JP6834176B2 - Heating electrode device, energizing heating panel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heating electrode device including a heating electrode device including a heating conductor that generates heat by Joule heat when energized, and an energizing heating panel using the heating electrode device.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the glass windows of vehicles such as automobiles, railroads, aircraft, and ships, and the glass windows of buildings are heated by energizing to freeze the glass windows. There is a technology to eliminate cloudiness. Such a glass window is configured by providing a heating electrode device between two glass plates. The heating electrode device has a pair of bus bar electrodes arranged apart from each other, and a plurality of linear heat generating conductors arranged so as to pass between the pair of bus bar electrodes, and the pair of bus bar electrodes. By connecting a power supply to the bus, the heat-generating conductor can be energized, and the heat-generating conductor can be heated to heat the glass window.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-72674 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-207718 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-56811

As described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the conventional heat-generating conductor often uses a tungsten wire having a cross section orthogonal to the extending direction of the heat-generating conductor wire, that is, a tungsten wire having a circular cross section as the main cut surface.

Here, since the tungsten wire has a circular cross section, it is necessary to increase the wire diameter when increasing the cross-sectional area in order to improve the heat generation performance (high output).

As described above, conventionally, if it is attempted to increase the cross-sectional area of the heat-generating conductor, the diameter of the circular cross section must be increased, and there is a problem that the width of the heat-generating conductor increases and the heat-generating conductor is visually recognized.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heating electrode device that efficiently increases the cross-sectional area while suppressing an increase in the width of the heat generating conductor and is difficult to see even at a high output. Further, an energizing heating panel having this heating electrode device is provided.

The present invention will be described below. Reference numerals in the drawings are added here for ease of understanding, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The invention according to claim 1 is a heating electrode device (20) that energizes and heats a panel, from only a plurality of metals that have a rectangular cross section and extend and are arranged in a direction different from the extending direction. The heat-generating conductor (22) is provided, and the heat-generating conductor has a thickness of H, which is the size in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction, in a cross section orthogonal to the extending direction, and the larger of the sides parallel to the arrangement direction. when the size of the side W _B, and,
H / W _B ≤ 1.0
With it, are arrayed at a pitch P along the direction in which the bus bar electrode extends, the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of one surface in the thickness direction of the heating conductor S _B, of the one surface when the surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of the other surface on the opposite side to the S _T,
0.5 mm ≤ P ≤ 5.00 mm
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
Der is, the heating conductor, in a cross section perpendicular to extending direction, when the edges size is W _B in which the magnitude of the opposite sides and W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm and,
1μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12μm, Ru der, to solve the above problems by heating the electrode device.

The invention according to claim 2 has a transparent base material layer (24), the heat generating conductor (22) is arranged on one surface of the base material layer, and one surface of the heat generating conductor is the base. The heating electrode device according to claim 1, which is in contact with the surface of the material layer.

The invention according to claim 3 has a transparent first panel (11), a transparent second panel (15) arranged at intervals from the first panel, and a first panel. The energization heating panel (10) comprising the heating electrode device (20) according to claim 1 or 2 , which is arranged at a distance between the second panel and the second panel.

According to the present invention, in a heating electrode device and an energization heating panel using the heating electrode device, a large cross-sectional area can be obtained even if the width is the same as that of a heat-generating conductor having a circular cross section, for example. That is, it is possible to efficiently increase the cross-sectional area while suppressing an increase in the width of the heat-generating conductor, and to make it difficult to visually recognize the heat-generating conductor while obtaining a high output. At that time, the required heat-generating conductor is not necessarily thickened, and the effect is achieved in a shape that is easy to manufacture.

FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating an energization heating panel 10 according to one embodiment, FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of a heating conductor 22L which is an example of a heating conductor 22, and FIG. 1C is a heat generation. It is an enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22M which is another example of a conductor 22. It is sectional drawing explaining the layer structure of the energization heating panel 10. It is a perspective view explaining the heating electrode device 20. It is a figure explaining the form of a heating conductor 22. 5 (a) to 5 (d) are views for explaining a method of manufacturing the energization heating panel 10.

The above-mentioned actions and gains of the present invention will be clarified from the forms described below. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms. In addition, each member appearing in the drawing may be exaggerated or deformed in size or shape from the viewpoint of easy understanding.

FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating one form, and is a conceptual view of the energization heating panel 10 in a plan view. Further, FIG. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of the portion shown by Ia in FIG. 1 (a), and is an enlarged view of the heat-generating conductor 22L, which is one example of the heat-generating conductor 22. FIG. 1 (c) is an enlarged view of the portion shown by Ia in FIG. 1 (a), and is an enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22M which is another example of the heat generating conductor 22.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. 1 and is a diagram for explaining the layer structure of the energization heating panel 10 in the thickness direction.
Such an energizing heating panel 10 is provided in an automobile as, for example, a windshield of the automobile. In addition, it can be used as a window where it has a so-called glass window, and examples thereof include windows of vehicles such as automobiles, railways, aircraft, and ships, and windows of buildings.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the energization heating panel 10 has a plate shape as a whole, and a plurality of layers are laminated in the thickness direction (Z-axis direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). More specifically, the energization heating panel 10 of the present embodiment includes a first panel 11, an adhesive layer 12, a heating electrode device 20, an adhesive layer 14, and a second panel 15 as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. Has been done. Each will be described below.

The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 are translucent, that is, transparent plate-shaped members, and are arranged substantially in parallel with a space between the plate surfaces arranged so as to face each other. There is. It is a so-called double panel structure. Here, the plate surface is, in FIG. 2, two opposing planes parallel to the XY plane among the surfaces of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15. A part of the base material layer 24 and the heating electrode device 20 is arranged between the first panel 11 and the second panel 15, and is integrated by the adhesive layers 12 and 14.
The first panel 11 and the second panel 15 can be made of flat glass. For this, the same flat glass as that normally used for windows in equipment to which the energization heating panel 10 is applied (for example, a vehicle or a building) can be used. Examples thereof include ordinary plate glass made of soda lime glass (blue plate glass), borosilicate glass (white plate glass), quartz glass, soda glass, potash glass and the like, float plate glass, tempered plate glass, partial plate glass and the like. Further, if necessary, it may have a curved portion in a three-dimensional curved surface.
However, it does not necessarily have to be a glass plate, and may be a resin plate made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin. However, flat glass is preferable from the viewpoint of weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency and the like.
The thickness of the first panel 11 and the second panel 15 is not particularly limited, but is generally 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The adhesive layer 12 is a layer made of an adhesive laminated on the surface of the first panel 11 on the side of the second panel 15, and adheres the base material layer 24 and the first panel 11. The adhesive is not particularly limited, but a polyvinyl butyral resin can be used from the viewpoints of adhesiveness, weather resistance, heat resistance and the like.
The thickness of the adhesive layer 12 is not particularly limited, but is generally 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

The heating electrode device 20 is configured to generate heat when energized to heat the energized heating panel 10. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the heating electrode device 20.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the heating electrode device 20 has a bus bar electrode 21, a heat generating conductor 22, a power supply connection wiring 23, and a base material layer 24. For convenience, the base material layer 24 will be described first here.

The base material layer 24 is a layer in which the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 of the heating electrode device 20 are arranged on one surface thereof and function as a base material of the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22. The base material layer 24 is a transparent plate-shaped member and is made of resin. The resin forming the base material layer 24 may be any resin as long as it transmits a wavelength in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm), but a thermoplastic resin can be preferably used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (A-PET), polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene and cyclic polyolefin, and acrylic resins such as polymethylmethacrylate. , Cellulosic resin such as triacetyl cellulose (cellulose triacetate), polycarbonate resin, polystyrene, styrene resin such as acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and the like. In particular, acrylic resin and polyvinyl chloride are preferable because they are excellent in etching resistance, weather resistance, and light resistance. The thickness of the base material layer 24 is generally 20 μm or more and 300 μm or less. The resin layer constituting the base material layer 24 is uniaxially or biaxially stretched as needed.

In the present embodiment, the bus bar electrode 21 is formed of the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b each have a band shape extending in one direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1), and the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b have a distance and are in the same direction. It is arranged so as to extend (almost parallel to).
Known forms can be applied to the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b, and the width of the strip-shaped electrode is generally 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

The heat generating conductor 22 is arranged so as to extend in a direction intersecting with both bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b (Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) so as to pass the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. Then, the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b are electrically connected by the heat generating conductor 22. The heat generating conductor 22 generates heat when energized.
A plurality of such heat generating conductors 22 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b.

The heat generating conductor 22 has the following shape. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the portion shown by IV in FIG.
In the present embodiment, the heat-generating conductor 22 has a cross section orthogonal to the direction in which the heat-generating conductor 22 extends, that is, the size of the larger side of the two sides parallel to the direction in which the plurality of heat-generating conductors 22 are arranged on the main cut surface. was the width W _B of (the side in contact with the base layer 24 in this embodiment), the direction in which a plurality of heating conductor 22 is perpendicular to the direction in which the sequence (the thickness direction of the heating electrode device 20, Z-axis direction in FIG. 2) When the size of the heat-generating conductor 22 is H,
(H / W _B ) ≤ 1.0
It is said that. That width W _B is the same or larger the thickness H. According to this, as will be described later, even when the heat generating conductor 22 is formed by etching, it becomes easy to produce.

Further heating conductor 22, in the thickness direction of the heating electrode device 20, one side surface area S _B per length 0.01m viewed from above the surface of (the base layer 24 in this embodiment) of the heating conductor _22, the when the surface area S _T per length viewed in plane 0.01m to the surface opposite,
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
Is established. Here, the "length" means the distance between one end and the other end of the extending heat-generating conductor 22 as represented by L in FIG. More preferably
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 15000μm 2
Is.
According to this, when produced in not viewed the heating conductor 22 width, the cross-sectional area of the main cross the same width _{W B,} compared with the case of the triangle and _S B _-S T> _15000μm ² trapezoidal Therefore, it is possible to obtain a larger output, and even if the visible light transmittance of the energization heating panel 10 is the same, a higher output can be obtained. Rectangle (rectangle, _{i.e., S B -S T = 0μm 2} ) Although an ideal if it is possible to produce, be produced by etching, etching (corrosion) during processing in the nature of a so-called side etching of the unavoidable difficulties is there.

While satisfying the above range, it is preferable to configure the other parts as follows. Reference numerals are given to FIG. 4 for explanation.
The distance B between the adjacent heating conductors 22 shown by B in FIG. 4 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less. It is more preferably 1.0 mm or more, still more preferably 1.25 mm or more.
Further, in the cross section, the W _B, and when the length of the opposite side was W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm, and 1μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12μm
It is preferable that
In addition, this cross section is a surface cut so as to be the smallest cross section at the site. Further, when unevenness is formed on the surface of the heat generating conductor 22, the cross section of the minimum area including the unevenness shall be considered.
Further, the thickness H of the heat generating conductor 22 is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less.

Further, it is preferable that the heat-generating conductor 22 has a pitch P of 0.5 mm or more and 5.00 mm or less with the adjacent heat-generating conductor 22. When the pitch P is made smaller than 0.5 mm, the plurality of heat generating conductors 22 are densely arranged so that they can be easily visually recognized. It is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.25 mm or more. On the other hand, if the pitch P is larger than 5.00 mm, the uniform heating performance may deteriorate.

As the conductor material constituting the heat generating conductor 22, for example, a metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, copper, silver, platinum, aluminum, or an alloy containing these metals such as nickel-chromium alloy, bronze, and brass is patterned by etching. A band-shaped member formed and formed can be mentioned.

In this embodiment, the heat-generating conductor 22 is composed of stripes and is formed in a parallel straight line group as shown by reference numeral 22L in the enlarged drawing of the heat-generating conductor 22 shown in FIG. 1 (b). In addition, in the enlarged view of the heat generating conductor 22 shown in FIG. 1 (c), it may be formed in a band shape and a wavy line shape as shown by reference numeral 22M.

As can be seen from FIG. 1A, the power supply connection wiring 23 is a wiring for connecting the power supply 40 between the first bus bar electrode 21a and the second bus bar electrode 21b. The power supply 40 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply electric power necessary for melting or evaporating water droplets (cloudiness), freezing (frost), etc., and is known to have an appropriate voltage, current, or frequency. However, when the energizing heating panel 10 is applied to an automobile, a battery such as a lead storage battery or a lithium ion storage battery already installed in the automobile can be used as the DC power source as the power source 40. .. At this time, for example, the second bus bar electrode 21b can be connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the first bus bar electrode 21a can be connected to the negative electrode. Of course, a dedicated power source (battery, generator, etc.) may be used separately. Further, in the case of a railroad vehicle powered by an electric motor, the DC or AC power supplied from the overhead wire can be converted into an appropriate voltage and current for use.
A known configuration may be applied to such a power supply connection wiring 23.

The adhesive layer 14 is a layer for adhering the base material layer 24 including the bus bar electrode 21 and the heat generating conductor 22 to the second panel 15. The adhesive layer 14 can have the same structure as the adhesive layer 12.

With each of the above configurations, the energization heating panel 10 is formed as follows. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the adhesive layer 12 is laminated on one surface of the first panel 11, and the base material layer 24 is laminated on the first panel 11 via the adhesive layer 12. Further, the heating electrode device 20 is arranged on the surface of the base material layer 24 opposite to the side on which the adhesive layer 12 is arranged. Although the second panel 15 is arranged on the side of the heating electrode device 20 opposite to the side on which the base material layer 24 is arranged, the base layer 24 and the heating electrode device 20 and the second panel 15 are separated from each other. The adhesive layer 14 is arranged so as to fill it. As a result, the second panel 15 is laminated on the base material layer 24 and the heating electrode device 20.

Such a heating electrode device 20 and an energization heating panel 10 including the heating electrode device 20 can be manufactured as follows, for example. Figures 5 (a) to 5 (d) are shown for explanation.

First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a laminate is produced in which a metal foil 22'is laminated on a base material layer 24 made of a resin film via an adhesive layer.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the photosensitive resist layer 80 is coated and formed on the metal leaf 22'of the laminated body.

Next, a desired pattern, for example, a light-shielding pattern based on a plan view pattern of a heating electrode device 20 including a heat-generating conductor 22 and a bus bar electrode 21a and 21b having a parallel arrangement pattern of strip-shaped straight lines as shown in FIG. 1 (b). Prepare a photomask with. Then, the photomask is placed in close contact with the photosensitive resist layer 80. Then, it is exposed to ultraviolet rays through the photomask to remove the photomask, and then the unexposed photosensitive resist layer is dissolved and removed by a known development process to match the desired pattern 80a as shown in FIG. 5C. A resist pattern layer 80'of shape is formed on the metal foil 22'.
Here, in FIG. 5C, the position and size of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed are represented by broken lines and light ink with reference to the reference. As can be seen from FIG. 5C, in this example, the distance from the edge of the resist pattern 80a formed on the resist pattern layer 80'to the edge of the heat generating conductor 22 to be formed is C. ing. And this C is preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less. Thereby, the heat generating conductor 22 having the above-described form can be obtained by etching.

Next, the laminate is etched (corroded) with a corrosive liquid from above the resist pattern layer 80', and the resist pattern layer 80'metal foil 22'is corroded and removed as shown in FIG. 5 (d). Then, the resist pattern layer is dissolved and removed (defilmed). Thus, a laminated member in which the heating conductor 22 and the bus bar electrodes 21a and 21b having a predetermined pattern of the plan view shape of FIG. 1A and the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2 are formed on the base material layer 24 is manufactured.

In the present invention, since the cross section of the heat generating conductor 22 is defined as described above, the heat generating conductor 22 can be formed with high productivity.

Next, the first panel 11, the adhesive layer 12, the laminated member composed of the base material layer 24 and the heating electrode placement 20, the adhesive layer 14, and the second panel 15 are laminated in this order, and these plurality of layers are adhered and laminated to be integrated. To become.
Through the above steps, the energization heating panel 10 shown in the plan view of FIG. 1A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 is manufactured.

According to the energization heating panel 10 described above, a heat-generating conductor having a cross-sectional shape close to a rectangle can be obtained by etching, and the heat-generating conductor having a trapezoidal cross section having a large difference between the upper base and the lower base can be obtained in the width direction. It is possible to increase the thickness and increase the cross-sectional area while keeping the size of the trapezoid small.

The energization heating panel 10 is used and operates as follows, for example. Here, as an example, a case where the energization heating panel 10 is applied to the front panel of an automobile will be described.
That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the energizing heating panel 10 is arranged at the position of the front panel of the automobile. In this case, the power supply 40 is connected to the power supply connection wiring 23 via the switch 50, and the bus bar electrode. The heat generating conductor 22 can be heated through the 21. In this embodiment, the existing battery in the automobile is used as the power source 40. When the switch 50 is closed, current is supplied from the power supply 40. Since the first panel 11 and the second panel 12 of the heating conductor 22 are heated by the heat generated by Joule heat, the temperature of the energizing heating panel 10 functioning as the front panel rises, and freezing and fogging are eliminated. In the present invention, since the heat generation can be increased by making the cross section of the heat generating conductor 22 large, freezing and fogging can be eliminated more quickly.

10 Energizing heating panel 11 1st panel 12 Adhesive layer 14 Adhesive layer 15 2nd panel 20 Heating electrode device 21 Busbar electrode 22 Heat generating conductor 24 Base material layer 40 Power supply

Claims (3)

A heating electrode device that energizes and heats the panel.
A heating conductor consisting of only a plurality of metals, which extends with a quadrangular cross section and is arranged in a direction different from the extending direction.
In the cross section orthogonal to the extending direction, the heat-generating conductor has a thickness of H, which is the size in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction, and W is the size of the larger side of the sides parallel to the arrangement direction. _{When B} ,
H / W _B ≤ 1.0
And at the same time
A plurality of bus bar electrodes are arranged at a pitch P along the extending direction, and the surface area per 0.01 m in length in a plan view of one surface in the thickness direction of the heat generating conductor is SB, which is the opposite side of the one surface. the other surface area per length 0.01m in plan view of the surface when the S _T comprising,
0.5 mm ≤ P ≤ 5.00 mm
^{_{0μm 2 <S B -S T ≦}} 30000μm 2
Der is,
Said heating conductor, in a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction, when the sides of the size becomes the W _B in which the magnitude of the opposite sides and W _{T,
W B>} W T,
3μm ≦ _{W B} ≦ 15μm and,
1μm ≦ W _T ≦ 12μm heating electrode device which it is. Has a transparent substrate layer,
The heating electrode device according to claim 1, wherein the heating conductor is arranged on one surface of the base material layer, and the one surface of the heat generating conductor is in contact with the surface of the base material layer. With a transparent first panel
A transparent second panel that is spaced apart from the first panel,
An energizing heating panel comprising the heating electrode device according to claim 1 or 2 , which is arranged at the distance between the first panel and the second panel.

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