JP2019148633A - Imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an imaging apparatus that can determine a panning shot by acquiring angular velocity or angular acceleration information in proper timing.SOLUTION: An imaging apparatus has a release button which is pressed down to start a series of photographing operations; signal transmission means which transmits an angular velocity or angular acceleration signal; and a determination part which determines panning shooting when a signal value obtained from the signal transmission means in a predetermined time after the release button is pressed down is always larger than a preset threshold, specific processing being performed when the determination part determines the panning shooting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus that performs specific processing during panning shooting.

  As digital cameras become more sophisticated, there are more camera shooting modes to suit the subject and shooting method, and there is a “panning mode” that assists in panning shooting. However, since the photographer needs to set the panning mode by himself, there is a possibility that the chance of shooting will be missed during the setting.

  For such a problem, in Patent Document 1, in an imaging apparatus including a sensor that detects an angular velocity of a camera body, a gyro signal value at the time when the subject is captured and a gyro signal at the time when the camera starts to shake and follow the subject. A panning discrimination means for judging whether or not a panning shot is made based on a difference between values is disclosed.

JP 05-216104 A

  However, in the conventional technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, in the actual shooting operation, there is a case where the camera is started to swing in accordance with the subject when the subject is captured. There is a possibility that the difference in the gyro signal value at the time point may not occur, so there is a problem that it is impossible to accurately determine whether or not the panning is performed.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of discriminating a panning shot by acquiring angular velocity or angular acceleration information at an appropriate timing.

  In order to achieve the above object, an image pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes a release button that starts a series of photographing operations by being pressed down, a signal transmission unit that transmits an angular velocity or an angular acceleration signal, and after the release button is pressed down. If the signal value obtained from the signal transmission means from the predetermined time to the predetermined time is always greater than a preset threshold value, and a determination unit that determines to be a panning, and the determination unit determines to be a panning Is characterized by carrying out a specific process.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an imaging apparatus that can discriminate a panning shot by acquiring angular velocity or angular acceleration information at an appropriate timing.

6 is a flowchart showing a shooting operation of the camera according to the embodiment of the present invention. The camera system figure which concerns on embodiment of this invention Diagram showing camera and subject movement for panning shot Relationship diagram between gyro signal value and threshold according to an embodiment of the present invention The figure which showed the ranging point position information at the time of the focusing which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and imaging completion The figure which showed the imaging range and ranging point position information at the time of the focus which concerns on embodiment of this invention The figure which showed the imaging range and ranging point position information at the time of the imaging which concerns on embodiment of this invention The figure which showed the imaging range and ranging point position correction at the time of the imaging which concerns on embodiment of this invention

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. With reference to FIG. 2, a configuration of a camera system including a camera body 1 and an interchangeable lens 2 is shown. The photographing light flux from the subject passes through the photographing optical system of the interchangeable lens 2 and is partially reflected by the quick return mirror 3 whose central portion is a half mirror during preparation for photographing, and becomes an erect image at the pentaprism 4. The photographer can confirm the erect image as a subject image in the finder 5. A photometric sensor 6 measures the illuminance on a focus plate surface (not shown), and inputs the measurement result to the camera system control MPU 7.

  The camera system control MPU 7 determines shooting conditions such as exposure time and aperture. The photometric sensor 6 is divided into a plurality of areas, and a photometric result for each area can be obtained. A gyro sensor 99 detects an angular velocity applied to the camera. In this embodiment, a gyro sensor is used, but an acceleration sensor may be used. Reference numeral 991 denotes a determination unit which determines whether or not the panning shot is taken.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a sub mirror, which is disposed on the back surface of the quick return mirror 3, and causes the light beam that has passed through the half mirror surface of the quick return mirror 3 to enter the distance measuring unit 9. The distance measuring unit 9 photoelectrically converts an incident light beam and performs signal processing to create distance measurement data, and inputs the created distance measurement data to the camera system control MPU 7. Reference numeral 381 denotes a motor for driving the quick return mirror 3 and the sub mirror 8.

  When the photographing operation is started, the quick return mirror 3 and the sub mirror 8 are retracted to the pentaprism 4 side, and the focal plane shutter unit 10 is driven by the shutter drive circuit 11 and the drive motor 101. The focal plane shutter unit 10 includes a shutter front curtain and a shutter rear curtain. The photographing light beam forms an image on the image pickup unit (CCD or CMOS) 12 surface as a photographing optical image. The photographic optical image is photoelectrically converted by the imaging unit 12 into an imaging signal (subject image detecting means).

  Reference numeral 13 denotes an A / D converter that converts the amplified imaging signal from analog to digital image data. A video signal processing circuit 14 performs filter processing, color conversion processing, gamma processing, and the like on the image data digitized by the A / D converter 13. The image signal processed by the video signal processing circuit 14 is stored in the buffer memory 15 and displayed on the LCD 16 or recorded on the removable memory card 17.

  The operation unit 18 is a switch for setting a shooting mode of the camera and a recording image file size. Reference numeral 19 denotes a focus button for starting a focusing operation, and reference numeral 20 denotes a release button for starting a photographing operation. In general, the focus button 19 and the release button 20 are formed of the same member 20, and the focus switch 19 is turned on when the two-stage switch is half-pressed, and the release button 20 is turned on when the switch is fully pressed.

  The camera system control MPU 7 controls the operation of the camera body 1 and communicates with the lens MPU 21. In this communication, a focus drive command is transmitted to the interchangeable lens 2, and data such as the operation state and optical information inside the digital camera body 1 and the interchangeable lens 2 are transmitted and received.

  In the interchangeable lens 2, a focus lens 22, a zoom lens 23, and a diaphragm 24 are disposed as a part of the photographing optical system. The focus lens 22 is driven via a focus control circuit 25 and a focus lens drive motor 221 by a control signal from the lens MPU 21.

  The zoom lens 23 moves when the photographer operates a zoom operation ring (not shown). The photographic image magnification is obtained by the lens MPU 21 reading out pre-stored photographic image magnification data based on a combination of subject distance and focal length.

  The diaphragm 24 is driven via a diaphragm control circuit 26 and a driving motor 241 by a control signal from the lens MPU 21.

  Next, the flow of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the photographing operation of the camera according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 shows a subject that passes in front of the photographer and the movement of the camera in the panning shot, and 31 is the subject. The panning shooting is a shooting method in which, even during exposure, the camera 1 is shaken according to the moving speed of the subject 31 to stop the movement of the subject 31 in the screen and acquire an image with a background.

  FIG. 4 shows the output waveform of the gyro signal at the time of panning shooting and focus lock shooting. The focus lock shooting is a method of shooting after changing the composition after focusing on a subject at an arbitrary distance measuring point position. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that the subject focused during the focusing operation and the distance measuring point position used during focusing shift during exposure during focus lock shooting. FIG. 5A shows the imaging range and distance measuring point position information at the time of focusing, and FIG. 5B shows the imaging range and distance measuring point position information at the time of imaging. FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating that the imaging range at the time of imaging and the distance measurement point position information are corrected.

  The shooting operation starts from step S201. In step S201, the acquisition of the gyro signal value is started by the gyro sensor 99 immediately after the main switch is turned on. The acquired signal value is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 15 or the like. In step S202, it is determined whether or not the release button of the camera body 1 has been pressed halfway (SW1 ON). If half-pressed, the process proceeds to step S203, and if not half-pressed, step S202 is repeated.

  In step S203, the distance measuring unit 9 performs distance measurement, and calculates the driving amount of the focus lens 22 for focusing on the subject. In step S204, the driving amount of the focus lens 22 is transmitted to the interchangeable lens 2. In step S205, driving of the focus lens 22 is completed, and the distance measuring point position information selected when the subject is focused is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 15 or the like.

  In step S206, since the subject has been focused by S205, in-focus display is performed. This is done by turning on an LED in the optical viewfinder 5 of the camera body 1 or generating a sound. In step S207, the photometric result (luminance) from the photometric sensor 6 is obtained, and the exposure time Tv and the aperture value (aperture drive amount) are calculated.

  In step S208, it is determined whether or not the release button 20 of the camera body 1 is fully pressed (SW2 ON). If the release button 20 is fully pressed, the process proceeds to step S209. If not fully depressed, the process returns to step S202. In step S209, the quick return mirror 3 is raised. At this time, the sub-mirror 8 is also driven to the pentaprism 4 side together with the main mirror 3, and the subject image that has entered the distance measuring unit 9 is blocked.

  In step S210, the aperture drive amount obtained in step S207 is transmitted to the interchangeable lens 2, the aperture motor 241 is driven, and the aperture 24 is operated. In step S211, the shutter front curtain is caused to travel. In step S212, the subject image is exposed to the image sensor 12 to accumulate charges. In step S213, when the exposure time has elapsed, the rear curtain shutter is driven to end the exposure.

  In step S214, charge transfer (reading) from the image sensor 12 is performed. In step S 215, the read captured image signal is converted into digital data via the A / D converter 13 and stored in the buffer memory 15. In step S216, an aperture opening command is transmitted to the interchangeable lens 2, and the aperture 24 is returned to the open position. In step S217, the quick return main mirror 3 and the sub mirror 8 are mirrored down. In step S218, image correction processing is performed, and the image data is displayed on the LCD 16. In step S219, the image data is recorded on the memory card 17.

  Next, the determination step will be described. In the panning shooting, the timing of starting the shooting operation a shown in FIG. 3 depends on the photographer, but the photographer continues the shooting operation a between step S208 and step S217 (mirror down). On the other hand, in focus lock shooting, the composition is determined immediately before step S208 and the camera is stopped, then step S208 is performed, and the camera is stopped until step S217 (mirror down).

  In step S209, if vibration due to the drive of the quick return mirror 3 occurs, it is difficult to obtain an appropriate gyro signal value. Therefore, in step S316, as shown in FIG. 4, the gyro from step S208 to step S209 is performed. The determination unit 991 compares the signal value with the threshold value 40. When it is always larger than the threshold value 40, it is possible to determine that the shooting state is panning, and when there is a timing smaller than the threshold value 40, it is possible to determine focus lock.

  Note that the threshold 40 may be set automatically by the camera based on the focal length or the like, or may be arbitrarily set by the photographer. If it is determined to be panning, the process proceeds to step S317, and if it is determined to be focus lock shooting, the process proceeds to step S417.

  In the quick return mirrorless camera, vibration due to driving of the quick return mirror 3 does not occur. Therefore, step S209 and step S217 described later are not applicable. However, since vibration due to running of the focal plane shutter 10 occurs, it is possible to determine the panning by comparing the gyro signal value immediately after step S208 to step S211 with the threshold value 40.

  In a global shutter camera that does not have a quick return mirror and does not have a focal plane shutter and performs an operation corresponding to a rear curtain shutter on the image sensor 12, vibration due to travel of the step S quick return mirror 8 and the focal plane shutter 10 does not occur. Therefore, step S209, step S211, step S213, and step S217 are not applicable. Therefore, it is possible to determine by comparing the gyro signal value immediately after step S208 to step S214 with the threshold value 40. Alternatively, the determination can be made by comparing the threshold value 40 with the signal value from S208 up to a predetermined time.

  In step S318, an attribute relating to the series of shooting operations being a panning shot is added to the image, and is written in the memory card 17 in step S219, so that the photographer can view the shot image based on the attribute information. Become.

  When the determination unit 991 determines that focus lock shooting is performed, in step S418, the movement amount of the camera, that is, the change amount of the angle of view is calculated from the gyro signal value in steps S202 to S208. In step S419, the distance measuring point information at the time of step S205 is moved / corrected according to the calculated amount of change in the angle of view, and is written in the memory card 17 in step S219.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 5-1, in the focus lock shooting, the focused subject 31 and the distance measuring point position 511 coincide at the time of step S205, but the composition is changed before S208. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5B, there is a deviation between the focused subject 31 and the distance measuring point position 512 at S213, and a discrepancy 55 with the photographer's intention occurs.

  Therefore, the subject 31 and the distance measuring point position 513 can be matched by moving / correcting the distance measuring point information at the time of step S205 from the amount of change in the angle of view. If the same processing is performed in the panning shooting, the amount of composition change from step S205 is large, and if the distance measuring point information is moved / corrected, it will deviate from the subject. The movement / correction operation is performed. As a result, enlargement reproduction can be performed according to the in-focus position, and it is possible to efficiently check the focus of the subject.

  In step S220, it is determined whether the continuous shooting setting and SW2 ON state continue. If the continuous shooting setting and SW2 are ON, the process proceeds to step S501. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S221. In step S221, if the camera has a mode (a panning mode) in which the camera automatically assists the panning shooting, when it is determined that the panning shooting is performed in a mode other than the panning shooting mode. Then, a warning is displayed in the viewfinder 5 or on the LCD 16 to notify the photographer that it is a panning shot. In step S222, the acquisition of the gyro signal value is terminated.

  In step S501, the mode is automatically changed to the shooting mode from the second and subsequent shots during continuous shooting. From step S502 to step S506, the same operation as step S203 to step S207 is performed, and by restarting from step S208, the failure of the panning shooting can be remedied.

  As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range of the summary.

(Other examples)
The present invention supplies a program that realizes one or more functions of the above-described embodiments to a system or apparatus via a network or a storage medium, and one or more processors in a computer of the system or apparatus read and execute the program This process can be realized. It can also be realized by a circuit (for example, ASIC) that realizes one or more functions.

1 Camera body 2 Interchangeable lens 3 Quick return mirror 4 Penta prism 5 Finder 6 Photometric sensor 7 MPU
8 Sub-mirror 9 Ranging unit 10 Focal plane shutter unit 11 Shutter drive circuit 12 Imaging unit 13 A / D converter 14 Video signal processing circuit 15 Buffer memory 16 LCD
17 Memory Card 18 Operation Unit 19 Focus Button 20 Release Button 21 Lens MPU
22 focus lens 23 zoom lens 24 aperture 25 focus control circuit 26 aperture control circuit 99 gyro sensor 101 focal plane shutter drive motor 221 focus lens drive motor 241 aperture drive motor 381 mirror drive motor 991 determination unit

Claims (7)

Release button to start a series of shooting operations by pressing down,
Signal transmission means for transmitting an angular velocity or angular acceleration signal;
A determination unit that determines a panning if the signal value obtained from the signal transmission means from when the release button is pressed down to a predetermined time is always greater than a preset threshold;
Have
When the determination unit determines that the panning is performed, a specific process is performed. Has a quick return mirror,
The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is before the quick return mirror is driven. Has a focal plane shutter,
The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is before the focal plane shutter is driven.   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is a fixed time.   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the specific process is to assign an attribute. It has a focus button and a focusing part,
When the determination unit determines that the shot is not a panning shot, the position information of the focusing unit is corrected from the signal value of the signal transmission unit from before and after the focus button is pressed down to before and after the release button is pressed down. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A mode that automatically assists panning shooting can be executed,
Has a finder or LCD,
The specific processing is
2. The display unit according to claim 1, wherein when the determination unit determines that the panning is performed and the photographer sets the mode other than the mode, a warning is displayed on the finder or the LCD, or the mode is changed to the mode. The imaging device according to any one of 6.