JP2019187028A - Speed reducer-provided motor, wiper driving device, and power window device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a speed reducer-provided motor, a wiper driving device, and a power window device, in which downsizing can be achieved irrespective of a reduction ratio and a product cost can be reduced.SOLUTION: A speed reducer-provided motor includes a motor 2 having a rotary shaft 14, and a speed reduction mechanism 3 that reduces a speed of rotation of the rotary shaft 14 and outputs the rotation to an output shaft 34. The speed reduction mechanism 3 includes a magnetic speed reduction gear 31 to which the rotation of the rotary shaft 14 is inputted, and a worm speed reduction gear 32 that reduces the speed of the rotation outputted from the magnetic speed reduction gear 31. The magnetic speed reduction gear 31 is formed by disposing two magnetic gears 51, 52 to face each other in a radial direction, and includes a magnetism detection substrate 33 that detects a change in a magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor with a reduction gear, a wiper drive device, and a power window device.

The motor with a speed reducer can obtain a high output by decelerating and outputting the rotation of the motor via a speed reduction mechanism. Further, in some deceleration mechanisms, the rotation of the motor may be decelerated in a plurality of stages. In such a case, since the reduction ratio of the output with respect to the rotation of the motor can be increased, a higher output can be obtained.
For example, in the case of two-stage reduction, two gears having different numbers of teeth are meshed and firstly reduced by one stage. Thereafter, the rotation of the decelerated gear is transmitted to the second gear provided on the same axis, and the second gear is further decelerated by two gears having different numbers of teeth.

  Moreover, the motor with a reduction gear may be provided with a rotational position detector (rotation sensor) that detects the rotational position of the output shaft. In this case, it is necessary to provide a sensor magnet for detecting the rotational position on the output shaft and a substrate for detecting the magnetic flux of the sensor magnet. Then, drive control of the motor is performed based on the detection result of the rotational position detection unit.

JP 2006-30217 A

However, as in the above-described prior art, there is a problem that when a plurality of gears are meshed, noise due to tooth contact is likely to occur.
Moreover, when trying to obtain a desired reduction ratio, the number of teeth may be set to be large, and the gears are enlarged, and as a result, the entire motor with a reduction gear may be enlarged.
Furthermore, when the rotational position detection unit is provided, the number of parts increases, the number of assembly steps increases, and the product cost of the motor with a reduction gear may increase.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a motor with a reduction gear, a wiper drive device, and a power window device that can reduce noise during driving, can be downsized regardless of the reduction ratio, and can reduce product cost. is there.

  In order to solve the above problems, a motor with a speed reducer according to the present invention includes a motor having a rotating shaft and an output shaft for decelerating the rotation of the rotating shaft and transmitting the rotational force to an external device. A speed reduction mechanism, wherein the speed reduction mechanism decelerates the rotation output from the first speed reduction portion and transmits the rotation to the output shaft. A speed reduction part, and one of the first speed reduction part and the second speed reduction part is configured such that at least two magnetic gears are arranged to face each other in the radial direction, and the other is connected to the worm shaft and the worm shaft. A worm reduction gear comprising a worm wheel engaged with the worm wheel, the worm reduction gear including a magnetic detection unit that detects a change in magnetic flux of at least one of the magnetic gears. To do.

Thus, in a motor with a speed reducer having two speed reducers, noise due to tooth contact can be reduced by using one of the two speed reducers as a magnetic gear instead of a gear.
In addition, since the magnetic gear is not meshed, the life of the speed reduction mechanism can be extended without being worn. Furthermore, for example, when a helical gear or the like is used, a thrust load is generated due to meshing, and it is necessary to provide a thrust bearing that receives the thrust load on a worm shaft, a rotating shaft, or the like. However, since the magnetic gear does not generate a thrust load, it is not necessary to provide a thrust bearing for the magnetic gear. For this reason, the component cost of the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced.
Further, by using the magnetic gear, the reduction ratio can be changed only by changing the number of poles of the magnetic gear. For this reason, the enlargement of a magnetic gear can be suppressed and, as a result, the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, since the rotational position of the motor with a reduction gear is detected by detecting the change in the magnetic flux of the magnetic gear, for example, it is not necessary to separately provide a sensor magnet for detecting the rotational position on the worm shaft or worm wheel. For this reason, the number of parts of the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced, and the number of assembling steps of the motor with a reduction gear can also be reduced. Therefore, the product cost of the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced.

  In the motor with a speed reducer according to the present invention, the first reduction part is configured by the magnetic gear, the second reduction part is a worm reduction gear, and the magnetic gear is provided at one end of the rotation shaft. A first magnetic gear to be attached and a second magnetic gear to be attached to one end of the worm shaft.

  By comprising in this way, it can suppress that a useless space is made in a reduction mechanism as much as possible, and a motor with a reduction gear can be reduced in size efficiently.

  The motor with a reduction gear according to the present invention is characterized in that the magnetic detection unit detects a change in magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear.

  With this configuration, when the rotational position of the output shaft is detected, the rotational speed of the second magnetic gear can be calculated by decelerating by the reduction ratio of the second reduction gear. That is, the calculation process can be reduced by one step compared to the case where the magnetic detection unit detects the change in the magnetic flux of the first magnetic gear.

  In the motor with a reduction gear according to the present invention, the motor includes a yoke having an opening, the rotating shaft having one end rotatably supported by the yoke, and a coil wound around the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed to the rotating shaft and connected to one end of the coil, a brush slidingly connected to the commutator and electrically connected to external power, and fixed to the opening side of the yoke. A brush holder for storing and holding the brush, wherein the speed reduction mechanism includes a gear case for storing the first speed reduction portion and the second speed reduction portion, and the other end of the rotating shaft is attached to the brush holder. The worm shaft is rotatably supported, and both ends of the worm shaft are rotatably supported by the gear case.

  By comprising in this way, the load to the radial direction of the both ends of a rotating shaft and a worm shaft can be received with a yoke, a brush holder, and a gear case. For this reason, it is possible to reliably prevent the rotating shaft and the worm shaft from being inclined even if a force acts in a direction in which the two magnetic gears approach each other due to the magnetic attractive force.

  In the motor with a reduction gear according to the present invention, the output shaft is provided at the rotation center of the worm wheel, and the axis of the output shaft is located on the axis of the rotation shaft. Features.

  With this configuration, the distance between the axis of the output shaft and the arbitrary position on the axis of the rotary shaft is such that the output shaft is not located on the axis of the rotary shaft. It can be shortened compared to the distance between the shaft center and an arbitrary position on the axis of the rotation shaft. For this reason, for example, when the motor with a speed reducer is rotationally displaced about the axis of the output shaft, the motor with a speed reducer can be rotationally displaced in a space-saving manner. Therefore, the layout property of the motor with a reduction gear can be improved.

  The motor with a reduction gear according to the present invention includes two magnetic gears, and the two magnetic gears are formed to have the same diameter and different pole numbers.

  Thus, by making the diameters of the two magnetic gears the same, the radial width of one of the first reduction gear and the second reduction gear can be minimized. For this reason, the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced in size.

  A wiper driving device according to the present invention is characterized in that the motor with a reduction gear described above is used for driving a wiper provided in a vehicle.

  With this configuration, it is possible to provide a wiper drive device that can be downsized regardless of the reduction ratio and that can reduce the product cost.

  The power window device according to the present invention is characterized in that the motor with a speed reducer described above is used for driving a window provided in a vehicle.

  With this configuration, it is possible to provide a power window device that can be downsized regardless of the reduction ratio and that can reduce the product cost.

According to the present invention, in a motor with a speed reducer having two speed reducers, noise due to tooth contact can be reduced by using one of the two speed reducers as a magnetic gear instead of a gear.
Further, by using the magnetic gear, the reduction ratio can be changed only by changing the number of poles of the magnetic gear. For this reason, the enlargement of a magnetic gear can be suppressed and, as a result, the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, since the change in the magnetic flux of the magnetic gear is detected to detect the rotational position of the motor with a reduction gear, for example, it is not necessary to separately provide a sensor magnet for detecting the rotational position on the worm shaft or worm wheel. For this reason, the number of parts of the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced, and the number of assembling steps of the motor with a reduction gear can also be reduced. Therefore, the product cost of the motor with a reduction gear can be reduced.

It is a perspective view of the motor with a reduction gear in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the motor with a reduction gear in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which compared the layout property of the motor with a reduction gear of 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the conventional motor with a reduction gear, (a) shows the motor with a reduction gear of this 1st Embodiment, (b) ) Shows a conventional motor with a reduction gear. It is the perspective view which expanded the reduction mechanism of the motor with a reduction gear in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the magnetic reduction gear of the motor with a reduction gear in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the wiper drive device which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the power window apparatus which shows other embodiment of this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
(Motor with reduction gear)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a motor 1 with a speed reducer. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the motor 1 with a speed reducer.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the motor 1 with a speed reducer includes a motor 2 and a speed reduction mechanism 3 attached to one end of the motor 2.

(motor)
The motor 2 is a so-called DC brush motor. The motor 2 includes a substantially bottomed cylindrical yoke 4, an armature 5 disposed rotatably in the yoke 4, and a brush unit 6 disposed on the opening 4 a side of the yoke 4. In the following description, the rotational axis direction of the armature 5 is simply referred to as an axial direction, the rotational direction of the armature 5 is referred to as a circumferential direction, and the radial direction of the armature 5 orthogonal to the axial direction and the circumferential direction is simply referred to as a radial direction.

A bearing boss 11 is formed on the bottom 4b of the yoke 4 so as to project outward in the axial direction at the center in the radial direction. The bearing boss 11 is provided with a sliding bearing 12 having a centering function for rotatably supporting one end (left end in FIG. 2) of a rotating shaft 14 (to be described later) of the armature 5.
The cylindrical portion 7 of the yoke 4 includes a yoke body 9 in which a plurality of magnets 8 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface, a brush fixing portion 10 disposed on the opposite side to the bottom portion 4b of the yoke 4, It is comprised by. The brush fixing portion 10 has a diameter larger than that of the yoke body 9. The brush fixing part 10 is smoothly connected to the yoke body 9 via the step part 4c.

  The armature 5 in the yoke 4 includes a rotating shaft 14 that is rotatably supported at one end by a bearing boss 11 of the yoke 4, and an armature core 15 that is externally fitted and fixed at a position corresponding to the magnet 8 of the rotating shaft 14. A commutator 16 that is externally fitted and fixed at a position corresponding to the brush fixing portion 10 of the rotary shaft 14 is mainly configured.

  A plurality of teeth 19 projecting radially outward are formed on the armature core 15 that is fitted and fixed to the rotating shaft 14. A coil 20 is wound around these teeth 19. A terminal portion of the coil 20 is connected to the commutator 16.

  The commutator 16 includes a cylindrical commutator main body 21 formed of a resin that is externally fitted and fixed to the rotary shaft 14, and a plurality of segments 22 that are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator main body 21 in the circumferential direction. is doing. The segment 22 is formed of a conductive material such as a copper plate. A terminal portion of the coil 20 is connected to the segment 22. Further, a brush 23 constituting the brush unit 6 is slidably contacted with the segment 22.

  In addition to the brush 23, the brush unit 6 has a brush holder 24 that houses the brush 23. The brush holder 24 is formed in a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape having an opening 24a. The brush holder 24 is arranged with the opening 24a facing the armature core 15, and the commutator 16 faces inside. Further, the peripheral wall 24 b of the brush holder 24 is formed so as to correspond to the cylindrical portion 10 a of the brush fixing portion 10. Accordingly, the brush holder 24 is fixed in such a manner that the peripheral wall 24 b of the brush holder 24 is fitted to the brush fixing portion 10.

On the bottom 24c of the brush holder 24, a substantially cylindrical bearing boss 25 is formed at the center in the radial direction so as to protrude toward the opposite side of the commutator 16 in the axial direction. The bearing boss 25 protrudes slightly outward in the axial direction from the opening 4 a of the yoke 4. A sliding bearing 26 that rotatably supports the other end of the rotating shaft 14 is provided on the bearing boss 25. The other end of the rotating shaft 14 protrudes outward in the axial direction via a sliding bearing 26.
The brush 23 is disposed at a position corresponding to the commutator 16 of the brush holder 24. The brush 23 is urged toward the center in the radial direction, that is, toward the commutator 16 by a spring (not shown). The brush 23 is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown). As a result, power from the external power source is supplied to the coil 20 via the brush 23 and the segment 22.

  A partition plate 27 is provided in the opening 4a of the yoke 4 so as to close the opening 4a. The partition plate 27 has a role of partitioning the motor 2 and the speed reduction mechanism 3. A through hole 27 a through which the bearing boss 25 can be inserted is formed at a position corresponding to the bearing boss 25 of the partition plate 27. The tip of the bearing boss 25 protrudes outward in the axial direction through the through hole 27a. Furthermore, the speed reduction mechanism 3 is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 14 protruding through the bearing boss 25.

(Deceleration mechanism)
The speed reduction mechanism 3 includes a gear case 28 attached to the opening 4a of the yoke 4 via a partition plate 27, a magnetic reduction gear 31 and a worm reduction gear 32 housed in the gear case 28, and a magnetic reduction speed. A magnetic detection board 33 for detecting the magnetic flux of the gear 31, an output shaft 34 connected to the worm reduction gear 32, and a drive board 40 for controlling the drive of the motor 2 are provided.

  The gear case 28 includes a gear case body 35 having a magnetic gear case 36 disposed on the opening 4a side of the yoke 4 and a worm gear case 37 disposed on the opposite side of the magnetic gear case 36 from the yoke 4. is doing. A magnetic reduction gear 31 is accommodated in the magnetic gear case 36. The magnetic gear case 36 is formed in a box shape having an opening 36 a in the opening 4 a of the yoke 4. The opening 4a of the yoke 4 and the opening 36a of the magnetic gear case 36 are arranged so as to overlap each other with the partition plate 27 interposed therebetween, and the yoke 4 and the magnetic gear case 36 are fastened and fixed by bolts 38. . In addition, the other end of the rotating shaft 14 faces the magnetic gear case 36.

  Further, a worm gear case 37 is integrally formed on the bottom 36 b of the magnetic gear case 36. A worm reduction gear 32 is accommodated in the worm gear case 37. The worm gear case 37 is formed in a box shape having an opening 37 a in a direction orthogonal to the opening direction of the magnetic gear case 36. The motor 1 with a reduction gear (gear case 28) is fastened to the peripheral wall of the worm gear case 37 to an external device (not shown). A plurality of mounting seats 29 (three in the first embodiment) are integrally formed.

  The magnetic reduction gear 31 housed in the magnetic gear case 36 is composed of two magnetic gears 51 and 52 (first magnetic gear 51 and second magnetic gear 52) that are not in contact with each other. The two magnetic gears 51 and 52 are gears which are formed in a ring shape and have magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface, and are arranged side by side in the radial direction. When one of the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 rotates, the other gear on which the magnetic attractive force acts rotates. The two magnetic gears 51 and 52 are formed to have the same diameter and different number of poles. A difference in rotation (reduction ratio) is generated between the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 by being formed in different polarities.

  The first magnetic gear 51 of the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 is externally fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 14 protruding through the bearing boss 25. The worm reduction gear 32 is connected to the second magnetic gear 52 arranged in the radial direction on the first magnetic gear 51.

  The worm reduction gear 32 includes a worm shaft 53 on which the second magnetic gear 52 is fitted and fixed at one end, and a worm wheel 54 meshed with the worm shaft 53. The worm shaft 53 includes a shaft tooth portion 55, two bearing portions 56 and 57 (first bearing portion 56 and second bearing portion 57) that protrude from both ends of the shaft tooth portion 55 along the axial direction of the worm shaft 53. Are integrally formed. The worm shaft 53 is arranged so that this axial direction is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 2. Of the two bearing portions 56, 57, the first bearing portion 56 on the motor 2 side is disposed on the opposite side of the large-diameter portion 56a and the shaft tooth portion 55 of the large-diameter portion 56a and is contracted more than the large-diameter portion 56a. The small-diameter portion 56b having a diameter is integrally formed.

  The elongate part 56a is rotatably supported by the slide bearing 58. The sliding bearing 58 is formed on a substantially cylindrical bearing boss 59 that protrudes from the first side surface 37b of the worm gear case 37 on the magnetic gear case 36 side (bottom portion 36b of the magnetic gear case 36) toward the opposite side of the magnetic gear case 36. The inner fitting is fixed. The small diameter portion 56 b of the worm shaft 53 protrudes through the bearing boss 59 and the sliding bearing 58. The second magnetic gear 52 is fitted and fixed to the small diameter portion 56b.

  The second bearing portion 57 of the worm shaft 53 is rotatably supported by the slide bearing 61. The slide bearing 61 is fitted and fixed to a substantially cylindrical bearing boss 62 integrally formed on the second side surface 37 c of the worm gear case 37 opposite to the magnetic gear case 36. The bearing boss 62 protrudes from the second side surface 37 c toward the side opposite to the magnetic gear case 36. In addition to the sliding bearing 61, a thrust receiving holder 63 is screwed to the bearing boss 62 on the tip side. A cylindrical thrust receiver 64 is accommodated in the thrust receiver holder 63.

  On the other hand, a ball receiving recess 57 a is formed at the end of the second bearing portion 57 of the worm shaft 53. A steel ball 60 is rotatably accommodated in the ball receiving recess 57a. The steel ball 60 is in contact with the thrust receiver 64. Accordingly, the thrust load on the second bearing portion 57 side of the worm shaft 53 can be received by the worm gear case 37 via the steel ball 60, the thrust receiver 64 and the thrust receiver holder 63.

  The worm wheel 54 meshed with the worm shaft 53 is fitted and fixed to the output shaft 34 and is integrated with the output shaft 34. A substantially cylindrical bearing boss 42 is formed on the bottom 37 d of the worm gear case 37 so as to protrude outwardly on the same axis as the output shaft 34. The bearing boss 42 is provided with a sliding bearing (not shown). One end of the output shaft 34 is rotatably supported by the slide bearing. One end of the output shaft 34 protrudes outside through a bearing boss 42. An external device is connected to one end of the protruding output shaft 34.

  Such an axis P1 of the output shaft 34 is located on the axis P2 of the rotating shaft 14. Further, the axis P1 of the output shaft 34 is orthogonal to the axis P2 of the rotating shaft 14. The other end of the output shaft 34 is rotatably supported by a cover 41 provided to close the opening 37a of the worm gear case 37.

  In the cover 41, a connector portion 39 is integrally formed on a side surface 41a of the worm gear case 37 opposite to the magnetic gear case 36. The connector portion 39 is configured so that a connector extending from an external power source (not shown) can be fitted. A terminal (not shown) of the connector portion 39 is electrically connected to the brush 23 of the motor 2.

  A magnetic detection board 33 for detecting the magnetic flux of the magnetic reduction gear 31 is housed in a magnetic gear case 36. The magnetic detection substrate 33 is opposed to the second magnetic gear 52 attached to the worm shaft 53 and the partition plate 27 in the axial direction of the second magnetic gear 52 and the worm shaft 53 (rotary shaft 14). Has been placed. A magnetic detection element 44 is mounted on the magnetic detection board 33 at a position facing the axial end surface of the second magnetic gear 52. The magnetic detection element 44 is an element that detects a change in magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52. As the magnetic detection element 44, for example, a Hall IC is used. The magnetic detection element 44 is not limited to the Hall IC, and any element that can detect a change in the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52 may be used.

  The detection result by the magnetic detection board 33 (magnetic detection element 44) is output as a signal to the drive board 40 housed in the worm gear case 37. The drive board 40 controls the drive of the motor 2 and includes a capacitor that smoothes the power input from the external power source. The electric power from the external power source is supplied to the brush 23 of the motor 2 through the drive substrate 40. Then, the drive substrate 40 controls the power supplied to the brush 23 based on the detection result of the magnetic detection substrate 33.

(Operation of motor with reduction gear)
Next, operation | movement of the motor 1 with a reduction gear is demonstrated.
When electric power from an external power source (not shown) is supplied to the brush 23 via the drive substrate 40, current is supplied to the coil 20 via the segment 22 of the commutator 16. As a result, a desired magnetic field is generated in the armature core 15. A magnetic attractive force or repulsive force is generated between the magnetic field and the magnet 8 of the yoke 4. Thereby, the armature 5 rotates. When the armature 5 rotates, the segments 22 with which the brush 23 is slidably contacted are sequentially changed, and so-called rectification is performed in which the direction of the current supplied to the coil 20 is switched. Thereby, the armature 5 rotates continuously.

When the armature 5 rotates, this rotation is decelerated by the magnetic reduction gear 31 and transmitted to the worm shaft 53 (first-stage deceleration). Here, since the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 constituting the magnetic reduction gear 31 are not in contact with each other, no meshing sound is generated.
The two magnetic gears 51 and 52 are magnetically attracted and repelled from each other. Due to this magnetic attractive force and repulsive force, a radial load is applied to the first bearing portion 56 of the rotating shaft 14 to which the first magnetic gear 51 is attached and the worm shaft 53 to which the second magnetic gear 52 is attached. Arise. Here, both ends of the rotating shaft 14 are rotatably supported by the yoke 4 and the sliding bearings 12 and 26 of the brush holder 24. For this reason, a radial load applied to the other end of the rotating shaft 14 is reliably received by the sliding bearings 12 and 26. In addition, the first bearing portion 56 of the worm shaft 53 is supported by a slide bearing 58 so that a large meridian portion 56a is rotatable. Further, the second bearing portion 57 is rotatably supported by the sliding bearing 61. For this reason, a radial load applied to the first bearing portion 56 of the worm shaft 53 is reliably received by the sliding bearings 58 and 61. Thus, the rotating shaft 14 and the worm shaft 53 are supported at both ends by the sliding bearings 12, 26, 58, 61.

When the worm shaft 53 rotates, the worm wheel 54 meshed with the worm shaft 53 is further decelerated and rotated (second-stage deceleration). Here, when the worm shaft 53 and the worm wheel 54 are engaged, a thrust load is generated on the worm shaft 53. This thrust load is received by the worm gear case 37 via the steel ball 60, the thrust receiver 64 and the thrust receiver holder 63.
When the worm wheel 54 rotates, the output shaft 34 integrated with the worm wheel 54 rotates. As the output shaft 34 rotates, an external device (not shown) connected to the output shaft 34 is driven.

  As described above, in the motor 1 with a reduction gear described above, the magnetic reduction gear 31 is used for the first reduction of the reduction mechanism 3. Thus, the noise caused by tooth contact can be reduced by using the magnetic reduction gear 31 instead of the reduction mechanism using a conventional gear. Further, since the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 constituting the magnetic reduction gear 31 are not meshed, the life of the reduction mechanism 3 can be extended without being worn. Further, since no thrust load is generated in the magnetic reduction gear 31, it is not necessary to provide a thrust bearing for the magnetic reduction gear 31. For this reason, the component cost of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be reduced. Further, by using the two magnetic gears 51 and 52, the reduction ratio can be changed only by changing the number of poles of the magnetic gears 51 and 52. For this reason, the enlargement of the magnetic reduction gear 31 can be suppressed, and as a result, the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be reduced in size.

  Further, the magnetic detection board 33 for performing drive control of the motor 2 is configured to detect a change in the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52. For this reason, for example, it is not necessary to separately provide a sensor magnet for detecting the rotational position for detecting the rotational position of the worm shaft 53 on the worm shaft 53 or the like. Therefore, the number of parts of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be further reduced, and the number of assembling steps of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can also be reduced. As a result, the product cost of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be reduced. Furthermore, when the rotational position of the output shaft 34 is detected, the rotational speed of the second magnetic gear 52 can be calculated by decelerating by the reduction ratio of the worm reduction gear 32. That is, the calculation process can be reduced by one step as compared with the case where the magnetic detection board 33 detects the change in the magnetic flux of the first magnetic gear 51 and considers both the reduction ratios of the magnetic reduction gear 31 and the worm reduction gear 32. it can.

  Of the two reduction gears 31 and 32 (magnetic reduction gear 31 and worm reduction gear 32) constituting the reduction mechanism 3, the magnetic reduction gear 31 is arranged on the side where the rotation from the motor 2 is input, and the worm reduction gear is provided. The gear 32 is arranged on the output side (side connected to the output shaft 34). For this reason, it can suppress as much as possible that a useless space is made in the deceleration mechanism 3, and the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be reduced in size efficiently.

  One end of the rotating shaft 14 is rotatably supported by the sliding bearing 12 at the bearing boss 11 of the yoke 4. A first magnetic gear 51 is attached to the other end of the rotating shaft 14 and is rotatably supported by the sliding bearing 26 of the brush holder 24. Further, in the first bearing portion 56 of the worm shaft 53 to which the second magnetic gear 52 is attached, a large diameter portion 56a is rotatably supported by the slide bearing 58. A second bearing portion 57 provided at the end of the worm shaft 53 opposite to the first bearing portion 56 is rotatably supported by the slide bearing 61. By comprising in this way, both the rotating shaft 14 and the worm shaft 53 can be supported. Therefore, the radial load generated by using the magnetic reduction gear 31 can be received by the brush holder 24 and the gear case 28. For this reason, it can prevent that the rotating shaft 14 and the worm shaft 53 each incline in the radial direction.

  The two magnetic gears 51 and 52 are formed so as to have the same diameter and different pole numbers. In this way, by making the diameters of the magnetic gears 51 and 52 the same, even when the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 are arranged in the radial direction, the overall width of the magnetic reduction gear 31 is increased in the radial direction. It can be made as small as possible. For this reason, the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be reduced in size.

  Further, the axis P1 of the output shaft 34 is located on the axis P2 of the rotating shaft 14. Further, the axis P1 of the output shaft 34 is orthogonal to the axis P2 of the rotating shaft 14. For this reason, the layout property of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be improved. This will be described in detail below.

FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the layout of the motor 1 with a reduction gear according to the first embodiment and the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear. FIG. 3A shows the motor 1 with a reduction gear according to the first embodiment. (B) shows the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear.
In addition, in the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear in FIG.3 (b), the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same aspect as the motor 1 with a reduction gear of this 1st Embodiment in Fig.3 (a), and description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear means that the axis P10 of the output shaft 34 is not located on the axis P20 of the rotating shaft 14.

  First, an arbitrary position on the shaft center P1 of the output shaft 34 and the shaft center P2 of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 1 with speed reducer of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The distance from P3 (which is the tip of the bearing boss 11) is L1. On the other hand, arbitrary positions (here, bearing bosses 11 provided on the yoke 4) on the shaft center P10 of the output shaft 34 and the shaft center P29 of the rotating shaft 14 of the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear shown in FIG. Let L2 be the distance to P3).

  In this case, the distance L1 of the distance L1 of the first embodiment is shorter than the conventional distance L2. As a result, for example, when the motors 1 and 100 with reduction gears are rotationally displaced about the shaft centers P1 and P10 of the output shaft 34, respectively, an area S2 of a circle having a radius L2 centered on the shaft center P10 (FIG. ))), The area S1 (see FIG. 3A) of the circle having the radius L1 with the axis P1 as the center is smaller. That is, when adjusting the layout of the motors 1 and 100 with a reduction gear based on the position of the output shaft 34, the reduction gear of the first embodiment is compared with the area S2 required for the arrangement of the conventional motor 100 with a reduction gear. The area S1 required for the arrangement of the attached motor 1 is small. That is, the motor 1 with a reduction gear according to the first embodiment can be rotationally displaced in a space-saving manner. Therefore, the layout property of the motor 1 with a reduction gear can be improved by positioning the axis P1 of the output shaft 34 on the axis P2 of the rotating shaft 14.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIG. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are given to the same aspects as those in the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof is omitted (the same applies to the following embodiments).
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the speed reduction mechanism 203 of the motor 201 with a speed reducer in the second embodiment, and shows a state where the cover 41 (not shown in FIG. 4) is removed.
As shown in FIG. 4, the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the magnetic detection board 33 for detecting the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52 and the drive control of the motor 2 are controlled. Whereas the drive substrate 40 to be performed is provided separately, in the second embodiment, the magnetic detection substrate for detecting the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52 and the drive substrate for controlling the drive of the motor 2 are integrated. One drive control board 70 is provided.

  The drive control board 70 is disposed on the cover 41 side (slightly above the opening 37a of the worm gear case 37 in FIG. 4). The drive control board 70 has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the axial direction of the output shaft 34 so as to cover the worm shaft 53 and the worm wheel 54 from the cover 41 side and to face the outer peripheral surface of the second magnetic gear 52 in the radial direction. Is formed. In the drive control board 70, an opening 70 a through which the output shaft 34 can be inserted is formed at a position corresponding to the output shaft 34. As a result, interference between the drive control board 70 and the output shaft 34 is avoided.

  In addition, a magnetic detection element 72 is mounted on the drive control board 70 at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the second magnetic gear 52. This magnetic detection element 72 detects a change in the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52. Further, the drive control board 70 is electrically connected to the terminal of the connector portion 39 and the brush 23 (both not shown in FIG. 4). Based on the detection result of the change in the magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear 52, drive control of the motor 2 is performed.

  The gear case 28 is formed with a slit 71 through which the drive control board 70 can be inserted in the first side surface 37b (the bottom portion 36b of the magnetic gear case 36) of the worm gear case 37 on the magnetic gear case 36 side. A drive control board 70 is extended to both the magnetic gear case 36 and the worm gear case 37 through the slit 71. Thereby, the magnetic detection element 72 can be disposed in the vicinity of the second magnetic gear 52 in the magnetic gear case 36. In FIG. 4, the description of the cover 41 is omitted, but the cover 41 is also formed with a slit or notch through which the drive control board 70 can be inserted.

  Therefore, according to the second embodiment described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be achieved. In addition, since the drive control of the motor 2 can be performed by the single drive control board 70, the number of parts can be further reduced as compared with the first embodiment. For this reason, the product cost of the motor 201 with a reduction gear can be further reduced.

  In the second embodiment described above, the example in which the drive control board 70 is disposed on the cover 41 side has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the drive control board 70 may be disposed inside the worm gear case 37, and the slit 71 may be provided only on the first side surface 37b.

  Further, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the case where the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 of the magnetic reduction gear 31 have the same diameter has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameters of the two magnetic gears 51 and 52 may be different.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described based on FIG. 5 and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the magnetic reduction gear 331 of the motor 301 with a reduction gear, and corresponds to the magnetic reduction gear 31 in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the difference between the first embodiment and the third embodiment is that the magnetic reduction gear 31 of the first embodiment is composed of two magnetic gears 51 and 52. The magnetic reduction gear 331 of the third embodiment is a planetary reduction mechanism.

  The magnetic reduction gear 331 is arranged around the solar magnetic gear 81 and fitted around the other end of the rotary shaft 14 and a plurality of revolving around the solar magnetic gear 81 (this third embodiment). 3) planetary magnetic gears 82, a ring magnetic gear 83 provided on the outer peripheral side of the planetary magnetic gear 82, and a carrier plate 84 that rotatably supports the plurality of planetary magnetic gears 82. The solar magnetic gear 81, the planetary magnetic gear 82, and the ring magnetic gear 83 have different numbers of poles.

A support shaft 85 is erected on the carrier plate 84 to support the planetary magnetic gear 82 rotatably. The carrier plate 84 is formed with a worm shaft fixing hole 84a at the center in the radial direction, that is, coaxially with the solar magnetic gear 81 (rotary shaft 14). The tip of the first bearing portion 56 of the worm shaft 53 is fixed to the worm shaft fixing hole 84a. As a result, the carrier plate 84 and the worm shaft 53 rotate together. Further, the rotating shaft 14 and the worm shaft 53 are arranged coaxially.
The gear case 328 is formed so that a magnetic gear case 336 that houses the magnetic reduction gear 331 can be fitted and fixed to the ring magnetic gear 83.

  Under such a configuration, when the solar magnetic gear 81 rotates together with the rotating shaft 14, the planetary magnetic gear 82 rotates while revolving around the solar magnetic gear 81. The revolution motion of the planetary magnetic gear 82 is transmitted to the worm shaft 53 via the carrier plate 84. Thereby, the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 is decelerated via the planetary magnetic gear 82 and transmitted to the worm shaft 53.

  Therefore, according to the above-described third embodiment, the same effects as those of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. Further, by using the planetary magnetic gear 82, it is possible to obtain a large reduction ratio as compared with the first embodiment.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 2 is transmitted to the magnetic reduction gears 31 and 331 and then transmitted to the worm reduction gear 32 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. After the rotation of the rotary shaft 14 is transmitted to the worm reduction gear 32, the rotation is transmitted to the magnetic reduction gears 31, 331, and the rotation reduced by the magnetic reduction gears 31, 331 is output to the output shaft. 34 may be configured to be transmitted.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the magnetic reduction gear 31 is constituted by two magnetic gears 51 and 52, and in the third embodiment described above, the magnetic reduction gear 331 is a planetary reduction mechanism. did. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of magnetic gears is not limited as long as each magnetic gear is arranged in the radial direction using a plurality of magnetic gears.

  Moreover, you may use the motor 1,201,301 with a reduction gear of each above-mentioned embodiment for the wiper drive provided in the vehicle, for example.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of the wiper driving device 101.
As shown in FIG. 7, the wiper drive device 101 is, for example, for wiping rainwater, dust or the like attached to the windshield 911 of the vehicle 90 to ensure the driver's field of view. As the wiper driving device 101, for example, a so-called tandem type wiper driving device is used. The wiper drive device 101 includes two wiper shafts 92 a and 92 b that are rotatably supported by the vehicle 90. A wiper arm 93a on the driver's seat side is fixed to the wiper shaft 92a. A wiper arm 93b on the passenger seat side is fixed to the wiper shaft 92b.

  Wiper blades 94a and 94b are attached to the tip portions of the wiper arms 93a and 93b, respectively. Further, the wiper driving device 101 is provided with motors 1, 201, 301 with a speed reducer as a driving source. A crank arm 9518 is connected to the output shaft 34 of the motors 1, 201, 301 with speed reducers. The crank arm 95 is connected to a link mechanism 96 having the wiper shafts 92a and 92b as fulcrums. Then, by rotating the crank arm 95, the wiper arms 93a and 93b are swung within a predetermined angle range. By such swinging movement of the wiper arms 93a, 93b, the wiper blades 94a, 94b can be operated between the upper inverted position and the lower inverted position to wipe away rainwater, dust and the like adhering to the windshield 91.

  With this configuration, it is possible to provide the wiper drive device 101 that is small in size and has reduced product cost.

  Moreover, you may use the motor 1,201,301 with a reduction gear of each above-mentioned embodiment for the window drive provided in the vehicle, for example.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of the power window device 102. The power window device 102 is for raising and lowering the window 104 attached to the door 103 of the vehicle. Inside the door 103, there are provided motors 1, 201, 301 with speed reducers and a lifting device 105 that raises and lowers the window 104 by receiving the rotational force of the motors 1, 201, 301 with speed reducers.

  With this configuration, it is possible to provide a power window device 102 that is small in size and has reduced product cost.

1, 201, 301 ... motor with reduction gear, 2 ... motor, 3 ... reduction mechanism, 4 ... yoke, 4a ... opening, 9 ... yoke body, 14 ... rotating shaft, 15 ... armature core, 16 ... commutator, 20 ... Coil, 23 ... Brush, 24 ... Brush holder, 26, 58, 61 ... Sliding bearing, 28 ... Gear case, 31, 331 ... Magnetic reduction gear (first reduction part), 32 ... Worm reduction gear (second reduction part) , 33 ... Magnetic detection substrate (magnetic detection unit), 34 ... Output shaft, 35 ... Gear case main body, 36, 336 ... Magnetic gear case, 37 ... Worm gear case, 44, 72 ... Magnetic detection element (magnetic detection unit), 51 ... 1st magnetic gear (magnetic gear), 52 ... 2nd magnetic gear (magnetic gear), 70 ... Drive control board (magnetic detection part), 81 ... Solar magnetic gear (magnetic gear), 82 ... Planetary magnetic gear (magnetic gear) ), 8 ... ring magnetic gear (magnetic gear), 90 ... vehicle, 101 ... wiper driving apparatus, 102 ... power window device, 103 ... door (vehicle), P1, P2 ... axis

Claims (8)

A motor having a rotating shaft;
A deceleration mechanism that decelerates the rotation of the rotation shaft and outputs it to an output shaft for transmitting a rotational force to an external device;
With
The deceleration mechanism is
A first speed reduction unit to which rotation of the rotation shaft is input;
A second reduction unit that decelerates the rotation output from the first reduction unit and transmits the rotation to the output shaft;
With
Either one of the first reduction part and the second reduction part is configured by arranging at least two magnetic gears to face each other in the radial direction, and the other includes a worm shaft and a worm wheel meshed with the worm shaft. Is a worm reduction gear
A motor with a speed reducer, comprising a magnetic detector that detects a change in magnetic flux of at least one of the magnetic gears. The first reduction part is configured by the magnetic gear,
The second reduction part is a worm reduction gear;
The reduction gear motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic gear includes a first magnetic gear attached to one end of the rotating shaft, and a second magnetic gear attached to one end of the worm shaft. . The motor with a speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic detection unit detects a change in magnetic flux of the second magnetic gear. The motor is
A yoke having an opening;
The rotating shaft having one end rotatably supported by the yoke;
An armature core fixed to the rotating shaft and wound with a coil;
A commutator fixed to the rotating shaft and connected to one end of the coil;
A brush slidably contacted with the commutator and electrically connected to external power;
A brush holder fixed on the opening side of the yoke and storing and holding the brush;
With
The reduction mechanism includes a gear case that houses the first reduction part and the second reduction part,
The other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably supported by the brush holder,
The motor with a reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein both ends of the worm shaft are rotatably supported by the gear case. The output shaft is provided at the rotation center of the worm wheel,
The motor with a reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an axis of the output shaft is located on an axis of the rotating shaft. Two magnetic gears,
The motor with a reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two magnetic gears are formed so as to have the same diameter and different number of poles. A wiper drive device using the motor with a reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for driving a wiper provided in a vehicle. A power window device using the motor with a reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for driving a window provided in a vehicle.

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