JP2019108330A - eIF2α経路の調節因子 - Google Patents
eIF2α経路の調節因子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2013年3月15日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/787,633号の利益を主張し、これは、参照によりその全体として、かつあらゆる目的で、本明細書に組み込まれる。
2014年3月14日に作成された、IBM−PC、MS−Windows(登録商標)オペレーティングシステム機形式の3,576バイトの84850−903323_ST25.TXTファイルに書かれた配列表は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
が提供される。
本明細書に使用される略語は、化学及び生物学の分野内での通常の意味を有する。本明細書に記載される化学構造及び式は、化学の分野で既知の標準的な化学的価数規則に従って構築される。
(A)オキソ、ハロゲン、−CF3、−CN、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−NHSO2CH3、−N3、非置換アルキル、非置換ヘテロアルキル、非置換シクロアルキル、非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、非置換アリール、非置換ヘテロアリール、ならびに
(B)
(i)オキソ、ハロゲン、−CF3、−CN、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−NHSO2CH3、−N3、非置換アルキル、非置換ヘテロアルキル、非置換シクロアルキル、非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、非置換アリール、非置換ヘテロアリール、及び
(ii)
(a)オキソ、ハロゲン、−CF3、−CN、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−NHSO2CH3、−N3、非置換アルキル、非置換ヘテロアルキル、非置換シクロアルキル、非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、非置換アリール、非置換ヘテロアリール、及び
(b)オキソ、ハロゲン、−CF3、−CN、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−NHSO2CH3、−N3、非置換アルキル、非置換ヘテロアルキル、非置換シクロアルキル、非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、非置換アリール、非置換ヘテロアリールから選択される少なくとも1つの置換基で置換されるアルキル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、
から選択される少なくとも1つの置換基で置換される、アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、
から選択される少なくとも1つの置換基で置換される、アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール。
シム;プラセチンA;プラセチンB;プラスミノーゲン活性化因子阻害剤;白金複合体;白金化合物;白金−トリアミン複合体;ポルフィマーナトリウム;ポルフィロマイシン;プレドニゾン;プロピルビス−アクリドン;プロスタグランジンJ2;プロテアソーム阻害剤;プロテインAに基づく免疫調節剤;タンパク質キナーゼC阻害剤;タンパク質キナーゼC阻害剤、微細藻類;タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ阻害剤;プリンヌクレオシドホスホリラーゼ阻害剤;プルプリン;ピラゾロアクリジン;ピリドキシル化ヘモグロビンポリオキシエチレリエ抱合体(pyridoxylated hemoglobin polyoxyethylerie conjugate);rafアンタゴニスト;ラルチトレキシド;ラモセトロン;rasファルネシルタンパク質トランスフェラーゼ阻害剤;ras阻害剤;ras−GAP阻害剤;脱メチル化レテリプチン(retelliptine demethylated);レニウムRe186エチドロン酸塩(rhenium Re 186 etidronate);リゾキシン;リボザイム;RIIレチナミド(RII retinamide);ログレチミド;ロヒツキン(rohitukine);ロムルチド;ロキニメックス;ルビギノンB1;ルボキシル;サフィンゴール;サイントピン;SarCNU;サルコフィトールA;サルグラモスチム;Sdi 1模倣体;セムスチン;老化由来の阻害剤1;センスオリゴヌクレオチド;シグナル伝達阻害剤;シグナル伝達調節剤;一本鎖抗原結合タンパク質;シゾフラン(sizofuran);ソブゾキサン;ボロカプテイトナトリウム;フェニル酢酸ナトリウム;ソルベロール(solverol);ソマトメジン結合タンパク質;ソネルミン(sonermin);スパルホス酸;スピカマイシンD;スピロムスチン;スプレノペンチン;スポンギスタチン1;スクアラミン;幹細胞阻害剤;管細胞分裂阻害剤;スピチアミド;ストロメリシン阻害剤;スルフィノシン;超活性血管作動性腸管ペプチドアンタゴニスト;スラジスタ(suradista);スラミン;スワインソニン;合成グリコサミノグリカン;タリムスチン;タモキシフェンメチオジド;タウロムスチン;タザロテン;テコガランナトリウム(tecogalan sodium);テガフール;テルラピリリウム;テロメラーゼ阻害剤;テモポルフィン;テモゾロミド;テニポシド;テトラクロロデカオキシド;テトラゾミン;タリブラスチン;チオコラリン;トロンボポチエン;トロンボポエチン模倣体;チマルファシン;チモポエチン受容体アゴニスト;チモトリナン;甲状腺刺激ホルモン;エチルエチオプルプリンスズ;チラパザミン;二塩化チタノセン(titanocene bichloride);トプセンチン;トレミフェン;分化全能性幹細胞因子;翻訳阻害剤;トレチノイン;トリアセチルウリジン;トリシリビン;トリメトレキサート;トリプトレリン;トロピセトロン;ツロステリド;チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤;チルホスチン;UBC阻害剤;ウベニメクス;非尿生殖洞由来成長阻害性因子;ウロキナーゼ受容体アンタゴニスト;バプレオチド;バリオリンB;ベクター系、赤血球遺伝子治療薬;ベラレソール(velaresol);ベラミン(veramine);ベルジン(verdin);ベルテポルフィン;ビノレルビン;ビンキサルチン(vinxaltine);ビタキシン(vitaxin);ボロゾール;ザノテロン;ゼニプラチン;ジラスコルブ;ジノスタチンスチマラマー、アドリアマイシン、ダクチノマイシン、ブレオマイシン、ビンブラスチン、シスプラチン、アシビシン;アクラルビシン;アコダゾール塩酸塩;アクロニン;アゾゼレシン;アルデスロイキン;アルトレタミン;アンボマイシン(ambomycin);酢酸アメタントロン;アミノグルテチミド;アムサクリン;アナストロゾール;アントラマイシン;アスパラギナーゼ;アスペルリン;アザシチジン;アゼテパ;アゾトマイシン;バチマスタット;ベンゾデパ;ビカルタミド;ビサントレン塩酸塩;ジメシル酸ビスナフィド(bisnafide dimesylate);ビゼレシン;硫酸ブレオマイシン;ブレキナルナトリウム;ブロピリミン;ブスルファン;カクチノマイシン;カルステロン;カラセミド;カルベチマー;カルボプラチン;カルムスチン;カルビシン塩酸塩;カルゼレシン;セデフィンゴール;クロラムブシル;シロレマイシン(cirolemycin);クラドリビン;メシル酸クリスナトール;シクロホスファミド;シタラビン;ダカルバジン;ダウノルビシン塩酸塩;デシタビン;デキソルマプラチン;デザグアニン;メシル酸デザグアニン;ジアジクオン;ドキソルビシン;ドキソルビシン塩酸塩;ドロロキシフェン;クエン酸ドロロキシフェン(droloxifene citrate);プロピオン酸ドロモスタノロン;デュアゾマイシン;エダトレキサート;エフロルニチン塩酸塩;エルサミトルシン;エンロプラチン;エンプロメート(empromate);エピプロピジン;エピルビシン塩酸塩;エルブロゾール;エソルビシン塩酸塩;エストラムスチン;エストラムスチンリン酸ナトリウム;エタニダゾール;エトポシド;リン酸エトポシド;エトプリン;ファドロゾール塩酸塩;ファザラビン;フェンレチニド;フロクスウリジン;リン酸フルダラビン;フルオロウラシル;フルオロシタビン(fluorocitabine);ホスキドン(fosquidone);フォストリエシンナトリウム;ゲムシタビン;ゲムシタビン塩酸塩;ヒドロキシ尿素;イダルビシン塩酸塩;イホスファミド;イイモホシン(iimofosine);インターロイキンI1(組み換えインターロイキンIIもしくはrlL.sub.2を含む)、α−2a;インターフェロンα−2b;インターフェロンα−n1;インターフェロンα−n3;インターフェロンβ−1a;インターフェロンγ−1b;イプロプラチン(iproplatin);イリノテカン塩酸塩;酢酸ランレオチド;レトロゾール;酢酸ロイプロリド;リアロゾール塩酸塩;ロメトレキソールナトリウム;ロムスチン;ロソキサントロン塩酸塩;マソプロコール;マイタンシン;メクロレタミン塩酸塩;酢酸メゲストロール;酢酸メレンゲストロール;メルファラン;メノガリル;メルカプトプリン;メトトレキサート;メトトレキサートナトリウム;メトプリン(metoprine);メツレデパ;ミチンドミド;ミトカルシン(mitocarcin);ミトクロミン(mitocromin);ミトギリン;ミトマルシン(mitomalcin);マイトマイシン;ミトスペル(mitosper);ミトタン;ミトキサントロン塩酸塩;ミコフェノール酸;ノコダゾール(nocodazoie);ノガラマイシン;オルマプラチン;オキシスラン;ペグアスパルガーゼ;ペリオマイシン(peliomycin);ペンタムスチン;硫酸ペプロマイシン;ペルホスファミド;ピポブロマン;ピポスルファン;ピロキサントロン塩酸塩;プリカマイシン;プロメスタン;ポルフィマーナトリウム;ポルフィロマイシン;プレドニムスチン;プロカルバジン塩酸塩;ピューロマイシン;ピューロマイシン塩酸塩;ピラゾフリン;リボプリン;ログレチミド;サフィンゴール;サフィンゴール塩酸塩;セムスチン;シムトラゼン;スパルホサートナトリウム;スパルソマイシン;スピロゲルマニウム塩酸塩;スピロムスチン;スピロプラチン;ストレプトニグリン;ストレプトゾシン;スロフェヌル;タリソマイシン;テコガランナトリウム(tecogalan sodium);テガフール;テロキサントロン塩酸塩;テモポルフィン;テニポシド;テロキシロン;テストラクトン;チアミプリン(thiamiprine);チオグアニン;チオテパ;チアゾフリン;チラパザミン;クエン酸トレミフェン;酢酸トレストロン;リン酸トリシリビン;トリメトレキサート;グルクロン酸トリメトレキサート;トリプトレリン;ツブロゾール塩酸塩;ウラシルマスタード;ウレデパ;バプレオチド;ベルテポルフィン;硫酸ビンブラスチン;硫酸ビンクリスチン;ビンデシン;硫酸ビンデシン;硫酸ビネピジン;硫酸ビングリシネート;硫酸ビンロイロシン;酒石酸ビノレルビン;硫酸ビンロシジン;硫酸ビンゾリジン;ボロゾール;ゼニプラチン;ジノスタチン;ゾルビシン塩酸塩、(例えば、Taxol(商標)(すなわちパクリタキセル)、Taxotere(商標)、タキサン骨格を有する化合物、エルブロゾール(すなわちR−55104)、ドラスタチン10(すなわちDLS−10及びNSC−376128)、イセチオン酸ミボブリン(すなわちCI−980として)、ビンクリスチン、NSC−639829、ディスコデルモリド(すなわちNVP−XX−A−296として)、ABT−751(Abbott、すなわちE−7010)、アルトリルチン(Altorhyrtin)(例えば、アルトリルチンA及びアルトリルチンC)、スポンジスタチン(例えば、スポンジスタチン1、スポンジスタチン2、スポンジスタチン3、スポンジスタチン4、スポンジスタチン5、スポンジスタチン6、スポンジスタチン7、スポンジスタチン8、及びスポンジスタチン9)、セマドチン塩酸塩(すなわちLU−103793及びNSC−D−669356)、エポチロン(例えば、エポチロンA、エポチロンB、エポチロンC(すなわちデオキシエポチロンAもしくはdEpoA)、エポチロンD(すなわちKOS−862、dEpoB、及びデオキシエポチロンB)、エポチロンE、エポチロンF、エポチロンB N−オキシド、エポチロンA N−オキシド、16−アザ−エポチロンB、21−アミノエポチロンB(すなわちBMS−310705)、21−ヒドロキシエポチロンD(すなわちデオキシエポチロンF及びdEpoF)、26−フルオロエポチロン、オーリスタチンPE(すなわちNSC−654663)、ソブリドチン(すなわちTZT−1027)、LS−4559−P(Pharmacia、すなわちLS−4577)、LS−4578(Pharmacia、すなわちLS−477−P)、LS−4477(Pharmacia)、LS−4559(Pharmacia)、RPR−112378(Aventis)、硫酸ビンクリスチン、DZ−3358(Daiichi)、FR−182877(Fujisawa、すなわちWS−9885B)、GS−164(Takeda)、GS−198(Takeda)、KAR−2(Hungarian Academy of Sciences)、BSF−223651(BASF、すなわちILX−651及びLU−223651)、SAH−49960(Lilly/Novartis)、SDZ−268970(Lilly/Novartis)、AM−97(Armad/Kyowa Hakko)、AM−132(Armad)、AM−138(Armad/Kyowa Hakko)、IDN−5005(Indena)、クリプトフィシン52(すなわちLY−355703)、AC−7739(Ajinomoto、すなわちAVE−8063A及びCS−39.HCl)、AC−7700(Ajinomoto、すなわちAVE−8062、AVE−8062A、CS−39−L−Ser.HCl、及びRPR−258062A)、ビチレブアミド、チューブリシンA、カナデンソール、センタウレイジン(すなわちNSC−106969)、T−138067(Tularik、すなわちT−67、TL−138067、及びTI−138067)、COBRA−1(Parker Hughes Institute、すなわちDDE−261及びWHI−261)、H10(Kansas State University)、H16(Kansas State University)、オンコシジンA1(すなわちBTO−956及びDIME)、DDE−313(Parker Hughes Institute)、フィジアノリド(Fijianolide)B、ラウリマリド、SPA−2(Parker Hughes Institute)、SPA−1(Parker H
ughes Institute、すなわちSPIKET−P)、3−IAABU(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine、すなわちMF−569)、ナルコシン(Narcosine)(NSC−5366としても知られる)、ナスカピン(Nascapine)D−24851(Asta Medica)、A−105972(Abbott)、ヘミアステリン、3−BAABU(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine、すなわちMF−191)、TMPN(Arizona State University)、バナドセンアセチルアセトナート、T−138026(Tularik)、モンサトロール(Monsatrol)、イナノシン(lnanocine)(すなわちNSC−698666)、3−IAABE(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine)、A−204197(Abbott)、T−607(Tuiarik、すなわちT−900607)、RPR−115781(Aventis)、エロイテロビン(デスメチルエロイテロビン、デスアセチルエロイテロビン(Desaetyleleutherobin)、イソエロイテロビンA、及びZ−エロイテロビン等)、カリベオシド、カリベオリン、ハリコンドリンB、D−64131(Asta Medica)、D−68144(Asta Medica)、ジアゾナミドA、A−293620(Abbott)、NPI−2350(Nereus)、タッカロノリドA、TUB−245(Aventis)、A−259754(Abbott)、ジオゾスタチン(Diozostatin)、(−)−フェニラヒスチン(Phenylahistin)(すなわちNSCL−96F037)、D−68838(Asta Medica)、D−68836(Asta Medica)、ミオセベリン(Myoseverin)B、D−43411(Zentaris、すなわちD−81862)、A−289099(Abbott)、A−318315(Abbott)、HTI−286(すなわちSPA−110、トリフルオロ酢酸塩)(Wyeth)、D−82317(Zentaris)、D−82318(Zentaris)、SC−12983(NCI)、リン酸レスベラスタチンナトリウム(Resverastatin phosphate sodium)、BPR−OY−007(National Health Research Institutes)、ならびにSSR−250411(Sanofi))、ステロイド(例えば、デキサメタゾン)、フィナステリド、アロマターゼ阻害剤、ゴナドトロピン放出ホルモンアゴニスト(GnRH)、例えば、ゴセレリンもしくはロイプロリド、副腎皮質ステロイド(例えば、プレドニゾン)、プロゲスチン(例えば、カプロン酸ヒドロキシプロゲステロン、酢酸メゲストロール、酢酸メドロキシプロゲステロン)、エストロゲン(例えば、ジエチルスチルベストロール(diethlystilbestrol)、エチニルエストラジオール)、抗エストロゲン薬(例えば、タモキシフェン)、アンドロゲン(例えば、プロピオン酸テストステロン、フルオキシメステロン)、抗アンドロゲン薬(例えば、フルタミド)、免疫刺激剤(例えば、カルメット・ゲラン桿菌(BCG)、レバミゾール、インターロイキン−2、α−インターフェロン等)、モノクローナル抗体(例えば、抗CD20、抗HER2、抗CD52、抗HLA−DR、及び抗VEGFモノクローナル抗体)、免疫毒素(例えば、抗CD33モノクローナル抗体−カリケアマイシン複合体、抗CD22モノクローナル抗体−シュードモナス外毒素複合体等)、放射性免疫療法薬(例えば、111In, 90Y、もしくは131I等に複合体化された抗CD20モノクローナル抗体)、トリプトリド、ホモハリントニン、ダクチノマイシン、ドキソルビシン、エピルビシン、トポテカン、イトラコナゾール、ビンデシン、セリバスタチン、ビンクリスチン、デオキシアデノシン、セルトラリン、ピタバスタチン、イリノテカン、クロファジミン、5−ノニルオキシトリプタミン、ベムラフェニブ、ダブラフェニブ、エルロチニブ、ゲフィチニブ、EGFR阻害剤、上皮成長因子受容体(EGFR)を標的とする治療もしくは治療薬(例えば、ゲフィチニブ(Iressa(商標))、エルロチニブ(Tarceva(商標))、セツキシマブ(Erbitux(商標))、ラパチニブ(Tykerb(商標))、パニツムマブ(Vectibix(商標))、バンデタニブ(Caprelsa(商標))、アファチニブ/BIBW2992、CI−1033/カネルチニブ、ネラチニブ/HKI−272、CP−724714、TAK−285、AST−1306、ARRY334543、ARRY−380、AG−1478、ダコミチニブ/PF299804、OSI−420/デスメチルエルロチニブ、AZD8931、AEE788、ペリチニブ/EKB−569、CUDC−101、WZ8040、WZ4002、WZ3146、AG−490、XL647、PD153035、BMS−599626)、ソラフェニブ、イマチニブ、スニチニブ、ダサチニブ等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
第1の態様において、統合的ストレス応答関連疾患の治療を、そのような治療を必要とする患者において行う方法であって、該患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、該化合物は式
別の態様において、患者における長期記憶を改善する方法であって、該患者に化合物の治療有効量を投与することを含み、該化合物は、実施形態を含めて、本明細書に記載される化合物(例えば、本明細書の別の方法、または以下の化合物の節、または実施例、表、図、もしくは特許請求の範囲における使用に関して記載される化合物を含む、式I、Ia、Ib、Ic、Id、Ie、If、Ig、Ih、II、III、IIIa、IIIb、IIIc、もしくはIVの化合物、またはその任意の実施形態)である、方法が提供される。実施形態において、患者は、ヒトである。実施形態において、患者は、非ヒト哺乳動物である。実施形態において、患者は、家畜動物である。実施形態において、患者は、イヌである。実施形態において、患者は、トリである。実施形態において、患者は、ウマである。実施形態において、患者は、ウシである。実施形態において、患者は、霊長類である。
我々はまた、本明細書に開示される化合物(例えば、ISRIB)が、インビトロウサギ網状赤血球系において翻訳を増加させることを示した。本明細書に開示される化合物(例えば、ISRIB)は、タンパク質産生のインビトロ無細胞系等、タンパク質産生の産生量を増加させることが望ましい場合の用途に有用であることが証明され得る。インビトロ系は、翻訳の産生量を低減させる、基礎eIF2aリン酸化レベルを有する[58、59]。同様にハイブリドーマによる抗体の産生もまた、本明細書に開示される化合物(例えば、ISRIB)の添加によって改善され得る。
この化合物の節に記載される化合物は、本明細書に記載される方法のうちのいずれかに含まれ得る。したがって、我々は、細胞に基づくアッセイにおいて翻訳の減弱をもたらす、PERK媒介性シグナルの一連の小分子阻害剤(例えば、ISRIB)を特定した。加えて、本化合物は、同じ残基(セリン51)のeIF2αリン酸化をもたらす3つのeIF2αキナーゼ:GCN2、PKR、及びHRIの作用を阻害し、したがって、ISR阻害剤である、本開示の化合物(例えば、ISRIB)は、細胞を、eIF2αリン酸化の効果に耐性にする。翻訳開始に対するeIF2αリン酸化の効果に対して細胞を非感受性にすることができる小分子は特定されていなかった。現在のところ、これらの化合物は毒性を示しておらず、良好な薬物動態特性を有する。これらの化合物を使用して、4つのeIF2αキナーゼPERK(ERストレスによって活性化される)、PKR(ウイルス感染によって活性化される)、HRI(ヘム欠乏によって活性化される)、及びGCN2(アミノ酸飢餓によって活性化される)による翻訳制御を遮断することができる。
本化合物は、式
実施形態において、化合物は、
(式中、L1及びL2の両方が結合または非置換メチレンであり、Xbがハロゲン化物である)ではない。実施形態において、本化合物は、式(Vd)の化合物(式中、L1及びL2が、独立して、結合または非置換メチレンであり、Xbがハロゲン化物である)ではない。
実施形態において、本化合物は、
別の態様において、薬学的に許容される賦形剤と、実施形態を含めて、本明細書に記載される化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩(例えば、式I、Ia、Ib、Ic、Id、Ie、If、Ig、Ih、II、III、IIIa、IIIb、IIIc、もしくはIVの化合物、またはその任意の実施形態、本明細書において方法での使用が記載されるか、または実施例、表、図、もしくは特許請求の範囲に記載される化合物)と、を含む、薬学的組成物が提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、本化合物は、表2に記載される化合物である。薬学的組成物の実施形態において、実施形態を含めて、本明細書に記載される化合物または其の薬学的に許容される塩(例えば、本明細書の方法、または上述の化合物の節、または実施例、表、図、もしくは特許請求の範囲における使用が記載される化合物を含む、式I、Ia、Ib、Ic、Id、Ie、If、Ig、Ih、II、III、IIIa、IIIb、IIIc、もしくはIVの化合物、またはその任意の実施形態)は、治療有効量で含まれる。
1p. 疾患の治療を、そのような治療を必要とする患者において行う方法であって、該患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、該疾患は、癌、神経変性疾患、白質消失疾患、CNSミエリン形成不全を伴う小児運動失調、及び知的障害症からなる群から選択され、該化合物は、式
PERKシグナリングの小分子阻害剤についての細胞に基づく高スループットのスクリーニングで開始して、我々は、強力に(IC50=5nM)eIF2αリン酸化の効果を逆転させ、その機能的結果を効果的に鈍化させる、ISRIBという名称の化合物を特定した。
ヒト全長ATF4 5’−UTR(NCBI受託番号BC022088.2)を、ホタルルシフェラーゼ(FLuc)または開始メチオニンを欠く脱安定化eGFP(dEGFP)コード配列の前に融合することによって、ATF4レポーターを構築した。
野生型マウスeIF2αのコード配列であるホスホ模倣(S51D)突然変異体を、哺乳動物発現ベクターからPCRによって増幅させた(David Ronからの厚意による贈与)。BamHI及びEcoRI認識部位を、プライマーに設計した。加えて、Kozakコンセンサス配列及びN末端FLAGエピトープタグを、順方向プライマーにおいて設計した。結果として得られたPCR産物をテトラサイクリン誘導可能レトロウイルス発現ベクターpRetroX−Tight−Pur−GOI(Clontech)の同系部位にサブクローニングした。逆芳香テトラサイクリントランスアクチベーター(rtTA)を安定に発現する293T標的細胞を、VSV−G偽型レトロウイルスコードrtTA(pRetroX−Tet−On Advanced,Clontech)を使用して標準的なレトロウイルスの形質導入によって生成し、Geneticynで選択した。これらの細胞に、続いて、eIF2α(S51D)(DAA−A681)突然変異アレルをコードするVSV−G偽型レトロウイルスを形質導入し、結果としてピューロマイシン選択される、テトラサイクリン誘導可能な安定な細胞系を得た。
6xHis−3xFLAG−hsATF6−αを、p3xFLAGCMV7.1−ATF6(43)からのPCRによって生成し、pcDNA5/FRT/TOにクローニングした。pcDNA5/FRT/TO−6xHis−3xFLAG−hsATF6−αを、製造業者(Invitrogen)の指示書に従って、pOG44とともにFlp−In TRex細胞(44)にコトランスフェクトした。100μg/mのハイグロマイシンB(Gold Biotechnology)で選択した後、単コロニーを単離し、増殖させ、タグ化ATF6の発現について試験した。
ATF4ルシフェラーゼレポーターを保持するHEK293T細胞を、ポリ−リジンコーティングした384ウェルプレート(Greiner)に、1ウェル当たり30,000個の細胞で播種した。翌日、細胞を100nMのタプシガルギン及び10μMのライブラリ化合物(106,281個の化合物の多様性ライブラリ)で6時間処置した。製造業者によって指定されるようにOne Glo(Promega)を使用して発光を測定した。一次スクリーニングは、Z’=0.5を有し、その適合率は、0.6%であった(化合物は、それらのルシフェラーゼ読み出し値が、54%阻害に相当するタプシガルギン処置細胞の平均発光強度の3標準偏差を上回った場合に、適合であると見なした)。これらのうち、187個の化合物のみが、UPRのIRE1分枝の活性化を測定するための代表として使用されたXBP1−ルシフェラーゼスプライシングレポーターに適合しなかった。したがって、これらは、PERK分枝に固有であると見なし、さらなる分析のために選抜した。
ATF4−dGFP−IRES−Cherryレポーターを保持するU2OS細胞を、96プレートに播種し、100nMのタプシガルギン及び10μMの選抜化合物で8時間処置した。細胞をHoechst 33258で染色し、自動化顕微鏡(InCell Analyzer 2000,GE Healthcare)を使用して視覚化した。データ取得及び画像分析を、INCell Developer Toolboxソフトウェアバージョン1.9(GE Healthcare)を用いて行った。ATF4−dGFPレポーターの誘導を遮断した化合物は、IRESの下流のmCherryを遮断せず、核を計数することによって測定した細胞数で判断すると非毒性であると見られ、さらなる分析のために再購入した。
腹腔内(ip)及び静脈内(iv)の投与経路を、6〜7週齡の雌性CD−1マウス(Harlan Laboratories)に行った。動物に、単回5mg/kg用量を3匹のマウス/化合物/投与経路の群で受容させた。ip及びivについては、投薬するISRIBをDMSO中に溶解させた後、Super−Refined PEG 400(Croda)中で1:1希釈。血液(80ul)を、伏在静脈から、投薬後に複数の間隔(20分、1時間、3時間、8時間、24時間)で、EDTAを含有する採血管(Sarstadt CB300)中に採取し、血漿を分析用に調製した。化合物を、飛行時間型質量分析によって検出した。
前に示されたように、非リン酸化可能eIF2αに同型の細胞であるeIF2α(S51A)は、ERストレス特性に対処することができず、生存率の低減をもたらす(19)。これは、eIF2αリン酸化の下流の事象が、ストレスの解決に必要とされることを示す。図5aに示されるように、野生型細胞のISRIB処置は、類似の結果を有した。重要な事に、ISRIB単独の添加は、急性処置後に形成されるコロニーの数から判断すると、細胞生存率に影響を及ぼさなかった。対照的に、ISRIBの添加は、ERストレスを受けた細胞に対して強力な相乗効果をもたらし、コロニーの数及び大きさをERストレス単独よりも大幅に低減させた。細胞生存におけるこの低減は、執行カスパーゼ3及び/または7の活性がこれらの条件下で著しく誘導したときにアポトーシスの活性化からもたらされた(図5b)(20)。
U2OS細胞を、96ウェルプラートに播種し、回復させるように一晩置いた。細胞を、100nMのISRIBの存在下もしくは不在下において2μg/mlのツニカマイシンもしくは100nMのタプシガルギンで、または示されるようにISRIB単独でのいずれかで処置し、eIF2αリン酸化のレベルを、製造業者の推奨に従ってAlphaScreen SureFire eIF2α(p−Ser51)Assayキット(Perkin Elmer)を使用して決定した。プレートを、標準的なAlpha Screen設定を使用してEnvision Xcite Multilabel Readerで読み取った。
HEK293T細胞を、12ウェルプレートに蒔き、一晩回復させ、示される化合物で示される時間処置した。続いて、細胞を、20分間、メチオニン及びシステインを欠く示される化合物及び50μCiの35S−メチオニン(Perkin Elmer)を補充した培地に交換した。SDS−PAGEローディング緩衝液の添加によって細胞を溶解させた。溶解物を超音波処理し、等量をSDS−PAGEゲル(BioRad)に充填した。ゲルを乾燥させ、放射性メチオニン組み込みを、蛍光面への曝露によって検出し、Typhoon 9400 Variable Mode Imager(GE Healthcare)で視覚化した。
GFP−IRE1を保持するT−REx293細胞を、Li et al,PNAS(45)に記載のように画像化した。
Hela細胞を、画像化の24時間前に0.4×104細胞/ウェルで96ウェルCorningプレートに播種した。実験の日に、DMEM培地を、適切な濃度の阻害剤及びERストレス誘導剤、ならびに1:1000希釈のカスパーゼ3/7試薬(Essen Bioscience#4440)を有するF12培地と置き換えた。細胞を、2時間間隔で70時間、IncuCyte FLR生細胞画像化システムで画像化した。総細胞数を定量化するために、Vybrant DyeCycle Green染色溶液(1μM)を、最後の−3/7スキャンの直後にウェルに直接添加し、最後の画像を取得する前に1時間インキュベートした。IncuCyte分析ソフトウェアを使用してデータを分析した。
U2OS細胞を96ウェルプレートに播種し、一晩回復させた。細胞を、示される化合物で示される時間処置し、溶解させ、製造業者の推奨に従ってPowerSYBR Green Cells−to−CTキット(Ambion)を使用してcDNAを合成した。反応をOpticon 2サーマルサイクラー(BioRad)で実行し、Opticon Monitor v3ソフトウェア(BioRad)で分析しあ。次のオリゴヌクレオチドを増幅反応に使用した:ヒトGADD34:5’−GTAGCCTGATGGGGTGCTT−3’(配列番号1)及び5’−TGAGGCAGCCGGAGATAC−3’(配列番号2);ヒトCHOP:5’−AGCCAAAATCAGAGCTGGAA−3’(配列番号3)及び5’−TGGATCAGTCTGGAAAAGCA−3’(配列番号4);ヒトGAPDH:5’−TGGAAGATGGTGATGGGATT−3’(配列番号5)及び5’−AGCCACATCGCTCAGACAC−3’(配列番号6)。
上述のようにPowerSYBR Green Cells−to−CT(商標)キット(Ambion)を用いて得られたcDNAを、Taqmanアッセイに使用して。TaqManアッセイは、iQ Supermix(BioRad)、250nMの各外部のプライマー、200nMのFAM−XBP1Uプローブ、または100nMのHEX−XBP1Sプローブを使用して設定した。次いで、反応を、リアルタイムDNA Engine Opticon 2 PCRサーマルサイクラー(BioRad)で実行し、Opticon Monitor v3ソフトウェア(BioRad)で分析した。ヒトXBP1unspliced/spliced(u/s)TaqManアッセイに用いた外部プライマーは次のものであった:5’−GAAGCCAAGGGGAATGAAGT−3’(配列番号7)及び5’−GAGATGTTCTGGAGGGGTGA−3’(配列番号8)。ヒトXBP1sまたはXBP1uに特異的なTaqManプローブは次のものであった:5’−FAM−CAGCACTCAGACTACGTGCACCTCTG−BHQ1−3’(配列番号9)及び5’−HEX−TCTGCTGAGTCCGCAGCAGGTGCA−BHQ1−3’(配列番号10)。当業者であれば、Taqmanプローブに使用される「HEX」、「FAM」、及び「BHQ−1」という用語の意味を理解するであろう。
処置または非処置HEK293T細胞からの全RNAを、製造業者の推奨に従ってTRIzol(Invitrogen)を使用して抽出した。500ngの全RNAを、SuperScriptVilo cDNA Synthesisキット(Invitrogen)を使用して逆転写した。cDNAをTE(pH=8)中に10分の1で希釈し、全反応物の1%をPCR増幅反応の鋳型として使用した。XBP1プライマーは、26−ヌクレオチドイントロンに隣接し、スプライシングアンプリコン(222bp)及び非スプライシングアンプリコン(248bp)の両方を産生する。PCR産物を、2.5%アガロース中で分解させた。以下のオリゴヌクレオチドを増幅反応に使用した:ヒトXBP1については5’−ACTGGGTCCAAGTTGTCCAG−3’(配列番号11)及び5’−GGAGTTAAGACAGCGCTTGG−3’(配列番号12);ヒトGAPDHについては5’−TGGAAGATGGTGATGGGATT−3’(配列番号13)及び5’−AGCCACATCGCTCAGACAC−3’(配列番号14)。
細胞をSDS−PAGEローディング緩衝液(1%SDS、62.5mM Tris−HCl pH6.8、10%グリセロール)中に溶解させた。溶解物を超音波処理し、等量をSDS−PAGEゲル(BioRad)に充填した。タンパク質をニトロセルロースに移し、0.1%Tween 20及び5%ウシ胎仔血清を補充したTris緩衝生理食塩水中に希釈した一次抗体でプローブした。以下の抗体を使用した:CREB−2(C−20)(1:800)(Santa CruzBiotechnologies);PERK(D11A8)(1:1000)、PERK(C33E10)(1:1000)、eIF2α(9722)(1:1000)、ホスホ−eIF2α(Ser51)(D9G8)XP(3398)(1:1000)(Cell Signaling Technology);XBP1s(C末端)(1:500)(BioLegend);M2 Flag(1:1000)(Sigma)。HRP複合体化した二次抗体(Amersham)を用いて、強化化学発光SuperSignal,Thermo Scientific)を使用して免疫反応性帯域を検出した。
免疫蛍光法のための処理の18時間前に、U2OS細胞をSlide Flask(Thermo Scientific)に蒔いた。細胞(60%コンフルエント)を、15分間、PBS中4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した。次いで、細胞をPBSで3回すすぎ、0.3%Triton X−100で透過処理した。固定した細胞をPBSで3回すすぎ、0.1%Triton X−100及び5%正常ヤギ血清を補充したPBS中、室温で1時間ブロッキングした。次いで、ブロッキング緩衝液中、1:1000希釈で、抗CHOPマウスモノクローナル抗体(Cell Signaling Technology L63F7)とともに細胞を4℃で一晩インキュベートした。翌朝、スライドをPBST(PBS−0.1%Triton X−100)で3回(毎回5分間)洗浄した。次いで、スライドを、Alexa Dye 488で標識した抗マウス二次抗体(Molecular Probes)の1:500希釈物(ブロッキング緩衝液中)中、室温で1時間インキュベートした。次いで、スライドをPBSTでさらに3回洗浄した。次いで、細胞を、室温で10分間、ローダミンファロイジン(PBS中1:1,000)で対比染色して、アクチン細胞骨格を示した。最後に、Vectashield(Vector)封入剤を使用してスライドを封入し、Zeiss Axiovert 200M落射蛍光顕微鏡を使用して画像化した。
eIF2α(S51D)を発現するマウス胎児線維芽細胞(MEF)またはTREx−293細胞を、150mmのプレートに蒔き、80%コンフルエンスまで成長させた。次いで、細胞を、25nMのドキシサイクリンとともに14時間インキュベートし、続いて、示される時間、適切な化合物で処置した。溶解の1分前に、100μg/mlのシクロヘキシミドを細胞に添加した。細胞を、100μg/mlシクロヘキシミドを補充したPBSで2回洗浄した後、20mM Tris pH7.4、200mM NaCl、15mM MgCl、1mM DTT、8%グリセロール、100μg/mlシクロヘキシミド、1%Triton X−100、及びEDTA不含プロテアーゼ阻害錠(Roche)中に溶解させた。細胞を擦り落とし、収集し、257/8ゲージの針で粉砕し、ホモジネートを10,000×gで10分間遠心分離した。上清を10〜50%のスクロース勾配で充填し、150,000×gで2.4時間、SW40ローターで沈降させた。ピストン勾配分留装置(BioComp)を使用して勾配を分留し、254nmでのUV吸光度をUV−Monitor(BioRad)を用いて監視した。
ISRIBによる翻訳の減弱の逆転は、慢性小胞体(ER)ストレスによるPERK活性化を受ける細胞の生存率を相乗的に低減させる。eIF2αリン酸化は、脳内の新たなタンパク質の合成を調節することによって、記憶固定に関係している。顕著なことに、ISRIBを注射した野生型マウスは、空間及び恐怖に関連する学習の有意な強化を示す。これらの結果は、正常な動物における記憶固定が、本質的にISRによって制限されること、及びISRIBがこの制限を解放し得ることを示す。このように、ISRIBは、認知障害の理解及び治療に貢献することが見込まれる。
マウスを、直径10cmのプラットフォームが隠された直径100cmの水プールにおいて訓練した。マウスを実験の3日前に毎日訓練し、訓練プロトコルは、1日1回の水泳試行で構成された。各マウスは、隠されたプラットフォームを見つけるまでか、または120秒間泳がせ(穏やかにプラットフォームヘと導いた場合)、そこに10秒間滞在させた後、ケージに戻した。水泳試行の直後に、マウスにISRIB(生理食塩水中0.25mg/kg、1%DMSO)を腹腔内注射した。プローブ試験については、プラットフォームを除去し、各マウスを60秒間泳がせながら、その水泳の軌跡をビデオ追跡システム(HVS Image,Buckingham)で監視した。
マウスを3日間訓練した後、ISRIB(生理食塩水中0.25mg/kg、1%DMSO)を4日連続で毎日腹腔内注射した。最後の注射の1時間後に、2分間の状況探査に続き、1秒間0.35mAの足ショックを1回与えることから構成されるプロトコルで訓練した。マウスは、ショックの1分後にホームケージに戻した。訓練の1及び24時間後に、動物を条件付け状況に4分間置くことによって状況恐怖記憶に関してマウスを試験した。すくみの発生を、5秒間隔で、「すくみ」または「すくみなし」のいずれかとしてスコア付けした。すくみの割合は、合計の5秒間隔の数で除した、すくみが観察された間隔の数を示す。スチューデントt検定及び一元配置ANOVAによって統計学的分析を行った後、テューキーの事後検定を比較して群間の比較を行った。
雄性スプラーグドーリーラット(275〜350g)を、Migues et al,2010(46)に記載のようにカニューレ挿入に使用した。ISRIB(0.05mg/ml、5μl)を、音恐怖条件付け訓練の直後に扁桃の両側に注入した。注入は、0.4μl/分の速度で、プラスチック管でHamiltonシリンジに接続された微量注入器(28ゲージ)を用いて行った。ISRIBを含有する溶液をカニューレの先端から組織内に放散させるために、微量注入器をさらに1分間カニューレに入れたままにした。音恐怖条件付けの訓練プロトコルは、2分間の状況A探査の後、音(2800Hz、85dB、30秒)と足ショック(0.75mA、1秒)の同時終了との組み合わせから構成された。ラットを、ショックの1分後にホームケージに戻した。音恐怖記憶の試験は、2分間状況B(CS前)に慣れさせた後、音の提示(CS)(2800Hz、85dB、30秒)から構成された。すくみ時間を測定し、すくみの割合を計算した。実験の最後に、カニューレの配置を、光学顕微鏡下で、フォーマル−チオニン(formal−thionin)で染色した50μmの脳切片を試験することによって調べた。
一般方法
市販入手可能な試薬及び溶媒を、受け取ったままで使用した。Silicycle SiliaSep(商標)カートリッジとともにBiotage Isolera Fourフラッシュ精製システムを使用して、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーを行った。1H NMRスペクトルを、Varian INOVA−400 400MHz分光計で記録した。化学シフトは、残りの溶媒ピークに対するδ単位(ppm)で報告する。結合定数(J)は、ヘルツ(Hz)で報告する。LCMS分析は、Waters 2996フォトダイオードアレイ検出器を備えるWaters 2795分離モジュール、Waters 2424 ELS検出器、Waters micromass ZQシングル四重極質量検出器、及びXBridge C18カラム(5μm、4.6×50mm)を使用して実行した。
ビスグリコールアミドの合成
本明細書に記載される化合物(例えば、ISRIB)は、全体的なタンパク質翻訳を増加させることによって、抗体産生細胞またはハイブリドーマ等の細胞系におけるタンパク質産生(例えば、抗体)を増加させるために使用することができる。ISRIBはまた、無細胞系(ウサギ網状赤血球またはHelaインビトロ翻訳系)における組み換えタンパク質産生を増加させるために使用する事もできる。ISRIBは、翻訳開始に対するeIF2αリン酸化の効果を遮断し、したがって、このリン酸化事象が通常は抑制を課す細胞における全体的な翻訳を強化する。抗体を産生し分泌する多発性骨髄腫細胞にうおいて、ISRIBの添加が、ERストレスを受ける細胞及びストレスを受けない細胞の両方における翻訳の増加をもたらすことを示した(それぞれ、図23a及び23b)。全体的な翻訳を増加させることによって、ISRIBの添加は、抗体産生の増加を可能にし得る。ISRIBは、ウサギ網状赤血球インビトロ翻訳系において外来的に付加されるmRNAの翻訳を強化する(図24)。
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Claims (64)
- 統合的ストレス応答関連疾患の治療を、そのような治療を必要とする患者において行う方法であって、前記患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、前記化合物は、式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数である、前記方法。 - eIF2αのリン酸化と関連する疾患の治療を、そのような治療を必要とする患者において行う方法であって、前記患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、前記化合物は、式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数である、前記方法。 - 前記疾患は、癌、神経変性疾患、白質消失疾患、CNSミエリン形成不全を伴う小児運動失調、または知的障害症である、請求項1に記載の前記方法。
- 前記疾患は、癌である、請求項3に記載の前記方法。
- 前記疾患は、神経変性疾患である、請求項3に記載の前記方法。
- 前記疾患は、白質消失疾患である、請求項3に記載の前記方法。
- 前記疾患は、CNSミエリン形成不全を伴う小児運動失調である、請求項3に記載の前記方法。
- 前記疾患は、知的障害症である、請求項3に記載の前記方法。
- 炎症性疾患の治療を、そのような治療を必要とする患者において行う方法であって、前記患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、前記化合物は、式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数である、前記方法。 - 前記炎症性疾患は、神経性炎症と関連する、請求項9に記載の前記方法。
- 前記炎症性疾患は、外科手術後の認知機能障害である、請求項9に記載の前記方法。
- 前記炎症性疾患は、外傷性脳損傷である、請求項9に記載の前記方法。
- 患者における長期記憶を改善する方法であって、前記患者に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の治療有効量を投与することを含み、前記化合物は、式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数である、前記方法。 - 細胞またはインビトロ発現系によるタンパク質発現を増加させる方法であって、前記細胞または発現系に、化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の有効量を投与することを含み、前記化合物は、式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数である、前記方法。 - L1及びL3は、独立して、結合または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換C1−C5アルキレンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換C1−C3アルキレンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換メチレンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、結合である、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、非置換アルキレンである、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の前記方法。
- 前記化合物は、式
R8及びR9は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3,−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2,−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH,−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
b及びdは、独立して、0または1である、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。 - b及びdは、1である、請求項22に記載の前記方法。
- R8及びR9は、水素である、請求項22に記載の前記方法。
- R1及びR3は、水素である、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- R2及びR4は、=Oである、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- L2は、L2A−L2B−L2Cであり、式中、L2Aは、置換もしくは非置換フェニルに結合され、L2Aは、結合、−O−、−S−、−NH−、−S(O)−、または−S(O)2−であり、L2Bは、結合または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンであり、L2Cは、結合、−O−、または−NH−である、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- L2Aは置換もしくは非置換フェニルに結合され、L2Aは結合であり、L2Bは非置換メチレンであり、L2Cは−O−である、請求項29に記載の前記方法。
- L4は、L4A−L4B−L4Cであり、式中、L4Aは、置換もしくは非置換フェニルに結合され、L4Aは、結合、−O−、−S−、−NH−、−S(O)−、または−S(O)2−であり、L4Bは、結合または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンであり、L4Cは、結合、−O−、または−NH−である、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- L4Aは置換もしくは非置換フェニルに結合され、L4Aは結合であり、L4Bは非置換メチレンであり、L4Cは−O−である、請求項31に記載の前記方法。
- R5及びR6は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールである、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜2である、請求項1〜14のうちの1項に記載の前記方法。
- R5.1及びR6.1は、独立して、ハロゲン、非置換C1−C3アルキル、または非置換C1−C3ハロアルキルであり、
R5.2及びR6.2は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−CCSi(CH3)3、−NO2、非置換C1−C3アルキル、または非置換C1−C3ハロアルキルである、請求項35に記載の前記方法。 - R5.1及びR6.1は、独立して、−Cl、−I、−CF3、−CH3、または−CCHであり、
R5.2及びR6.2は、独立して、水素、−Cl、−F、−I、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CF3、−NO2、−CH3、または−CCHである、請求項36に記載の前記方法。 - 式
環Aは、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキレンまたは置換もしくは非置換アリーレンであり、
L1、L2、L3、及びL4は、独立して、結合、−NH−、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−S(O)2−、置換もしくは非置換アルキレン、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R1、R3、R5、R6、及びR7は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3、−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−C(NN)CF3、−C(NH−NH)CF3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、−N3、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
R2及びR4は、独立して、=NR7、=O、または=Sであり、
z2及びz4は、独立して、0または1であり、
z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜5の整数であるが、
ただし、前記化合物が、
- L1及びL3は、独立して、結合または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換C1−C5アルキレンである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換C1−C3アルキレンである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、置換または非置換メチレンである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、結合である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L1及びL3は、独立して、非置換アルキレンである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- 前記化合物は、式
R8及びR9は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3,−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2,−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH,−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールであり、
b及びdは、独立して、0または1である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。 - b及びdは、1である、請求項48に記載の前記化合物。
- R8及びR9は、水素である、請求項48に記載の前記化合物。
- R1及びR3は、水素である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- R2及びR4は、=Oである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L2は、L2A−L2B−L2Cであり、式中、L2Aは、置換または非置換フェニルに結合し、L2Aは、結合、−O−、−S−、−NH−、−S(O)−、または−S(O)2−であり、L2Bは、結合、または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンであり、L2Cは、結合、−O−、または−NH−である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L2Aは置換または非置換フェニルに結合し、L2Aは結合であり、L2Bは非置換メチレンであり、L2Cは−O−である、請求項55に記載の前記化合物。
- L4は、L4A−L4B−L4Cであり、式中、L4Aは、置換または非置換フェニルに結合し、L4Aは、結合、−O−、−S−、−NH−、−S(O)−、または−S(O)2−であり、L4Bは、結合または置換もしくは非置換アルキレンであり、L4Cは、結合、−O−、または−NH−である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- L4Aは置換または非置換フェニルに結合し、L4Aは結合であり、L4Bは置換メチレンであり、L4Cは−O−である、請求項57に記載の前記化合物。
- R5及びR6は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−OCH3,−OCH2Ph、−C(O)Ph、−CH3、−CF3、−CCl3、−CN,−S(O)CH3、−OH、−NH2、−COOH、−CONH2、−NO2、−C(O)CH3、−CH(CH3)2、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CCH、−CH2CCH、−SH、−SO2Cl、−SO3H、−SO4H、−SO2NH2、−NHNH2、−ONH2、−NHC=(O)NHNH2、−NHC=(O)NH2、−NHSO2H、−NHC=(O)H、−NHC(O)−OH、−NHOH、−OCH3、−OCF3、−OCHF2、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、または置換もしくは非置換ヘテロアリールである、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- z5及びz6は、独立して、0〜2である、請求項40に記載の前記化合物。
- R5.1及びR6.1は、独立して、ハロゲン、非置換C1−C3アルキル、または非置換C1−C3ハロアルキルであり、
R5.2及びR6.2は、独立して、水素、ハロゲン、−CCSi(CH3)3、−NO2、非置換C1−C3アルキル、または非置換C1−C3ハロアルキルである、請求項61に記載の前記化合物。 - R5.1及びR6.1は、独立して、−Cl、−I、−CF3、−CH3、または−CCHであり、
R5.2及びR6.2は、独立して、水素、−Cl、−F、−I、−CCSi(CH3)3、−CF3、−NO2、−CH3、または−CCHである、請求項62に記載の前記化合物。 - 薬学的に許容される賦形剤と、請求項40〜63のいずれか1項に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩とを含む、薬学的組成物。
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CA2904794C (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-11-23 | Peter Walter | Modulators of the eif2alpha pathway |
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EP2968347A4 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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US9708247B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 |
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US11220477B2 (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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US20170342020A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
WO2014144952A3 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
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JP6806562B2 (ja) | 2021-01-06 |
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