JP2019187379A - Combine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a combine capable of reducing a threshing load and enhancing working capacity by reducing an engine load.SOLUTION: A combine comprises dust feeding adjustment means (18) for adjusting threshing processing objects including waste straw or dust generated by receiving action of a thresh (15) in a threshing chamber (14) between a state for promoting transfer of the threshing processing objects to a rear side of the threshing chamber 14 and a state for applying resistance to transfer of the threshing processing objects to the rear side of the threshing chamber (14). The combine further comprises control means for increasing transport speed of a feed chain (8) of a threshing part (7) due to high load on an engine, and adjusting the dust feeding adjustment means (18) to a side for promoting transfer to the rear side of the threshing chamber (14) in reaping and threshing works with low speed. When any of transport speed of the feed chain (8) and layer thickness of transported grain culm is not detected, the dust feeding adjustment means (18) is actuated by a constant amount to a direction for decreasing transfer speed to a rear side of the threshing chamber (14).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine.

  Conventionally, for example, according to Patent Document 1, the threshing feed chain of the reaping part and the threshing part is speed-rotated and driven by a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) so as to be proportional to the traveling vehicle speed. In addition, the rotation speed of the cutting part and the threshing feed chain can be increased by operating the operating means, for example, when the falling of the cereal is severe relative to the traveling vehicle speed. Thus, a technique is disclosed in which cereals are quickly raised, harvested and conveyed, quickly transferred to the threshing unit, and sent through the threshing unit quickly to perform threshing treatment.

JP 2004-121099 A

  High loads during low-speed work often occur under bad field conditions. However, since the work is performed at a low speed, it is often difficult to solve the problem even if the work speed is slowed down.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the threshing load by controlling the threshing adjustment of the threshing portion in a direction to send it faster, and to prevent the engine load from being reduced and the work efficiency from being lowered.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a treatment room (14) for a threshing processed product containing dust and grains such as sawdust generated by the action of the treatment cylinder (15) in the treatment room (14). In a combine equipped with a dust feeding adjustment means (18) that can be adjusted to a state that facilitates rearward transfer and a state that resists transfer to the handling chamber (14) rearward,
At the time of mowing and threshing at low speed, the conveying speed of the feed chain (8) of the threshing section (7) is increased due to the high load of the engine, and the dust feeding adjusting means (18) is used in the handling chamber (14). Control means for adjusting to the side for promoting rearward transfer is provided.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, when either the transport speed of the feed chain (8) or the layer thickness of the transported cereal is not detected, the dust feeding adjusting means (18) is used as a handling chamber. (14) It is characterized by being configured to operate a certain amount in the direction of slowing the backward transfer speed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, in the hand-working state in which the hand-cut cereal meal is supplied to the feed chain (8), the feeding speed by the dust feeding adjusting means (18) is reduced. It is characterized by having a configuration in which a certain amount of operation is performed in the direction of movement.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cutting operation is performed at a low speed under such bad conditions that the planted culm in the field is lying down. At this time, when the engine load becomes high, the feed chain speed is increased to thin the layer of cereals to be threshed, and the threshing is adjusted by adjusting the dust feeding adjusting means to the side that promotes the rearward transfer from the set position. By quickly sending out the processed material, it is possible to reduce the threshing load, and thus improve the work efficiency by reducing the engine load.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, when the combine is turned or stopped, the amount of processed material in the handling chamber is extremely reduced, so that the dust feeding adjusting means is handled. By adjusting to the side that resists the transfer to the rear of the chamber, the processing time in the handling chamber becomes longer, the grain leakage is promoted, and the threshing loss is processed by processing on the front side of the swing sorting shelf. Can be prevented from increasing.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect, during the handling operation, by operating the dust feeding adjusting means to the side where the feeding speed is slowed down, The increase in threshing loss can be prevented by facilitating the leakage of the grain at the front and enabling the processing at the front side of the swing sorting shelf as much as possible.

Combine side view Top view of the combine Combine front view Side sectional view of the main part of the threshing section Front sectional view of the threshing section Bottom view showing the barrel cover and dust delivery valve Top view of the operation panel Side view showing feed chain and drive mechanism Combine side view flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart (A) and (B) are side views of the swing sorting shelf Top view of swing sorting shelf flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart flowchart

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3 show a five-row self-removing combine that harvests and thresh while self-propelled stalks raised in a field, and a pair of left and right traveling devices, that is, a traveling crawler 2, In the front side of the vehicle body 1 provided with 2, the cereals that have been weeded by the weeding tool 3 are raised, raised by the device 4, cut by the cutting blade device 5, sandwiched and conveyed rearward and upward, and the threshing part (threshing) The apparatus is provided with a reaping section 6 for threshing the cereal straw supplied to the feed chamber 8 by the feed chain 8 and the reaping section 6.

  An operation box 9 and a driver's seat 10 are provided on the side of the mowing unit 4, and a grain tank 12 for temporarily storing the threshed grain is disposed behind the operation box 9, and the stored grain is discharged out of the machine. A discharge auger 13 is provided. Below the driver's seat 10 is mounted an engine E that drives each part of the working unit. A power steering lever 11A is provided on the front side of the operation box 9 so as to control the up-and-down movement of the cutting part and the horizontal direction of movement, and the lateral side of the operation box controls the traveling speed of the aircraft in the front-rear direction. An HST lever 11B is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the threshing unit 7 includes a rotatable handling cylinder 15 in the handling chamber 14, and the cereals supplied by the feed chain 8 are transferred between the handling cylinder 15 and the receiving net 16. Threshing is to be processed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, inside the barrel cover 17 that can be swingably opened and closed, a dust feeding valve (dust feeding adjusting means) that promotes the transfer of the threshing processed product to be threshed in the handling chamber 14 toward the rear. Reference numeral 18 is configured to be able to adjust the feed angle. The dust feed valve 18 is composed of a plurality of pieces, is pivotally supported so as to be swingable and openable about a support shaft 19, and is operated by a reciprocating motion of the interlocking member 20. When each dust delivery valve 18 is operated in the direction of arrow (A), the direction of opening the dust delivery valve, that is, the feed angle is increased to increase the speed of dust delivery, and when operated in the direction of arrow (B), the dust delivery valve In the closing direction, that is, the feed angle becomes smaller and the dust feeding speed becomes slower. The slower the speed, the more the processing in the handling chamber can be performed. The dust feed valve 18 is swingably opened and closed by a dust feed adjustment drive motor 22 via a pinion gear 23, a drive gear 24, and a dust feed adjustment drive shaft 25.

  The potentiometer 26 detects the dust feed adjustment position of the dust feed valve 18. The dust-feeding adjustment manual setting switch 27 is provided on the operation panel 28 of the operation box 9 (FIG. 7). The feed angle of the dust feed valve can be adjusted arbitrarily by operating the manual setting switch.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the feed chain 8 transmits power through a drive sprocket 31 by an HST (hydraulic continuously variable transmission) 30 dedicated to feed chain drive, and is continuously shifted. In addition, the HST 30 performs shift control only on the feed chain 8 alone, but this can arbitrarily increase / decrease the threshing feed chain by operating the HST trunnion arm with a shift motor. It is also possible to control the shift of the feed chain by driving the HST in conjunction with the vehicle speed.

  During low-speed work under bad conditions in the field, if the conveying speed of the threshing section 7 by the feed chain 8 is increased due to the high load of the engine E, the threshing layer is reduced in thickness and fast-forwarded. The load on the engine is reduced, but if this load reduction is insufficient, the dust delivery valve 18 in the handling chamber is adjusted to the side that feeds faster than the set position to quickly send out the dust. As a result, the work efficiency is improved as the threshing load is reduced, and as the engine load is reduced.

  In addition, during the work, the threshing operation is continued even when the vehicle is turning or stopped, but at this time, the state in which there is no culm conveyed by the feed chain 8 (zero state), or the conveyance of the feed chain If the speed is “zero”, that is, if it is in a stopped state or if one of the states is detected, there will be less processed material in the handling chamber, so the side that slows the dust feed speed, that is, the dust feed By operating a certain amount in the direction of decreasing the feed angle of the valve 18, the processing time in the handling chamber is lengthened.

  It should be noted that when turning on a headland in a field, if the cutting unit 6 is raised to a predetermined level or more, the cutting clutch is cut off, the operation of the cutting unit is stopped, and the rotation of the feed chain 8 is also stopped. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the processed material leaking from the receiving net 16 is oscillated and sorted by an oscillating sorting device (oscillating sorting shelf) 33 provided from the lower part of the handling chamber to the rear. .

  The swing sorting shelf 33 includes a transfer shelf 34, a chaff sheave 35, and a stroll rack 36 from the upper side, and a glenshave 37 below the chaff sheave 35. On the transfer shelf 34, a layer thickness sensor 38 for detecting the layer thickness of the amount of processed material falling from the handling chamber is provided. A treatment cylinder 32 is provided in parallel with the treatment cylinder 15 on the side of the tip side of the treatment room.

  Below the swing sorting shelf 33, there are provided a tang 39, a first transfer spiral 40, a first return shelf 41, a second transfer spiral 42, a second return shelf 43, a dust exhaust fan 44 and the like in order from the front side.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the state of cutting and threshing while self-propelled, a handle lever 45 is provided above the start end of the feed chain 8 so that it becomes difficult to handle and supply the cereal. When the hand-harvested cereals are artificially supplied into the handling chamber, the handle lever 45 is pushed upward and rearward to open the upper portion of the feed chain 8 at the upper end. At the same time, the hand-handling mode switch is turned on so that the feed chain 8 can be switched from the shift control state linked to the vehicle speed to the hand-handling mode that rotates at a constant speed.

  As described above, when the work is in a hand-held state, a certain amount of operation is performed in the direction of slowing the dust feed speed in the handling chamber 14, that is, the direction of closing the dust feed valve 18 (small feed angle). It is configured. During hand-handling work, the side of slowing down the dust feed adjustment in the handling chamber should promote grain leakage in the handling chamber so that it can be processed as far as possible on the front side of the swing sorting shelf. Thus, an increase in threshing loss can be prevented.

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, the rotational speed (A) information of the engine can be extracted, and the waste driving device of the waste transport chain 46 is driven by belt transmission. (B) In a combine capable of extracting information and automatically adjusting the vehicle speed, such as driving the HST lever with a motor via the position (C), the ratio of the rotational speed of the exhaust drive device to the engine rotation is constant time, When it changes more than a certain amount, a buzzer or a monitor display gives an alarm, and the HST lever drive motor is driven so that the value of the HST lever position (C) becomes a constant value, thereby reducing the vehicle speed by a certain rate. The alarm is stopped when the ratio of the number of rotations of the exhaust drive device to the engine rotation is restored within the normal range, and the vehicle body is stopped by operating the HST lever 11B when not recovered. In the case of remote monitoring, the data is transferred to the monitor or terminal of the monitoring destination. Further, since the evacuation drive device is driven by a belt, belt slip can be detected and notified to an operator or a remote monitor.

  Similar to the waste driving device, the cutter driving device of the waste cutter 47, the drum driving device of the drum 15, the processing drum driving device of the processing drum 32, the dust fan driving device of the dust fan 44, and the swing sorting shelf 33. The same operation and effect as described above can be achieved even when the swing sorting shelf driving device of No. 1 and the Kara 39 of the Kara 39 are driven by belt transmission.

  Engine speed information can be extracted. Drive devices such as No. 1 cereal, No. 2 cereal, dust removal fan, evacuation conveyance chain, handling cylinder, processing cylinder, swing sorting shelf, evacuation cutter, tang It is driven by belt transmission, and it is possible to extract the rotational speed information at multiple locations in each drive unit, and the engine rotation in the combine that can automatically adjust the vehicle speed, such as driving the HST lever with the motor through the position. If at least one part of the rotation rate ratio of each drive unit changes over a certain amount for a certain period of time, an alarm is issued with a buzzer or monitor display (the location where the rotation speed is abnormal is displayed on the monitor, or the rotation speed is abnormal) The occurrence location and date / time are recorded on a recording medium), and the vehicle speed is reduced by a certain percentage. The alarm can be stopped when the rotational speed ratio of the part determined to be abnormal in the rotational speed ratio of each driving device with respect to the engine speed is recovered within the normal range, and the vehicle body can be stopped when the rotational speed ratio is not recovered (see FIG. 11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13).

  As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the rear end portion of the swing sorting shelf 33 that sorts the grains and swarf of the threshing product, that is, the front end portion of the second return shelf 43 is adjustable to be movable in the vertical direction. A plate 48 is provided, and the adjustment plate 48 is configured to move up and down along the guide 49. The wire cable 50 is pushed up by a spring from the lower side and pulled down downward, and the other end of the wire cable 50 is connected to the plate adjustment motor 51. The height of the second return shelf 43 can be adjusted. In FIG. 14A, the adjustment plate is raised, and in FIG. 14B, the adjustment plate is lowered.

  In conjunction with the vertical movement of the cutting part, when the cutting part rises above a certain level (cutting height sensor position detection), the control plate 48 at the tip of the second return shelf is raised (spring repulsion action). To do. When the cutting part is lowered, the adjustment plate 48 is slightly lowered after a certain time (against the spring), and the tip of the second return shelf 43 is set to the intermediate height, and further, the control is performed so that it reaches the lowermost end after a certain time. (Refer to the flowchart of FIG. 16).

  According to the control described above, if the sorting on the swing sorting shelf is biased due to the movement of the aircraft, such as when turning or backing, the wrinkles that cannot leak downward will scatter from the rear of the swing sorting shelf and be lost. Can be prevented.

  Further, by gradually lowering the tip of the second return shelf raised by the adjustment plate, it is possible to prevent the sorted matter collected at the tip of the second return shelf from being discharged at a stretch and increasing loss.

  When the harvesting work for one stroke is completed and the grain sensor 28 for detecting the presence or absence of grain straws detects OFF, the vehicle body is temporarily stopped or the headland is lowered to a predetermined value or less and the next harvesting is performed. The process shifts to the work process, but the culm sensor and the adjustment plate of the reaper acting in this way are interlocked, and when the culm sensor is turned off, the adjustment plate 48 of the second return shelf is raised. In the case of control and ON, the adjustment plate 48 can be controlled to the standard position (see the flowchart of FIG. 17).

  In the above configuration, when the cereal sensor is turned on, the tip of the second return shelf can be set to the intermediate height after a certain time, and further can be controlled to the lowermost end after a certain time ((flowchart in FIG. 18). reference).

Moreover, in the combine which enabled adjustment of the 2nd return shelf tip height as mentioned above,
When the HST lever is operated in the back direction by the back position sensor ON in conjunction with the HST lever operation amount, the control plate 48 at the top of the second return shelf is controlled to be raised, and when the back position is OFF, the tip of the second return shelf The adjustment plate is controlled to the standard position (see the flowchart in FIG. 19).

  In addition, when the HST lever moves forward from the back, control is performed so that the adjustment plate at the tip of the second return shelf is set to the intermediate height position after a certain time, and further, the adjustment plate is set to the lowered position after a certain time (see FIG. 20 flowchart).

  In the above configuration, in conjunction with the HST lever operation amount (operation amount), when the HST lever is operated to the neutral position, the control plate 48 of the second return shelf tip is controlled to be raised, and when it is not the neutral position, The adjustment plate is controlled to return to the standard position (see the flowchart in FIG. 21). When the HST lever moves from the back or neutral position, control is performed as shown in the flowchart of FIG.

  In a combine that can adjust the height of the 2nd return shelf tip, it is linked with the amount of operation of the HST lever, and when the HST lever is operated from the neutral to the slow forward position, it is controlled to raise the 2nd return adjustment plate. When the intermediate speed is reached, the adjustment plate is controlled to the standard position (see the flowchart of FIG. 22).

  Also, in a combine that can adjust the height of the adjustment plate, when the HST lever is operated from the neutral position to the slow forward position, control is performed to raise the second adjustment plate, but the HST lever becomes higher than the medium speed. In such a case, it is possible to control the second return shelf tip adjustment plate to an intermediate height after a certain period of time and further to adjust the adjustment plate to the lowest position after a certain period of time (see FIG. 23).

  In the combine having the layer thickness sensor 38 on the swing sorting shelf 33, the layer thickness sensor 38 and the adjustment plate 48 at the second return shelf tip are interlocked so that the layer thickness sensor reduces the amount of processed material on the swing sorting shelf (low). When the area is detected, the adjustment plate is controlled to the raised position, the adjustment plate is controlled to the middle position in the middle area, and lowered in the high area (refer to the flowchart in FIG. 24). When the processing amount decreases, the occurrence of the third loss can be reduced by raising the second return shelf tip.

E Engine 6 Cutting part 7 Threshing part (threshing device)
8 Feed chain 14 Handling chamber 17 Handling cylinder cover 18 Dust feed valve (Dust feed adjusting means)
19 Support shaft 20 Interlocking member 22 Dust feed adjustment drive motor 25 Dust feed adjustment drive shaft 27 Dust feed adjustment manual setting switch 30 HST for feed chain drive
31 Drive sprocket

Claims (3)

A state of promoting the rearward movement of the handling chamber (14) with respect to the threshing processed product including dust and grains such as sawdust generated by the action of the handling cylinder (15) in the handling chamber (14) In the combine provided with the dust feeding adjusting means (18) which can be adjusted to a state in which resistance to the rearward transfer to the handling chamber (14) is applied,
At the time of mowing and threshing at low speed, the conveying speed of the feed chain (8) of the threshing section (7) is increased due to the high load of the engine, and the dust feeding adjusting means (18) is used in the handling chamber (14). A combine having control means for adjusting to a side that promotes rearward transfer.   When either the transport speed of the feed chain (8) or the layer thickness of the transported cereal is not detected, the dust feed adjusting means (18) is moved in the direction of decreasing the transport speed to the rear of the handling chamber (14). The combine according to claim 1, wherein the combine is configured to operate at a fixed amount. 3. A hand-operated operation state in which the hand-cut cereal meal is supplied to the feed chain (8), wherein a fixed amount is actuated in a direction to slow down the feed rate by the dust feed adjusting means (18). Combine as described.

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