JP2019001957A - Consolidating material for grouting and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents
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本発明は、地盤注入用固結材に関し、特に地盤注入時に地盤への浸透性が良好であり、また固結後に高強度を発揮する地盤注入用固結材及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a consolidation material for ground injection, and more particularly to a ground injection consolidation material that has good permeability to the ground during ground injection and exhibits high strength after consolidation.
従来、地盤の液状化防止注入工事に有用な地盤注入用固結材としては、例えば、珪酸ソーダと酸成分を含有する地盤注入用固結材が知られている。珪酸ソーダ（水ガラス）としては、いわゆる５号珪酸ソーダ（ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏで表されるモル比が３．７程度）、３号珪酸ソーダ（ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏで表されるモル比が３．２程度）等が用いられている。また、地盤注入用固結材のＳｉＯ２含有量を増加して強度を向上させるべく、水ガラスにコロイダルシリカを配合したものも知られている。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a solid material for ground injection useful for ground liquefaction prevention injection work, for example, a ground injection solid material containing sodium silicate and an acid component is known. As sodium silicate (water glass), so-called No. 5 sodium silicate (molar ratio represented by SiO 2 / Na 2 O is about 3.7), No. 3 sodium silicate (SiO 2 / Na 2 O represented by mol) The ratio is about 3.2). Further, in order to improve the increase in the strength of SiO 2 content of ground injection caking material, is also known that by blending colloidal silica to water glass.
具体的には、特許文献１には、コロイダルシリカと水ガラスの混合物（アルカリ性シリカ溶液）に反応剤として硫酸、リン酸、塩化アルミニウム等を添加することにより得られるグラウト（地盤注入用固結材）が記載されている。特に［0029］段落には、「例えば、アルカリ性シリカ溶液に酸性反応剤を添加して該溶液を酸性〜中性領域に調整して所定のゲル化時間（ゲルタイム）を有するグラウトとすることができる。」と記載されている。 Specifically, Patent Document 1 discloses a grout obtained by adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, aluminum chloride or the like as a reaction agent to a mixture of colloidal silica and water glass (alkaline silica solution). ) Is described. In particular, in the paragraph [0029], “For example, an acidic reagent is added to an alkaline silica solution to adjust the solution to an acidic to neutral region to obtain a grout having a predetermined gel time (gel time). . "
しかしながら、上記従来の地盤注入用固結材には次のような問題がある。即ち、従来の地盤注入用固結材はＳｉＯ２含有量を増加するために水ガラスにコロイダルシリカを混合する場合があるが、コロイダルシリカが混合されることにより地盤注入時に地盤への浸透性が十分でない。特に密な地盤又は粘土質の地盤への浸透は困難である。 However, the conventional consolidation material for ground injection has the following problems. That is, the conventional consolidation material for ground injection sometimes mixes colloidal silica with water glass in order to increase the SiO 2 content. not enough. It is particularly difficult to penetrate into dense ground or clayey ground.
地盤への浸透性を向上させるには、例えば、コロイダルシリカを使用せず、珪酸ソーダの含有量を多くすることによりＳｉＯ２含有量を確保することが提案できるが、珪酸ソーダの含有量を多くするとゲル化時間が短くなるため、地盤注入用固結材の調製自体が困難であるという問題がある。 In order to improve the permeability to the ground, for example, it can be proposed to secure the SiO 2 content by increasing the content of sodium silicate without using colloidal silica, but the content of sodium silicate is increased. Then, since gelation time becomes short, there exists a problem that preparation of the solidification material for ground injection | pouring is difficult.
よって、これらの問題を改善した地盤注入用固結材の開発が望まれており、具体的には、ＳｉＯ２含有量が１１質量％以上と多いにもかかわらず、部分ゲルの発生が抑制されていて調製が容易であり、ゲル化時間が長く確保されており、しかも地盤への浸透性が良好な地盤注入用固結材の開発が望まれている。 Therefore, it is desired to develop a consolidation material for ground injection that has improved these problems. Specifically, although the SiO 2 content is as large as 11% by mass or more, the generation of partial gel is suppressed. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a consolidation material for ground injection that is easy to prepare, has a long gelation time, and has good permeability to the ground.
本発明は、ＳｉＯ２含有量が１１質量％以上と多いにもかかわらず、部分ゲルの発生が抑制されていて調製が容易であり、ゲル化時間が長く確保されており、しかも地盤への浸透性が良好な地盤注入用固結材を提供することを目的とする。 In the present invention, although the content of SiO 2 is as large as 11% by mass or more, the generation of a partial gel is suppressed, the preparation is easy, the gelation time is long, and the penetration into the ground An object of the present invention is to provide a ground-injection consolidated material having good properties.
本発明者は、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び酸成分を含有する特定の組成物からなる地盤注入用固結材が、上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor has confirmed that a ground injection consolidated material comprising a specific composition containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and an acid component can achieve the above object. The headline and the present invention were completed.
即ち、本発明は、下記の地盤注入用固結材及びその製造方法に関する。
１．珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び酸成分を含有する地盤注入用固結材であって、
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）Ｓｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であり、
（３）ゲル化時間が１時間以上である、
ことを特徴とする地盤注入用固結材。
２．粘度が３．５ｍＰａ・ｓ以下である、上記項１に記載の地盤注入用固結材。
３．地盤注入用固結材の製造方法であって、
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）（i）珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有するＡ液と、（ii）酸成分及び水を含有し且つ珪酸ソーダを含有しないＢ液と、を混合してＣ液を得る工程を有する、
ことを特徴とする製造方法。
４．前記Ａ液を調製する原料としての前記水酸化マグネシウムは、平均粒子径が３００〜１０００μｍである、上記項３に記載の製造方法。
５．前記Ａ液を調製する原料としての前記珪酸ソーダは、ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏで表されるモル比が３〜５であり、且つ、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１０〜３０質量％である、上記項３又は４に記載の製造方法。
６．前記Ａ液を調製する原料としての前記珪酸ソーダは、ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏで表されるモル比が３．１〜３．８であり、且つ、ＳｉＯ２濃度が２０〜３０質量％である、上記項３〜５のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
７．上記項３〜６のいずれかに記載の製造方法において、前記Ｃ液を得る工程の後に、当該Ｃ液に珪酸ソーダ及び水を含有するＤ液を混合する工程を更に有する、中結型又は瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材の製造方法。
That is, this invention relates to the following solidification material for ground injection, and its manufacturing method.
1. It is a consolidation material for ground injection containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and an acid component,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) The average particle size of the solid content containing Si is 0.80 nm or less,
(3) Gelation time is 1 hour or more,
A consolidation material for ground injection characterized by this.
2. Item 2. The consolidation material for ground injection according to Item 1, wherein the viscosity is 3.5 mPa · s or less.
3. A method for producing a consolidation material for ground injection,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) A step of obtaining a liquid C by mixing (i) a liquid A containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and water, and (ii) a liquid B containing an acid component and water and not containing sodium silicate. Having
The manufacturing method characterized by the above-mentioned.
4). The said magnesium hydroxide as a raw material which prepares the said A liquid is a manufacturing method of the said claim | item 3 whose average particle diameter is 300-1000 micrometers.
5. Item 3. The sodium silicate as a raw material for preparing the liquid A has a molar ratio represented by SiO 2 / Na 2 O of 3 to 5 and an SiO 2 concentration of 10 to 30% by mass. Or the manufacturing method of 4.
6). The sodium silicate as a raw material for preparing the liquid A has a molar ratio represented by SiO 2 / Na 2 O of 3.1 to 3.8 and a SiO 2 concentration of 20 to 30% by mass. The manufacturing method in any one of said item 3-5.
7). Item 7. The manufacturing method according to any one of Items 3 to 6, wherein the step of obtaining the C solution further includes a step of mixing a D solution containing sodium silicate and water into the C solution. A method for producing a solidified material for ground injection.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、（i）珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有するＡ液と、（ii）酸成分及び水を含有し且つ珪酸ソーダを含有しないＢ液とを混合してＣ液を得ることにより調製される。この調製方法は、添加剤である水酸化マグネシウムの作用によりＡ液とＢ液とを混合した際のゲル化時間が長く確保されており、最終的な固結材のＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上と高濃度であっても部分ゲルの発生が抑制されていて調製が容易であり、しかも地盤（特に密な地盤や粘土質の地盤）への浸透性が良好である。また、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であるため固結後の強度も優れている。なお、部分ゲルの発生が抑制されていることは、地盤注入用固結材中のＳｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であることから把握することができる。 The consolidation material for ground injection according to the present invention comprises (i) liquid A containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and water, and (ii) liquid B containing an acid component and water and not containing sodium silicate. Thus, the liquid C is prepared. In this preparation method, a long gelation time is secured when the liquid A and the liquid B are mixed by the action of magnesium hydroxide as an additive, and the final consolidated material has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass. Even at a high concentration as described above, the generation of partial gel is suppressed and preparation is easy, and the permeability to the ground (especially dense ground or clayey ground) is good. Moreover, since the SiO 2 concentration is 11% by mass or more, the strength after consolidation is excellent. In addition, it can grasp | ascertain that generation | occurrence | production of a partial gel is suppressed from the average particle diameter of the solid content containing Si in the solidification material for ground injection | pouring being 0.80 nm or less.
以下、本発明の地盤注入用固結材について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the ground injection consolidation material of the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材
本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び酸成分を含有する地盤注入用固結材であって、
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）Ｓｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であり、
（３）ゲル化時間が１時間以上である、
ことを特徴とする。
The ground injection consolidation material of the present invention The ground injection consolidation material of the present invention is a ground injection consolidation material containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and an acid component,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) The average particle size of the solid content containing Si is 0.80 nm or less,
(3) Gelation time is 1 hour or more,
It is characterized by that.
上記特徴を有する本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、（i）珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有するＡ液と、（ii）酸成分及び水を含有し且つ珪酸ソーダを含有しないＢ液とを混合してＣ液を得ることにより調製される。 The ground injection solidified material of the present invention having the above-described features includes (i) A liquid containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and water, and (ii) B containing an acid component and water and not containing sodium silicate. The liquid C is prepared by mixing the liquid.
この調製方法は、添加剤である水酸化マグネシウムの作用によりＡ液とＢ液とを混合した際のゲル化時間が長く確保されており、最終的な固結材のＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上と高濃度であっても部分ゲルの発生が抑制されていて調製が容易であり、しかも地盤（特に密な地盤や粘土質の地盤）への浸透性が良好である。また、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であるため固結後の強度も優れている。 In this preparation method, a long gelation time is secured when the liquid A and the liquid B are mixed by the action of magnesium hydroxide as an additive, and the final consolidated material has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass. Even at a high concentration as described above, the generation of partial gel is suppressed and preparation is easy, and the permeability to the ground (especially dense ground or clayey ground) is good. Moreover, since the SiO 2 concentration is 11% by mass or more, the strength after consolidation is excellent.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、（i）珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有するＡ液と、（ii）酸成分及び水を含有し且つ珪酸ソーダを含有しないＢ液とを混合してＣ液を得ることにより調製される。 The consolidation material for ground injection according to the present invention comprises (i) liquid A containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and water, and (ii) liquid B containing an acid component and water and not containing sodium silicate. Thus, the liquid C is prepared.
Ａ液を調製する原料としての珪酸ソーダとしては限定されず、市販品やそれに水を加えて希釈した希釈溶液を使用できる。 It does not limit as sodium silicate as a raw material which prepares A liquid, A commercial item and the diluted solution diluted by adding water to it can be used.
珪酸ソーダのモル比（ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏ）は限定されないが、３〜５程度が好ましく、汎用の珪酸ソーダが使えるため、３．１〜３．８程度がより好ましい。 The molar ratio of sodium silicate (SiO 2 / Na 2 O) is not limited, but is preferably about 3 to 5, and more preferably about 3.1 to 3.8 because general-purpose sodium silicate can be used.
珪酸ソーダに含まれるシリカ濃度（ＳｉＯ２濃度）としては、１０〜３０質量％程度が好ましく、２０〜３０質量％程度がより好ましい。 The silica concentration (SiO 2 concentration) contained in the sodium silicate is preferably about 10 to 30% by mass, and more preferably about 20 to 30% by mass.
珪酸ソーダとしては、一般に１号珪酸ソーダ〜５号珪酸ソーダが知られているが、その中でも３号珪酸ソーダ〜５号珪酸ソーダが好ましく、特に５号珪酸ソーダが好ましい。５号珪酸ソーダを用いることにより、部分ゲルの発生をより抑制することができ、得られる地盤注入用固結材の固結後の強度向上及び収縮抑制の効果が得られ易い。５号珪酸ソーダは、モル比が３．７、ＳｉＯ２濃度が２５．６質量％であり、モル比が３．５〜３．８、ＳｉＯ２濃度が２４〜３０質量％の珪酸ソーダを用いる場合には、５号珪酸ソーダと同様の良好な効果が得られ易い。 As sodium silicate, No. 1 sodium silicate to No. 5 sodium silicate are generally known. Among them, No. 3 sodium silicate to No. 5 sodium silicate are preferable, and No. 5 sodium silicate is particularly preferable. By using No. 5 sodium silicate, the generation of partial gel can be further suppressed, and the effect of improving strength and suppressing shrinkage after consolidation of the obtained consolidated material for ground injection can be easily obtained. No. 5 sodium silicate uses a sodium silicate having a molar ratio of 3.7, an SiO 2 concentration of 25.6% by mass, a molar ratio of 3.5 to 3.8, and an SiO 2 concentration of 24 to 30% by mass. In this case, the same good effects as No. 5 sodium silicate are easily obtained.
Ａ液を調製する原料としての水酸化マグネシウムとしては限定的ではないが、地盤注入用固結材の製品品質の観点からは平均粒子径が３００〜１０００μｍのものが好ましく、特に５００〜８５０μｍのものがより好ましい。なお、本明細書における水酸化マグネシウムの平均粒子径は、光学顕微鏡を用いた２点間距離測定により測定した値である。 Although it is not limited as magnesium hydroxide as a raw material for preparing the liquid A, it is preferable that the average particle size is 300 to 1000 μm, particularly 500 to 850 μm from the viewpoint of product quality of the ground-injection consolidated material. Is more preferable. In addition, the average particle diameter of magnesium hydroxide in this specification is a value measured by measuring the distance between two points using an optical microscope.
Ａ液を調製する原料としての水酸化マグネシウムは市販品を用いることができる。なお、本発明では、水酸化マグネシウムは球状結晶から構成されていることが好ましく、針状結晶は含まれていないことが好ましい。針状結晶が含まれる場合には、水酸化マグネシウムのＡ液中での溶解性に影響を及ぼす可能性がある。よって、針状結晶が含まれる場合には、光学顕微鏡で水酸化マグネシウム粒子２００個を観察した際に針状結晶の個数は１０個以下であることが好ましい。 A commercial item can be used for the magnesium hydroxide as a raw material which prepares A liquid. In the present invention, magnesium hydroxide is preferably composed of spherical crystals, and preferably contains no acicular crystals. When acicular crystals are included, the solubility of magnesium hydroxide in the liquid A may be affected. Therefore, when acicular crystals are included, the number of acicular crystals is preferably 10 or less when 200 magnesium hydroxide particles are observed with an optical microscope.
水酸化マグネシウムはＡ液とＢ液とを混合した際のゲル化時間の短縮を抑制することができるため、水酸化マグネシウムの添加により、部分ゲルの発生を抑制し、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上である、ゲル化時間が１時間以上の地盤注入用固結材が得られる。 Magnesium hydroxide can suppress the shortening of the gelation time when the liquid A and the liquid B are mixed. Therefore, the addition of magnesium hydroxide suppresses the generation of partial gel, and the SiO 2 concentration is 11% by mass. The above-described consolidated material for injecting ground having a gelation time of 1 hour or more is obtained.
Ａ液に含まれる珪酸ソーダの含有量は限定的ではないが、Ａ液中のＳｉＯ２濃度は１１〜１５質量％程度が好ましく、１２〜１４質量％程度がより好ましい。 The content of sodium silicate contained in the liquid A is not limited, but the SiO 2 concentration in the liquid A is preferably about 11 to 15% by mass, and more preferably about 12 to 14% by mass.
また、Ａ液に含まれる水酸化マグネシウムの含有量は限定的ではないが、Ａ液中の濃度は０．７質量％程度以上が好ましく、０．７〜１．０質量％程度がより好ましい。 Moreover, although content of the magnesium hydroxide contained in A liquid is not limited, about 0.7 mass% or more is preferable and the density | concentration in A liquid is more preferable about 0.7-1.0 mass%.
Ａ液は、珪酸ソーダ、上記水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有すれば良いが、実質的には当該３成分のみから構成されていることが好ましい。その他、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で従来から地盤注入用固結材の分野で公知の添加剤を添加することは可能である。 The solution A may contain sodium silicate, the above magnesium hydroxide and water, but it is preferably substantially composed of only the three components. In addition, it is possible to add an additive conventionally known in the field of a solidification material for ground injection as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
Ｂ液に含まれる酸成分としては、限定されないが、硫酸及び／又はリン酸が好ましい。これらの酸は複数種類を混合して使用することもできる。これらの酸は、酸濃度が５０〜８０質量％の市販の酸溶液がそのまま使用できる。また、Ｂ液中の酸濃度としては、４０質量％程度以上が好ましく、４０〜８０質量％程度がより好ましい。 Although it does not limit as an acid component contained in B liquid, A sulfuric acid and / or phosphoric acid are preferable. These acids can be used in combination of a plurality of types. As these acids, commercially available acid solutions having an acid concentration of 50 to 80% by mass can be used as they are. Moreover, as an acid concentration in B liquid, about 40 mass% or more is preferable, and about 40-80 mass% is more preferable.
Ｂ液には珪酸ソーダは含有されず、Ｂ液は実質的には酸成分及び水の２成分から構成されていることが好ましい。その他、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で従来から地盤注入用固結材の分野で公知の添加剤を添加することは可能である。 B liquid does not contain sodium silicate, and B liquid is preferably substantially composed of two components, an acid component and water. In addition, it is possible to add an additive conventionally known in the field of a solidification material for ground injection as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
Ａ液とＢ液とを混合することにより得られる本発明の地盤注入用固結材（Ｃ液）における酸成分及び水の含有量は、地盤注入用固結材の所望のＳｉＯ２含有量、ｐＨ及びゲルタイムに応じて適宜設定することができる。 The content of the acid component and water in the ground injection consolidation material (C liquid) of the present invention obtained by mixing the liquid A and the liquid B is the desired SiO 2 content of the ground injection consolidation material, It can set suitably according to pH and gel time.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材のＳｉＯ２含有量は１１質量％以上であり、１２質量％以上が好ましく、上限値は１３質量％程度である。また、ｐＨとゲル化時間は関連しており、本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、ゲル化時間が１時間以上（緩結型）であって、ｐＨは４〜８程度であることが好ましい。なお、緩結型の固結材のゲル化時間の上限値としては２４時間程度である。よって、地盤注入用固結材における水の含有量はＳｉＯ２含有量の調整の点で設定し、酸成分の含有量はｐＨ及びゲルタイムの調整の点で設定すればよい。 The SiO 2 content of the consolidation material for ground injection of the present invention is 11% by mass or more, preferably 12% by mass or more, and the upper limit is about 13% by mass. Moreover, pH and gelation time are related, and the solidification material for ground injection of the present invention has a gelation time of 1 hour or more (slow-setting type) and a pH of about 4 to 8. preferable. Note that the upper limit of the gelation time of the loose-curing-type consolidated material is about 24 hours. Therefore, the water content in the ground pouring material may be set in terms of adjusting the SiO 2 content, and the acid component content may be set in terms of adjusting the pH and gel time.
Ａ液とＢ液との混合方法は限定されないが、例えば、調製用容器にＢ液を入れておき、当該Ｂ液を撹拌しながらＡ液を滴下することにより各成分を混合することが好ましい。このような混合方法を採用することにより、部分ゲルの発生を抑制しながら本発明の地盤注入用固結材を効率的に調製することができるとともに、酸成分の供給による調製用容器の腐食等の発生を効果的に抑制することができる。 Although the mixing method of A liquid and B liquid is not limited, For example, it is preferable to put B liquid into the container for preparation, and to mix each component by dripping A liquid, stirring the said B liquid. By adopting such a mixing method, it is possible to efficiently prepare the consolidation material for ground injection according to the present invention while suppressing the generation of partial gels, corrosion of the preparation container due to the supply of the acid component, etc. Can be effectively suppressed.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、原料としてコロイダルシリカを用いる必要がない。通常、地盤注入用固結材に用いられるコロイダルシリカに含まれるシリカ（ＳｉＯ２）の平均粒子径は５〜３０ｎｍであり、従来この大きな平均粒子径が地盤への浸透性を不十分とする原因になっていたが、本発明ではコロイダルシリカを用いる必要がないため地盤注入時に地盤への浸透性が良好である。このような本発明の地盤注入用固結材の粘度は限定的ではないが、３．５ｍＰａ・ｓ以下が好ましい。 The ground injection consolidation material of the present invention does not need to use colloidal silica as a raw material. Usually, the average particle diameter of silica (SiO 2 ) contained in the colloidal silica used for the ground-injection consolidated material is 5 to 30 nm, and this large average particle diameter is the cause of insufficient permeability to the ground. However, since it is not necessary to use colloidal silica in the present invention, the permeability to the ground is good when the ground is injected. The viscosity of the consolidation material for ground injection according to the present invention is not limited, but is preferably 3.5 mPa · s or less.
上記工程により得られる本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び酸成分を含有する地盤注入用固結材であって、
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）Ｓｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であり、
（３）ゲル化時間が１時間以上である。
The ground injection consolidation material of the present invention obtained by the above process is a ground injection consolidation material containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and an acid component,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) The average particle size of the solid content containing Si is 0.80 nm or less,
(3) Gelation time is 1 hour or more.
ここで、地盤注入用固結材に含まれるＳｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であることは部分ゲルの発生が抑制（許容範囲の少量のゲルの発生が認められても地盤注入用固結材の実用性に影響はない）されていることを意味し、これは調製の容易性と地盤（特に密な地盤や粘土質の地盤）への良好な浸透性の効果をもたらす。 Here, when the average particle size of the solid content containing Si contained in the consolidation material for ground injection is 0.80 nm or less, the generation of partial gel is suppressed (the generation of a small amount of gel within an allowable range is recognized). Does not affect the practicality of the consolidation material for ground injection, which means that it is easy to prepare and has good permeability to the ground (especially dense or clayey ground). Bring.
本発明では、Ｓｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径は、全自動水平型多目的Ｘ線回折装置（株式会社リガク製、製品名SmartLab）を用いて小角散乱を行い、次いで粒径・空孔径解析ソフトウェア（株式会社リガク製、製品名NANO-Solver）で球形解析することにより得られる値である。この平均粒子径は０．８０ｎｍ以下であればゲルが実質的に認められず清澄であるか又は許容範囲の少量のゲルの発生が認められても地盤注入用固結材の実用性に影響はないことを意味する。この平均粒子径は０．８０ｎｍ以下であればよいが、地盤への浸透性を考慮すると平均粒子径は小さい方が好ましく、測定可能な下限値としては０．１０ｎｍ程度である。 In the present invention, the average particle size of the solid content containing Si is subjected to small-angle scattering using a fully automatic horizontal multi-purpose X-ray diffractometer (product name: SmartLab, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation), and then particle size / hole size analysis It is a value obtained by spherical analysis with software (product name NANO-Solver, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation). If this average particle size is 0.80 nm or less, the gel is not substantially recognized, and even if the generation of a small amount of gel in an allowable range is observed, the practicality of the ground filler is not affected. Means no. The average particle diameter may be 0.80 nm or less, but considering the permeability to the ground, the average particle diameter is preferably small, and the measurable lower limit is about 0.10 nm.
本発明では、地盤注入用固結材のゲル化時間は、室温下、５００ｍｌビーカーに地盤注入用固結材１５０ｍｌ及び３８．４ｍｍ×φ８ｍｍ回転子を入れて、初速４０ｒｐｍで回転させ、回転が停止した時間をゲル化時間とした。本発明では、ゲル化時間は１時間以上であればよいが、その中でも２〜３０時間が好ましく、３〜２０時間がより好ましい。 In the present invention, the gelation time of the ground injection consolidation material is set at 150 ° C. and a 38.4 mm × φ8 mm rotor for ground injection in a 500 ml beaker at room temperature and rotated at an initial speed of 40 rpm, and the rotation stops. This time was defined as the gel time. In the present invention, the gelation time may be 1 hour or longer, but 2 to 30 hours are preferable and 3 to 20 hours are more preferable.
本発明の地盤注入用固結材は、地盤の液状化防止注入工事、地盤補強工事等に広く利用することができる。特にコロイダルシリカを含有しない点で密な地盤及び粘土質地盤への浸透性も良好である上、ＳｉＯ２含有量は１１質量％以上であり固結強度も優れている。 The consolidation material for ground injection of the present invention can be widely used for ground liquefaction prevention injection work, ground reinforcement work, and the like. In particular, it has good permeability to dense ground and clayey ground in that it does not contain colloidal silica, and has a SiO 2 content of 11% by mass or more and excellent consolidation strength.
中結型又は瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材
上記Ａ液とＢ液とを混合することにより得られる本発明の地盤注入用固結材（Ｃ液）は、ゲル化時間が１時間以上の緩結型である。当該Ｃ液に、更に珪酸ソーダ及び水を含有するＤ液を添加することにより、部分ゲルの発生を抑制しながら中結型（６０秒以上１時間未満）又は瞬結型（６０秒未満）の地盤注入用固結材をそれぞれ調製することができる。
Solidification material for ground injection of intermediate- or instant-bonding type The solidification material for ground injection (liquid C) of the present invention obtained by mixing the liquid A and liquid B described above has a gelation time of 1 hour or more. It is a loose-coupling type. By adding the D liquid containing sodium silicate and water to the C liquid, the intermediate type (60 seconds to less than 1 hour) or the instantaneous setting type (less than 60 seconds) while suppressing the generation of the partial gel. The consolidation material for ground injection can be prepared respectively.
なお、Ｄ液は珪酸ソーダ及び水の２成分からなる混合物を基本組成とし、中結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製する際は、必要に応じて、基本組成に更に酸成分を含有して３成分からなる混合物を用いてもよい。瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製する場合は、酸成分は含まずに２成分からなる基本組成を使用する。酸成分の有無及びその含有量は、中結型又は瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材のゲル化時間及びシリカ濃度に応じて調整することができる。なお、珪酸ソーダ及び酸成分の説明は、上記と同じである。 The liquid D has a basic composition of a mixture of two components of sodium silicate and water. When preparing a consolidated solid injection material for ground injection, the basic composition further contains an acid component as necessary. A mixture of three components may be used. When preparing a solidification material for instantaneous injection of ground, a basic composition composed of two components is used without including an acid component. The presence / absence of the acid component and the content thereof can be adjusted according to the gelation time and the silica concentration of the solidifying material for intermediate injection of the intermediate type or the instantaneous setting type. In addition, description of a sodium silicate and an acid component is the same as the above.
具体的には、最終的に中結型の地盤注入用固結材を得る場合には、Ｄ液中の珪酸ソーダ含有量は、ＳｉＯ２濃度として４〜７質量％程度が好ましく、５〜６質量％程度がより好ましい。Ｄ液中の酸濃度としては、０〜２質量％程度の中で調整できる。また、最終的に得られる中結型の地盤注入用固結材としては、ＳｉＯ２濃度は６〜１０質量％程度）が好ましく、ｐＨは３．４〜５程度である。 Specifically, in the case of finally obtaining an intermediate-type consolidation material for ground injection, the content of sodium silicate in the liquid D is preferably about 4 to 7% by mass as the SiO 2 concentration, and 5 to 6 About mass% is more preferable. As acid concentration in D liquid, it can adjust in about 0-2 mass%. Moreover, as a finally obtained solidification material for ground injection, the SiO 2 concentration is preferably about 6 to 10% by mass), and the pH is about 3.4 to 5.
また、最終的に瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材を得る場合には、Ｄ液中の珪酸ソーダ含有量は、ＳｉＯ２濃度として２〜５質量％程度が好ましく、３〜４質量％程度がより好ましい。また、最終的に得られる瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材としては、ＳｉＯ２濃度は６〜１０質量％程度）が好ましく、ｐＨは５〜８程度である。 Moreover, when finally obtaining the instant solidification material for ground injection, the content of sodium silicate in the liquid D is preferably about 2 to 5% by mass as the SiO 2 concentration, and about 3 to 4% by mass. Is more preferable. In addition, as the instantaneous solidification material for ground injection obtained finally, the SiO 2 concentration is preferably about 6 to 10% by mass), and the pH is about 5 to 8.
上記の通り、一旦ＳｉＯ２含有量が１１質量％以上の地盤注入用固結材（Ｃ液）を調製した後、そこに珪酸ソーダ及び水を含有し、必要に応じて更に酸成分を含有するＤ液を添加して中結型又は瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製することにより、必要成分を一度に混合して同組成の中結型又は瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製する場合と比較して部分ゲルの発生を抑制しながら各地盤注入用固結材を調製することができる。 As described above, once a ground injection solidifying material (liquid C) having a SiO 2 content of 11% by mass or more is prepared, it contains sodium silicate and water, and further contains an acid component as necessary. By adding liquid D to prepare a solidified or instant setting type solidification material for ground injection, the necessary components are mixed at once, and the intermediate composition or instantaneous setting type solidification for ground injection of the same composition is prepared. Compared to the case of preparing the material, it is possible to prepare the consolidated material for injecting each board while suppressing the generation of the partial gel.
以下に実施例、比較例及び試験例を示して本発明を具体的に説明する。但し、本発明は実施例に限定されない。 The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, comparative examples and test examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples.
実施例及び比較例では、下記材料を２０℃の条件で使用した。
・５号珪酸ソーダ（富士化学株式会社製）
（SiO2：25.6質量%, Na2O：7.1質量%, モル比：3.7, 富士化学（株）製）
・３号珪酸ソーダ（富士化学株式会社製）
（SiO2：29.0質量%, Na2O：9.3質量%, モル比：3.2, 富士化学（株）製）
・７８％硫酸（工業用）
・水酸化マグネシウム（和光純薬工業株式会社製）
但し、水酸化マグネシウムの平均粒子径は６９．３０ｎｍであり、水酸化マグネシウムには実質的に針状結晶は含まれていなかった。
・水（工業用）
実施例１〜２及び比較例１〜３（地盤注入用固結材の調製）
下記表１に示すＡ液及びＢ液を用意し、Ｂ液を１３０ｒｐｍで撹拌しながらＡ液をポンプ流量９．０５ｍＬ／ｓｅｃで滴下することにより混合し、実施例１〜２及び比較例１〜３の地盤注入用固結材を調製した。
In the examples and comparative examples, the following materials were used under the condition of 20 ° C.
・ No. 5 sodium silicate (Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(SiO 2 : 25.6% by mass, Na 2 O: 7.1% by mass, molar ratio: 3.7, manufactured by Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd.)
・ No.3 sodium silicate (Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(SiO 2: 29.0 wt%, Na 2 O: 9.3 wt%, molar ratio: 3.2, manufactured by Fuji Chemical Co.)
・ 78% sulfuric acid (industrial)
・ Magnesium hydroxide (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
However, the average particle diameter of the magnesium hydroxide was 69.30 nm, and the acicular crystals were not substantially contained in the magnesium hydroxide.
・ Water (industrial)
Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 (Preparation of consolidated material for ground injection)
Prepare liquid A and liquid B shown in Table 1 below, and mix by dropping liquid A at a pump flow rate of 9.05 mL / sec while stirring liquid B at 130 rpm. Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1- 3 ground injection consolidation material was prepared.
各地盤注入用固結材の特徴を表１に併せて示す。なお、ゲルタイムはカップ倒立法により測定した。本明細書における地盤注入用固結材の性状の評価基準は下記の通りである。 Table 1 shows the characteristics of the caking materials for local board injection. The gel time was measured by the cup inversion method. The evaluation criteria for the properties of the ground injection consolidated material in the present specification are as follows.
○：ゲルが実質的に認められず清澄である
△：許容範囲の少量のゲルの発生が認められる（実用性あり）
×：多量のゲルの発生が認められる（実用性なし）
○: The gel is not substantially recognized and clear Δ: The occurrence of a small amount of gel in an allowable range is recognized (with practicality)
X: Generation of a large amount of gel is recognized (no practicality)
表１の結果によれば、所定のＡ液とＢ液とを混合して得られる実施例１〜２の地盤注入用固結材は、いずれもＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であるが、ゲルの発生が認められないか又は許容範囲内のゲルの発生に留まっており、実用性がある。 According to the results of Table 1, all of the ground injection consolidation materials of Examples 1 and 2 obtained by mixing the predetermined liquid A and liquid B have a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more. The generation of gel is not observed, or the generation of the gel within the allowable range is limited, which is practical.
これに対して、水酸化マグネシウムを使用しない比較例２の地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１２質量％では許容範囲を超える多量のゲルが生じたため、実用性がない。 On the other hand, the ground injection solidified material of Comparative Example 2 that does not use magnesium hydroxide has no practicality because a large amount of gel exceeding the allowable range was generated when the SiO 2 concentration was 12% by mass.
比較例３の地盤注入用固結材は、Ａ液に水酸化マグネシウムを使用せず、且つ、５号珪酸ナトリウムをＡ液及びＢ液の両方に配合して調製したものであり、許容範囲を超える多量のゲルが生じたため、実用性がない。 The consolidation material for ground injection of Comparative Example 3 was prepared by using magnesium hydroxide in the A liquid and by blending No. 5 sodium silicate in both the A liquid and the B liquid. Since a large amount of gel is produced, it is not practical.
実施例３（瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材の調製）
実施例１で調製した地盤注入用固結材を２００ｇ用意し、そこに５号珪酸ナトリウム１３．２ｇ及び水９０．０ｇからなる希釈５号珪酸ナトリウムを添加することにより瞬結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製した。
Example 3 (Preparation of a solidified material for instantaneous injection of ground)
200 g of ground consolidation material prepared in Example 1 was prepared, and dilute sodium 5 silicate consisting of 13.2 g of sodium silicate 5 and 90.0 g of water was added to it for instantaneous ground injection. A consolidated material was prepared.
得られた地盤注入用固結材の特徴は下記表２に示す通りである。 The characteristics of the obtained consolidation material for ground injection are as shown in Table 2 below.
実施例４（中結型の地盤注入用固結材の調製）
実施例１で調製した地盤注入用固結材を１９７．４ｇ用意し、そこに７８％硫酸２．６ｇを添加し、更にそこに５号珪酸ナトリウム２５．９ｇ及び水８０．４ｇからなる希釈５号珪酸ナトリウムを添加することにより中結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製した。
Example 4 (Preparation of consolidated binder for ground injection)
197.4 g of the ground injection solidified material prepared in Example 1 was prepared, and 2.6 g of 78% sulfuric acid was added thereto, and further diluted 5 consisting of 25.9 g of No. 5 sodium silicate and 80.4 g of water. A consolidated solidification material for ground injection was prepared by adding No. sodium silicate.
得られた地盤注入用固結材の特徴は下記表２に示す通りである。 The characteristics of the obtained consolidation material for ground injection are as shown in Table 2 below.
比較例４（中結型の地盤注入用固結材の調製）
５号珪酸ナトリウム１１９．８４ｇ及び水８０．１６ｇからなるＡ液と、７８％硫酸１６．２ｇ及び水９０．４７ｇからなるＢ液とを混合する従来法（Ｂ液にＡ液を混合）によって、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１０質量％の中結型の地盤注入用固結材を調製した。
Comparative Example 4 (Preparation of a consolidated binder for ground injection)
By the conventional method (mixing A liquid into B liquid) which mixes A liquid consisting of 119.84 g of No. 5 sodium silicate and 80.16 g of water and B liquid consisting of 16.2 g of 78% sulfuric acid and 90.47 g of water, A consolidation type ground injection consolidation material having a SiO 2 concentration of 10% by mass was prepared.
得られた地盤注入用固結材の特徴は下記表２に示す通りである。 The characteristics of the obtained consolidation material for ground injection are as shown in Table 2 below.
比較例４は従来法で調製した中結型の地盤注入用固結材であり、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１０質量％，ゲルタイム２０分の条件で性状が×であることが分かる。従来法で調製する限り、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１０質量％においてゲルタイムが２０分以下の条件はいずれも性状が×になることが分かっている。 Comparative Example 4 is a solidified ground-injection consolidation material prepared by a conventional method, and it can be seen that the property is x under the conditions of SiO 2 concentration of 10 mass% and gel time of 20 minutes. As long as it is prepared by the conventional method, it is known that the property is x in any condition where the SiO 2 concentration is 10% by mass and the gel time is 20 minutes or less.
試験例１（固結体の作製及び一軸圧縮強さの測定）
実施例１、比較例１〜２で作製した３種の地盤注入用固結材を用いて固結体（供試体）を作製し、一軸圧縮強度を測定した。具体的には、豊浦硅砂を用いてＤｒ＝５０、φ＝５０ｍｍ、ｈ＝１００ｍｍで水中落下法により固結体を作製し、材令７日及び２８日で一軸圧縮強さを測定した。
Test Example 1 (Production of a consolidated body and measurement of uniaxial compressive strength)
A consolidated body (sample) was prepared using the three types of ground injection consolidated materials prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the uniaxial compressive strength was measured. Specifically, a solidified body was prepared by dripping in water using Toyoura cinnabar at Dr = 50, φ = 50 mm, h = 100 mm, and the uniaxial compressive strength was measured on days 7 and 28.
結果を図２に示す。図２によれば、実施例１の地盤注入用固結材を用いて作製した固結体（以下、「実施例１の固結体」という。他も同様。）は、材令２８日で目標値の８００ｋＮ／ｍ２を達成した。この数値は、比較例１の固結体と比べて、材令７日では約４２％、材令２８日では約３４％高い強度であった。 The results are shown in FIG. According to FIG. 2, the consolidated body produced using the ground injection consolidated material of Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as “consolidated body of Example 1”, the same applies to others) is 28 days old. The target value of 800 kN / m 2 was achieved. This numerical value was about 42% higher on the material age 7 days and about 34% higher on the material age 28 days than the solidified body of Comparative Example 1.
なお、同じＳｉＯ２濃度で比較すると、水酸化マグネシウムに含まれる添加物の影響と推測されるが、実施例１の固結体は比較例２の固結体と比べて強度はやや劣るが、材令７日では約１６％低かった強度が、材令２８日では約６％の低下に留まった。これは、水酸化マグネシウムを添加した実施例１の地盤注入用固結材のゲルタイムが長く、硬化までに時間を要するためと推測される。実施例１と比較例２の固結体を比較すると、材令２８日以降ではほぼ遜色ない強度が得られている。 In addition, when compared at the same SiO 2 concentration, it is presumed that the influence of the additive contained in the magnesium hydroxide, the strength of the consolidated body of Example 1 is slightly inferior to that of Comparative Example 2, The strength, which was about 16% lower on the 7th day of the material age, remained at a decrease of about 6% on the 28th day of the material age. This is presumed to be because the gel time of the ground injection consolidated material of Example 1 to which magnesium hydroxide was added is long and it takes time to cure. When the consolidated bodies of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are compared, a strength comparable to that obtained after the material age of 28 days is obtained.
Claims (7)
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）Ｓｉを含有する固形分の平均粒子径が０．８０ｎｍ以下であり、
（３）ゲル化時間が１時間以上である、
ことを特徴とする地盤注入用固結材。 It is a consolidation material for ground injection containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and an acid component,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) The average particle size of the solid content containing Si is 0.80 nm or less,
(3) Gelation time is 1 hour or more,
A consolidation material for ground injection characterized by this.
（１）前記地盤注入用固結材は、ＳｉＯ２濃度が１１質量％以上であり、
（２）（i）珪酸ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム及び水を含有するＡ液と、（ii）酸成分及び水を含有し且つ珪酸ソーダを含有しないＢ液と、を混合してＣ液を得る工程を有する、
ことを特徴とする製造方法。 A method for producing a consolidation material for ground injection,
(1) The consolidation material for ground injection has a SiO 2 concentration of 11% by mass or more,
(2) A step of obtaining a liquid C by mixing (i) a liquid A containing sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and water, and (ii) a liquid B containing an acid component and water and not containing sodium silicate. Having
The manufacturing method characterized by the above-mentioned.
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| JPS60231785A (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1985-11-18 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Pouring grout into ground |
| JPS60231786A (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1985-11-18 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Pouring grout into ground |
| JPS60233192A (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-19 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting method |
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