JP2018506587A - 眼疾患治療用組成物 - Google Patents
眼疾患治療用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
そのうち、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6はそれぞれ独立して‐H、‐OH、直鎖アルキル基または分岐アルキル基、或いは‐OHで置換もしくは無置換のイソプレン基を表す。
式(I)の化合物は、図13で説明されるスキームIに従って合成された。式(II)の化合物は、図14で説明されるスキームIIに従って合成された。スキームIIを使用して、図14に示す式(B)の化合物を合成することができ、そのうち、R1、R2、R3、R4は、水素基(H)とゲラニル基で構成される群より独立して選択される。
チアゾリルブルーテトラゾリウムブロミド(MTT、純度97.5%以上)、ダルベッコリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(DPBS)、過酸化水素(H2O2、50重量%水溶液)、tert−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド(t−BHP、70重量%水溶液)、ヨウ素酸ナトリウム(NaIO3、純度99.5%以上)、アジ化ナトリウム(NaN3、純度99.5%以上)、ダルベッコ変法イーグル培地/ハムF12(DMEM/F12、1:1)がSigma―Aldrich Chemical社(米国ミズーリ州セントルイス)よりすべて購入された。ヒト網膜色素上皮(ARPE−19)細胞、ヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞(HUVEC)、ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、血管細胞系基礎培地、内皮細胞増殖キットがATCC(米国バージニア州マナサス)より購入された。
ARPE−19細胞が10%FBS、100単位/mlのペニシリンG、100μg/mlのストレプトマイシン硫酸塩を添加したDMEM/F12培地で増殖された。HUVECが内皮細胞増殖キットを添加した血管細胞系基礎培地で増殖された。細胞は加湿インキュベーター内で37℃、5%CO2と95%空気下において培養された。
MTTアッセイを使用してARPE−19細胞とHUVECの生存率が測定された。2×105のARPE−19細胞または5×104のHUVECが96ウェルプレート(100μl/ウェル)に播種され、オーバーナイトで培養された。細胞なしの100μlの培地を添加して陰性対照が作製された。細胞はその後式(II)の化合物(「(II)」)(0.03、0.1、0.3、1、3、10μg/ml) および(または)酸化剤(NaIO3、H2O2、t−BHP、NaN3)を加えた新鮮な培地で12、24、または72時間処理された(200μl/ウェル)。ビークル対照群はビークルで処理された。20μlのMTT(5mg/ml)がウェルに添加され、さらに4時間培養された。培養後、培地が廃棄され、100μlのDMSOを添加して生存細胞によってMTTから産生されたホルマザンを溶解させた。吸光度がマイクロプレートリーダー(Bio―Rad Laboratories、Inc.、カリフォルニア州)を使用して570nmで測定された。次の式に従って細胞生存率が計算された:細胞生存率(%)=(試験試料の吸光度−陰性対照の吸光度)/(ビークル対照の吸光度−陰性対照の吸光度)×100%。
細胞はオーバーナイトで付着され、その後(II)またはビークルに低酸素条件で72時間暴露された。N2およびCO2ガス源でO2 およびCO2コントローラ(Prooxモデル110およびPro CO2モデル120、Bio Spherix Ltd.、米国ニューヨーク州レッドフィールド)により温度と湿度が管理された環境C−チャンバーを使用して、低酸素条件(1%O2、5%CO2、94%N2)が維持された。
すべてのデータは平均±S.E.Mで示された。スチューデントT検定を使用して統計分析が実施された。P<0.05の値が統計的有意であると見なされた。
結果によると、(II)は0.03μg/ml〜3μg/mlでARPE−19細胞またはHUVECの増殖に影響しないことが示された。しかし、(II)は10μg/mlの濃度でARPE−19細胞とHUVECの増殖をそれぞれ34%と92%有意に阻害した(図1Aと図1B)。ただし、前者は後者よりも軽度である。
(II)は0.03μg/ml〜3μg/mlで低酸素条件のARPE−19細胞の生存率に影響しなかった(図2A)。10μg/mlの濃度で、(II)はARPE−19細胞おける低酸素症により誘発された損傷を24%回復させた。(II)は低酸素条件でHUVECの生存率を0.03、0.1、0.3μg/mlの濃度でそれぞれ22%、19%、26%有意に増加させた(図2B)が、10μg/mlの濃度で、(II)はHUVECの生存率を97%有意に減少させた(P<0.01)。
0.03、1、3、10μg/mlの濃度で、(II)はARPE−19細胞における30μg/mlのNaIO3誘発障害の生存率を有意に回復させた(P<0.05、図3A)。また、(II)はARPE−19細胞における100および300μg/mlのNaIO3誘発障害を10および3μg/mlの濃度でそれぞれ24%と7%回復させた(P<0.05、図3A)。しかし、3および10 μg/mlの濃度で、(II)はHUVECにおけるNaIO3誘発障害を増加させた(図3B)。
10μg/mlの濃度で、(II)はARPE−19細胞における200μMおよび400μMのH2O2誘発障害をそれぞれ55%と72%回復させた(P<0.01、図4A)。一方、0.3および1μg/mlの(II)もHUVECにおけるH2O2誘発障害を回復させた。しかし、10μg/mlの(II)は、HUVECにおける200および400μMのH2O2誘発障害をそれぞれ63%と42%増加させた(P<0.01、図4A)。
(II)はARPE−19細胞におけるt−BHP誘発障害を有意に回復させた(図6A)。しかし、10μg/mlの(II)は、HUVECにおける50、100、200μMのt−BHP誘発障害をそれぞれ71%、80%、76%増加させた(P<0.01、図6B)。3μg/mlの(II)も、HUVECにおいて50および100μMのt−BHP誘発障害を27%と21%増加させた(図6B)。
0.5%アルカインは市販品が購入された。20%滅菌高張性生理食塩溶液が試験室で調製された。着色ミクロスフェアがE−Z Trac(米国カリフォルニア州ロサンゼルス)より購入された。着色ミクロスフェアは、ミクロスフェアが相互に貼り付かないように、0.01%(v/v)のTween80を含有する生理食塩水で希釈された。0.4ml中200万ミクロスフェアが各時間点で注射された。
ウサギは筋肉内注射により35mg/kgのケタミンと5mg/kgのキシラジンで麻酔された。その後は初回量の半量が1時間毎に投与された。着色ミクロスフェア注入用に右頸動脈を通じて左心室にカニューレが挿入され、血液試料採取用に大腿動脈にカニューレが挿入された。左眼がプロパラカイン塩酸塩点眼液(Bausch & Lomb、Inc.、米国フロリダ州タンパ)1滴で処理された。針は左眼の前眼房に直接挿入され、40mmHg生理食塩水マノメーターに接続された。高眼圧モデルでは眼血流が正常値の約3分の1に減少した。10g/lのフラボンまたはビークル(30%HP−β−CD溶液)50μlが、高眼圧モデル確立の30分後に左眼に局所注入された。眼血流が組成物またはビークルでの処理の0、30、60、120分後に着色ミクロスフェアによって測定された。各時間点で、200万ミクロスフェアが基準として注入され、ミクロスフェア注入のちょうど1分後に血液試料が大腿動脈から取得された。血液試料がヘパリン処理チューブに採取され、容量が記録された。ウサギは最後の採血後、100mg/kgのペントバルビタールナトリウム注射で安楽死された。左眼が摘出され、虹彩、毛様体、網膜、脈絡膜、網膜に切断された。すべての組織が秤量された。
虹彩と網膜における血流は、式(I)の1%化合物(「(I)」)と1%の(II)で薬物注入の30分後に有意に増加した(それぞれ図7Aから図7Cおよび図8Aから図8Cを参照)。
網膜虚血実験についてはすでに説明がなされている(Chiou et al.、J.Ocular Pharmacol.9:179〜185、1993、およびChiou et al.、 J.Ocular Pharmacol.10:493〜498、1994)。虚血発作前および後の網膜機能を評価するために網膜電図(ERG)が実施された。ERGは、角膜に接触させて配置されたAg/AgCl電極により記録された。1本のステンレス針が基準電極として2つの眼の間の皮下に挿入され、もう1本の針が接地電極として頸部に皮下挿入された。光刺激装置(photostimulator;Grass PS22 Flash)を用いて眼から5インチで光のフラッシュを発生させ、ERG電位をポリグラフで記録した。ERGシステムはLKC Technologies、Inc.(米国メリーランド州ゲイサーズバーグ)より購入された。1回(10ミリ秒)の白色光刺激を用いて、ERG a波およびb波を誘発した。b波の最大振幅をa波の谷とb波のピークから測定した。
すべてのデータは平均±SEMで示された。スチューデントT検定を使用して結果の有意性が分析された。すべての実験でP値<0.05が有意であるとみなされた。
中心網膜と後毛様体動脈が結紮されると、これら動脈の血流が停止し、ERGのb波は速やかにゼロになった。結紮が取り除かれると、それまで通りに血流が再開されたが、b波の振幅は元のレベルの20%しか回復されなかった。しかし、1%の(I)が注入されると、b波の振幅は元のレベルの約50%に戻り(図9)、薬剤の作用は薬剤投与後少なくとも240分持続した。
ラットの眼のブルッフ膜をレーザービームで破壊したとき、蛍光眼底血管造影でフルオレセイン漏出が測定された。CNV形成面積がコンピュータで定量的に測定され、mm2で表された。図11から分かるように、対照の眼では約2.5mm2のCNV面積が形成され、これは1%の(II)の注入により有意に抑制された。
Claims (9)
- 必要とする被験者において眼疾患を治療する方法であって、式(A)の化合物の有効量を前記被験者に投与する工程を含み、
- 前記有効量が、酸化的ストレスおよび(または)低酸素症に誘発される損傷を受けたRPE細胞の生存率向上に有効な量;酸化的ストレスおよび(または)低酸素症に誘発される損傷を受けたRPE細胞の生存率向上に有効な量であり、かつ同時にヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞(HUVEC)の生存率にほぼまたはまったく影響力を持たない、またはHUVECの生存率低下に有効な量;眼血流の向上に有効な量;絡膜血管新生(CNV)の減少に有効な量;RPE機能の向上に有効な量;および上述の効果の組み合わせの達成に有効な量から構成される群より選択される量であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 式(A)の前記化合物が、次の式(I)〜(X)の任意の構造を持つ化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 前記眼疾患が、緑内障、加齢黄斑変性(AMD)、虚血性網膜症、視神経症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性黄斑浮腫、ブドウ膜炎、老年性白内障で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 前記眼疾患がAMDであることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 前記AMDがドライ型AMDであることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 式(A)の前記化合物が、被験者の目に局所的に投与される、または被験者に経口投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 式(A)の前記化合物が、眼軟膏剤、眼ゲル剤、眼クリーム剤、または点眼剤に製剤化されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
- 前記眼疾患が眼の癌ではないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の眼疾患を治療する方法。
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KR102082351B1 (ko) | 2020-02-27 |
TW201705953A (zh) | 2017-02-16 |
CA2977697C (en) | 2020-03-10 |
EP3261635A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
AU2016223994B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
TWI719962B (zh) | 2021-03-01 |
JP6700315B2 (ja) | 2020-05-27 |
WO2016134660A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
TWI766565B (zh) | 2022-06-01 |
AU2016223994A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
US9370503B1 (en) | 2016-06-21 |
EP3261635B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
CA2977697A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
TW202133841A (zh) | 2021-09-16 |
EP3261635A4 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
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