JP2018184327A - Electric heating panel and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric heating panel capable of preventing a failure of internal/external radio wave communication.SOLUTION: An electric heating panel includes: a transparent first panel (11); a transparent second panel (15) arranged with an interval from the first panel; and a heating electrode device (20) arranged at the interval between the first panel and the second panel. The heating electrode device includes; a plurality of bus bar electrodes (23) arranged with an interval therebetween and making a pair; and a heating conductor (24) arranged to bridge between the plurality of bus bar electrodes and configured to be heated by energization. Between the heating conductor and an end of the first panel, a heating conductor no-arrangement part (30) where the heating conductor is not arranged is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an energization heating panel including a heat generating conductor that generates heat by Joule heat when energized, and a vehicle using the same.

  Conventionally, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, glass windows of vehicles such as automobiles, railways, aircrafts, and ships, and glass windows of buildings are heated by energization, There is a technology of energization heating panel that eliminates freezing and cloudiness. Such an energization heating panel comprises a heating electrode device between two glass plates. The heating electrode device includes a pair of bus bar electrodes arranged apart from each other and a heat generating conductor arranged so as to pass between the pair of bus bar electrodes, and connects a power source to the pair of bus bar electrodes. Thus, the heating conductor can be energized, and the energization heats the heating conductor to heat the glass window.

JP-A-8-72674 JP-A-9-207718 JP 2013-56811 A

  In such an energization heating panel, since the heat generating conductor is arranged over the entire panel surface, there is a problem that it is impossible to receive a radio signal from the outside across the energization heating panel. For example, in a toll road fee settlement system using an ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System), there is a risk that transmission / reception of signals by radio waves between a device on the road side and a device on the vehicle interior side may be hindered.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an energization heating panel that can prevent a failure in internal and external radio wave communication. Moreover, a vehicle provided with this electricity heating panel is provided.

  The present invention will be described below. Here, for ease of understanding, reference numerals in the drawings are added, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  One aspect of the present invention includes a transparent first panel (11), a transparent second panel (15) disposed at a distance from the first panel, a first panel, and a second panel. A heating electrode device (20) disposed at a distance between the plurality of bus bar electrodes (23) and a pair of bus bar electrodes (23) which are disposed at a distance to pass between the plurality of bus bar electrodes. A heating conductor (24) heated by energization arranged, and a heating conductor non-arrangement part (30) in which no heating conductor is arranged is provided between the heating conductor and the end face of the first panel. An energization heating panel (10).

  The energization heating panel is disposed in the opening, and the plurality of bus bar electrodes of the energization heating panel are arranged in the horizontal direction. The heating conductor extends in the horizontal direction so as to pass the plurality of bus bar electrodes. A non-arrangement part can provide vehicles arranged so that it may become at least one side of the upper part and the lower part of an energization heating panel.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can prevent that the transmission / reception of an internal / external radio wave is inhibited through the electricity heating panel, maintaining the heating performance of a required part.

FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining an electric heating panel 10. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a layer configuration of the energization heating panel 10. FIG. This is an example of the heat generating conductor 24. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a heating electrode device 20. FIG. FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating the heat generating conductor 24 ′, and FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating the heat generating conductor 24 ″. It is a figure explaining the cross-sectional form of the heat generating conductor. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D are diagrams illustrating a method for manufacturing the energization heating panel 10. It is a figure explaining the other aspect of a bus-bar electrode. It is sectional drawing explaining the laminated constitution of the electricity heating panel 10 '.

  The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms. In addition, each member appearing in the drawings may be expressed by exaggerating the size or shape from the viewpoint of easy understanding.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a conceptual diagram in which the energization heating panel 10 is viewed from above. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by III in FIG. 1 and shows an enlarged view of a heating conductor 24 which is one example of the heating conductor.
Such an energization heating panel 10 is provided in an automobile as a windshield of an automobile, for example. In addition, it can be used as a transparent opening member (so-called window material) having a transparent opening such as a glass window or a glass door, and includes, for example, the above-mentioned automobile, railway vehicle, aircraft, ship, and spacecraft. And the like, and openings of vehicles, doors and the like, and openings of various buildings such as windows and doors. It can also be used for traffic lights, electronic signboards, electronic advertising window materials (surface protection plates), lighting equipment window materials (surface protection plates) provided outside various vehicles such as automobile headlights.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the energization heating panel 10 is plate-like as a whole, and a plurality of layers are laminated in the thickness direction (Z-axis direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). More specifically, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the energization heating panel 10 of this embodiment includes a first panel 11, a panel adhesive layer 12, a heating electrode device 20, a panel adhesive layer 14, and a second panel. 15. Each will be described below.

  The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are transparent plate-like members having translucency, and are arranged substantially in parallel with an interval between the plate surfaces so that one surface faces each other. ing. This is a so-called double panel structure. Here, the plate surface refers to two opposing planes parallel to the XY plane among the surfaces of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15. A part of the heating electrode device 20 is disposed between the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 and integrated with the panel adhesive layers 12 and 14.

The 1st panel 11 and the 2nd panel 15 can be comprised with plate glass. For this, the same plate glass as that used for windows normally provided in facilities (for example, vehicles and buildings) to which the current heating panel 10 is applied can be used. Examples include soda lime glass (blue plate glass), borosilicate glass (white plate glass), quartz glass, soda glass, potassium glass, etc., normal plate glass, float plate glass, tempered plate glass, and partial plate glass. Moreover, you may have a curved part in a three-dimensional curved surface as needed. The refractive index of such glass is usually 1.4 to 1.8. In particular, the glass used for various vehicles and buildings generally has a refractive index of around 1.52.
However, it is not necessarily a glass plate, and may be a resin plate made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin. However, it is preferably a plate glass from the viewpoint of weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency and the like.

  The thicknesses of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are not particularly limited, but are generally 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The panel adhesive layer 12 is a layer made of an adhesive laminated on the surface of the first panel 11 on the second panel 15 side, and bonds the base material layer 21 and the first panel 11 together. The material of the adhesive is not particularly limited, but polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) can be used from the viewpoints of adhesiveness, weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency, and the like. When PVB is used, the refractive index is around 1.48.
The thickness of the panel adhesive layer 12 is not particularly limited, but is generally 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.
Various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber such as a benzotriazole compound and a benzophenone compound, an infrared absorber, and an antistatic agent can be added to the panel adhesive layer 12 as necessary.

The heating electrode device 20 generates heat when energized and heats the energizing heating panel 10. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the heating electrode device 20.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the heating electrode device 20 includes a base material layer 21, a heating conductor adhesive layer 22, a bus bar electrode 23, a heating conductor 24, and a power connection wiring 25.

The base material layer 21 is a layer that functions as a base material for supporting the bus bar electrode 23 and the heat generating conductor 24 by arranging the bus bar electrode 23 and the heat generating conductor 24 on one surface of the heating electrode device 20. . The base material layer 21 is a transparent plate-like member and is formed of a resin. As the resin for forming the base material layer 21, any resin may be used as long as it transmits a wavelength in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm), but a thermoplastic resin can be preferably used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, and cyclic polyolefin, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, Examples thereof include cellulose resins such as acetylcellulose (cellulose triacetate), polycarbonate resins, styrene resins such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, and polyvinyl chloride. Among these, PET is preferable because it has excellent etching resistance, weather resistance, and light resistance. PET has a refractive index of around 1.58.
As thickness of the base material layer 21, 20 micrometers or more and 300 micrometers or less are common.

  The heat-generating conductor adhesive layer 22 is an adhesive layer that is disposed between the base material layer 21 and the heat-generating conductor 24 and has a function of improving the adhesion between them. The adhesive used here is preferably one used in a dry laminating method. Dry lamination is a method of applying a liquid adhesive dissolved in a solvent to at least one of the bonding surfaces of two layers to be bonded to each other, and drying the applied layer of the adhesive. This is a laminating method in which both layers laminated between each other are sandwiched between a pair of heating rolls and are pressed and bonded together. A material for the adhesive used in such a bonding method is not particularly limited and a known material can be used. For example, a thermosetting resin is typical. Specifically, an isocyanate compound such as tolylene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate is used as a main ingredient, one or more selected from polyols such as acrylic polyol, polyester polyol, polycarbonate polyol, and polyether polyol. A main component of at least one selected from prepolymers such as a two-component curable urethane resin having a curing agent of at least one selected from multimers or adducts, and a copolymer of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, Alternatively, a two-component curable epoxy resin using an acid anhydride or the like as a curing agent may be used. Among these, a two-component curable polyester-based urethane mainly composed of a polyester polyol, a two-component curable polycarbonate-based urethane mainly composed of a polycarbonate polyol, and the like can be suitably used.

In this embodiment, the bus bar electrode 23 is formed of a first bus bar electrode 23a and a second bus bar electrode 23b. The first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b each have a strip shape extending in one direction (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1), and the first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b are spaced in the same direction. It is arrange | positioned so that it may extend to (substantially parallel). This is a posture in which the heating energization panel 10 is installed on the vehicle, and extends in the vertical direction, and two bus bar electrodes are arranged in the horizontal direction.
A known form can be applied to the first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b, and the width of the strip-like electrode is generally 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

The heating conductor 24 is arranged to extend in a direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1) intersecting both the bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b so as to pass the first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b. The first bus bar electrode 23 a and the second bus bar electrode 23 b are electrically connected by the heat generating conductor 24. The heating conductor 24 generates heat when energized.
In this embodiment, a plurality of such heat generating conductors 24 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b. In other words, the heating conductor 24 extends in the horizontal direction in a posture in which the heating and energizing panel 10 is installed on the vehicle, and a plurality of heating conductors 24 are arranged in the vertical direction.

  Further, the form in the direction in which the heat generating conductor 24 extends is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing light glare, the heat generating conductor 24 has a wave shape as shown in FIG. A mold is preferred.

  However, the form of the heat generating conductor is not limited to the corrugated shape, and the linear heat generating conductor 24 ′ shown in FIG. 5A or the mesh-shaped heat generating conductor 24 ″ shown in FIG. It can also be applied.

The cross-sectional shape of the heat generating conductor 24 is preferably configured as follows. FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the portion indicated by VI in FIG.
In the thickness direction of the heating electrode device 20, the heating conductor 24 has a surface area per length of 0.01 m in a plan view of one side of the heating conductor 24 (in this embodiment, the heating conductor adhesive layer 22 side). _B, when the surface area S _T per length 0.01m viewed from above the surface opposite,
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 30000 μm ²
Is preferably established. Here, the “length” is a distance between one end and the other end when 0.01 m with the extending heat generating conductor 24 is taken out. More preferably,
0 μm ² <S _B −S _T ≦ 15000 μm ²
It is.
According to this, when the heat generating conductor 24 is produced with a width that is not visually recognized, the cross-sectional area can be increased, and a higher output (heat generation amount) can be obtained. The cross-sectional shape of the heat generating conductor 24 is ideal if a rectangular shape (rectangular shape) can be produced, but it is difficult to produce it by etching because of the nature of so-called side edges.

While satisfying the above-mentioned range, it is preferable that the other parts are configured as follows. Reference numerals for explanation are given in FIG.
The distance B (corresponding to the opening in the heat generating conductor 24) between the adjacent heat generating conductors 24 shown by B in FIG. 6 is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less. More preferably, it is 0.4 mm or more.
Further, in the cross section, when the S _B side of the side length (line width) of W _B, and the length of the side opposite (S _T side) (line width) was set to W _T,
W _B > W _T ,
3 μm ≦ W _B ≦ 15 μm, and
1μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12μm
Is preferably satisfied.
In addition, this cross section is a surface cut so as to be the minimum cross section at the site. In the case where irregularities are formed on the surface of the heating conductor 24, a cross-section of the minimum area including the irregularities is considered.
The thickness H of the heat generating conductor 24 is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the pitch P with the adjacent heat generating conductor 24 shall be 0.1 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less. When the pitch P is smaller than 0.1 mm, the plurality of heat generating conductors 24 are densely arranged, and there is a possibility that the light transmittance of the energization heating panel 10 becomes dark beyond the allowable range. On the other hand, if the pitch P is larger than 5.00 mm, the uniform heating performance may be deteriorated or the heating conductor 24 may be visually recognized.

  As a conductor material constituting the heating conductor 24, for example, a metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, platinum, aluminum, or a nickel-chromium alloy, bronze, brass, or the like containing these metals is patterned by etching. The member formed and formed can be mentioned.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the power connection wiring 25 is a wiring for connecting the power supply 40 between the first bus bar electrode 23a and the second bus bar electrode 23b. The power source 40 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply power necessary for dissolving or evaporating water droplets (cloudy), frozen (frost), and the like, and has a known voltage, current, or frequency. However, when the energization heating panel 10 is applied to an automobile, for example, a battery such as an existing lead storage battery or lithium ion storage battery installed in the automobile may be used as the DC power supply. it can. At this time, for example, the second bus bar electrode 23b can be connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the first bus bar electrode 23a can be connected to the negative electrode. Of course, a dedicated power source (battery, generator, etc.) may be used separately. Further, in the case of a railway vehicle powered by an electric motor, DC power or AC power fed from an overhead wire can be converted into an appropriate voltage and current for use.
A known configuration may be applied to such a power supply connection wiring 25.

The panel adhesive layer 14 includes a bus bar electrode 23 and a heating conductor 24, and is a layer that bonds the heating conductor adhesive layer 22 and the second panel 15. The panel adhesive layer 14 may have the same configuration as the panel adhesive layer 12. That is, although it does not specifically limit as an adhesive agent, Polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) can be used from viewpoints, such as adhesiveness, a weather resistance, heat resistance, and transparency. When PVB is used, the refractive index is around 1.48.
The thickness of the panel adhesive layer 14 is not particularly limited, but is generally 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.
Various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber such as a benzotriazole compound and a benzophenone compound, an infrared absorber, and an antistatic agent can be added to the panel adhesive layer 14 as necessary.

  With each configuration as described above, the energization heating panel 10 is formed as follows. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the panel adhesive layer 12 is laminated on one surface of the first panel 11, and the base material layer 21 is laminated on the first panel 11 via the panel adhesive layer 12. ing. Further, the bus bar electrode 23 and the heating electrode 24 are laminated on the surface of the base material layer 21 opposite to the side on which the panel adhesive layer 12 is disposed via the heat-generating conductor adhesive layer 22. . And the 2nd panel 15 is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the side in which the base material layer 21 is arrange | positioned among the heating electrode apparatuses 20, and it fills between the adhesive layer 22 for heat generating conductors, and the 2nd panel 15. A panel adhesive layer 14 is disposed on the panel. Thereby, the second panel 15 is laminated on the heating electrode device 20.

  At this time, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, in the direction in which the heat generating conductors 24 are arranged (the Y direction in FIGS. 1 and 2), the heat generating conductors 24 arranged at the end are used to A heating conductor non-arrangement portion 30 that is a portion where the heating conductor 24 is not arranged is provided between the end faces. The heating conductor 24 is not disposed in this portion, and thus, radio waves can pass through the energization heating panel 10 without being disturbed by the heating conductor 24. More specifically, it is as follows.

  The heat conductor non-arranged portion 30 has a distance A (the width of the heat conductor non-arranged portion) from the heat conductor 24 arranged at the end to the end face of the energization heating panel 10 (end face of the first panel 11). The size of the width A can be determined based on the wavelength of the radio wave to be transmitted through the energization heating panel 10. For example, the lower limit value of the size of the width A is determined by the cutoff wavelength of the opening formed by the minimum wavelength of the wavelength band of the wavelength of the radio wave to be transmitted. The upper limit of the width A is determined so that the effect of eliminating the freezing and fogging of the energization heating panel 10 is made uniform over the entire surface of the energization heating panel 10 to the extent that there is no visual problem. To do.

  Here, when the distance between the two bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b (the length of the heat conductor non-arranged portion 30) is L (see FIG. 1), the heat conductor non-arranged portion 30 has a length L and a width A. Make a rectangular opening. With respect to the transmission of electromagnetic waves, this opening can be regarded as a rectangular (cross-sectional) waveguide whose length in the propagation direction (the thickness of the heat generating conductor 24 corresponds to this) is extremely short. Accordingly, whether the radio wave is transmitted or blocked through the heating conductor non-arranged portion 30 is a problem equivalent to whether the radio wave is propagated or blocked in the rectangular waveguide having the width A and the length L.

In the waveguide, the rectangular waveguide having the side lengths of A (mm) and L (mm) (A <L) has a specific cutoff wavelength λc (mm), and the wavelength λ About radio waves,
λ ≦ λc
Only known to propagate. That is, the radio wave that can be transmitted through the rectangular opening of the heating conductor non-arranged portion 30 is only that having a wavelength equal to or shorter than the cutoff wavelength λc expressed by Equation 1.
λc = 2 / {(n / A) ² + (m / L) ² } ^0.5 (Expression 1)
It is. Here, m and n are the number of modes of propagating radio waves.

In the heat conductor non-arranged portion 30, the cutoff wavelength λc is obtained in the direction of the width A (the Y direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) where the width A is smaller than the length L and the cutoff wavelength is further reduced. . At this time, assuming that the number of modes is m = 0 and n = 1, the maximum value of the cut-off wavelength λc is obtained from Equation 1 (because λc is smaller when assuming a mode number n ≧ 2 or more). Then
λc = 2 · A (Formula 2)
It becomes.
Therefore, when the frequency band of the radio wave that is assumed to be transmitted and received through the energization heating panel 10 or the longest wavelength of the spectrum is λmax,
λmax ≦ λc = 2 · A (Formula 3)
That is, when this is solved for the width A,
A ≧ λmax / 2 (Formula 4)
It becomes. However, if the width A of the heating conductor non-arrangement portion 30 is set too large with a margin, uniform heating of the entire surface of the energization heating panel 10 becomes difficult. Therefore, usually
(Λmax / 2) × 1.05 ≦ A ≦ (λmax / 2) × 2.00 (Formula 5)
It is preferable that

  Considering the normally assumed transmission of the wavelength band of radio waves and the ability to uniformly heat the entire surface, the width A is 0.5 mm or more and 50 mm or less, preferably 1.2 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less.

Note that the type of radio wave transmitted or received through the energization heating panel 10 is not particularly limited, and radio waves in various wavelength bands are loaded with desired information by various modulation methods. Here, as the wavelength band, a long wave, a medium wave, a short wave, an ultra short wave, an ultra ultra short wave, or the like is used. As the modulation method, modulation methods such as analog modulation such as amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, digital modulation such as frequency shift modulation and phase shift modulation, and pulse modulation such as pulse code modulation and pulse width modulation are used. As the information, various audio signals, video signals, digital signals, and the like are used. Specifically, radio waves of AM (amplitude modulated waves) or / FM (frequency modulated waves), television UHF broadcast waves, VHF broadcast waves, digital broadcast waves, car phones, mobile phones, ETC (abbreviation for Electronic Toll Collection System), radio waves used for personal radio, commercial radio, etc., and GPS satellite positioning radio waves for use in GPS (abbreviation for Global Positioning System) And various radio waves.
Therefore, it is possible to receive radio waves satisfactorily by installing the antenna for receiving the radio waves described above in the vicinity of the heat conductor non-arrangement portion 30.

  As a result, a portion through which the radio wave can be transmitted is formed, so that unevenness in the transmission of the radio wave hardly occurs. And by forming the said part in the edge part of an electricity heating panel in this way, even if heating performance falls, since a practical influence can be restrained small, the basic performance of an electricity heating panel can also be maintained. Is possible.

  Such a heating electrode device 20 and the energization heating panel 10 including the heating electrode device 20 can be manufactured as follows, for example. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D are diagrams for explanation.

First, as shown to Fig.7 (a), the laminated body which laminated | stacked the metal foil 24a on the base material layer 21 which consists of a resin film via the heat generating conductor adhesive layer 22 is manufactured.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, a photosensitive resist layer 80 is applied and formed on the metal foil 24a of the laminate.

Next, a photomask having a light shielding pattern based on a plan view pattern of the heat generating conductor 24 and the bus bar electrode 23 having a desired pattern is prepared. Then, the photomask is placed in close contact with the photosensitive resist layer 80. Then, UV exposure is performed through the photomask, and after removing the photomask, the unexposed photosensitive resist layer is dissolved and removed by a known development process to match the desired pattern 80a as shown in FIG. 7C. A resist pattern layer 80 'having a shape is formed on the metal foil 24a.
Here, in FIG. 7C, the position and size of the heat generating conductor 24 to be formed are indicated by a broken line and light ink for reference. As can be seen from FIG. 7C, in this example, the distance from the edge of the resist pattern 80a formed in the resist pattern layer 80 ′ to the edge of the heat generating conductor 24 to be formed is C. ing. The C is preferably 5 μm or more. Thereby, the heat generating conductor 24 having the above-described form can be obtained by etching.

  Next, the laminate is etched (corrosion) with a corrosive solution from above the resist pattern layer 80 ', and the resist pattern layer 80' metal foil 24a is removed by corrosion as shown in FIG. Then, the resist pattern layer is dissolved and removed (defilming). Thus, a laminated member in which the heat generating conductor 24, the first bus bar electrode 23a, and the second bus bar electrode 23b having a predetermined pattern in the plan view shape of FIG. 1 and the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2 are formed on the heat generating conductor adhesive layer 22. Manufacturing.

  If the cross section of the heat conductor 24 is defined as described above, the heat conductor 24 can be formed with high productivity.

Next, a laminated member is formed by the first panel 11, the panel adhesive layer 12, and the heating electrode device 20, and the panel adhesive layer 14 and the second panel 15 are stacked on the laminated member in this order. Is integrated.
Through the above steps, the energization heating panel 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is manufactured.

  According to the manufacturing method of the current heating panel 10 described above, a heat generating conductor whose cross-sectional shape is close to a rectangle can be obtained by etching, compared to a heat generating conductor having a trapezoidal cross section with a large difference between the upper base and the lower base. The cross-sectional area can be increased by increasing the thickness while keeping the size in the width direction small.

The energization heating panel 10 is used and operates as follows, for example. Here, a case where the energization heating panel 10 is applied to a front panel of an automobile will be described as an example.
That is, in the form of FIG. 1, the energization heating panel 10 is disposed at the position of the front panel of the automobile. At this time, the heating conductor non-arrangement part 30 is arranged vertically. That is, the two bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b are arranged on the left and right, and the heating conductor 24 is arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction. Usually, since the receiver is often arranged at the upper part or the lower part on the indoor side, the position of the receiver and the position of the heat conductor non-arrangement part 30 are appropriate, and radio waves are received more appropriately.

  Further, the power supply 40 is connected to the power supply connection wiring 25 via the switch 50, and the heating conductor 24 is connected via the bus bar electrode 23 so as to generate heat. In the present embodiment, an existing battery is used as the power source 40 in the automobile. When the switch 50 is closed, a current is supplied from the power supply 40. Since the heat generating conductor 24 heats the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 due to the generation of Joule heat, the temperature of the energizing heating panel 10 functioning as a front panel rises, and freezing and clouding are eliminated.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the heating conductor non-arrangement portions 30 are formed at both ends of the energization heating panel 10 is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and only one of them may be provided.

  Further, in this embodiment, the bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b are configured to extend adjacent to the heating conductor non-arrangement portion 30, but these portions do not substantially function, and therefore, as shown in FIG. As described above, the bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b do not have to extend to a portion adjacent to the heat conductor non-arrangement portion 30 as necessary (in the example of FIG. 8A, the upper portions of the bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b are not shown in FIG. It is shorter than the example.)

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, a portion of the bus bar electrodes 23a, 23b that is connected to the power supply connection wiring 25 is projected outside the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 as an electrode terminal 23 ′. It can also be formed. According to this, it is easy to perform connection wiring with a power supply.

  FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the layer structure of the energization heating panel 10 ′ according to the modification, and corresponds to FIG. 2. In this example, not only the bus bar electrodes 23a and 23b but also the base material layer 21 and the heating conductor adhesive layer 22 are configured not to reach the end face of the energization heating panel 10 '. Therefore, in this example, the heat conductor non-arrangement portion 30 ′ is configured to contact the first panel 11 and the second panel 15. The heating conductor non-arranged portion 30 ′ may be filled with air or a panel adhesive layer.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Current heating panel 11 First panel 12 Panel adhesive layer 14 Panel adhesive layer 15 Second panel 20 Heating electrode device 21 Base material layer 22 Heating conductor adhesive layer 23 Busbar electrode 24 Heating conductor 30 Heating conductor non-arrangement Part 40 Power supply

Claims (2)

A transparent first panel,
A transparent second panel disposed at a distance from the first panel;
A heating electrode device disposed at the interval between the first panel and the second panel;
The heating electrode device
A plurality of bus bar electrodes arranged at intervals and in pairs;
A heating conductor heated by energization arranged to pass between the plurality of bus bar electrodes,
An energizing heating panel in which a heating conductor non-arrangement part in which the heating conductor is not arranged is provided between the heating conductor and an end face of the first panel. The energization heating panel according to claim 1 is arranged in the opening,
The bus bar electrodes of the energization heating panel are arranged in a horizontal direction,
The heating conductor extends in a horizontal direction so as to pass the plurality of bus bar electrodes,
The vehicle, wherein the heating conductor non-arranged portion is arranged so as to be at least one of an upper portion and a lower portion of the energization heating panel.

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