4]
The conventional procedure is to level the poured ready-mixed concrete well with a ram, but if you apply the process of stirring and leveling with a ram, depending on the mixing method, air bubbles may or may not remain, and some may remain. It also affects the difference in bubble size, making quantification difficult, and in measuring the miniaturization of bubbles, if the original bubbles are too defoamed by stirring, the bubble miniaturization effect Since the purpose of measuring the antifoaming effect could not be achieved, the stirring process with a stick was not implemented. Therefore, as step 4, for the ready-mixed concrete, which is a fluid injected into the mold, a piece of polystyrene foam is sandwiched between the mold and a dedicated mold holder, and is removed from the dedicated mold holder. By tapping the sides with a wooden mallet, a small amount of impact vibration was indirectly applied so that the ready-mixed concrete was generally distributed within the formwork.
[Step 5]
This uncured state was used as a test piece. When applying vibration or the like, the specimen was placed on the vibration stage of the vibration exciter together with the formwork and fixed to the vibration stage.
[Step 6]
In this state, a simple vibration in the vertical direction was applied to the test piece under preset vibration conditions.
[Step 7]
After the vibration was applied, the fluid together with the formwork was quickly removed from the vibration stage and allowed to stand for a necessary and sufficient curing period in a non-vibration system.
[Step 8]
At the time of demolding, the mold was placed on a stand, and the specimen was demolded from the mold while splitting the mold along the half cut of the mold.
[Step 9]
The demolded test piece is placed on the center of the rotating stage, and the rotating stage is rotated by a predetermined rotation angle in the horizontal plane. Photographs were taken and recorded over a period of more than the equivalent of a full lap.
[Procedure 10]
Among the images taken for the entire circumference of each test body, the peripheral surface images from the phase where the largest number of bubbles remained were arranged in a table for each vibration condition.

The time was constant, and vibration was applied with a total amplitude of 1.0 to 5.0 mm in increments of 0.5 mm for each frequency condition of 10, 20, and 30 Hz. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 13, under vibration conditions of 1 [G] or less or close to 1 [G], the bubbles are hardly made finer and remain as they were. Further, when an acceleration of a predetermined value or more is applied, there are no bubbles of a large size that should have existed from the beginning, and on the other hand, relatively small bubbles that have been subdivided remain. The amplitude here means the total amplitude (peak to peak), which corresponds to twice the so-called normal amplitude.

Next, in FIG. 13, for vibration conditions with a vibration frequency of 20 Hz and a total amplitude of 3.5 mm at 30 Hz, which are conditions in which bubbles are finely miniaturized, the excitation time is 30 seconds to 60 seconds, respectively. Vibration was applied at intervals of 60 seconds from 60 seconds to 300 seconds. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 14, at 20 Hz, bubbles of a size remaining at 30 seconds remain almost evenly from 60 seconds to 300 seconds thereafter. In other words, even if vibration with a constant amplitude and constant acceleration and a corresponding constant frequency is continuously applied, a larger size than originally existing (a relatively large target before excitation) will be generated. It can be seen that although the bubbles are uniformly defoamed, smaller bubbles below a certain size may remain.

Next, in FIG. 13, the vibration condition of the total amplitude of 3.5 mm at the frequency of 30 Hz, which is the condition in which the bubbles are relatively finely divided, is vibrated for 30 seconds, and the total amplitude is further continued. While decreasing the thickness to 0.4 mm, the vibration frequency was set to an appropriate value from 30 Hz to 262 Hz, and vibration was applied for 30 seconds in the post-process. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 15, although it seems that the bubbles are partially fined or defoamed to some extent, in fact, the bubbles of the size that remained in the previous step remain after the post-step. It is thought that there are In other words, it can be seen that if the amplitude of the vibration is too small compared to the size of the bubble, the bubble will not be fined or eliminated even if a significantly large vibration frequency or acceleration is applied.

Furthermore, in FIG. 13, the vibration condition is the total amplitude of 3.5 mm at the frequency of 20 Hz, that is, the acceleration is 2.8 [G]. Time, i.e., 180 seconds of vibration for the previous process, followed by vibration conditions where the acceleration is constant at 2.8 [G], and the total amplitude is reduced from 1.8 mm to 1 0.0 mm in steps of 0.2 mm and vibrated for an additional 120 seconds as a post-process. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 16, the acceleration in both the pre-process and the post-process is set to 2.8 [G], which is moderately larger than 1 [G], and the amplitude of the post-process is set to about half that of the pre-process. , As a result, although the bubbles of the maximum size that existed in the non-vibration state that would have remained in the previous process were subdivided, the bubbles of the size that remained as subdivided bubbles , after the post-process, further subdivision proceeded almost uniformly, and it was found to be fine. On the other hand, it can be seen that more minute air bubbles remain in common to any specimen that has undergone the other processes. In other words, it can be said that small-sized bubbles remain that do not react under vibration conditions with an amplitude of about 1.0 mm to 1.8 mm. In order to make these fine bubbles even finer, a vibration with a smaller amplitude and a constant acceleration or more should be applied.

In FIG. 16, relatively large-sized bubbles in the specimen with an amplitude of 1.8 mm in the post-process are bubbles that remain after the pre-process and the post-process and are residual bubbles. The kind of air bubbles that can remain without being finely divided is rarely seen especially when the fluid that is the vibration receiving body contains fine aggregates and coarse aggregates in the paste-like fluid. is. In order to collapse this type of residual air bubbles, it is effective to destroy the air bubble trapping structure formed by the aggregate surrounding the residual air bubble, especially the coarse aggregate. It is preferable to resonate by applying vibration of the natural frequency of the aggregate.

Next, in FIG. 13, the vibration condition of the total amplitude of 3.5 mm at the frequency of 30 Hz, that is, the acceleration of 6.3 [G], which is the condition in which the bubbles are relatively finely divided, was applied for 180 seconds. On the other hand, in the post-process, the frequency is set to 42 Hz as a condition for maintaining the acceleration at 6.3 [G] while further reducing the total amplitude to 1.8 mm, which is about half the amplitude in the previous process. Vibration was applied for 120 seconds. The results are summarized in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 17, the acceleration in both the pre-process and the post-process is set to 6.3 [G], which is sufficiently larger than 1 [G], and the amplitude of the post-process is set to about half that of the pre-process. , As a result, although the bubbles of the maximum size that existed in the non-vibration state that would have remained in the previous process were subdivided, the bubbles of the size that remained as subdivided bubbles , after the post-process, further subdivision proceeded almost uniformly, and it was found to be fine. Of course, if you look closely at the surface, you can see the microscopic bubbles left as a result of the progress of microminiaturization. The size of the remaining microbubbles is less than 0.7 mm, which is sufficiently acceptable for concrete products. Further, as can be seen from the results of FIGS. 16 and 17, on the premise that the vibration conditions are appropriate, the vibration conditions, that is, the amplitude is reduced according to the target bubble size as the vibration time elapses. It can be said that it is effective to transition the vibration frequency so as to keep the acceleration above a certain level while moving forward.

As another example, a fluid consisting only of cement, fine aggregate, and water, but not including coarse aggregate, was poured into a rectangular parallelepiped mold, and immediately after that, the total amplitude was 2.0 mm and the frequency was 30 Hz. FIG. 18 summarizes the results of applying vibration in the vertical direction to each formwork. In this example, since there is no coarse aggregate in the fluid, if the vibration is continued for a predetermined time or longer, the bubbles are made finer and defoamed to the extent that they are almost invisible.

11 fluid, 12 foam, 13 mold, 20 (20A, 20B) foam, 30 fluid, 31 coarse aggregate, 32 fine aggregate, 33 mortar, 34 foam, 40 fluid, 41 foam, 42 coarse aggregate , 43 mortar 50, 60a, 60b, 100 bubble miniaturization and defoaming device 51, 61a, 61b, 101 supply unit 52, 62a, 62b, 1021, 1022, 1023 discharge unit 53, 63a, 63b, 103 Induction section 54, 64a, 64b, 104 Variable inertia force applying mechanism 65, 66 Movable passage 67, 68 Fixed passage 71a-d Supply section 82a-d Discharge section 90a-c Miniaturization and elimination of air bubbles Apparatus, 91a-c support part, 92a-c formwork, 105 avoidance part, 111 fluid (ready-mixed concrete), 112 bucket, 113 formwork (mold), 114 means for imparting variable inertial force, 115 injection mouth, 116 bottom surface, 121 fluid, 122 reservoir, 123 formwork, 124 liquid transfer mechanism, 125 introduction pipe

Claims (9)

supplying the fluid to the receptacle;
applying a variable inertial force to the fluid supplied to the receiver;
a step of stopping the application of the variable inertial force and molding in the receiving section;
solidifying the fluid in the receptacle;
with
Depending on the physical and / or chemical attributes of the fluid and / or the physical and / or chemical attributes of the bubbles, the variation width of the variable inertia force per unit time A method for producing a solidified body, wherein control is performed by one or more conditions selected from the number of fluctuations, the time or number of repeated fluctuations, and acceleration. supplying the fluid to the receptacle;
applying a variable inertial force to the fluid supplied to the receiver;
facilitating discharge of the fluid from the receptacle by the fluctuating inertial force and filling the mold with the fluid;
solidifying the fluid in the mold;
A method for producing a solidified body, comprising: The fluid flows within the receiving portion so as to be supplied from the upstream side of the receiving portion and discharged from the downstream side, and the fluctuating inertial force is applied when flowing within the receiving portion. The method for producing a solidified body according to claim 2. 3. The solidification manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the fluid is discharged from at least a part of the circumference of the bottom surface of the receiving part. 3. The method for producing a solidified body according to claim 1, wherein the fluctuating inertial force is uniformly applied to the entire fluid at the same time. 3. The method for producing a solidified body according to claim 1, wherein the variable inertial force is applied in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction. 3. The solidified body according to claim 1, wherein the variable inertial force is controlled according to one or more conditions selected from viscosity, specific gravity, and size of the bubbles of the fluid. Production method. 3. The solidified body according to claim 1, wherein the fluctuating inertial force is controlled by simultaneously controlling the fluctuation width and the fluctuation number in accordance with the elapse of the time or the number of times of the repeated fluctuation. manufacturing method. A solidified body manufactured using the method for manufacturing a solidified body according to claim 1 or 2.

Images