JP2018517744A - 有機アルセノキシド化合物とmTOR阻害剤の組合せ医薬 - Google Patents
有機アルセノキシド化合物とmTOR阻害剤の組合せ医薬 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/436—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a six-membered ring having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. rapamycin
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
以下に記載するのは、本発明の説明を理解するのに役立つと思われるいくつかの定義である。これらは一般的な定義を目的とするものであって、本発明の範囲が決してこれらの用語にのみ限定されるべきではないが、のちの説明の理解を深めるために記載する。
本発明は、PENAOを含めた有機アルセノキシド化合物とラパマイシン哺乳類(機構的)標的(mTOR)阻害剤との相乗的組合せ医薬に関する。
本発明の相乗的組合せ医薬の一実施形態では、有機アルセノキシド化合物は、リンカー基を介してフェニルアルセノキシド基と連結した任意選択で置換されたアミノ酸部分を含む。
As(OH)2基は、フェニル環上のN原子に対してパラ位にあり;
R1は、水素およびC1〜3アルキルから選択され;
R2およびR3は、同じものであっても異なるものであってもよく、水素および任意選択で置換されたC1〜3アルキルから独立して選択され;
R4およびR5は、同じものであっても異なるものであってもよく、水素および任意選択で置換されたC1〜3アルキルから独立して選択され;
mは1であり;
nは1であり;
*はキラル炭素原子を表し;
任意選択の置換基はそれぞれ、C1〜3アルキル、C1〜3アルコキシ、ハロ、ヒドロキシルまたはヒドロキシ(C1〜3)アルキルから独立して選択される];
その塩、鏡像異性体およびラセミ体である。
本発明のラパマイシン哺乳類(機構的)標的(mTOR)阻害剤には、ラパマイシン(シロリムス)およびラパマイシンアナログ(ラパログ)が含まれる。ラパログの非限定的な例としては、エベロリムス、テムシロリムス、デホロリムスおよびゾタロリムスが挙げられる。mTOR阻害剤としてはほかにも、非ラパマイシン阻害剤、例えばAXD8055、選択的ATP競合mTORキナーゼ阻害剤のほか、PI3KとmTORの二重阻害剤であるBEZ235などが挙げられる。本発明の相乗的組合せ医薬の好ましい実施形態では、mTOR阻害剤はラパログである。
一態様では、本発明は、有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと、mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグとを含む、相乗的組合せ医薬に関する。このような組合せは、同時投与、個別投与または連続投与するものであり得る。このような組合せは、固形腫瘍を含めた増殖性疾患の治療に有用であり得る。
本明細書に開示される式(I)の化合物、例えばPENAOなどならびにその薬学的に許容される塩および水和物は、増殖内皮細胞内のミトコンドリアのアデニンヌクレオチドトランスロケーター(ANT)のシステイン残基と結合することにより、ミトコンドリア膜透過性遷移(MPT)を誘導することが可能である。したがって、本発明による式(I)の化合物は増殖停止および細胞死を引き起こし得る。式(I)の化合物は、内皮細胞増殖の選択的阻害剤となり得るという点で有利である。例えば、式(I)の化合物は、腫瘍細胞と比較して内皮細胞増殖の選択的阻害剤となり得る。したがって、式(I)の化合物は増殖性疾患の治療に有用であり得る。
医学的使用には通常、本発明の化合物の塩は薬学的に許容される塩となるが、本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の調製には、それ以外の塩も使用し得る。薬学的に許容される塩は、妥当な医学的判断の範囲内で、過度の中毒、刺激、アレルギー反応などを引き起こさずにヒトおよびこれより下等な動物の組織と接触させて使用するのに適しており、かつ妥当な利益/リスク比に見合う塩を意味する。薬学的に許容される塩は当該技術分野で周知である。
別途記載されない限り、試薬および化学薬品はいずれも、Sigma社(セントルイス、ミズーリ州)のものであった。PENAOは、既に記載されている(国際公開第2008/052279号)通りに調製した。別途記載されない限り、細胞はATCC(ベセスダ、バージニア州)のものであり、培地、血清、抗生物質およびサプリメントはいずれも、Invitrogen社(マルグレーブ、ビクトリア州、オーストラリア)製のものである。いずれの培養物にも、20単位/mLのペニシリンおよび20単位/mLのストレプトマイシンを入れた。10%v/vウシ胎仔血清および2mMグルタミンを含有するRPMI1640培地でAsPC1細胞(ヒト膵臓腺癌、転移部位由来、Kras変異G12D)、SKOV3細胞(ヒト類内膜卵巣癌)およびU251MG細胞(ヒト膠芽腫星状細胞腫)細胞を培養した。2mMグルタミンを含有するDMEMでPanc1(ヒト膵臓腺癌、Kras変異G12D)細胞を培養した。20%v/vウシ胎仔血清および2mMグルタミンを含有するIMDMでCapan1(ヒト膵臓腺癌、転移部位由来、Kras変異G12V)細胞を培養した。10%v/vウシ胎仔血清、2.5%v/vウマ血清および2mMグルタミンを含有するDMEMでMiaPaca2細胞(ヒト膵臓腺癌、Kras変異G12C)を培養した。新たにプレコーティングしたマトリゲル(リン酸緩衝生理食塩水で1:100に希釈、Falcon社、Corning社)上で20ng/mLのEGFおよびFGFを含む無血清培地(RHB−A、Cellartis、タカラバイオ株式会社)を用いてG89(原発性膠芽腫の患者に由来する細胞、未メチル化MGMTプロモーター)細胞を培養した。コンフルーエントに達した後の継代は、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(5mL)で2回洗浄し、次いでアキュターゼ(T75フラスコ1個当たり2mL)で処置した後、トリプシンインヒビター(アキュターゼの半分の体積)で不活化する。Kerrie McDonald准教授からG89細胞を入手した。いずれの細胞系もマイコプラズマ(Mycoplasma)菌種による汚染の検査結果は陰性であり、CO25%、相対湿度95%、37℃に制御された環境で維持した。
最初にPENAOを添加し、次いでラパログ(エベロリムス)を添加すると、同化合物を同時に加えたときと同等のレベルでヒト膵臓MiaPaca2細胞の増殖が相乗的に阻害される(図2)。これに対し、PENAOの前にエベロリムスを添加した場合、相乗作用はみられない。
SKOV3細胞溶解物由来のタンパク質をSDS−PAGEにより分離し、LC3B(Cell Signaling社)、cPARP−1(Cell Signaling社)、mTOR、Akt、3EBP1、βアクチンまたはGAPDH(Abcam社)を認識する抗体でイムノブロットした。ImageQuant LAS 4000システム(GE Healthcare Life Sciences社)を用いて画像を取得した。化合物曝露から24時間後、Acridine Orange(0.25μg/mL、Life Technologies社)で15分間染色することにより、オートリソソームの検出を実施した。Zen2012 Carl Zeiss−AxioVert.A.1蛍光顕微鏡を用いて、緑(BP530〜585nm)および赤(BP450〜490nm)の蛍光チャンネルで画像を取得した(Klionskyら、2012;Lenaら、2009)。
6〜8週齢の雌BALB/cヌードマウスの近位正中の皮下に膵臓癌腫MiaPaca2細胞を4×106個注射した。約100mm3の腫瘍を担持するマウスを無作為化により4つのグループ(1グループあたりn=8)に割り付け、側腹部に皮下Alzet微小浸透圧モデル1004ポンプを埋植し、溶媒または0.25mg/(kg・日)のPENAOを送達した。ポンプ埋植から4日後、マウスに5mg/(kg・日)のエベロリムスを週5日経口投与した。
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Claims (35)
- 有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと、mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグとを含む、相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物が、式(I)の化合物:
前記As(OH)2基は、前記フェニル環上の前記N原子に対してパラ位にあり;
R1は、水素およびC1〜3アルキルから選択され;
R2およびR3は、同じものであっても異なるものであってもよく、水素および任意選択で置換されたC1〜3アルキルから独立して選択され;
R4およびR5は、同じものであっても異なるものであってもよく、水素および任意選択で置換されたC1〜3アルキルから独立して選択され;
mは1であり;
nは1であり;
*はキラル炭素原子を表し;
任意選択の置換基はそれぞれ、C1〜3アルキル、C1〜3アルコキシ、ハロ、ヒドロキシルまたはヒドロキシ(C1〜3)アルキルから独立して選択される];
その塩、鏡像異性体およびラセミ体である、請求項1に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。 - R1が、水素、メチルおよびエチルから選択される、請求項2に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- R2およびR3が、水素、メチル、エチル、ヒドロキシメチルおよびCF3から独立して選択される、請求項2または3に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- R4およびR5が、水素、C1〜3アルキル、ヒドロキシ(C1〜3)アルキルおよびハロ(C1〜3)アルキルから独立して選択される、請求項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記As(OH)2が、前記フェニル環上の前記N原子に対してパラ位にあり、R1が水素またはメチルであり、R2およびR3が、水素、C1〜3アルキル、ヒドロキシ(C1〜3)アルキルおよびハロ(C1〜3)アルキルから独立して選択され、R4およびR5が、水素、C1〜3アルキル、ヒドロキシ(C1〜3)アルキルおよびハロ(C1〜3)アルキルから独立して選択され、mが1であり、nが1である、請求項2に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシドが、以下の構造式:
- *で表される前記キラル炭素における立体化学が(S)である、請求項7に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬およびその塩。
- 前記mTOR阻害剤がラパログである、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記ラパログが、エベロリムス、テムシロリムス、デホロリムスおよびゾタロリムスからなる群より選択される、請求項9に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記ラパログが、エベロリムスまたはテムシロリムスである、請求項9に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物が、4−(N−(S−ペニクラミニルアセチル(penicllaminylacetyl))アミノ)フェニル亜アルシン酸(PENAO)またはその薬学的に許容される塩であり、前記mTOR阻害剤がラパログである、請求項1に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物が、PENAOまたはその薬学的に許容される塩であり、前記mTOR阻害剤が、エベロリムス、テムシロリムスおよびデホロリムスからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと前記mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグが単一剤形中に存在する、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと前記mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグが別個の剤形中に存在する、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 併用指数(CI)が1未満である、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- CIが0.8未満である、請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬。
- 有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと、mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグとを含む、医薬組成物。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物が、PENAOまたはその薬学的に許容される塩であり、前記mTOR阻害剤が、エベロリムス、テムシロリムス、デホロリムスおよびゾタロリムスからなる群より選択されるラパログである、請求項18に記載の医薬組成物。
- 脊椎動物の細胞増殖性疾患を治療する方法であって、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬または請求項18もしくは19に記載の医薬組成物を前記脊椎動物に治療有効量投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記増殖性疾患が固形腫瘍である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 脊椎動物での血管新生を阻害する方法であって、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬の化合物または請求項18もしくは19に記載の医薬組成物を前記脊椎動物に有効量投与することを含む、方法。
- 脊椎動物の増殖細胞に選択的にミトコンドリア膜透過性遷移(MPT)を誘導する方法であって、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬の化合物または請求項18もしくは19に記載の医薬組成物を前記脊椎動物に治療有効量投与することを含む、方法。
- 増殖哺乳動物細胞にアポトーシスを誘導する方法であって、アポトーシスを誘導する量の請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の相乗的組合せ医薬の化合物または請求項18もしくは19に記載の医薬組成物を前記哺乳動物に投与することを含む、方法。
- 脊椎動物の細胞増殖性疾患を治療する方法であって、有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグおよびmTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグを前記脊椎動物に治療有効量投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと前記mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグを同時に、別個に、または逐次的に投与する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグと前記mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグを同時に投与する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 最初に前記有機アルセノキシド化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグを投与し、次いで前記mTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグを投与する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 細胞増殖性疾患を治療する薬物の製造への有機アルセノキシド化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグおよびmTOR阻害剤またはその薬学的に許容される塩、水和物、溶媒和物もしくはプロドラッグの使用。
- 前記有機アルセノキシド化合物が、PENAOまたはその薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項20〜28のいずれか1項に記載の方法または請求項29に記載の使用。
- 前記mTOR阻害剤が、ラパログまたはその薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項20〜28もしくは30のいずれか1項に記載の方法または請求項29に記載の使用。
- 前記ラパログが、エベロリムス、テムシロリムス、デホロリムスおよびゾタロリムスからなる群より選択される、請求項31に記載の方法または使用。
- 前記ラパログがエベロリムスまたはテムシロリムスである、請求項32に記載の方法または使用。
- 前記増殖性疾患が固形腫瘍である、請求項25〜28もしくは30〜33のいずれか1項に記載の方法または請求項29に記載の使用。
- 前記固形腫瘍が、肺癌;乳癌;結腸直腸癌;肛門癌;膵臓癌;前立腺癌;卵巣癌;肝臓および胆管癌;食道癌;非ホジキンリンパ腫;膀胱癌;子宮癌;神経膠腫、びまん性内在性橋膠腫、膠芽腫、髄芽腫をはじめとする脳の腫瘍;腎臓癌;頭頸部癌;胃癌;精巣癌;胚細胞腫瘍;神経内分泌腫瘍;子宮頸癌;口腔癌、消化管、乳腺をはじめとする器官のカルチノイド;印環細胞癌;肉腫、線維肉腫、血管腫、血管腫症、血管周囲細胞腫、偽血管腫様間質過形成、筋線維芽細胞腫、線維腫症、炎症性筋線維芽細胞腫、脂肪腫、血管脂肪腫、顆粒細胞腫、神経線維腫、シュワン細胞腫、血管肉腫、脂肪肉腫、横紋筋肉腫、骨肉腫、平滑筋腫または平滑筋肉腫を含めた間葉腫瘍からなる群より選択される、請求項35に記載の方法または使用。
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