JP7313459B2 - 天然ガス液化装置 - Google Patents
天然ガス液化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 180
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 88
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 138
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
予冷用冷媒を用い、前記天然ガス液化装置に供給された天然ガスを予冷する予冷用熱交換器を含む予冷部と、液化用冷媒を用い前記予冷された後の天然ガスを液化する液化用熱交換器を含む液化部と、が配置された冷却領域と、
気化した前記予冷用冷媒を圧縮する第1の圧縮機と、気化した前記液化用冷媒を圧縮する第2の圧縮機と、が配置された圧縮領域と、
前記第1の圧縮機にて圧縮された予冷用冷媒を冷却する空冷式クーラー群が、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、
前記第2の圧縮機にて圧縮された液化用冷媒を冷却する空冷式クーラー群が、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、を備え、
前記冷却領域と、前記圧縮領域と、の少なくとも一部が前記第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域の前記長方形の長辺を挟んで互いに対向する位置に配置されたことと、
前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、その長辺が、前記圧縮領域を含む矩形状領域の前記第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域の長辺と対向する一辺とは異なる辺と対向する位置に配置されたことと、
前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、は、前記矩形状領域を挟んで互いに対向するように配置されたことと、を特徴とする。
(a)過冷却用冷媒を用い前記液化した天然ガスを過冷却する過冷却用熱交換器を含む過冷却部と、前記過冷却用熱交換器にて気化した液化用冷媒を圧縮する第3の圧縮機と、が配置されたこと。
(b)前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された2つの冷媒クーラー群配置領域に分けて設けられ、
前記2つの冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、互いの長辺を同じ方向に向け、短辺方向に隣り合って配置されたこと。
(c)前記第1の圧縮機を駆動する駆動機と、前記第2の圧縮機を駆動する駆動機と、が共通であること。
また予冷用冷媒を冷却する第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域を、その長辺が、前記圧縮領域を含む矩形状領域の前記第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域の長辺と対向する一辺とは異なる辺と対向する位置に配置している。このように第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域とを離して配置することにより、クレーンなどを用いた建設作業がしやすくなり建設性が良くなる。
同様に液化部3及び過冷却部4は、夫々液化用冷媒及び過冷却用冷媒を用いNGの液化、LNGの過冷却を行う熱交換器(液化用熱交換器、過冷却用熱交換器)を備えている。そしてNG液化装置には、気化した液化用冷媒を圧縮する第2の圧縮機31及び圧縮された液化用冷媒を冷却する複数のACHEを含む第2の冷媒クーラー群32と、気化した過冷却用冷媒を圧縮する第3の圧縮機41及び圧縮された過冷却用冷媒を冷却する複数のACHEを含む第3の冷媒クーラー群42と、が設けられている。
また本実施の形態に係るNG液化装置は、既述の予冷用冷媒を用いて、第2の冷媒クーラー群32にて冷却された液化用冷媒をさらに冷却する液化用冷媒/予冷用冷媒熱交換器8(以下、「冷媒冷却熱交換器8」ともいう)を備えている。
このような問題に対して、本実施の形態に係るNG液化装置では、第1のパイプラック10Aと第2のパイプラック10Bとの間に圧縮領域5が設けられ、これらのパイプラック10A、10Bが離れて配置されている。このため、クレーン等が進入し作業を行う空間を十分に確保することができるため、建設作業がしやすく建設性が良くなる。
これに対して本実施の形態に係るNG液化装置では、NG液化装置の中央に第2のパイプラック10Bのみを配置している。このため、2本のパイプラック10A、10Bを設置する場合と比較して、1本のパイプラック10Bの設置に付随する作業は少ない。そのため、第2のパイプラック10Bの設置後、比較的短期間で周囲機器の設置を開始することができる。
これに対して図2に示すように、第2のパイプラック10Bの長辺を挟んで、圧縮領域5と冷却領域6との少なくとも一部を対向させて配置した本例のNG液化装置では、例えば気化した冷媒が流れる大口径配管が、第2のパイプラック10Bを横切る配置となってしまう。
一方、大口配管と他の配管の干渉を避けて大口径配管を屈曲して配置する場合、資材使用量が増え、パイプラックが高くなるため建設が複雑となる。本発明の配管201は略直管状であり、このような問題は生じない。
この例においても、(1)第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域23と第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域33とを離して配置し、(2)圧縮領域5と、冷却領域6との少なくとも一部が、第2のパイプラック10Bの長辺を挟んで互いに対向する位置に設けることにより、既述の実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。
また図5に示すように第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域23を上面から見て長方形に整列配置された2本の第1のパイプラック10Aに分けて設け、互いの長辺を同じ方向に向け、短辺方向に隣り合って配置してもよい。
3 液化部
5 圧縮領域
6 冷却領域
21 第1の圧縮機
23 第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域
31 第2の圧縮機
33 第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域
Claims (4)
- 天然ガスを液化する天然ガス液化装置において、
予冷用冷媒を用い、前記天然ガス液化装置に供給された天然ガスを予冷する予冷用熱交換器を含む予冷部と、液化用冷媒を用い前記予冷された後の天然ガスを液化する液化用熱交換器を含む液化部と、が配置された冷却領域と、
気化した前記予冷用冷媒を圧縮する第1の圧縮機と、気化した前記液化用冷媒を圧縮する第2の圧縮機と、が配置された圧縮領域と、
前記第1の圧縮機にて圧縮された予冷用冷媒を冷却する空冷式クーラー群が、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、
前記第2の圧縮機にて圧縮された液化用冷媒を冷却する空冷式クーラー群が、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、を備え、
前記冷却領域と、前記圧縮領域と、の少なくとも一部が前記第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域の前記長方形の長辺を挟んで互いに対向する位置に配置されたことと、
前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、その長辺が、前記圧縮領域を含む矩形状領域の前記第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域の長辺と対向する一辺とは異なる辺と対向する位置に配置されたことと、
前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、第2の冷媒クーラー群配置領域と、は、前記矩形状領域を挟んで互いに対向するように配置されたことと、を特徴とする天然ガス液化装置。 - 過冷却用冷媒を用い前記液化した天然ガスを過冷却する過冷却用熱交換器を含む過冷却部と、前記過冷却用熱交換器にて気化した液化用冷媒を圧縮する第3の圧縮機と、が配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の天然ガス液化装置。
- 前記第1の冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、上面から見て長方形に整列配置された2つの冷媒クーラー群配置領域に分けて設けられ、
前記2つの冷媒クーラー群配置領域は、互いの長辺を同じ方向に向け、短辺方向に隣り合って配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の天然ガス液化装置。 - 前記第1の圧縮機を駆動する駆動機と、前記第2の圧縮機を駆動する駆動機と、が共通であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の天然ガス液化装置。
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