JP2007259808A - Method for improving hatching rate of fertilized egg of fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an effective epidemic prevention by using water for culturing so as to improve the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs of fishes and shellfishes as much as possible. <P>SOLUTION: The pathogenic bacteria, etc., attached to the fertilized eggs of fishes and shellfishes are sterilized by immersing the fertilized eggs of the fishes and shell fishes in water containing sodium hypochlorite and/or chlorine dioxide. By immersing the fertilized eggs of the fishes and shellfishes in the water containing sodium hypochlorite and/or chlorine dioxide, it is possible to sterilize the pathogenic bacteria, etc., attached to the fertilized eggs without giving any bad effect to the fertilized eggs. Therefore, it becomes possible to improve the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs as much as possible so as to increase the fishery yield of the cultured fishes and shell fishes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The invention of this application relates to a method for improving the hatching rate of fertilized fish shellfish, which improves the hatching rate of fertilized fish shellfish in a fish shell farming facility or the like.

  In general, a method for culturing fish shellfish by collecting fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish, hatching them, and growing the hatched fry and shellfish is widely performed. However, in recent years, as the pollution of the water area has expanded, the water collected from the water area contains viruses, bacteria, protozoa, etc. Infections caused by the above-mentioned pathogenic bacteria and protozoa occurred and could be killed.

  Therefore, conventionally, infectious diseases have been prevented by administering drugs and chlorine agents to water used in aquaculture tanks or by sterilizing water in the aquaculture tank by irradiating ultraviolet rays.

  However, among the sterilization methods for water in such aquaculture tanks, the sterilization method by drug administration is too costly because the drug is expensive, and the sterilization method by ultraviolet rays cannot provide a sufficient sterilization effect.

  Therefore, at present, a sterilization method is widely practiced that administers a chlorinating agent (for example, liquid chlorine, salash powder, calcium hypochlorite, etc.) that is low in cost and has an excellent sterilizing effect.

  However, the sterilization method by administration of the chlorinating agent is effective as a countermeasure against infection when breeding large fry and adult fish, but is not suitable as a countermeasure against infection of fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish with pathogenic bacteria. The reason for this is that if a fertilized egg of a fish shellfish is immersed in water containing a chlorine agent that is used to prevent infection of conventional fry or adult fish, the fertilized egg is adversely affected and the hatching rate of the fertilized egg decreases. As a result, the catch decreased.

  Therefore, recently, when electrolyzing salt water or seawater, attention has been paid to the formation of sodium hypochlorite in the salt water or seawater, and fertilization of fish and shellfish into the water containing sodium hypochlorite produced by this electrolysis. There has been proposed a method for improving the hatching rate of fish shell fertilized eggs so that pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized eggs are killed by immersing the eggs (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-8-33441 (Specification, page 1-3, FIG. 1)

  However, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has a narrow concentration adjustment range, and it is difficult to set a safe concentration for fertilized eggs of fish shellfish. Moreover, the stability of the property in use water is bad, it will be reduced to about half in about one month, and the bactericidal effect will fall. In addition, when ammoniacal nitrogen is present, there is a problem in that it reacts with the ammoniacal nitrogen to produce chloramine. And sodium hypochlorite is consumed about 8 times the ammonia nitrogen concentration.

  Furthermore, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) may generate carcinogenic substances such as trihalomethane by the addition reaction of chlorine with an organic substrate in water.

  On the other hand, the epidemic prevention method by setting and controlling the growth environment of fish and shellfish has a track record of about 15 years in the world of ornamental fish such as aquariums, but the track record is still unclear in the aquaculture world where economic effects are required.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention uses sodium chlorite or chlorine dioxide, which has a wide concentration adjustment range and has an effective sterilizing effect over a long period of time, as a disinfectant or disinfectant. Alternatively, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the hatching rate of fertilized fish shellfish, which enables effective prevention of the fertilized egg shellfish by immersing the fertilized egg shellfish in water containing chlorine dioxide. Is.

  The present invention is configured to include the following problem solving means in order to reliably solve the conventional problems and achieve the object.

(1) The invention of claim 1 The problem-solving means of the present invention is to immerse fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish in water containing sodium chlorite so as to kill pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish. It is characterized by that.

Sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is a highly safe disinfectant with a wide concentration adjustment range.

Therefore, when sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is added as a disinfectant to the aquatic system water used for the cultivation of seafood, an effective bactericidal action against viruses and the like occurs, and the appropriate aquatic system water is used. Processing can be achieved.

  In addition, the added sodium chlorite has stable properties in the same water used, does not decompose in a short period of time, and can exhibit an effective bactericidal effect over a long period of time.

  Unlike sodium hypochlorite, it does not produce harmful trihalomethanes and does not react with ammoniacal nitrogen in the water used. Therefore, there is no problem of chloramine production.

  Moreover, since it does not react with ammonia nitrogen, there is no need for excessive injection even when ammonia nitrogen is contained in the water used.

  Therefore, when a fertilized egg of a fish and shellfish is immersed in water for use containing such sodium chlorite, pathogenic bacteria and the like attached to the fertilized egg can be killed without adversely affecting the fertilized egg itself.

  Therefore, the hatching rate of a fertilized egg can be improved and the catch of cultured fish shellfish can be increased.

(2) Invention of Claim 2 The problem-solving means of this invention was made to kill the pathogenic microbe adhering to the fertilized egg of fish shellfish by immersing the fertilized egg of fish shellfish in the water containing chlorine dioxide. It is characterized by that.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) is a very safe disinfectant, for example, as it is approved for use in disinfecting clean water. And it has the property which is very easy to dissolve in water.

Therefore, when chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) is added as a disinfectant to water used for fish and shellfish cultivation, it dissolves easily and evenly distributes, and is extremely effective against pathogenic bacteria such as viruses or general bacteria. And appropriate treatment of the water used can be achieved.

  Further, unlike the conventional sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) described above, it does not produce carcinogenic trihalomethanes and does not easily react with ammoniacal nitrogen in the water used. Therefore, there is no problem of chloramine production.

  Moreover, since it does not react with ammonia nitrogen, there is no need for excessive injection even when ammonia nitrogen is contained in the water used.

  Therefore, when a fertilized egg of a fish and shellfish is immersed in water containing such chlorine dioxide, pathogenic bacteria and the like attached to the fertilized egg can be killed without adversely affecting the fertilized egg.

  Therefore, the hatching rate of a fertilized egg can be improved and the catch of cultured fish shellfish can be increased.

(3) Invention of Claim 3 The problem-solving means of this invention is to immerse fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish in water containing sodium chlorite and chlorine dioxide, so that pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish are removed. It is characterized by being killed.

  The same treatment as described above can be performed using sodium chlorite and chlorine dioxide in combination, and an effect equal to or higher than that in the case of single use is realized.

  As a result of the above, according to the present invention, the pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized egg can be surely killed without adversely affecting the fertilized egg, and the hatching rate of the fertilized egg can be improved effectively, Increase the catch of shellfish.

(Best Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, a method for improving the hatching rate of a fertilized fish shellfish in a fish shellfish farm, for example, according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a method for improving the hatching rate of fish and shellfish fertilized eggs according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a fish and shellfish aquaculture tank storing aquaculture water 1a suitable for fish and shellfish cultivation. A predetermined amount of sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is added as a disinfectant or disinfectant to the used water 1a in the disinfectant (sterilization, sterilization, inactivation) treatment.

This sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is added using a predetermined addition device 2, and a sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) stock solution stored in the sodium chlorite reservoir 3 by the addition device 2. Add as much as you need.

The addition timing and addition amount of sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) are controlled by, for example, a predetermined microcomputer unit 8.

Sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is a highly safe disinfectant with a wide concentration adjustment range.

Therefore, when sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is added as a disinfectant or disinfectant to the water 1a used, it has an effective antibacterial (sterilization, sterilization, inactivation) action against pathogenic bacteria such as viruses or general bacteria. It is possible to achieve appropriate treatment of the used water 1a.

Moreover, the added sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) has a stable property in the water used 1a, does not decompose in a short period of time, and can exert an effective sterilizing effect over a long period of time.

  Moreover, unlike the conventional sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) etc. which were already demonstrated, it does not produce | generate carcinogenic trihalomethane etc. and does not react with the ammoniacal nitrogen in the water 1a to be used. Therefore, there is no problem of chloramine production.

  Moreover, since it does not react with ammonia nitrogen, there is no need for excessive injection even when ammonia nitrogen is contained in the water used.

In the method for improving the hatchability of fish shell fertilized eggs according to the present embodiment, the fertilized eggs of the fish shellfish are immersed in the use water 1a containing sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) for a predetermined time. It is characterized by killing pathogenic bacteria attached to fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish.

Thus, when a fertilized egg of a fish and shellfish is immersed in water 1a containing sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ), pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized egg can be killed without adversely affecting the fertilized egg. .

  Therefore, the hatching rate of a fertilized egg can be improved and the catch of cultured fish shellfish can be increased.

In the above configuration, as shown in the drawing, the light source 1a in the aquaculture tank 1 to which the sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is further added is used for a predetermined time with a light source 4 such as a halogen lamp. May be irradiated.

  In this case, the light source 4 such as the halogen lamp is connected to a power source (AC power source) 6 via a predetermined illuminance adjusting device 5, and a predetermined illuminance (light quantity) within a predetermined time by the microcomputer unit 8. ) Is preferably controlled to be adjusted.

Thus, when the use water 1a to which sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) is added is irradiated with halogen light having a predetermined illuminance for a predetermined time, the sodium chlorite ( The sterilizing power of NaClO ₂ ) is improved.

  As a result, the bactericidal action against the virus or the like is increased, and the bactericidal effect by the water 1a used can be further improved.

Further, the amount of sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) itself added to the water 1a can be reduced, and the concentration can be reduced. Therefore, the safety with respect to the fertilized egg of fish shellfish improves more.

Of course, the activation of sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) by light is largely due to the ultraviolet light component.

  Therefore, it can also be activated using an ultraviolet lamp having a stronger ultraviolet light component than the halogen lamp described above, and by doing so, sodium chlorite in the used water can be activated more efficiently.

(Best Mode 2)
Next, a method for improving the hatching rate of fish shell fertilized eggs according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The method for improving the hatchability of a fertilized fish shellfish according to an embodiment of the present invention includes fertilizing a fish shellfish by immersing the fertilized egg shellfish within a predetermined time in a use water 1a containing chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ). It is characterized by killing pathogenic bacteria attached to eggs.

By the way, the addition of chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) to the aquaculture tank 1 stored in the use water 1a in this case is performed using, for example, an adding device 2 as shown in FIG. Add the required amount of chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) stock solution stored in part 3B when necessary.

The addition timing and addition amount of this chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) are appropriately controlled by, for example, a predetermined microcomputer unit 8, and the chlorine dioxide concentration in the used water 1a in the aquaculture tank 1 is maintained at an appropriate concentration. .

Chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) is a very safe disinfectant, for example, as it is approved for use in disinfecting clean water. And it has the property which is very easy to dissolve in water.

Therefore, when chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) is added as a disinfectant or disinfectant to the aquaculture water 1a used for the cultivation of fish and shellfish, it easily dissolves and distributes uniformly, and pathogenic bacteria or general bacteria of viruses such as viruses. On the other hand, it is possible to produce an extremely effective anti-bacterial (sterilization, sterilization, inactivation) action and to properly recycle the water used.

  Moreover, unlike the conventional sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) etc. which were already demonstrated, it does not produce | generate carcinogenic trihalomethane etc. and does not react easily with the ammoniacal nitrogen in the use water 1a. Therefore, there is no problem of chloramine production.

The concentration of chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂₎ added during use water 1a of the water used water bath 1 is performed by setting the lower range of e.g. 0.01mg / l~1.00mg / l.

The optimum concentration of chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) in the water used varies depending on the type of fish and shellfish, and the type of pathogenic bacteria such as viruses, but generally considering the high bactericidal effect, 0.02 mg / It is sufficiently effective in a very low concentration range of 1 to 0.20 mg / l, and has no effect on the survival of fertilized eggs, fry and larvae of fish and shellfish while obtaining an effective bactericidal effect.

  Therefore, when the fertilized eggs of fish shellfish are immersed in the aquaculture use water 1a containing chlorine dioxide within a predetermined time, pathogenic bacteria and the like attached to the fertilized eggs can be killed without adversely affecting the fertilized eggs.

  Therefore, the hatching rate of a fertilized egg can be improved and the catch of cultured fish shellfish can be increased.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) as the disinfectant or disinfectant is produced by any method such as an electrolytic method, a chemical method, or an ultraviolet irradiation method.

First, the method by electrolysis can be generated by electrolyzing sodium chlorite using, for example, sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) as a raw material, and does not react with ammoniacal nitrogen and is uniform in the water used 1a. Therefore, it is possible to adjust to a desired concentration.

  Therefore, for example, the water used in the seedling production tanks for fish and shellfish that require water quality that cannot be achieved with the breeding water circulation breeding system or the bottom filtration system, especially the aquaculture tanks during the larval stage (sterilized water), etc. Also suitable for.

Examples of the method utilizing a chemical reaction include a method of reducing sodium chlorate (NaClO ₃ ) under sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) acidity, a method of allowing an acid to act on sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ), and the like. There are various methods, and all of them can achieve high production efficiency.

Further, in the case of the ultraviolet irradiation method, for example, ultraviolet light is irradiated to the used water to which sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) has been added, using an ultraviolet lamp or the like.

Then, chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) is generated by the natural decomposition action of the ultraviolet light, and the bactericidal effect of sodium chlorite (NaClO ₂ ) itself is also synergistic, and the bactericidal effect against viruses and the like is greatly improved.

(Best Mode 3)
In this embodiment, the pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized eggs of the fish and shellfish are killed by immersing the fertilized eggs of the fish and shellfish in water further containing sodium chlorite and chlorine dioxide. Yes.

  For example, sodium chlorite and chlorine dioxide can be used in the same manner as in each of the above-described embodiments, and in this case, an effect equal to or higher than that in the case of single use is realized.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus which enforces the hatching rate improvement method of the shellfish fertilized egg which concerns on the best Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus which enforces the hatching rate improvement method of the shellfish fertilized egg which concerns on best Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 is an aquaculture tank, 1a is aquaculture water, 2 is an addition device, 3A is a sodium chlorite reservoir, 3B is a chlorine dioxide reservoir, 4 is a light source, 5 is an illuminance adjusting device, and 8 is a microcomputer unit. .

Claims (3)

  A method for improving the fertilization rate of fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish characterized in that pathogenic bacteria attached to fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish are killed by immersing fertilized eggs of fish and shellfish in water containing sodium chlorite .   A method for improving the hatchability of a fertilized fish shellfish, characterized in that pathogenic bacteria attached to the fertilized egg shellfish are killed by immersing the fertilized egg shellfish in water containing chlorine dioxide.   Incubation of fertilized fish shellfish characterized in that pathogens attached to fertilized eggs of fish shellfish are killed by immersing fertilized eggs of fish shellfish in water containing sodium chlorite and chlorine dioxide Rate improvement method.

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