JP2018199785A - Apparatus and method for producing recycled fuel - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for producing recycled fuel Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018199785A JP2018199785A JP2017105345A JP2017105345A JP2018199785A JP 2018199785 A JP2018199785 A JP 2018199785A JP 2017105345 A JP2017105345 A JP 2017105345A JP 2017105345 A JP2017105345 A JP 2017105345A JP 2018199785 A JP2018199785 A JP 2018199785A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/403—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on paper and paper waste
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/406—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on plastic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
Description
本発明は、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物からリサイクル燃料を製造するリサイクル燃料製造装置及びリサイクル燃料製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus and a recycled fuel manufacturing method for manufacturing recycled fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue and the like.
従来、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物（一般事業系廃棄物）は焼却処分されることが主流であった。
そして、その焼却による熱を利用して、例えば隣接する温水プールの水を温めたり、そのゴミ処理場においてボイラー等の熱源として利用されていた。
Conventionally, organic mixed waste (general business waste) including waste plastic, paper, food residues, etc. has been mainly incinerated.
The heat generated by the incineration is used, for example, to heat the water in an adjacent hot water pool, or used as a heat source for a boiler or the like at the garbage disposal site.
しかし、ゴミ処理場及びその近辺において有効に再利用できる熱量は限られており、無駄になってしまう熱も少なくなかった。 However, the amount of heat that can be effectively reused in the garbage disposal site and the vicinity thereof is limited, and a lot of heat is wasted.
そこで、そのような有機系混合廃棄物をゴミ処理場において焼却処分するのではなく、リサイクル燃料として再生する方法が開示されている（例えば、特許文献１，２参照） Therefore, a method of regenerating such organic mixed waste as a recycled fuel instead of incineration at a garbage disposal site is disclosed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
このような方法によると、有機系混合廃棄物をリサイクル燃料としてペレット化することで、そのリサイクル燃料を運搬して必要なときに必要な場所で燃焼させることができるので、無駄になる熱がほとんど無くなった。 According to such a method, by pelletizing organic mixed waste as a recycled fuel, the recycled fuel can be transported and burned at the required place when needed, so there is little wasted heat. Lost.
さらに、この方法によってゴミは貴重な資源に変化したということであり、従来は費用を掛けて焼却処分していた有機系混合廃棄物を、リサイクル燃料として売却することすら可能になった。 Furthermore, this method means that garbage has been turned into a valuable resource, and it has become possible to sell organic mixed waste, which has been incinerated at high costs, as recycled fuel.
ここで、元々焼却処分されていた有機系混合廃棄物をリサイクル燃料として再生できていること自体、非常に有益なことであり、環境面にとっても大きなメリットがあるが、本出願人はさらなる創意工夫を行い、より安価にリサイクル燃料を製造することに成功した。 Here, the fact that organic mixed waste that was originally incinerated can be recycled as recycled fuel itself is very beneficial and has great environmental benefits, but the applicant has further ingenuity. And succeeded in producing recycled fuel at a lower cost.
そこで、本発明の目的とするところは、リサイクル燃料の製造コストが低廉なリサイクル燃料製造装置及びリサイクル燃料製造方法を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus and a recycled fuel manufacturing method that are low in manufacturing cost of recycled fuel.
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置（１）は、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物からリサイクル燃料を製造する装置であって、前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別部（２０）と、前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕部（５０）と、前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化部（６０）と、を備え、前記第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させる機構を有さないことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a recycle fuel production apparatus (1) according to claim 1 of the present invention is an apparatus for producing recycle fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue and the like. The organic mixed waste is separated into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste, and a second waste that is separated. And a second pelletizing section (60) for pelletizing the crushed second waste, and does not have a mechanism for actively drying the second waste. It is characterized by that.
また、請求項２に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置（１）は、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物からリサイクル燃料を製造する装置であって、前記有機系混合廃棄物が入れられた袋を破る破袋部（１０）と、前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別部（２０）と、前記分別した第一廃棄物を乾燥させる乾燥部（３０）と、前記乾燥した第一廃棄物をペレット化させる第一ペレット化部（４０）と、前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕部（５０）と、前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化部（６０）と、を備え、前記第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させる機構を有さないことを特徴とする。 The recycle fuel manufacturing apparatus (1) according to claim 2 is an apparatus for manufacturing recycle fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue, etc., wherein the organic mixed waste is A bag breaking portion (10) that breaks a bag that is put in, and a separation portion that separates the organic mixed waste into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste ( 20), a drying section (30) for drying the sorted first waste, a first pelletizing section (40) for pelletizing the dried first waste, and the sorted second waste. A crushing unit (50) for crushing and a second pelletizing unit (60) for pelletizing the crushed second waste, and having no mechanism for actively drying the second waste It is characterized by.
また、請求項３に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置（１）は、前記第二ペレット化部（６０）は、孔（６２）が段階式に縮径し前記孔（６２）に前記第二廃棄物が圧入されるダイス（６１）を備えることを特徴とする。 Further, in the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus (1) according to claim 3, the second pelletizing section (60) has a hole (62) whose diameter is reduced in a stepwise manner, and the second waste material is inserted into the hole (62). It is characterized by comprising a die (61) into which is pressed.
また、請求項４に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置（１）は、前記ダイス（６１）の孔（６２）の径が三段階になるように縮径したことを特徴とする。 Moreover, the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus (1) according to claim 4 is characterized in that the diameter of the hole (62) of the die (61) is reduced in three stages.
また、請求項５に記載のリサイクル燃料製造方法は、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物からリサイクル燃料を製造する方法であって、前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別工程（２００）と、前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕工程（５００）と、前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化工程（６００）と、を備え、前記第二廃棄物を、一連の工程で積極的には乾燥させることなくペレット化することを特徴とする。 The method for producing a recycled fuel according to claim 5 is a method for producing a recycled fuel from an organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue, etc., wherein the organic mixed waste is used as the food residue. The first waste and the second waste mixed with the other waste, the separation step (200), the crushing step (500) for crushing the separated second waste, and the crushing And a second pelletizing step (600) for pelletizing the second waste, wherein the second waste is pelletized without being actively dried in a series of steps.
また、請求項６に記載のリサイクル燃料製造方法は、廃プラスチック、紙、食品残渣等を含む有機系混合廃棄物からリサイクル燃料を製造する方法であって、前記有機系混合廃棄物が入れられた袋を破る破袋工程（１００）と、前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別工程（２００）と、前記分別した第一廃棄物を乾燥させる乾燥工程（３００）と、前記乾燥した第一廃棄物をペレット化させる第一ペレット化工程（４００）と、前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕工程（５００）と、前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化工程（６００）と、を備え、前記第二廃棄物を、一連の工程で積極的には乾燥させることなくペレット化することを特徴とする。 The method for producing a recycled fuel according to claim 6 is a method for producing a recycled fuel from an organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue, etc., and the organic mixed waste is put in the method. A bag-breaking step (100) for breaking the bag, and a separation step (200) for separating the organic mixed waste into the first waste as the food residue and the second waste mixed with the other waste. , A drying step (300) for drying the sorted first waste, a first pelletizing step (400) for pelletizing the dried first waste, and crushing for crushing the sorted second waste A step (500) and a second pelletizing step (600) for pelletizing the crushed second waste, and the second waste is pelletized without being actively dried in a series of steps. Specializing in To.
また、請求項７に記載のリサイクル燃料製造方法は、前記第二ペレット化工程（６００）において、前記第二廃棄物を段階式に縮径させることを特徴とする。 The method for producing a recycled fuel according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the second pelletizing step (600), the diameter of the second waste is reduced stepwise.
ここで、上記括弧内の記号は、図面および後述する発明を実施するための形態に掲載された対応要素または対応事項を示す。 Here, the symbols in the parentheses indicate corresponding elements or corresponding matters described in the drawings and the embodiments for carrying out the invention described later.
本発明の請求項１及び２に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置、及び請求項５及び６に記載のリサイクル燃料製造方法によれば、第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させる機構を有さないので、乾燥に用いる燃料が少なくて済む。
つまり、従来のように分別前の有機系混合廃棄物を乾燥させる場合では第一廃棄物及び第二廃棄物を乾燥させることになるが、本発明においては第一廃棄物のみを乾燥させるので、乾燥に必要な燃料が少なくて済む。よって、第二廃棄物から製造されるリサイクル燃料の製造コストが低廉になる。
According to the recycled fuel production apparatus according to claims 1 and 2 of the present invention and the recycled fuel production method according to claims 5 and 6, since there is no mechanism for actively drying the second waste, Less fuel is needed for drying.
In other words, in the case of drying the organic mixed waste before separation as in the past, the first waste and the second waste will be dried, but in the present invention, only the first waste is dried, Less fuel is needed for drying. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the recycled fuel manufactured from the second waste is reduced.
また、請求項３に記載のリサイクル燃料製造装置、及び請求項７に記載のリサイクル燃料製造方法によれば、請求項１に記載の発明の作用効果に加え、第二ペレット化部は、孔が段階式に縮径し孔に第二廃棄物が圧入されるダイスを備えるので、第二廃棄物をリサイクル燃料として取扱いし易い。
つまり、ペレット化、すなわち固体化できないと取扱い難くゴミを燃料として再生できたとは言えないが、請求項３の装置では第二廃棄物を乾燥させなくても取扱いし易いペレットとすることができ、燃料としての価値がある。
Moreover, according to the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus of Claim 3, and the recycled fuel manufacturing method of Claim 7, in addition to the effect of the invention of Claim 1, the second pelletizing part has holes. Since the die is reduced in a stepwise manner and the second waste is pressed into the hole, the second waste can be easily handled as a recycled fuel.
In other words, although it cannot be said that pelletization, that is, solid waste, is difficult to handle and the waste can be regenerated as fuel, the apparatus of claim 3 can make pellets easy to handle without drying the second waste, It has value as a fuel.
特に、請求項４に記載の発明のように、ダイスの孔の径が三段階になるように縮径すると、第二廃棄物を乾燥させなくても確実に第二廃棄物をペレット化可能である。
つまり、第二廃棄物を乾燥させるための費用が掛からず製造コストが低廉で、しかも確実に第二廃棄物をペレット化でき、取扱いが容易である。
In particular, as in the invention described in claim 4, when the diameter of the die hole is reduced so as to have three stages, the second waste can be surely pelletized without drying the second waste. is there.
That is, there is no cost for drying the second waste, the manufacturing cost is low, the second waste can be reliably pelletized, and handling is easy.
なお、本発明のリサイクル燃料製造装置及びリサイクル燃料製造方法のように、第二廃棄物を積極的には乾燥させない点は、上述した特許文献１及び２には全く記載されていない。 In addition, the point which does not dry a 2nd waste actively like the recycle fuel manufacturing apparatus and the recycle fuel manufacturing method of this invention is not described at all in patent document 1 and 2 mentioned above.
図１乃至図４を参照して、本発明の実施形態に係るリサイクル燃料製造装置１及びリサイクル燃料製造方法を説明する。
従来は、食品残渣以外の有機系混合廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物を乾燥させないと第二廃棄物をペレット化できなかったが、本出願人は創意工夫により第二廃棄物を乾燥させなくても第二廃棄物をペレット化することに成功した。
With reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 and the recycled fuel manufacturing method which concern on embodiment of this invention are demonstrated.
Conventionally, the second waste mixed with organic mixed waste other than food residue could not be pelletized unless it was dried, but the applicant did not dry the second waste by ingenuity. But we succeeded in pelletizing the second waste.
このリサイクル燃料製造装置１は、破袋部１０と、分別部２０と、乾燥部３０と、第一ペレット化部４０と、破砕部５０と、第二ペレット化部６０と、を備える。
破袋部１０、分別部２０、乾燥部３０、第一ペレット化部４０、及び破砕部５０は、従来と同様のものを使用している。
The recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a bag breaking portion 10, a sorting portion 20, a drying portion 30, a first pelletizing portion 40, a crushing portion 50, and a second pelletizing portion 60.
The bag breaker 10, the sorting unit 20, the drying unit 30, the first pelletizing unit 40, and the crushing unit 50 are the same as the conventional ones.
また、このリサイクル燃料製造装置１に投入されるものは有機系混合廃棄物であって、一般事業系廃棄物と呼ばれる。具体的にはこの有機系混合廃棄物は、廃プラスチック、紙、少量の木、ウエス、食品残渣等を含む。 Moreover, what is thrown into this recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 is organic mixed waste, and is called general business waste. Specifically, the organic mixed waste includes waste plastic, paper, a small amount of wood, waste, food residue, and the like.
破袋部１０は、回転刃を備え、内容物を粗粉砕する。ここでの目的は廃プラスチック等を細かく壊すことではなく、食品残渣を次の分別部２０で分別可能にすることである。 The bag breaking portion 10 includes a rotary blade and coarsely pulverizes the contents. The purpose here is not to break down waste plastics and the like, but to allow food residues to be separated by the next separation unit 20.
分別部２０では、風力分別や篩分けを行う。食品残渣は、篩の目を介して落下させる。
分別後の食品残渣をここでは第一廃棄物と呼び、食品残渣以外の廃棄物が混合したものを第二廃棄物と呼ぶ。
The sorting unit 20 performs wind force sorting and sieving. Food residues are dropped through the sieve eyes.
Here, the food residue after separation is referred to as a first waste, and a mixture of waste other than the food residue is referred to as a second waste.
乾燥部３０は、第一廃棄物を格納する本体部と、空気を加熱するボイラーと、ボイラーで加熱された空気を本体部に送る送風機と、を備える。
この乾燥部３０は第一廃棄物を乾燥させるためだけのものである。
The drying unit 30 includes a main body that stores the first waste, a boiler that heats the air, and a blower that sends the air heated by the boiler to the main body.
The drying unit 30 is only for drying the first waste.
第一ペレット化部４０は、ダイスと、第一廃棄物をダイスに対して押し付ける圧力部を備える。また、第一廃棄物を撹拌のためのモーターと、第一廃棄物を上流から下流に送るためのモーターをそれぞれ別に設けた。
また、ダイスの下流直後にはカッターが設置されている。
The first pelletizing unit 40 includes a die and a pressure unit that presses the first waste against the die. In addition, a motor for stirring the first waste and a motor for sending the first waste from upstream to downstream are provided separately.
A cutter is installed immediately after the die.
破砕部５０は、回転刃を備え、分別した第二廃棄物を破袋部１０における破袋よりも細かく破砕する。 The crushing unit 50 includes a rotary blade and crushes the sorted second waste more finely than the broken bag in the broken bag unit 10.
第二ペレット化部６０は、図２に示すダイス６１と、圧力部を備え、第二廃棄物に対して圧力を掛けてダイス６１の孔６２を通すことで第二廃棄物をペレット化させるものである。
ここで、図３に示すように、ダイス６１の孔６２の直径を上流から下流へ順に２０ｍｍ、１８ｍｍ、１６ｍｍと、段階的に縮径している。
この上流とは破砕部５０側ということであり、図２においてはダイス６１を立てて記載しているが、ダイス６１を水平に設置しても当然問題は無い。ダイス６１を水平設置した場合の上流とは上方のことである。
また、ダイス６１の下流直後にはカッターが設置されている。
The second pelletizing unit 60 includes the die 61 shown in FIG. 2 and a pressure unit, and applies pressure to the second waste and pelletizes the second waste by passing through the holes 62 of the die 61. It is.
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of the hole 62 of the die 61 is gradually reduced from upstream to downstream to 20 mm, 18 mm, and 16 mm.
This upstream means the crushing part 50 side, and in FIG. 2, the dice 61 is described upright. However, there is no problem even if the dice 61 is installed horizontally. In the case where the dice 61 is horizontally installed, the upstream means the upper side.
Further, a cutter is installed immediately after the die 61.
次に、以上のように構成されたリサイクル燃料製造装置１を使用した、リサイクル燃料製造方法について図４を参照して説明する。
このリサイクル燃料製造方法は、途中からラインが二つに分かれて、二種類のリサイクル燃料が製造される。
本実施形態に係るリサイクル燃料製造方法は、破袋工程１００、分別工程２００、乾燥工程３００、第一ペレット化工程４００、破砕工程５００、第二ペレット化工程６００と、を備える。
Next, a recycled fuel manufacturing method using the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
In this recycle fuel manufacturing method, the line is divided into two in the middle, and two types of recycle fuel are manufactured.
The recycled fuel manufacturing method according to the present embodiment includes a bag breaking process 100, a sorting process 200, a drying process 300, a first pelletizing process 400, a crushing process 500, and a second pelletizing process 600.
まず、破袋工程１００において、投入された有機系混合廃棄物が入れられたゴミ袋を破る。
例えば弁当容器内に残存している食品残渣が次の分別工程２００において落下して分別可能な程度に破袋（粗破砕）する。
First, in the bag breaking process 100, the garbage bag containing the input organic mixed waste is broken.
For example, the food residue remaining in the lunch box drops in the next separation step 200 and is broken (roughly crushed) to such an extent that it can be separated.
次に分別工程２００において、有機系混合廃棄物を食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する。
例えば、分別後にも弁当容器に食品残渣が多少残ることもあるが、この程度のことはここでは分別できたと呼ぶ。
ここで、分別後の第二廃棄物の含水率は通常２０〜４０％程度である。
Next, in the separation step 200, the organic mixed waste is separated into a first waste that is a food residue and a second waste in which other waste is mixed.
For example, some food residue may remain in the lunch box even after sorting, but this level is said to have been sorted.
Here, the water content of the second waste after the separation is usually about 20 to 40%.
次に乾燥工程３００において、前工程で分別した第一廃棄物（食品残渣）を温風により乾燥させる。
次工程である第一ペレット化工程４００において確実にペレット化するだけの含水率になるまで乾燥させるが、乾燥させ過ぎても固まらなくなる。
Next, in the drying step 300, the first waste (food residue) separated in the previous step is dried with warm air.
In the first pelletizing step 400, which is the next step, drying is performed until the moisture content is sufficient to ensure pelletization, but it does not harden even if dried too much.
次に第一ペレット化工程４００において、前工程で乾燥した第一廃棄物に圧力を掛けるとともにダイス６１を介し、カッターで所定の長さにすることで、ペレットにする。
出来上がったものをここでは第一ペレットと呼ぶ。
Next, in the first pelletizing step 400, pressure is applied to the first waste dried in the previous step, and the pellets are made into a predetermined length with a cutter through the die 61.
The finished product is called the first pellet here.
そして、分別工程２００後に、乾燥工程３００とは別ラインとして破砕工程５００があり、その破砕工程５００では前工程で分別した第二廃棄物を回転刃によって数ｍｍ程度に破砕する。 Then, after the separation process 200, there is a crushing process 500 as a separate line from the drying process 300. In the crushing process 500, the second waste separated in the previous process is crushed to about several mm by a rotary blade.
次に第二ペレット化工程６００において、前工程で破砕した第二廃棄物に対して圧力を掛けながら段階的に縮径させて、圧縮成形された第二廃棄物をカッターによって所定の長さに切断する。この切断によって、固体燃料である第二ペレットになる。 Next, in the second pelletizing step 600, the second waste crushed in the previous step is gradually reduced in diameter while pressure is applied, and the compressed second waste is reduced to a predetermined length by a cutter. Disconnect. By this cutting, it becomes the second pellet which is a solid fuel.
ここでは第二廃棄物を、一連の工程で積極的には乾燥させることなくペレット化している。
つまり、第一ペレットの製造工程においては乾燥を行うが、第二ペレットの製造工程においては乾燥を行わない。
Here, the second waste is pelletized without being actively dried in a series of steps.
That is, drying is performed in the manufacturing process of the first pellet, but is not performed in the manufacturing process of the second pellet.
また、第二ペレット化工程６００では第二廃棄物を積極的には加熱することはない。前工程での剪断熱や、ダイス６１の孔６２と第二廃棄物とが摩擦されることで第二廃棄物が昇温するが、これは上記加熱には含まないものとする。
さらに、第二ペレット化工程６００ではバインダーも投入しない。
In the second pelletizing process 600, the second waste is not actively heated. Although the temperature of the second waste rises due to the shear heat in the previous step and the friction between the hole 62 of the die 61 and the second waste, this is not included in the heating.
Further, no binder is added in the second pelletizing step 600.
以上のように構成されたリサイクル燃料製造装置１及びリサイクル燃料製造方法によれば、第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させるための機構を有さないので、乾燥に用いる燃料が少なくて済む。
つまり、従来のように分別前の有機系混合廃棄物を乾燥させる場合では第一廃棄物及び第二廃棄物の両方を乾燥させることになるが、本実施形態においては第一廃棄物のみを乾燥させるので、乾燥に必要な燃料が少なくて済む。よって、第二廃棄物から製造されるリサイクル燃料の製造コストが低廉になる。
According to the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 and the recycled fuel manufacturing method configured as described above, since there is no mechanism for actively drying the second waste, less fuel is used for drying.
That is, when the organic mixed waste before separation is dried as in the prior art, both the first waste and the second waste are dried, but in the present embodiment, only the first waste is dried. Therefore, less fuel is required for drying. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the recycled fuel manufactured from the second waste is reduced.
また、第二ペレット化部６０は、孔６２が段階式に縮径し孔６２に第二廃棄物が圧入されるダイス６１を備えるので、第二廃棄物をリサイクル燃料として取扱いし易い。
つまり、ペレット化、すなわち固体化できないと取扱い難くゴミを燃料として再生できたとは言えないが、本実施形態に係る製造装置では第二廃棄物を乾燥させなくても取扱いし易いペレットとすることができ、燃料としての価値がある。
Further, the second pelletizing unit 60 includes the die 61 in which the hole 62 is reduced in a stepwise manner and the second waste is press-fitted into the hole 62, so that the second waste can be easily handled as recycled fuel.
In other words, it cannot be said that pelletization, i.e. solidification, makes it difficult to handle and recycle garbage as fuel, but in the manufacturing apparatus according to this embodiment, the second waste may be easily handled without drying. Yes, it is valuable as a fuel.
特に、ダイス６１の孔６２の径が三段階になるように縮径すると、第二廃棄物を乾燥させなくても確実に第二廃棄物をペレット化可能である。
つまり、第二廃棄物を乾燥させるための費用が掛からず製造コストが低廉で、しかも確実に第二廃棄物をペレット化でき、取扱いが容易である。
In particular, when the diameter of the hole 62 of the die 61 is reduced so as to have three stages, the second waste can be surely pelletized without drying the second waste.
That is, there is no cost for drying the second waste, the manufacturing cost is low, the second waste can be reliably pelletized, and handling is easy.
なお、本実施形態において、第二ペレット化部６０のダイス６１の孔６２の径が三段階になるように縮径したが、これに限られるものではなく、例えば二段階でも四段階以上であってもよい。
また、ダイス６１の孔６２の直径は本実施形態に係る具体例に限られない。
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the hole 62 of the die 61 of the second pelletizing unit 60 is reduced to three stages. However, the diameter is not limited to this, and for example, two stages or four stages or more. May be.
Further, the diameter of the hole 62 of the die 61 is not limited to the specific example according to the present embodiment.
また、分別部２０等の各部位は一つの大きな機械の中に一連に構成されていてもよいし、各部位が独立したそれぞれの機械であってもよい。仮に各部位が独立していてもここではそれら全体を指してリサイクル燃料製造装置１と呼ぶ。 Moreover, each part, such as the classification | category part 20, may be comprised in series in one big machine, and each machine in which each part became independent may be sufficient. Even if the respective parts are independent, they are collectively referred to as the recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 1 here.
また、一連の工程において有機系混合廃棄物の他に投入するものはおが屑や木屑等の油脂吸着剤のみであり、これも毎回投入するものではなく、必要があるときだけ投入すればよい。
加えて、有機系混合廃棄物に金属が混入していることがあるので、第一ペレット化工程４００や第二ペレット化工程６００の前に金属を分別する工程を加えてもよい。
Further, in addition to the organic mixed waste in the series of steps, only the fat and oil adsorbent such as sawdust and wood waste is input, and this is not input every time.
In addition, since metal may be mixed in the organic mixed waste, a step of separating the metal may be added before the first pelletizing step 400 and the second pelletizing step 600.
また、第一廃棄物よりも第二廃棄物のほうが単位あたりの熱量が大きいが、出来上がるリサイクル燃料の単位あたりの熱量を調整するために第一ペレット化工程４００や第二ペレット化工程６００の前に、第二廃棄物の一部を第一廃棄物に加える調整工程を設けてもよい。 In addition, the second waste has a larger amount of heat per unit than the first waste, but before the first pelletizing step 400 and the second pelletizing step 600 in order to adjust the amount of heat per unit of the finished recycled fuel. In addition, an adjustment step of adding a part of the second waste to the first waste may be provided.
１ リサイクル燃料製造装置
１０ 破袋部
２０ 分別部
３０ 乾燥部
４０ 第一ペレット化部
５０ 破砕部
６０ 第二ペレット化部
６１ ダイス
６２ 孔
１００ 破袋工程
２００ 分別工程
３００ 乾燥工程
４００ 第一ペレット化工程
５００ 破砕工程
６００ 第二ペレット化工程
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Recycled fuel manufacturing apparatus 10 Bag breaking part 20 Sorting part 30 Drying part 40 First pelletizing part 50 Crushing part 60 Second pelletizing part 61 Dice 62 Hole 100 Breaking process 200 Sorting process 300 Drying process 400 First pelletizing process 500 Crushing process 600 Second pelletizing process
Claims (7)
前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別部と、
前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕部と、
前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化部と、を備え、
前記第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させる機構を有さないことを特徴とするリサイクル燃料製造装置。 A device for producing recycled fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residues, etc.
A separation unit that separates the organic mixed waste into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste;
A crushing section for crushing the separated second waste,
A second pelletizing unit for pelletizing the crushed second waste,
A recycle fuel manufacturing apparatus characterized by not having a mechanism for actively drying the second waste.
前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別部と、
前記分別した第一廃棄物を乾燥させる乾燥部と、
前記乾燥した第一廃棄物をペレット化させる第一ペレット化部と、
前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕部と、
前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化部と、を備え、
前記第二廃棄物を積極的に乾燥させる機構を有さないことを特徴とするリサイクル燃料製造装置。 A device for producing recycled fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residues, etc.
A separation unit that separates the organic mixed waste into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste;
A drying section for drying the sorted first waste,
A first pelletizing section for pelletizing the dried first waste;
A crushing section for crushing the separated second waste,
A second pelletizing unit for pelletizing the crushed second waste,
A recycle fuel manufacturing apparatus characterized by not having a mechanism for actively drying the second waste.
前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別工程と、
前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕工程と、
前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化工程と、を備え、
前記第二廃棄物を、一連の工程で積極的には乾燥させることなくペレット化することを特徴とするリサイクル燃料製造方法。 A method for producing recycled fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue, etc.
A separation step of separating the organic mixed waste into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste;
Crushing step of crushing the separated second waste,
A second pelletizing step for pelletizing the crushed second waste,
A method for producing a recycled fuel, wherein the second waste is pelletized without being actively dried in a series of steps.
前記有機系混合廃棄物を前記食品残渣である第一廃棄物と、それ以外の廃棄物が混合した第二廃棄物に分別する分別工程と、
前記分別した第一廃棄物を乾燥させる乾燥工程と、
前記乾燥した第一廃棄物をペレット化させる第一ペレット化工程と、
前記分別した第二廃棄物を破砕する破砕工程と、
前記破砕した第二廃棄物をペレット化する第二ペレット化工程と、を備え、
前記第二廃棄物を、一連の工程で積極的には乾燥させることなくペレット化することを特徴とするリサイクル燃料製造方法。 A method for producing recycled fuel from organic mixed waste containing waste plastic, paper, food residue, etc.
A separation step of separating the organic mixed waste into a first waste that is the food residue and a second waste mixed with other waste;
A drying step of drying the sorted first waste,
A first pelletizing step of pelletizing the dried first waste;
Crushing step of crushing the separated second waste,
A second pelletizing step for pelletizing the crushed second waste,
A method for producing a recycled fuel, wherein the second waste is pelletized without being actively dried in a series of steps.
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