JP2018517271A - 太陽電池電極形成用組成物及び当該組成物から製造された電極 - Google Patents
太陽電池電極形成用組成物及び当該組成物から製造された電極 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018517271A JP2018517271A JP2017527633A JP2017527633A JP2018517271A JP 2018517271 A JP2018517271 A JP 2018517271A JP 2017527633 A JP2017527633 A JP 2017527633A JP 2017527633 A JP2017527633 A JP 2017527633A JP 2018517271 A JP2018517271 A JP 2018517271A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- solar cell
- cell electrode
- forming
- glass frit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/14—Compositions for glass with special properties for electro-conductive glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/16—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions with vehicle or suspending agents, e.g. slip
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
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Abstract
Description
Aは、直径が25mmである一対の円形プレートを、太陽電池電極形成用組成物を媒介して平行に合紙させた後、外力を加えて前記円形プレートを脱着させながら測定したせん断応力(shear stress)の最小値を意味し、
Bは、前記各プレート間の離隔距離に対するせん断応力の瞬間変化率(d(せん断応力)/d(隔離距離))が0.05である点でのせん断応力値を意味する。
本発明の太陽電池電極形成用組成物は、下記の式1で表される粘着性が約60%〜約90%、具体的には約65%〜約90%であってもよい。
Aは、直径が25mmである一対の円形プレートを、太陽電池電極形成用組成物を媒介して平行に合紙させた後、外力を加えることによって前記円形プレートを脱着させながら測定したせん断応力の最小値を意味し、
Bは、前記各プレート間の離隔距離に対するせん断応力の瞬間変化率(d(せん断応力)/d(隔離距離))が0.05である点でのせん断応力値を意味する。
本発明において、導電性粉末としては、導電性を有する有機物又は無機物がいずれも使用可能であり、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、パラジウム(Pd)、白金(Pt)、銅(Cu)、クロム(Cr)、コバルト(Co)、アルミニウム(Al)、スズ(Sn)、鉛(Pb)、亜鉛(Zn)、鉄(Fe)、イリジウム(Ir)、オスミウム(Os)、ロジウム(Rh)、タングステン(W)、モリブデン(Mo)、ニッケル又はITO(酸化インジウムスズ)が使用されることが好ましい。このような導電性粉末は、1種を使用してもよく、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。前記導電性粉末には銀(Ag)粒子が含まれることが好ましく、銀粒子の他に、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、亜鉛(Zn)又は銅(Cu)粒子がさらに添加されてもよい。
ガラスフリットは、電極ペーストの焼成工程中に反射防止膜をエッチングし、銀粒子の溶融によって抵抗が低下し得るようにエミッタ領域に銀結晶粒子を生成させ、導電性粉末とウェハーとの間の接着力を向上させ、焼結時に軟化することによって焼成温度をより低下させる効果を誘導する。
有機ビヒクルは、太陽電池電極形成用組成物の無機成分との機械的混合を通じて組成物に印刷に適した粘度及びレオロジー特性を付与する。
本発明の組成物は、表面張力調節剤をさらに含んでもよい。本発明において、前記表面張力調節剤は、20℃で表面張力が約40mN/m以上、例えば、約40mN/m〜約65mN/mである共溶媒(co−solvent)を意味する。本発明における表面張力は、温度20℃、測定規格ASTM D 1331によって測定された表面張力値を意味する。
本発明の太陽電池電極形成用組成物は、上述した構成要素の他に、流動特性、加工性及び安定性を向上させるために、必要に応じて通常の添加剤をさらに含んでもよい。前記添加剤は、分散剤、可塑剤、粘度安定化剤、消泡剤、顔料、紫外線安定剤、酸化防止剤、カップリング剤などを単独で使用してもよく、これらの2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。これらは、太陽電池電極形成用組成物の全体重量に対して約0.1重量%〜約5重量%で含まれてもよいが、必要に応じて含量を変更してもよい。
本発明の他の観点は、前記太陽電池電極形成用組成物から形成された電極及びこれを含む太陽電池に関する。図2は、本発明の一実施例に係る太陽電池の構造を示したものである。
有機バインダーとしてエチルセルロース(ダウケミカル社(Dow chemical company)、STD4及びSDT200)1.5重量%を溶媒であるブチルカルビトール(ダウケミカル社)6.2重量%に60℃で十分に溶解することによって有機ビヒクルを製造し、有機ビヒクルに平均粒径が2.0μmである球形の銀粉末(DOWAハイテック株式会社(Dowa Hightech CO.LTD)、AG−4−8)85重量%、平均粒径が1.0μmであるガラスフリット(株式会社パーティクロジ、CI−124)3重量%、表面張力調節剤としてテトラエチレングリコール(Tetraethyleneglycol)(シグマアルドリッチ社)0.3重量%とホルムアミド(Formamide)(シグマアルドリッチ社)0.6重量%、添加剤として分散剤(BYK102)(BYK−chemie社)0.2重量%、揺変剤(Thixatrol ST(エレメンティス社(Elementis co.))0.3重量%、及び可塑剤としてジメチルアジペート(シグマアルドリッチ社)2.9重量%を投入し、これらを均一にミキシングした後、3本ロール混練機で混合・分散させることによって太陽電池電極形成用組成物を製造した。
下記の表1の組成で各成分が含まれることを除いては、前記実施例1と同じ方法で太陽電池電極形成用組成物を製造した。
(1)粘着性の測定
温度25℃、湿度20%の条件で一対の円形プレート(直径25mm、厚さ2mmであるステンレススチール)を実施例1〜6及び比較例1で製造された太陽電池電極形成用組成物20gを媒介して合紙させ、外力を加えることによって脱着させながらせん断応力を測定した後、これを下記の式1に代入することによって粘着性を測定し、その結果を表1に示した。
前記実施例1〜6及び比較例1で準備された太陽電池電極形成用組成物を結晶系モノウェハーの前面に一定のパターンでスクリーンプリンティングにより印刷し、これを赤外線乾燥炉を用いて乾燥させた。前記過程で形成されたセルをベルト型焼成炉を用いて600℃〜900℃で60秒〜210秒間焼成することによってセルを作製した。作製されたセルについて、太陽電池効率測定装備(Pasan社、CT−801)を用いて太陽電池の短絡電流(Isc)及び変換効率(%)を測定し、その結果を表1に示した。
実施例1〜6及び比較例1の太陽電池電極形成用組成物を、約30μm〜約50μmの線幅で設計されたスクリーンマスクを用いてウェハーの前面に一定のパターンでスクリーンプリンティングにより印刷した。印刷したウェハーを乾燥・焼成した後、製造された電極(finger bar)の線幅及び厚さをVK装備(キーエンス社(KEYENCE社)のVK9710)を用いて測定し、その結果を下記の表1に示した。
Claims (11)
- 導電性粉末、ガラスフリットおよび有機ビヒクルを含み、下記の[式1]で定義される粘着性が約60%〜約90%である太陽電池電極形成用組成物:
Aは、直径が25mmである一対の円形プレートを、太陽電池電極形成用組成物を媒介して平行に合紙させた後、外力を加えることによって前記円形プレートを脱着させながら測定したせん断応力の最小値を意味し、
Bは、前記各プレート間の離隔距離に対するせん断応力の瞬間変化率(d(せん断応力)/d(隔離距離))が0.05である点でのせん断応力値を意味する。 - 前記導電性粉末約50重量%〜約90重量%;
前記ガラスフリット約1重量%〜約15重量%;および
前記有機ビヒクル約5重量%〜約40重量%;
を含む、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。 - 表面張力が約40mN/m〜約65mN/mである表面張力調節剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記表面張力調節剤は、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,5−ペンタンジオール、プロピレンカーボネート、ホルムアミド、グリセロール、およびフルフラールからなる群より選択される1種以上の化合物を含む、請求項3に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記表面張力調節剤は、電極形成用組成物中に約0.1重量%〜約40重量%で含まれる、請求項3に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記導電性粉末は、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、パラジウム(Pd)、白金(Pt)、銅(Cu)、クロム(Cr)、コバルト(Co)、アルミニウム(Al)、スズ(Sn)、鉛(Pb)、亜鉛(Zn)、鉄(Fe)、イリジウム(Ir)、オスミウム(Os)、ロジウム(Rh)、タングステン(W)、モリブデン(Mo)、ニッケルおよびITO(酸化インジウムスズ)からなる群より選択される1種以上を含む、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記ガラスフリットは、有鉛ガラスフリット、無鉛ガラスフリット又はこれらの混合物を含む、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記ガラスフリットは、平均粒径(D50)が約0.1μm〜約5μmである、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記組成物は、分散剤、可塑剤、粘度安定化剤、消泡剤、顔料、紫外線安定剤、酸化防止剤およびカップリング剤からなる群より選択される1種以上をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 前記[式1]で表される粘着性が約65%〜約90%である、請求項1に記載の太陽電池電極形成用組成物。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項の太陽電池電極形成用組成物で製造された太陽電池電極。
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WO2016171359A1 (ko) | 2016-10-27 |
CN106304850B (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
TWI595511B (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
TW201638973A (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
JP6755247B2 (ja) | 2020-09-16 |
US20170141247A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
CN106304850A (zh) | 2017-01-04 |
US10115845B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 |
KR20160126169A (ko) | 2016-11-02 |
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