JP6812638B2 - Heating electrode device, energized heating glass, and vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heating electrode device including a heating electrode device including a heating conductor that generates heat by Joule heat when energized, and an energizing heating glass using the heating electrode device.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the glass windows of vehicles such as automobiles, railroads, aircraft, and ships, and the glass windows of buildings are heated by energizing to freeze the glass windows. There is a technology to eliminate the cloudiness. Such a glass window is configured by providing a heating electrode device between two glass plates. The heating electrode device has a pair of bus bar electrodes arranged apart from each other, and a plurality of linear heat generating conductors arranged so as to pass between the pair of bus bar electrodes, and the pair of bus bar electrodes. By connecting a power supply to the bus, the heat-generating conductor can be energized, and the heat-generating conductor can be heated to heat the glass window.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-72674 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-207718 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-56811

Since the heating conductor of the wire is provided in the glass window, it is necessary to avoid obstructing the view or obstructing the eyes due to its nature. Therefore, the heat generating conductor is formed very thin. Due to such thin formation, disconnection often becomes a problem, and among them, disconnection often occurs at the connection portion between the bus bar electrode and the heat generating conductor.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating electrode device capable of preventing disconnection at a connecting portion between a bus bar electrode and a heat generating conductor. Further, an energized heating glass having this heating electrode device and a vehicle are provided.

The present invention will be described below. Reference numerals in the drawings are added here for ease of understanding, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The invention according to claim 1 is a heating electrode device (20) that energizes and heats glass, and passes a plurality of bus bar electrodes (21) extending at predetermined intervals and a plurality of bus bar electrodes. A heat-generating conductor (22) composed of a plurality of wires arranged in the heat-generating conductor is provided, and the heat-generating conductor is a connection portion (22a) with a bus bar electrode, and a surface connected to the bus bar electrode is the width and thickness of the heat-generating conductor. The area of the connecting surface is formed to have a larger cross-sectional area than the portion other than the connecting surface of the heat-generating conductor , the cross-sectional area changes in the vicinity of the connecting portion, and the connecting surface is other than the heat-generating conductor. It is a heating electrode device having a larger cross-sectional area than any of the above parts .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the heating electrode device (20) according to the first aspect, the pitch of the plurality of heat generating conductors (22) is P, and the plane view of one surface in the thickness direction of the heat generating conductors. when the surface area of the S _B per length _0.01m, the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of the other surface on the opposite side of the one surface was S _T,
0.5 mm ≤ P ≤ 5.00 mm
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
Is.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the heating electrode device of claim 2 (20), heating conductor (22), in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction, W the amount of S _B side of the side _B and then, when the magnitude of the S _T side edge was W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm, and 1μm ≦ _{W T} ≦ 12μm, is.

The invention according to claim 4 has a transparent base material layer (24) in the heating electrode device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the heat generating conductor (22) is a base material layer. It is arranged on one surface, and one surface of the heat generating conductor is in contact with the surface of the base material layer.

The invention according to claim 5 is a transparent first panel (11), a transparent second panel (15) arranged at intervals from the first panel, and a first panel. The energized heating glass (10) comprising the heating electrode device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is arranged at a distance between the glass and the second panel.

The invention according to claim 6 is a vehicle provided with the energized heating glass (10) according to claim 5.

According to the present invention, in the heating electrode device and the energized heating glass using the heating electrode device, it is possible to prevent disconnection at the connection portion between the heating electrode and the bus bar electrode, and the glass is frosted by heating with higher reliability. And frost can be eliminated with high reliability.

It is a top view explaining the energization heating glass 10 which concerns on one form. FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22 which is an example of the heat generating conductor 22, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of a portion of the connecting portion 22a. It is sectional drawing explaining the layer structure of the energized heating glass 10. It is a perspective view explaining the heating electrode device 20. It is a figure explaining the form of a heating conductor 22. 6 (a) to 6 (d) are views for explaining a method of manufacturing the energized heating glass 10.

The above-mentioned actions and gains of the present invention will be clarified from the forms described below. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms. In addition, each member appearing in the drawing may be exaggerated or deformed in size or shape from the viewpoint of easy understanding.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one form, and is a conceptual diagram of the energized heating glass 10 in a plan view. Further, FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the portion shown by IIa in FIG. 1, an enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22 which is an example of the heat generating conductor 22, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the portion shown by IIb in FIG. In the enlarged view of the shown portion, the enlarged view of the connecting portion 22a between the heat generating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrode 21b is shown.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III shown in FIG. 1 and is a diagram for explaining the layer structure of the energized heating glass 10 in the thickness direction.
Such an energizing heating glass 10 is provided in an automobile as, for example, a windshield of the automobile. In addition, it can be used as a transparent opening member (so-called window material) in a place having a transparent opening such as a so-called glass window or a glass door, which includes, for example, the above-mentioned automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and space. Examples include windows of vehicles such as ships, openings such as doors, and openings such as windows and doors of various buildings. It can also be used as a window material (surface protection plate) for traffic signals, electronic signboards or electronic advertisements, and a window material (surface protection plate) for lighting equipment provided outside various vehicles such as automobile headlights. ..

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, the energized heating glass 10 has a plate shape as a whole, and a plurality of layers are laminated in the thickness direction (Z-axis direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 3). More specifically, the energized heating glass 10 of the present embodiment includes a first panel 11, an adhesive layer 12, a heating electrode device 20, an adhesive layer 14, and a second panel 15 as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. Has been done. Each will be described below.

The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are translucent, that is, transparent plate-shaped members, and are substantially parallel to each other with a gap between the plate surfaces so that one surface faces each other. Have been placed. It is a so-called double panel structure. Here, the plate surface is, in FIG. 3, two opposing planes parallel to the XY plane among the surfaces of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15. A part of the heating electrode device 20 is arranged between the first panel 11 and the second panel 15, and is integrated by the adhesive layers 12 and 14.
The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 can be made of flat glass. For this, the same flat glass as that normally used for windows in equipment to which the energized heating glass 10 is applied (for example, a vehicle or a building) can be used. Examples thereof include ordinary plate glass made of soda lime glass (blue plate glass), borosilicate glass (white plate glass), quartz glass, soda glass, potash glass and the like, float plate glass, tempered plate glass, partial plate glass and the like. Further, if necessary, it may have a curved portion in a three-dimensional curved surface.
However, it does not necessarily have to be a glass plate, and may be a resin plate made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin. However, flat glass is preferable from the viewpoint of weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency and the like.
The thickness of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 is not particularly limited, but is generally 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The adhesive layer 12 is a layer made of an adhesive laminated on the surface of the first panel 11 on the side of the second panel 15, and adheres the base material layer 24 and the first panel 11. The adhesive is not particularly limited, but a polyvinyl butyral resin can be used from the viewpoints of adhesiveness, weather resistance, heat resistance and the like.
The thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is not particularly limited, but is generally 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.
If necessary, various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber such as a benzotriazole compound and a benzophenone compound, an infrared absorber, and an antistatic agent may be added to the adhesive layer 12 or the adhesive layer 14. ..

The heating electrode device 20 is configured to generate heat when energized to heat the energized heating glass 10. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the heating electrode device 20.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the heating electrode device 20 includes a bus bar electrode 21, a heat generating conductor 22, a power supply connection wiring 23, and a base material layer 24. For convenience, the base material layer 24 will be described first here.

The base material layer 24 is a layer in which the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 of the heating electrode device 20 are arranged on one surface thereof and function as a base material of the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22. The base material layer 24 is a transparent plate-shaped member and is made of resin. The resin forming the base material layer 24 may be any resin as long as it transmits a wavelength in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm), but a thermoplastic resin can be preferably used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (A-PET), polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene and cyclic polyolefin, and acrylic resins such as polymethylmethacrylate. , Cellulosic resin such as triacetyl cellulose (cellulose triacetate), polycarbonate resin, polystyrene, styrene resin such as acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and the like. In particular, polyester resin, acrylic resin and polyvinyl chloride are preferable because they are excellent in etching resistance, weather resistance and light resistance. The thickness of the base material layer 24 is generally 20 μm or more and 300 μm or less. The resin layer constituting the base material layer 24 is uniaxially or biaxially stretched as needed.

In the present embodiment, the bus bar electrode 21 is formed of the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b each have a band shape extending in one direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1), and the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b have a distance and are in the same direction. It is arranged so as to extend (almost parallel to).
Known forms can be applied to the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b, and the width of the strip-shaped electrode is generally 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

The heat generating conductor 22 is arranged so as to extend in a direction intersecting with both bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b (Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) so as to pass the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. Then, the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b are electrically connected by the heat generating conductor 22. The heat generating conductor 22 generates heat when energized.
A plurality of such heat generating conductors 22 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b.

In the present invention, the heat generating conductor 22 is formed thicker at the connecting portion 22a with the bus bar electrode 21 than at a portion other than the connecting portion. That is, the contact area _{A 1} of the connecting portion 22a of the heating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrode 21 shown by _{A 1} in FIG. 4, indicated by _{A 2} in FIG. 4, the minimum heating conductor 22 at the site is not a connecting portion 22a It is configured to be larger than the cross-sectional area A ₂ . As a result, it is possible to prevent performance deterioration due to disconnection.

This means for configuring the cross-sectional area as is not particularly limited, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 2 (b), the line width W _R of the heating conductor 22 in the connection portion 22a, connecting portions 22a or greater than the minimum line width W _T of the heating conductor 22 at sites that are not, as shown in FIG. 4, the line thickness H _R of the heating conductor 22 in the connection portion 22a, the heat generation at the site is not a connecting portion 22a It can be mentioned that the wire thickness H of the conductor 22 is made larger than the minimum wire thickness H.

The specific form of the heat-generating conductor is not particularly limited as long as the above relationship is satisfied, but from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing light rays, the heat-generating conductor 22 is shown in FIG. 2 (a) in a plan view (viewpoint of FIG. 1). ), It is preferably wavy.

Further, it is preferable that the portion of the heat generating conductor 22 that is not the connecting portion 22a is configured as follows. The following is a description of the portion other than the connection portion 22a unless otherwise specified. FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the portion indicated by V in FIG.
Heating conductor 22, in the thickness direction of the heating electrode device 20, one side surface area per length 0.01m viewed from above the surface of the (in this embodiment the substrate layer 24) S _B of the heating conductor _22, the opposite when the surface area S _T per length 0.01m viewed from above the surface on the side,
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
Is preferably established. Here, the "length" is the distance between one end and the other end when 0.01 m of the extending heat-generating conductor 22 is taken out. More preferably
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 15000μm 2
Is.
According to this, when the heat generating conductor 22 is manufactured with a width that cannot be visually recognized, the cross-sectional area can be made large, and a higher output (heat generation amount) can be obtained. It would be ideal if a rectangle could be produced, but it is difficult to produce it by etching due to the nature of so-called side edges.

While satisfying the above range, it is preferable to configure the other parts as follows. Reference numerals are given to FIG. 5 for explanation.
The distance B between the adjacent heating conductors 22 shown by B in FIG. 5 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less. It is more preferably 1.0 mm or more, still more preferably 1.25 mm or more.
Further, in the cross section, the W _B, and when the length of the opposite side was W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm, and 1μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12μm
It is preferable that
In addition, this cross section is a surface cut so as to be the smallest cross section at the site. Further, when unevenness is formed on the surface of the heat generating conductor 22, the cross section of the minimum area including the unevenness shall be considered.
Further, the thickness H of the heat generating conductor 22 is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less.

Further, it is preferable that the heat-generating conductor 22 has a pitch P of 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less with the adjacent heat-generating conductor 22. When the pitch P is made smaller than 0.5 mm, the plurality of heat generating conductors 22 are densely arranged so that they can be easily visually recognized. It is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.25 mm or more. On the other hand, if the pitch P is larger than 5.00 mm, the uniform heating performance may deteriorate.

As the conductor material constituting the heat generating conductor 22, for example, a metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, platinum, aluminum, or an alloy containing these metals such as nickel-chromium alloy, bronze, and brass is patterned by etching. A band-shaped member formed and formed can be mentioned.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the power supply connection wiring 23 is a wiring for connecting the power supply 40 between the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The power supply 40 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply electric power necessary for melting or evaporating water droplets (cloudy), freezing (frost), etc., and is known to have an appropriate voltage, current, or frequency. However, when the energizing heating glass 10 is applied to an automobile, a battery such as a lead storage battery or a lithium ion storage battery already installed in the automobile can be used as the DC power source as the power source 40. .. At this time, for example, the second bus bar electrode 21b can be connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the first bus bar electrode 21a can be connected to the negative electrode. Of course, a dedicated power source (battery, generator, etc.) may be used separately. Further, in the case of a railway vehicle powered by an electric motor, the DC or AC power supplied from the overhead wire can be converted into an appropriate voltage and current for use.
A known configuration may be applied to such a power supply connection wiring 23.

The adhesive layer 14 is a layer for adhering the base material layer 24 including the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 to the second panel 15. The adhesive layer 14 can have the same structure as the adhesive layer 12.

With each of the above configurations, the energized heating glass 10 is formed as follows. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the adhesive layer 12 is laminated on one surface of the first panel 11, and the base material layer 24 is laminated on the first panel 11 via the adhesive layer 12. Further, the heating electrode device 20 is arranged on the surface of the base material layer 24 opposite to the side on which the adhesive layer 12 is arranged. Although the second panel 15 is arranged on the side of the heating electrode device 20 opposite to the side on which the base material layer 24 is arranged, the base layer 24 and the heating electrode device 20 and the second panel 15 are separated from each other. The adhesive layer 14 is arranged so as to fill it. As a result, the second panel 15 is laminated on the base material layer 24 and the heating electrode device 20.

Such a heating electrode device 20 and an energized heating glass 10 including the heating electrode device 20 can be manufactured, for example, as follows. Figures 6 (a) to 6 (d) are shown for explanation.

First, as shown in FIG. 6A, a laminate is produced in which a metal foil 22'is laminated on a base material layer 24 made of a resin film via an adhesive layer.
Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the photosensitive resist layer 80 is coated and formed on the metal leaf 22'of the laminated body.

Next, a photomask having a light-shielding pattern based on the plan view pattern of the heat-generating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrode 21 having a desired pattern is prepared. Then, the photomask is placed in close contact with the photosensitive resist layer 80. Then, it is exposed to ultraviolet rays through the photomask, the photomask is removed, and then the unexposed photosensitive resist layer is dissolved and removed by a known development process to match the desired pattern 80a as shown in FIG. 6C. A resist pattern layer 80'of shape is formed on the metal foil 22'.
Here, in FIG. 6C, the position and size of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed are represented by broken lines and light ink with reference to the reference. As can be seen from FIG. 6C, in this example, the distance from the edge of the resist pattern 80a formed on the resist pattern layer 80c to the edge of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed is C. There is. And this C is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less. As a result, the heat generating conductor 22 having the above-described form can be obtained by etching.

Next, the laminate is etched (corroded) with a corrosive liquid from above the resist pattern layer 80', and the resist pattern layer 80'metal foil 22'is corroded and removed as shown in FIG. 6D. Then, the resist pattern layer is dissolved and removed (defilmed). Thus, a laminated member in which the heating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b having a predetermined pattern of the plan view shape of FIG. 1 and the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 3 are formed on the base material layer 24 is manufactured.

In the present invention, since the cross section of the heat generating conductor 22 is defined as described above, the heat generating conductor 22 can be formed with high productivity.

Next, the adhesive layer 14 and the second panel 15 are laminated in this order on the laminated member composed of the first panel 11, the adhesive layer 12, and the heating electrode mounting 20, and these plurality of layers are adhered and laminated to be integrated.
Through the above steps, the energized heating glass 10 shown in the plan view of FIG. 1 and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 is manufactured.

According to the method for manufacturing the energized heating glass 10 described above, a heating conductor having a cross-sectional shape close to a rectangle can be obtained by etching, as compared with a heating conductor having a trapezoidal cross section in which the difference between the upper base and the lower base is large. It is possible to increase the thickness and increase the cross-sectional area while keeping the size in the width direction small.

The energized heating glass 10 works, for example, as follows. Here, as an example, a case where the energized heating glass 10 is applied to the front panel of an automobile will be described.
That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the energizing heating glass 10 is arranged at the position of the front panel of the automobile. At this time, the power supply 40 is connected to the power supply connection wiring 23 via the switch 50, and the bus bar electrode. The heat generating conductor 22 can be heated via the 21. In this embodiment, the existing battery in the automobile is used as the power source 40. When the switch 50 is closed, current is supplied from the power supply 40. Since the first panel 11 and the second panel 12 of the heating conductor 22 are heated by the heat generated by Joule, the temperature of the energized heating glass 10 that functions as the front panel rises, and freezing and fogging are eliminated. In the present invention, since the heating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrode are connected in the above-described manner, disconnection during and after manufacturing can be prevented, and the energized heating glass can be reliably operated.

10 Energizing heating glass 11 First panel 12 Adhesive layer 14 Adhesive layer 15 Second panel 20 Heating electrode device 21 Bus bar electrode 22 Heat-generating conductor 22a Connection part 24 Base material layer 40 Power supply

Claims (6)

A heating electrode device that energizes and heats glass.
Multiple busbar electrodes extending at predetermined intervals,
A heating conductor composed of a plurality of wires arranged so as to pass the plurality of the bus bar electrodes.
In the connection portion of the heat generating conductor with the bus bar electrode, the surface connected to the bus bar electrode is a surface formed by the width and thickness of the heat generating conductor, and the area of the connecting surface is the connection of the heat generating conductor. The cross-sectional area is formed larger than the part other than the surface to be used .
The cross-sectional area changes in the vicinity of the connecting portion, and the connecting surface has a larger cross-sectional area than any other portion of the heating conductor .
Heating electrode device. The pitch of the plurality of the heating conductor is P, the other surface on the opposite side of the surface area S _B per length 0.01m in plan view of one surface in the thickness direction of the heating _conductor, said one surface when the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of an _{S T,}
0.5 mm ≤ P ≤ 5.00 mm
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
The heating electrode device according to claim 1. The heating conductor, in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction, the magnitude of the S _B side edges and W _B, when the magnitude of the S _T side edge was W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm, and 1μm ≦ _{W T} ≦ 12μm heating electrode device according to claim 2 is,. Has a transparent substrate layer,
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat generating conductor is arranged on one surface of the base material layer, and the one surface of the heat generating conductor is in contact with the surface of the base material layer. Heating electrode device. With a transparent first panel
A transparent second panel that is spaced apart from the first panel,
An energizing heating glass comprising the heating electrode device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is arranged at the distance between the first panel and the second panel. A vehicle including the energized heating glass according to claim 5.

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