JP2018531355A - 炭化水素処理プラント内の統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール - Google Patents
炭化水素処理プラント内の統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018531355A JP2018531355A JP2018517769A JP2018517769A JP2018531355A JP 2018531355 A JP2018531355 A JP 2018531355A JP 2018517769 A JP2018517769 A JP 2018517769A JP 2018517769 A JP2018517769 A JP 2018517769A JP 2018531355 A JP2018531355 A JP 2018531355A
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- refrigerant
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図3
Description
この出願は、本明細書に引用によってその全体が組み込まれている「炭化水素処理プラント内の統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール」という名称の2015年10月6日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/237,842号の利益を主張するものである。
Claims (33)
- 統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールを使用して天然ガスを処理して液化天然ガス(LNG)を生成する方法であって、
(a)第1の冷媒回路からの第1の冷媒を使用して1又は2以上の熱交換器の第1のアレイ内で前記天然ガスを冷却する段階であって、前記第1の冷媒が第1の圧縮機内で圧縮される冷却段階と、
(b)第2の圧縮機内で第2の冷媒回路からの第2の冷媒を圧縮する段階と、
(c)前記圧縮された第2の冷媒を、前記第1の冷媒を使用して、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置された1又は2以上の熱交換器の第2のアレイ内で冷却して部分的に凝縮する段階と、
(d)前記部分的に凝縮された第2の冷媒を、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置された冷媒分離機を使用して液体相と蒸気相とに分離する段階と、
(e)前記部分的に凝縮された第2の冷媒の前記蒸気相及び液体相を使用して、前記1又は2以上の熱交換器の第3のアレイ内で前記天然ガスを液化してLNGを生成する段階と、を含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第1のアレイは、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されている、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記冷媒分離機は、少なくとも1つの熱交換器の前記第2のアレイに、前記冷媒分離機の入口と少なくとも1つの熱交換器の前記第2のアレイ内の最も近い熱交換器の出口とを接続する処理パイプの長さが10メートル未満であるように、接続されている、
請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第3のアレイは、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されている、
請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 作動現場で熱交換器の前記第3のアレイを、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに接続する段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第3のアレイは、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールとは別のモジュールに設置され、かつ前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに作動現場で接続される、
請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 段階(e)の前に、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに設置されたスクラブ円柱を使用して前記天然ガスから重質炭化水素成分を除去する段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールにおいて、前記部分的に凝縮された液体冷媒の液体ストリームを等エントロピー的に膨張させる段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールにおいて、前記LNGを等エントロピー的に膨張させる段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールにおいて、(a)前記LNGのエンドフラッシュ及び/又は(b)窒素排除のための構成要素を与える段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の冷媒のためのバッファ液体ストレージを与えるアキュームレータ容器を前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに含める段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の冷媒のサブクールを与えるサブクール熱交換器が、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに含まれ、
請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の冷媒は、プロパン及び/又はプロピレンであり、前記第2の冷媒は、メタン、エタン及び/又はエチレン、及びプロパン及び/又はプロピレンを含む混合冷媒である、
請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに1又は2以上の熱交換器の第4のアレイを配置する段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール上の構成要素を、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールが配置されたLNG施設内の他のモジュールに接続するように構成されたパイプのアレイを、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに配置する段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールが配置されたLNG施設内の第1の追加モジュール上の構成要素を前記LNG施設内の第2の追加モジュールに接続するように構成されたパイプのアレイを、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに配置する段階を更に含む、
請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 第1の冷媒回路と、
前記第1の冷媒回路内で循環するように構成された第1の冷媒と、
前記第1の冷媒を圧縮するように構成された第1の圧縮機と、
前記第1の冷媒を使用して炭化水素ストリームを冷却するように構成された1又は2以上の熱交換器の第1のアレイと、
第2の冷媒回路と、
前記第2の冷媒回路内で循環するように構成された第2の冷媒と、
前記第2の冷媒を圧縮するように構成された第2の圧縮機と、
前記圧縮された第2の冷媒を前記第1の冷媒を使用して冷却して部分的に凝縮するように構成された1又は2以上の熱交換器の第2のアレイと、
前記部分的に凝縮された第2の冷媒を液体相と蒸気相とに分離するように構成された冷媒分離機と、
前記部分的に凝縮された第2の冷媒の前記蒸気相及び液体相を使用して前記炭化水素ストリームを液化するように構成された1又は2以上の熱交換器の第3のアレイと、
1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第2のアレイと前記冷媒分離機とが内部に配置された統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールと、備えている、
炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記炭化水素ストリームは、天然ガスであり、前記液化された炭化水素ストリームは、液化天然ガス(LNG)である、
請求項17に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第1のアレイは、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに配置されている、
請求項17又は18に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記冷媒分離機を少なくとも1つの熱交換器の前記第2のアレイに接続する処理パイプを更に含み、
前記冷媒分離機の入口と少なくとも1つの熱交換器の前記第2のアレイ内の最も近い熱交換器の出口とを接続する処理パイプの長さが、10メートル未満である、
請求項17ないし19のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第3のアレイは、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されている、
請求項17ないし20のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 熱交換器の前記第3のアレイは、作動現場で前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールに接続されている、
請求項17ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールとは別の1又は2以上の熱交換器の前記第3のアレイが内部に設置された第2のモジュールを更に含む、
請求項17ないし22のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置され前記炭化水素ストリームから重質炭化水素成分を除去するように構成されたスクラブ円柱を更に含む、
請求項17ないし23のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置され前記部分的に凝縮された液体冷媒の液体ストリームを等エントロピー的に膨張させるように構成された等方的膨張構成要素を更に含む、
請求項17ないし24のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置され前記液化された炭化水素ストリームを等エントロピー的に膨張させるように構成された等方的膨張構成要素を更に含む、
請求項17ないし25のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - (a)前記LNGのエンドフラッシュ及び/又は(b)窒素排除のための構成要素を更に含み、
前記構成要素は、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されている、
請求項17ないし26のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記第1の冷媒のためのバッファ液体ストレージを与えるように構成され、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されたアキュームレータ容器を更に含む、
請求項17ないし27のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記第1の冷媒のサブクールを与えるように構成され、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置されたサブクール熱交換器を更に含む、
請求項17ないし28のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記第1の冷媒は、プロパン及び/又はプロピレンであり、前記第2の冷媒は、メタン、エタン及び/又はエチレン、及びプロパン及び/又はプロピレンを含む混合冷媒である、
請求項17ないし29のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール内に配置された1又は2以上の熱交換器の第4のアレイを配置することを更に含む、
請求項17ないし30のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール上に配置され、前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール上の構成要素を、前記該統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールが配置された炭化水素処理施設内の他のモジュールに接続するように構成されたパイプのアレイを更に含む、
請求項17ないし31のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。 - 前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュールが配置された炭化水素処理施設内の第1の追加モジュール上の構成要素を前記炭化水素処理施設内の第2の追加モジュールに接続するように構成された前記統合された冷凍及び液化モジュール上のパイプのアレイを更に含む、
請求項17ないし32のいずれか1項に記載の炭化水素処理プラント。
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