JP2019112095A - Sediment hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sediment hopper capable of solving clogging of viscous soil safely without trouble.SOLUTION: A sediment hopper 1 for storing sediment includes: a hopper body 2 for storing sediment; and an opening/closing gate 3 for discharging sediment which opens/closes by swingably mounted at the lower part of the hopper body 2. An internal wall of the hopper body 2 has a plurality of inclined surfaces (right above gate inclined surface 21, upper part inclined surface 23) inclining to the opening/closing gate 3. On each inclined surface of these inclined surfaces, an air jet hole 25 for jetting compressed air is bored.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sediment hopper for temporarily storing excavated earth and sand until it is discharged to a disposal site in a construction involving an excavating operation such as a pneumatic caisson method.

  In drilling operations such as the pneumatic caisson method, viscous soil is often discharged. Then, when the soil containing a large amount of viscous soil is stored in the soil hopper for a certain time, water is discharged from the soil by its own weight from the gap of the hopper and the soil is consolidated, and the viscous soil adheres to the inner wall of the hopper There was a problem that it could not be discharged naturally because it did not fall naturally. If the gate is blocked, the work of unloading soil will be delayed until the clogged soil is removed, which causes problems in the digging work itself, resulting in a decrease in the productivity of construction work.

  In particular, since it is difficult to carry out by a transportation vehicle such as a dump truck at night due to noise problems, soil including viscous soil in the earth and sand hopper is consolidated by the morning when unloading is resumed, and the gate of the hopper is The problem of blocking the

  Also, as a conventional measure when sticky soil adheres to the inner wall and blocks the gate, a person enters the soil hopper and removes it with a scoop or pokes it from under the gate with a long rod etc. The only way to get rid of it was to remove the soil and remove it with high pressure jet water from under the gate. For this reason, not only cleaning and removal of soil takes time and labor, but also there is a risk of falling and soil falling, which has been a problem on safety.

  In order to solve such a problem, Patent Document 1 discloses that, in a rotary sediment hopper, water is jetted at high pressure from a rotary shaft using a compressor to wash away viscous soil stuck to the inner wall of the sediment hopper. A rotary hopper for discharging is disclosed (see paragraphs [0008] to [0017] of the specification of Patent Document 1 and FIG. 1 etc. of the drawings).

  However, the rotary hopper described in Patent Document 1 injects water at high pressure, and the earth and sand are submerged, and when the earth and sand is carried out by a transportation vehicle such as a dump truck, muddy water drips down and the road The problem of polluting the

  Further, according to Patent Document 2, in the hopper for accumulating combustion ash generated in the boiler, compressed air is injected from a swingable injection port which protrudes inward from the inner wall of the hopper to blow away the combustion ash to clog the hopper. A hopper for combustion ash to be eliminated is disclosed (see claims 1 to 3 of patent claims 2, paragraphs [0019] to [0025] of the specification, figures 1 to 3 of the drawings, etc.).

  However, the hopper described in Patent Document 2 is a hopper for combustion ash and can not be applied to the earth and sand hopper as it is. That is, just by blowing compressed air from above onto the viscous soil, the surface of the earth and sand is scraped off, and the friction of the earth and sand compacted on the inner wall of the hopper is not cut off, and clogging of the gate can not be eliminated.

  Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, compressed air is blown from the back surface of the elastic plate-like body in a hopper of powder and granular material, and the elastic plate-like body is scattered to remove the powder and granular matter attached to the elastic plate-like body. A hopper is disclosed (see claims 1 and 2 in the patent document 3, paragraphs [0018] to [0022] in the specification, and figures 1 to 3 in the drawings).

  However, the hopper described in Patent Document 3 is a hopper of granular material, and can not be applied as it is to the sediment hopper. In addition, the hopper described in Patent Document 3 is essentially an elastic plate-like body, and when applied to a sediment hopper, viscous soil easily adheres to the step between the elastic plate-like body and the inner wall of the hopper There is a problem that it can not eliminate.

JP-A-8-276983 JP, 2010-101556, A JP, 2017-176916, A

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sediment hopper capable of safely solving the clogging of soil without labor. is there.

  The sediment hopper according to claim 1 is a sediment hopper for storing sediment, and the hopper main body for storing sediment, and an open / close gate for sediment discharge which is swingably attached to the lower part of the hopper main body for opening and closing; The inner wall of the hopper body has a plurality of inclined surfaces which are inclined to the opening and closing gate, and air injection holes for injecting compressed air are bored respectively on the respective inclined surfaces of these inclined surfaces. It is characterized by

The earth and sand hopper according to claim 2 is the earth and sand hopper according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall is a multistage inclined surface in which the inclination angle changes in the middle, and the inclined surface directly above the opening and closing gate And an upper inclined surface connected to an upper end of the gate immediately above the inclined surface, and the air injection hole is bored in both the gate immediately upper inclined surface and the upper inclined surface.

  The earth and sand hopper according to claim 3 is the earth and sand hopper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each air injection hole of the air injection hole is equipped with a pressure resistant hose connected to a compressor via an operation valve, The control valve is characterized in that injection or stop of compressed air can be operated for each air injection hole.

  The earth and sand hopper according to claim 4 is the earth and sand hopper according to claim 3, wherein a pressure-resistant hose connected to a compressor is attached to the air injection hole, and the compressor can visually observe the ground or the inside of the hopper main body. It is characterized in that it can be operated or stopped by operation from the operation console.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claims 1-4, only by injecting compressed air from an air injection hole, the earth and sand which has not fallen, such as adhering sticky soil, floats from the slope of the inner wall of a hopper main body, and is discharged from an opening-and-closing gate. Can. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the clogging without easily dropping the earth and sand without labor. In addition, even if earth and sand does not fall naturally and it becomes impossible to discharge earth and sand, people enter the earth and sand hopper and break up a block of soil with a scoop, etc. or poke from under the opening / closing gate with a long rod etc. There is no need to clean and remove clogged soil or to remove soil from under the gate with high pressure jet water. For this reason, it can solve safely that earth and sand can not be discharged from the earth and sand hopper.

  In particular, according to the invention as set forth in claim 2, since the air injection holes are bored in both the inclined surface right above the gate and the upper inclined surface, viscous soil adheres to any of the inclined surfaces and earth and sand falls naturally Even if not, it is possible to easily eliminate the non-fall (clogging) of the earth and sand simply by injecting the compressed air from the air injection holes.

  In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the compressed air can be injected for each air injection hole, and the pressurizing ability of the compressor can be concentrated and injected to the clogged portion where the earth and sand do not fall. For this reason, the part which viscous soil adheres and earth and sand does not fall can eliminate a clogging quickly, and can make it fall.

  In particular, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to activate or stop the compressor and eject or stop the compressed air from the air injection hole only by performing the ON / OFF operation from the ground or the operation console. For this reason, it is possible to immediately eject compressed air as soon as it recognizes that earth and sand does not fall and that the earth and sand popper is clogged, so that the earth and sand discharging operation is not delayed and work efficiency of earth and sand unloading and excavation work is improved. .

It is a front view of the earth and sand hopper which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a right view of the sediment hopper same as the above. It is a top view of the earth and sand hopper same as the above. It is the elements on larger scale which expand and show the connection part of the air injection hole of the earth-and-sand hopper same as the above, and a pressure hose. It is the elements on larger scale which show the valve for operation of the soil hopper same as the above. It is a figure which shows the collecting pipe of the valve | bulb for operation same as the above, (a) is a front view, (b) is a left view, (c) is a top view.

  Hereinafter, one embodiment for carrying out the earth and sand hopper according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the earth and sand hopper 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a front view of the earth and sand hopper 1, FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the earth and sand hopper 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a hopper main body 2 for storing earth and sand, and an earth and sand discharge for swingably attached to the lower part of the hopper main body 2 and opening and closing. And a support frame 4 for supporting them.

  The sediment hopper 1 is a sediment hopper for temporarily storing excavated sediment until the sediment is delivered to a final disposal site in a construction accompanied by excavating work such as the pneumatic caisson method. Of course, the earth and sand hopper according to the present invention is not limited to the one used for excavating work, and it is needless to say that the invention can be applied to a hopper for storing and storing earth and sand temporarily.

(Hopper body)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hopper main body 2 has an open upper end, and has a lower end with a lower end 20 communicating with the opening / closing gate 3. Is a steel hopper. In the present embodiment, the hopper body 2 has a square shape in plan view of 3600 mm × 3600 mm, and is a large-sized large-sized hopper capable of containing about 50 m ³ of soil.

  The inner wall of the hopper body 2 is an upper and lower two-step inclined surface in which the inclination angle changes in the middle. The lower end of the inner wall of the hopper main body 2 is located immediately above the opening / closing gate 3 and is located between the inclined surfaces 21 and 21 immediately above the gate forming the edge of the lower end opening 20 and the inclined surfaces 21 and 21 immediately above these gates. , Vertical surfaces 22 and 22 immediately above the gate that form the edge of the lower end opening 20.

  In addition, the upper inner wall of hopper body 2 has four upper inclined surfaces 23 connected with the upper end of gate upper inclined surface 21 and gate upper upper vertical surface 22 and a rectangular cylindrical height following these four upper inclined surfaces 23 And a bulky upper portion 24 having a vertical inner wall of about 800 mm.

  As shown by black circles in FIGS. 1 to 3, the hopper body 2 is provided with a plurality of air injection holes 25 for injecting compressed air. Two are formed at intervals of 1200 mm on the gate immediately above the inclined surface 21 and the vertical surface 22 immediately above the gate, and two are formed on the upper inclined surface 23 at intervals of 1400 mm in the lower portion. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a total of sixteen air injection holes 25 are formed in the hopper body 2 according to the present embodiment.

(Opening gate)
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, two sets of opening / closing gates 3 are provided for every two lower end openings 20. Each opening / closing gate 3 includes a pair of left and right bucket-like gate bodies 30, a swing shaft 31 for pivotally mounting the gate bodies 30, 30 on the hopper body 2 and the gate body 30, It is comprised from the gate opening / closing hydraulic unit 32 etc. which open and close 30.

  The gate main body 30 is a steel member made of a pair of fan-shaped side plates 30 a and a curved curved plate 30 b connecting the side plates 30 a to each other. The gate main body 30 is pivotally fixed to the lower portion of the outer wall of the hopper main body 2 where the fan-shaped tip of the side surface plate 30a is located outside the vertical surface 22 above the gate.

  The gate opening / closing hydraulic unit 32 has a hydraulic cylinder 32a that operates hydraulically, and moves the rod 32b from the hydraulic cylinder 32a back and forth (stretches) to pull or press the gate body 30 attached to the tip of the rod 32b. It is made to swing by opening and closing by doing.

(Supporting frame)
The support frame 4 is a frame made of steel and has a function of supporting the hopper body 2 and the entire earth and sand hopper 1. The supporting frame 4 includes four columns 40 of circular steel pipe, an intermediate beam 41 of four steel members connected near the center of these columns, and two H bridged to the lower end of the columns 40. It is comprised from the mount frame 42 etc. which consist of section steel (H400x400x13).

  The support frame 4 is joined to the outer surface of the bulk upper portion 24 of the hopper body 2 and is set so that the lower end opening 20 of the hopper body 2 can be installed at a predetermined height.

  The pillars 40 are provided at four corners of the hopper body 2 at intervals of 4000 mm in plan view, and the lower end of the intermediate beam 41 is installed at a height of 3800 mm from the ground so as to be located below the lower end opening 20 ing. Therefore, a large dump truck such as a 10 t truck can pass directly between the pillars 40 and under the intermediate beam 41 and directly below the lower end opening 20.

  Further, on the support frame 4, a plurality of lifting forceps 43 for checking the inside of the hopper body 2, the opening / closing gate 3 and the gate opening / closing hydraulic unit 32 are installed.

(Compression mechanism)
Next, the compression mechanism 5 for sending compressed air to the air injection holes 25 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view showing a joint portion between the air injection hole 25 of the earth and sand hopper 1 and the pressure resistant hose 51, and FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view showing the valve 52 for operating the earth and sand hopper 1. . Further, FIG. 6 is a view showing the collective pipe 53 of the operation valve 52, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a left side view.

  The compression mechanism 5 includes a compressor 50 and a plurality of pressure-resistant hoses 51 having an inner diameter of about 25 mm, which is an air pipe (air hose) for feeding compressed air connected to the compressor 50.

  The compressor 50 is a compressor having a pressurizing capacity of 0.4 MPa or more, and more preferably a high pressure compressor having a pressurizing capacity of 0.7 MPa or more. If the pressure is higher, it is easy to lift up the soil such as viscous soil adhering from the inner wall of the hopper body 2 by the pressure of the compressed air jetted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the pressure resistant hose 51 is firmly connected to the total of sixteen air injection holes 25 by the connection clamp 51 a and the like.

  Of course, the connection of the pressure-resistant hose 51 to the air injection hole 25 is not limited to that connected by the connection clamp 51 a, and the pressure-resistant hose 51 may be directly screwed to the air injection hole 25. It may be bolted. In short, the pressure-resistant hose 51 may be firmly connected to the air injection hole 25 in a state of being able to withstand the pressure of the compressed air.

  Further, the pressure resistant hose 51 is connected to the compressor 50 via an operation valve 52 shown in FIG. 5 installed on the ground. As shown in FIG. 5, the operation valve 52 is composed of a collecting pipe 53, four ball valves 54 mounted on the collecting pipe 53, and the like.

  The collecting pipe 53 is mainly composed of a collecting pipe main body 53a consisting of a 4-inch gas pipe with an inner diameter of 100 mm and closed at one end, as shown in FIG. Further, the collecting pipe main body 53a is formed with an inlet 53b consisting of a 1-inch iron socket communicating with the inside from the end and an outlet 53c consisting of a 1-inch iron socket communicating with the inside from the peripheral surface. There is.

  Two bottom plates 53d made of steel plate with a width of 100 mm and a depth of 50 mm are welded to the lower part of the circumferential surface near both ends of the collecting pipe main body 53a, and stable when the operation valve 52 is placed on the ground. It is supposed to be supported. For this reason, a possibility that the collecting pipe 53 may pulsate due to pressure fluctuation of the compressor 50 and the connection portion of the pressure resistant hose 51 may be disconnected is reduced.

  Further, the pressure resistant hose 51 is branched into a plurality of pipes via the collecting pipe 53, and the ball valve 54 is mounted between the collecting pipe 53 and the pressure resistant hose 51. For this reason, it is possible to freely select the route to the pressure resistant hose 51 branched by opening and closing the ball valve 54. Therefore, the compressed air pressurized by the compressor 50 can be used only at the portion where the soil adheres to the inner wall of the hopper body 2. That is, the pressurizing capacity of the compressor 50 can be concentrated on the clogged portion where the soil does not fall.

  Although this operation valve 52 manually operates the ball valve 54 from the ground, it is remotely controlled from a temporary operation console installed at a height where the inside of the hopper main body 2 can be viewed through a wire or wireless. The valve may be opened and closed at the same time. By doing so, it becomes possible to operate immediately while visually recognizing the portion where the soil does not fall naturally.

  According to the earth and sand hopper 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, only the injection of compressed air from the air injection holes 25 prevents the falling earth and sand such as sticky soil adhering to the inclined surface of the inner wall of the hopper main body 2 from above 21 and the upper inclined surface 23 can be floated and discharged from the open / close gate 3. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the clogging of soil without falling easily without labor. In addition, even if earth and sand does not fall naturally and it becomes impossible to discharge earth and sand, people enter the earth and sand hopper and break up a block of soil with a scoop, etc. or poke from under the opening / closing gate with a long rod etc. There is no need to clean and remove clogged soil or to remove soil from under the gate with high pressure jet water. For this reason, it can solve safely that earth and sand can not be discharged from the earth and sand hopper.

  Further, according to the earth and sand hopper 1, the air injection holes 25 are bored in both of the inclined surface 21 immediately above the gate and the upper inclined surface 23. For this reason, even in the case where soil does not fall naturally due to the viscous soil adhering to any inclined surface, the non-fall (clogging) of the soil can be easily eliminated simply by injecting the compressed air from the air injection holes 25 Can.

  Furthermore, according to the earth and sand hopper 1, the compressor 50 and the air injection hole 25 are connected by the plurality of pressure resistant hoses 51 via the operation valve 52 provided with the ball valve 54. For this reason, compressed air can be injected to any selected air injection hole 25, and the pressurizing capability of the compressor 50 can be concentrated and injected to a clogged portion where earth and sand do not fall. For this reason, the part which viscous soil adheres and earth and sand do not fall can be eliminated quickly.

  In addition to that, according to the earth and sand hopper 1, the compressor 50 can be operated or stopped to eject compressed air from any selected air injection holes 25 only by performing ON / OFF operation from the ground or the operation console. It becomes possible. For this reason, it is possible to immediately eject compressed air to the part as soon as it is recognized that the earth and sand does not fall and the earth and sand popper is clogged, so that the earth and sand discharge work is not delayed, and the work efficiency of the earth and sand discharge and digging work Improve.

  As mentioned above, although the earth and sand hopper which concerns on embodiment of this invention was demonstrated in detail, as for the embodiment mentioned above or shown in figure, all show only one embodiment embodied in order to implement this invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted limitedly by these.

  In particular, as the earth and sand hopper according to the embodiment of the present invention, the one having two lower end openings arranged side by side has been exemplified and described, but one or three or more openings may be used. In addition, although the general shape of the earth and sand hopper has been described by exemplifying an inverted square vertical shape, the earth and sand hopper may have an inverted conical shape or an inverted polygonal vertical shape. In short, the hopper can apply the present invention as long as it can contain soil and has one or more openings at the lower end, and the soil can be discharged by gravity from the openings.

1: Sediment hopper 2: hopper main body 20: lower end opening 21: inclined surface just above gate (inclined surface)
22: Vertical surface just above the gate 23: Upper inclined surface (inclined surface)
24: bulk upper part 25: air injection hole 3: closed gate 30: gate body 30a: side plate 30b: curved plate 31: rocking shaft 32: gate opening and closing hydraulic unit 32a: hydraulic cylinder 32b: rod 4: support frame 40: Column material 41: Intermediate beam 42: Mounting frame 43: Lifting forceps 5: Compression mechanism 50: Compressor 51: Pressure-resistant hose 51a: Connection clamp 52: Operation valve 53: Collecting pipe 53a: Collecting pipe body 53b: Inflow port 53c: Flow Outlet 53d: bottom plate 54: ball valve

Claims (4)

It is a sediment hopper for storing sediment,
It has a hopper main body for storing earth and sand, and an opening and closing gate for earth and sand discharge which is swingably attached to the lower part of the hopper main body to open and close.
The inner wall of the hopper main body has a plurality of inclined surfaces inclined to the opening and closing gate, and air injection holes for injecting compressed air are bored in each of the inclined surfaces of these inclined surfaces. Earth and sand hopper characterized by The inner wall is a multistage inclined surface in which the inclination angle changes in the middle, and has an inclined surface directly above the gate, and an upper inclined surface connected to the upper end of the inclined surface directly above the gate. And
The earth / sand hopper according to claim 1, wherein the air injection hole is bored in both of the inclined surface immediately above the gate and the upper inclined surface. Each air injection hole of the air injection hole is fitted with a pressure resistant hose connected to a compressor via an operation valve,
The earth and sand hopper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein injection or stop of compressed air can be operated for each air injection hole by the operation valve. The sand hopper according to claim 3, wherein the compressor is configured to be operable or stopped by an operation from an operation table capable of visual observation on the ground or in the hopper main body.

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