JP2019013182A - Method and apparatus for breeding hermatypic corals - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for breeding hermatypic corals and its apparatus in which a nutrient salt level of the seawater can easily be decreased to a nutrient salt level suitable for breeding the hermatypic corals.SOLUTION: A method for breeding hermatypic corals uses an apparatus for breeding the hermatypic corals including a first water tank for breeding the hermatypic corals, a second water tank, a water injection part for injecting seawater into the second water tank from the outside, an impurity removal part for depositing and removing impurities containing protein onto the foam generated in the seawater in the second water tank, and a circulation device for circulating the seawater between the first water tank and the second water tank. The method for breeding the hermatypic corals comprises: a step of injecting the seawater into the second water tank from the outside at a water filling speed of replacing 50-100% of a water amount stored in the first water tank and the second water tank by the water injection part in 24 hours; and a step of removing the impurities containing the protein in the seawater in the second water tank by the impurity removal part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a reef-building coral breeding method and a reef-building coral breeding apparatus.

  Reef-building corals are bred in facilities such as aquariums, fisheries experiment sites and privately owned aquariums.

Japanese Patent No. 2618326 Japanese Patent No. 41851973 Japanese Patent No. 4620761

  For the breeding of reef-building corals, it is preferable that the nutrient concentration of seawater is low. However, since the nutrient salt concentration of seawater varies depending on the sea area, the sea area where seawater with a nutrient salt concentration suitable for breeding reef-building corals can be procured is limited. For example, in the sea area north of Honshu, the concentration of nutrients in seawater is higher than the seawater in the habitat of reef-building corals, and it is difficult to say that it is suitable for the growth of reef-building corals. Therefore, even in coastal facilities where seawater can be procured easily, if the nutrient concentration in the seawater that can be procured is higher than the nutrient concentration suitable for breeding reef-building corals, the nutrient concentration in the procured seawater should be reduced. Lowering work occurs.

  Accordingly, one aspect of the disclosed technology is that the reef-building corals can be easily cultivated even when the concentration of nutrients in the procured seawater is higher than the concentration of nutrients suitable for breeding reef-building corals. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for raising reef-building corals.

  One aspect of the disclosed technology is exemplified by the following reef-building coral breeding method. In this reef-building coral breeding method, the first aquarium for breeding the reef-building corals, the second aquarium, the water injection unit for injecting seawater from the outside into the second aquarium, and the seawater in the second aquarium A reef-building coral breeding device comprising an impurity removal unit that attaches and removes impurities including protein to the foam and a circulation device that circulates seawater between the first water tank and the second water tank is used. . The reef coral breeding method is as follows. The water injection part changes the amount of water from 50% to 100% of the amount of water stored in the first water tank and the second water tank in 24 hours. A step of pouring water, and a step of removing impurities including proteins in the seawater of the second tank by the impurity removal unit.

  In this reef-building coral breeding method, seawater is injected into the second tank at a water injection rate that replaces 50% to 100% of the amount of water stored in the first tank and the second tank by the water injection section in 24 hours. . This water injection speed is about 1/12 to 1/24 of the water injection speed in fish breeding and the like. Therefore, the rate of increase in nutrient salt concentration of seawater in the second water tank due to seawater injection is suppressed. Moreover, when the seawater is injected by the water injection unit, calcium ions used for the growth of reef-building corals are replenished to the first water tank and the second water tank. Furthermore, by combining the removal of impurities including proteins by the impurity removal unit, the concentration of nutrients in seawater can be easily reduced to the concentration of nutrients that can be raised by reef-building corals. Therefore, according to such an invention, even when the nutrient salt concentration of the procured seawater is higher than the nutrient salt concentration suitable for breeding the reef-building corals, the reef-building corals can be easily bred. .

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The breeding apparatus further includes a porous material tub that takes in the seawater from the second tank and removes the nutrient salts, and returns the seawater from which the nutrient salts have been removed to the second tank. Includes removal of nutrients by drought. According to such an invention, the nutrient salt is removed by the porous material basket. Therefore, according to such an invention, the nutrient salt concentration of seawater can be further reduced.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The porous material contained in the porous material bag contains zeolite. Zeolite has a function as an ion exchanger and can adsorb ammonia. Nitrified bacteria are induced by the adsorbed ammonia to grow, and as a result, zeolite functions as a filter medium. Furthermore, when zeolite is employed as the porous material, it is possible to remove silicic acid from seawater.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The method further includes the step of irradiating light from above the first water tank with a surface light source. Compared with the case where a point light source is employed, the surface of the first water tank can be illuminated uniformly by irradiating light from above the first water tank. As a result, according to such an invention, it is possible to suppress the influence on the growth of the reef-building corals due to the difference in intensity of the irradiated light.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The surface light source is a T5 fluorescent lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) illumination. Both the T5 fluorescent lamp and the LED lighting generate less heat during use than the metal halide lamp. Therefore, according to such an invention, the rise in the water temperature in the first water tank and the evaporation of water can be suppressed. As a result, an increase in nutrient salt concentration in the seawater accompanying water evaporation is suppressed.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The step of pouring water further includes a step of sterilizing the injected seawater by irradiating with ultraviolet rays. According to such an invention, the transfer of organisms to the second water tank due to the injection of seawater is suppressed by sterilizing the injected seawater with ultraviolet rays.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The first water tank further includes a pump that periodically or intermittently feeds seawater, and further includes a step of changing the strength and direction of the flow of seawater in the first water tank by the pumping water. According to such an invention, the flow of seawater in the first water tank can be made to be irregular and close to the flow of natural seawater. As a result, the movement of reef-building corals becomes active. For example, reef-building corals extend their tentacles and actively eat plankton.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals may further have the following characteristics. The first water tank further includes a gantry formed so that seawater can flow inside and outside, and the reef-building corals are fixed on the gantry. According to such invention, since seawater can distribute | circulate the inside and outside of a mount frame, the bias | inclination of the nutrient salt density | concentration etc. in a 1st water tank can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, this invention can also be grasped | ascertained as a breeding apparatus of reef-building coral.

  The breeding method of the reef-building corals can easily adjust the nutrient concentration of seawater to a nutrient concentration suitable for the reef-building corals.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reef-building coral breeding system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a gantry. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a protein skimmer. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of the pulsating water flow pump. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of measurement data of total alkalinity in seawater in the breeding system. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result in which the relationship between the amount of light irradiated by illumination and the growth rate of reef-building corals is verified. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an intensity distribution for each wavelength of light used in the experiment according to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an experimental result in which the relationship between the wavelength of light irradiated by illumination and the growth rate of reef-building corals is verified. FIG. 9 is a first diagram illustrating an intensity distribution for each wavelength of light used in the experiment according to FIG. FIG. 10 is a second diagram illustrating the intensity distribution for each wavelength of the light used in the experiment according to FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a breeding system according to a comparative example. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a breeding system according to a modification. FIG. 13: is an example of the figure which compares embodiment and each comparative example about the nutrient salt density | concentration in seawater.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the embodiment described below is an exemplification, and the disclosed technology is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

<Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reef-building coral breeding system 100 according to an embodiment. The breeding system 100 includes a water tank 10, a sump 20, a seawater fine water injection device 30, a porous material bottle 40, a water supply pipe 51, and a water falling pipe 52. The breeding system 100 is an overflow system, and seawater circulates between the water tank 10 and the sump 20 via a water supply pipe 51 and a waterfall pipe 52.

<Configuration of rearing system 100>
The water tank 10 is a water tank in which the reef-building corals 14 are bred. The size of the water tank 10 is appropriately selected according to the type and number of reef-building corals to be bred. Seawater from the sump 20 is poured into the water tank 10 through a water supply pipe 51. Seawater may be either artificial seawater or natural seawater. Seawater that exceeds the predetermined amount of water in the aquarium 10 is sent to the sump 20 via the falling water pipe 52. In the water tank 10, an illumination 11, a pulsating water flow pump 12, and a mount 13 are installed. The water tank 10 is an example of a “first water tank”. The breeding system 100 is an example of a “bred device”.

  The illumination 11 is a surface light source that illuminates the water tank 10 from above. The illumination 11 can be a surface light source by adopting a light emitting diode (LED) illumination manufactured as a surface light source or arranging a plurality of T5 fluorescent lamps in parallel. By using the illumination 11 as a surface light source, the entire water surface of the aquarium 10 is illuminated uniformly. The illumination 11 is an example of a “surface light source”.

The pulsating water flow pump 12 is a pump that feeds seawater periodically or intermittently. By making seawater flow periodically or intermittently by the pulsating water flow pump 12, the seawater flow in the aquarium 10 is set to an irregular state (turbulent state) close to the seawater flow in the natural environment. Is possible. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of the pulsating water flow pump 12. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the water tank 10, and illustrations of components other than the water tank 10 and the pulsating water flow pump 12 are omitted. The arrows in FIG. 4 illustrate the water supply direction of the pulsating water flow pump 12. In FIG. 4, the pulsating water flow pump 12 is provided on the lateral wall surface of the water tank 10 and feeds water in the horizontal direction. However, the direction in which the pulsating water pump 12 supplies water is not limited to the horizontal direction. The pulsating water flow pump 12 is an example of a “pump”.

  The gantry 13 is a gantry for fixing the reef-building corals 14. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the gantry 13. 2A is an example of a plan view of the gantry 13, and FIG. 2B is an example of a side view of the gantry 13. The gantry 13 includes a top plate 13a formed on a flat plate, and legs 13c provided at four corners of the top plate 13a. The top plate 13a is provided with a lattice-like hole 13b that penetrates the top plate 13a in the vertical direction. The reef-building corals 14 are fixed on the top plate 13a. In the gantry 13 having such a configuration, seawater can flow inside and outside the gantry 13. The shape of the gantry 13 is not limited to the shape having the top plate 13a and the legs 13c. For example, the pedestal 13 may be a rectangular parallelepiped formed in a hollow shape and provided with a hole 13b on the surface thereof. Further, the arrangement of the holes 13b is not limited to the lattice shape, and the plurality of holes 13b may be irregularly arranged. The gantry 13 is an example of a “gantry”.

The reef-building corals 14 are, for example, reef-building corals that form a coral reef. The breeding system 100 can breed various types of corals. Examples of reef-building corals that can be reared in the breeding system 100 include, for example, Favia speciosa, Acropora pruinosa, Acropora solitaryensis, Entamidori, Psammocora superficiallys, Hydnophora exesa, Togeybo coral (Mukasi coral), Montipora turgescens (Avatar common coral), Acropora muricata, Acropora hyacinthus, Oulastrea crispate, Stylophora pistillata, Porites sp. In the names of the reef-building corals listed above, the Japanese name is written in parentheses following the scientific name. The reef-building corals 14 is an example of “reef-building corals”.

  In the sump 20, impurities are removed from seawater. The size of the sump 20 is appropriately selected according to the type and number of reef-building corals to be bred. The sump 20 includes an air stone 21, a protein skimmer 22, and a heater 23. Seawater is poured into the sump 20 from the seawater fine water injection device 30, and seawater that has fallen from the aquarium 10 is poured through the falling water pipe 52. In the sump 20, various treatments by the air stone 21, the protein skimmer 22, and the heater 23 are performed on the seawater injected from the seawater fine water injection device 30 and the seawater dropped from the water tank 10. The processed seawater is pumped up by the pump 53 and poured into the water tank 10 through the water supply pipe 51. Although not shown, a drain pipe is connected to the sump 20, and seawater exceeding a predetermined amount of water in the sump 20 is drained to the outside through the drain pipe. The sump 20 is an example of a “second water tank”. The water supply pipe 51, the falling water pipe 52, and the pump 53 are examples of the “circulation device”.

  The air stone 21 is hollow and has fine holes on the surface. The air stone 21 is connected to an air pump (not shown) that sends out air through a tube. The air stone 21 releases air bubbles into the seawater by discharging air supplied from the air pump through holes in the surface. Oxygen is supplied into seawater by releasing air bubbles. The heater 23 adjusts the water temperature to a temperature suitable for the growth of the reef-building corals 14. The temperature suitable for the growth of the reef-building corals 14 is, for example, 21 degrees Celsius to 26 degrees Celsius.

The protein skimmer 22 is a device that removes proteins and the like from seawater. For example, the protein skimmer 22 generates fine bubbles in seawater, and attaches proteins or the like in seawater to the generated bubbles, thereby removing proteins or the like in seawater. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the protein skimmer 22. The protein skimmer 22 includes a hollow cylindrical body portion 22a, an air pump 22b, and a woodstone 22d. The air pump 22b and the woodstone 22d are connected by a hollow tube 22c. The woodstone 22d is provided below the inside of the cylindrical portion of the main body portion 22a. The upper part of the main body portion 22 a protrudes upward from the seawater surface of the sump 20. Air sent from the air pump 22b is supplied to the woodstone 22d through the tube 22c. The woodstone 22d has fine holes on its surface for discharging the air supplied from the air pump 22b. The air released from the holes on the surface of the woodstone 22d becomes fine bubbles 22e, and impurities such as proteins in seawater adhere to the bubbles 22e. The bubbles 22e to which the impurities are attached rise in the main body 22a, and the impurities 22f are accumulated on the seawater surface of the sump 20, whereby the impurities in the seawater are removed. The accumulated impurities 22f are removed as appropriate. By removing the protein and the like by the protein skimmer 22, the concentration of ammonia generated by the decay of the protein and the like in the seawater can be reduced. The method for generating fine bubbles is not limited to the method using the woodstone 22d, and other methods may be adopted. The protein skimmer 22 is an example of an “impurity removal unit”.

  The seawater fine water injection device 30 injects the seawater pumped by the pump 31 into the sump 20. The seawater that the seawater fine water injection device 30 injects into the sump 20 is, for example, seawater near Honshu. The seawater fine water injection device 30 includes a pump 31, a seawater pipe 32, an ultraviolet sterilizer 33, a flow meter 34, and a valve 35. The amount of seawater per unit time that the seawater fine water injection device 30 injects into the sump 20 is adjusted by a pump 31 and a valve 35. The seawater fine water injection device 30 performs water injection at a water injection speed such that 50% to 100% of the amount of water stored in the water tank 10 and the sump 20 is replaced in 24 hours, for example. In fish breeding or the like, seawater is injected at a water injection speed such that 100% of the amount of water stored in the aquarium 10 and sump 20 is replaced in 2 hours. That is, the water injection speed in the embodiment is about 1/12 to 1/24 compared with the water injection speed in fish breeding and the like. Therefore, in this specification, pouring with the seawater fine water injection device 30 is also referred to as fine water injection. The water injection speed can be confirmed by the flow meter 34. The seawater is injected into the sump 20 after being irradiated with ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet sterilizer 33. By irradiating with ultraviolet rays, the seawater injected by the seawater fine water injection device 30 can be sterilized. By sterilizing the seawater poured into the sump 20 from the seawater fine water injection device 30, biological transfer to the sump 20 due to water injection from the seawater fine water injection device 30 is suppressed. The seawater fine water injection device 30 is an example of a “water injection unit”. Sterilization by the ultraviolet sterilizer 33 is an example of a “process of sterilizing the injected seawater with ultraviolet rays”.

  The porous material rod 40 removes impurities including nutrient salts in seawater taken from the sump 20 by the pump 44 using the porous material. Nutrient salts are, for example, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and silicic acid. The porous material rod 40 includes porous material tubes 41, 41, a connecting pipe 42, a water discharge pipe 43, and a pump 44. The porous material pipes 41 and 41 are connected by a connecting pipe 42. The porous material tubes 41 and 41 are filled with a porous material. The porous material is, for example, zeolite, coral sand, a glassy filter medium, or a ceramic filter medium. Microorganisms adhere to the porous material. Therefore, in the porous material basket 40, in addition to the removal of impurities by the fine pores of the porous material, biological filtration by the action of microorganisms is also performed. For example, zeolite has a function as an ion exchanger and can adsorb ammonia. Nitrified bacteria are induced by the adsorbed ammonia to grow, and as a result, zeolite functions as a filter medium. When zeolite is employed as the porous material, the porous material rod 40 can also remove silicic acid and the like from seawater. Seawater from which impurities have been removed by the porous material rod 40 is returned to the sump 20 from the outlet pipe 43. The porous material cage 40 is an example of a “porous material cage”.

The configuration of the breeding system 100 according to the embodiment has been described above. Below, the effect of the fine water injection by the seawater fine water injection device 30, the influence on the growth rate of the reef-building corals 14 by the lighting 11, and the effect of the removal of nutrient salts by the protein skimmer 22 and the porous material rod 40 will be examined.

<Effect of fine water injection by seawater fine water injection device 30>
The reef-building corals 14 take in calcium ions in seawater and grow their skeleton. Therefore, if the replenishment coral 14 is not properly replenished with calcium ions in the breeding system 100, the concentration of calcium ions in the seawater of the breeding system 100 decreases. Therefore, in the embodiment, the seawater in the breeding system 100 is supplemented with calcium ions by finely pouring seawater into the sump 20 by the seawater fine water injection device 30. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of measurement data of total alkalinity in seawater in the breeding system 100. The concentration of calcium ions in seawater is proportional to the total alkalinity in the seawater. Since it is difficult to directly measure the calcium ion concentration in seawater, FIG. 5 shows measurement data of total alkalinity instead of the calcium ion concentration.

  FIG. 5 shows measurement data of total alkalinity, salinity, and salinity correction total alkalinity corrected by salinity in seawater. In FIG. 5, the unit of total alkalinity is “micromole / kilogram (μmol / kg)”. The measurement illustrated in FIG. 5 is performed a total of three times from the first time to the third time. Salinity is shown as practical salinity, which is measured by comparison with standard seawater. Therefore, the unit of salinity in FIG. 5 is dimensionless. The salinity corrected total alkalinity is the total alkalinity when the salinity is “35”. For example, in the first measurement data, the total alkalinity is “1827 μmol / kg” and the salinity is “33.87”. Therefore, the salinity-corrected total alkalinity with the salinity corrected to “35” is calculated as “1888” by the formula “1827 × (35 ÷ 33.87)”. Further, in FIG. 5, the average, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of these measurement data are shown.

  In FIG. 5, the second measurement was performed about two months after the first measurement, and the third measurement was performed about six months after the second measurement. Referring to FIG. 5, the total alkalinity and the salinity-corrected total alkalinity are not decreased during about half a year from the first measurement to the third measurement. That is, it can be said that the decrease in the calcium ion concentration accompanying the growth of the reef-building corals 14 does not occur in the breeding for about half a year by the breeding system 100. In breeding system 100 concerning an embodiment, the fall of the calcium ion concentration accompanying growth of reef-building coral 14 is controlled by performing fine water injection by seawater fine water injection device 30.

<Influence of the light quantity of the lighting 11 on the growth rate of the reef-building corals 14>
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of experimental results in which the relationship between the amount of light irradiated by the illumination 11 and the growth rate of the reef-building corals 14 is verified. In FIG. 6, the result of having raised Acropora muricata and Acropora solitaryensis which are examples of the reef-building coral 14 for 6 weeks is illustrated. The vertical axis in FIG. 6 is “growth rate / week”, which is the growth rate of the reef-building corals 14 per week. The unit of “growth rate / week” is “percent (%)”. Further, the horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents the amount of light emitted from the illumination 11 to the water tank 10. In FIG. 6, the amount of light is indicated by the photon flux density, and the unit is “micromole / (meter) ² / second (μmol / m ² / s)”. A bar G1 extending from the vertex portion of each bar graph in FIG. 6 indicates the standard deviation of the data shown in each bar graph. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an intensity distribution for each wavelength of light used in the experiment according to FIG. The vertical axis in FIG. 7 is the relative intensity where the intensity of the light having the strongest wavelength among the light irradiated by the illumination 11 is 1. The horizontal axis in FIG. 7 is the wavelength of light emitted from the illumination 11 to the water tank 10. The unit of the wavelength of light is “nanometer (nm)”. Hereinafter, in this specification, the unit of the wavelength of light is assumed to be “nanometer (nm)”. In the experiment according to FIG. 6, the illumination 11 emits light having an intensity distribution for each wavelength illustrated in FIG. The photon flux density of light applied to the water tank 10 is changed by changing the distance between the illumination 11 and the water tank 10. Referring to FIG. 6, Acropora
Both muricata and Acropora solitaryensis are considered to have higher growth rates when the photon flux density is higher.

<Wavelength of lighting 11 and growth rate of reef-building coral 14>
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result in which the relationship between the wavelength of light irradiated by the illumination 11 and the growth rate of the reef-building corals 14 is verified. In FIG. 8, the result of having raised Acropora muricata which is an example of the reef-building coral 14 for five weeks is illustrated. The vertical axis in FIG. 8 is “growth rate / week” as in FIG. 6. Moreover, the horizontal axis of FIG. 8 is an example of the wavelength of light irradiated from the illumination 11 to the water tank 10. In “blue + red + green”, “blue light”, “red light”, and “green light” are emitted. In “red + green”, “red light” and “green light” are emitted. 9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating the intensity distribution for each wavelength of light used in the experiment according to FIG. The vertical axis of FIGS. 9 and 10 is the relative intensity with the intensity of the light having the strongest wavelength among the lights irradiated by the illumination 11 as 1, as in FIG. The horizontal axis of FIGS. 9 and 10 is the wavelength of light irradiated from the illumination 11 to the water tank 10. FIG. 9 illustrates the relative intensity for each wavelength of the light irradiated with “blue + red + green” in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 illustrates the relative intensity for each wavelength of the light irradiated with “red + green” in FIG. Is exemplified. As can be understood by referring to FIG. 8, there is no significant difference in the growth rate of Acropora muricata between the case of irradiation with “blue + red + green” light and the case of irradiation with “red + green” light. . Therefore, even when “red + green”, which has a narrower wavelength range than “blue + red + green”, is adopted as the illumination 11, Acropora muricata is reared in the same manner as “blue + red + green” is adopted as the proof 11 be able to.

<Nutrient concentration in seawater>
Seawater near Honshu tends to have higher nutrient concentrations than seawater where corals grow. The lower the concentration of nutrients in seawater, the better for coral growth, it is difficult to say that seawater near Honshu is suitable for coral growth. Therefore, when coral is bred using seawater near Honshu, processing to lower the nutrient concentration of seawater is performed. The process for reducing the nutrient salt concentration is, for example, a process for filtering seawater.

  In order to explain the difference in nutrient concentration depending on the filtration method, a comparative example and a modification of the present embodiment will be examined. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the breeding system 100a according to the comparative example. In the comparative example, the seawater fine water injection device 30a performs water injection at a water injection speed that replaces 100% of the amount of water stored in the water tank 10 and the sump 20 in 2 hours. That is, in the comparative example, water injection is performed at the water injection speed performed in the above-described fish breeding and the like. Furthermore, in the breeding system 100a according to the comparative example, the protein skimmer 22 and the porous material basket 40 are removed from the breeding system 100 according to the embodiment, and the filtration layer 45 is added. The filtration layer 45 filters the seawater of the sump 20 with sand. That is, in the comparative example, the seawater poured into the sump 20 by the seawater fine water injection device 30 a and the seawater dropped from the water tank 10 are filtered by passing through the filtration layer 45 and are sent to the water tank 10.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the breeding system 100b according to the modification. In the breeding system 100b according to the modification, the porous material basket 40 is removed from the breeding system 100 according to the embodiment. Unlike the comparative example, the water injection speed of the seawater injected into the sump 20 in the modification is the same as that in the embodiment. That is, in the modified example, the seawater fine water injection device 30 performs fine water injection on the sump 20. In the modified example, the seawater finely injected into the sump 20 by the seawater fine water injection device 30 and the seawater dropped from the water tank 10 are subjected to removal of proteins and the like by the protein skimmer 22 and sent to the water tank 10. Both the seawater fine water injection device 30a of the comparative example and the seawater fine water injection device 30 of the modified example inject seawater near Honshu into the sump 20 as in the embodiment.

FIG. 13: is an example of the figure which compares embodiment and each comparative example about the nutrient salt density | concentration in seawater. In FIG. 13, the nutrient concentration of seawater in the sea near Sesoko Island in Okinawa is described as an example of nutrient concentration in seawater in the sea where coral reefs grow. In FIG. 13, seawater in the vicinity of Sesoko Island in Okinawa Prefecture is described as “Okinawa Sesoko”. The vertical axis in FIG. 13 is the nutrient concentration. The unit of nutrient concentration is “micromole / liter (μM / L)”. The horizontal axis in FIG.
The type of nutrient salt. A bar G1 extending from the vertex of each bar graph in FIG. 13 indicates the standard deviation of the data shown in each bar graph, as in FIG. The nutrient salts compared in FIG. 13 are ammonium nitrogen (NH ₄ -N), nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N), and silicate silicon (SiO ₂ -Si). ), Phosphate phosphorus (PO ₄ -P).

  Referring to FIG. 13, it can be seen that the modified example lowers the nutrient concentration of seawater than the comparative example. That is, it can be said that the modified seawater obtained by removing proteins and the like from the finely injected seawater by the protein skimmer 22 is more suitable for coral cultivation than the seawater of the comparative example filtered by sand. In the embodiment, the nutrient salt concentration in the seawater is further reduced as compared with the seawater of the modified example. Therefore, by further processing the seawater of the modified example with the porous material rod 40, the nutrient concentration in the seawater can be made more suitable for coral growth than the modified example.

  By the way, although the seawater of the embodiment has a difference in the concentration of nutrients from the seawater of “Okinawa / Sesoko”, this difference falls within a range that does not greatly hinder coral growth. Therefore, according to the embodiment, it can be said that the nutrient concentration of seawater near Honshu can be reduced to a nutrient concentration suitable for coral growth.

<Effect of embodiment>
In the embodiment, the seawater fine water injection device 30 injects seawater at a water injection speed that replaces 50% to 100% of the amount of water stored in the water tank 10 and the sump 20 in 24 hours. This water injection speed is about 1/12 to 1/24 of the water injection speed in fish breeding and the like. Therefore, according to the embodiment, it is possible to suppress the rate of increase in nutrient concentration of seawater due to seawater injection. In addition, when seawater is injected by the seawater fine water injection device 30, calcium ions used for the growth of reef-building corals can be supplemented to the aquarium 10 and the sump 20. Therefore, according to the embodiment, it is not necessary to separately prepare a calcium reactor for replenishing calcium ions.

  Referring to FIG. 13, in the modified example, the protein skimmer 22 removes impurities including protein, so that the nutrient concentration in the seawater is reduced. Therefore, according to the modification, the nutrient salt concentration of seawater can be easily reduced to a nutrient salt concentration at which reef-building corals can be raised. Further, in the embodiment, the nutrient salt is removed by the porous material basket 40 in addition to the protein skimmer 22. As a result, in the embodiment, the nutrient concentration can be further reduced as compared with the modified example. Moreover, it is also possible to remove silicic acid from seawater by adopting zeolite as the porous material of the porous material basket. Therefore, according to the embodiment, the nutrient salt concentration of seawater can be reduced to a nutrient salt concentration at which reef-building corals can be raised. In addition, the embodiment and the modification can reduce the nutrient salt concentration in seawater with a simple configuration such as the protein skimmer 22 and the porous material basket 40. Therefore, according to the embodiment or the modification, even if the nutrient concentration of the procured seawater is higher than the nutrient concentration suitable for breeding the reef-building corals 14, the reef-building corals can be easily bred. It is.

  In the embodiment, sterilization by ultraviolet irradiation was performed on the seawater to be poured. Therefore, according to the embodiment, the transfer of organisms to the sump by the injection of seawater is suppressed. Furthermore, in the embodiment, since the water injection speed is slower than the water injection speed in fish breeding or the like, sterilization by the ultraviolet sterilizer 33 for the injected seawater becomes easy.

In the embodiment, the illumination 11 is a surface light source. Therefore, it is possible to illuminate the entire water surface of the illumination 11 more easily than a metal halide lamp that is a point light source. By uniformly illuminating the entire water surface, the illumination 11 can easily irradiate light to each of the reef-building corals 14 bred in the water tank 10. Therefore, the influence on the growth of the reef-building corals 14 due to the intensity difference of the irradiated light can be suppressed.

  In the embodiment, a T5 fluorescent lamp or an LED illumination is adopted as the illumination 11. T5 fluorescent lamps and LED lights generate less heat during use than metal halide lamps used in fish breeding and the like. Therefore, the T5 fluorescent lamp or the LED illumination is adopted as the illumination 11, so that the rise of the water temperature in the water tank 10 and the evaporation of water can be suppressed. Furthermore, the T5 fluorescent lamp or the LED illumination is adopted as the illumination 11, so that an increase in nutrient salt concentration in the seawater accompanying water evaporation is suppressed.

  In the embodiment, the strength and direction of the flow of the seawater in the aquarium 10 are irregular because the pulsating water flow pump 12 periodically or intermittently feeds the seawater. Therefore, the flow of the seawater in the water tank 10 can be an irregular, close to the flow of natural seawater. The reef-building corals 14 rely on water flow for material exchange to maintain a living body including respiration. By setting the direction and strength of the water flow to an irregular state (turbulent flow) by the pulsating water flow pump 12, an environment more suitable for the growth of the reef-building corals 14 can be constructed. As a result, the movement of the reef-building corals 14 becomes active. For example, the reef-building corals 14 extend their tentacles and actively prey on plankton.

  In the embodiment, the mount 13 for fixing the reef-building corals 14 is formed so that seawater can flow inside and outside. By allowing seawater to flow inside and outside the gantry 13, the flowability of seawater in the water tank 10 is enhanced, and it becomes easy to keep the environment in the water tank 10 uniform.

  When the reef-building coral 14 is bred by the breeding system 100 according to the embodiment having the effects as described above, the re-building process of the reef-building coral 14 until egg laying, fertilization, fertilization and establishment on the gantry 13 is performed. Was able to be achieved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100, 100a, 100b ... Breeding system 10 ... Aquarium 11 ... Illumination 12 ... Pulsating type water flow pump 13 ... Mount 13a ... Top plate 13b ... Hole 13c ... Leg 14 ... Reef-building corals 20 ... Sump 21 ... Air stone 22 ... Protein skimmer 22a ... Main body 22b ... Air pump 22c ... Tube 22d ... Wood stone 22e ... -Foam 22f ... Impurity 23 ... Heater 30 ... Seawater fine water injection device 32 ... Seawater pipe 33 ... Ultraviolet sterilizer 34 ... Flow meter 35 ... Valve 40 ... Porous Material 41 ... Porous material pipe 42 ... Connection pipe 43 ... Drain pipe 45 ... Filtration layer 51 ... Water supply pipe 52 ... Falling water pipe 31, 44, 53 ... Pump

Claims (9)

A first aquarium for breeding reef-building corals, a second aquarium, a water injection unit for injecting seawater from the outside into the second aquarium, and impurities containing protein in bubbles generated in the seawater of the second aquarium Breeding of reef-building corals using a breeding device for reef-building corals comprising an impurity removing unit to be attached and a circulation device for circulating seawater between the first water tank and the second water tank A method,
The step of pouring seawater from the outside into the second water tank at the water injection speed by replacing the water volume of 50% to 100% of the water volume stored in the first water tank and the second water tank by the water injection section;
Removing impurities containing proteins in seawater of the second tank by the impurity removal unit,
Reef-building coral breeding method. The reef-building coral breeding apparatus further includes a porous material cage that takes in seawater from the second tank to remove nutrients, and returns the seawater from which nutrients have been removed to the second tank.
The step of removing the impurities includes the removal of nutrient salts by the porous material basket,
The method for breeding reef-building corals according to claim 1. The porous material contained in the porous material basket contains zeolite,
The method for breeding reef-building corals according to claim 2. Further comprising irradiating light from above the first water tank with a surface light source,
The breeding method of reef-building corals as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3. The surface light source is a T5 fluorescent lamp or a light emitting diode (LED) illumination.
The method for raising reef-building corals according to claim 4. The step of injecting water further includes a step of sterilizing the injected seawater by irradiating with ultraviolet rays,
The breeding method of reef-building corals as described in any one of Claims 1-5. The first water tank further includes a pump that periodically or intermittently feeds seawater,
Further including the step of changing the strength and direction of the flow of seawater in the first water tank by the pump water supply,
The method for breeding a reef-building coral according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The first water tank further includes a gantry formed so that seawater can flow inside and outside,
The reef-building corals are fixed on the gantry;
The breeding method of reef-building corals as described in any one of Claims 1-7. A first aquarium for breeding reef-building corals,
A second aquarium,
A water injection section for injecting seawater into the second water tank from the outside at a water injection speed for replacing the water volume of 50% to 100% of the water stored in the first water tank and the second water tank in 24 hours;
An impurity removing unit for removing impurities including proteins by attaching to the bubbles generated in the seawater of the second water tank;
A circulation device for circulating seawater between the first water tank and the second water tank,
Reef-building coral breeding equipment.

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