JP2018127811A - Umbrella body for vertical shaft and method of backfilling around vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve work efficiency of backfilling when filling the space between a cylindrical structure 3 and a soil retaining wall 1 surrounding the same, after forming a shaft 4 by building the cylindrical structure 3 in an underground working space 2 excavated surrounded with the soil retaining wall 1.SOLUTION: An upper end of the cylindrical structure 3 is covered with an umbrella body 10 projecting upward, for example, a quadrangular pyramid shape. As a result, sediment for backfilling can be equally distributed by putting the sediment for backfilling on the umbrella body 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a shaft umbrella used for backfilling between a cylindrical structure forming a shaft and a retaining wall surrounding the structure (around the shaft), and the umbrella body It relates to a backfilling method around a shaft.

  The vertical shaft referred to in this specification includes water collection or condensate wells, manholes for accessing underground sewers and various cable pipes, and the like.

  When constructing a shaft such as a well or manhole with a tubular (cylindrical or square tubular) structure, the tubular structure is built in the underground work space that has been excavated by surrounding the retaining wall, A desired shaft is formed by the structure. Thereafter, the space between the cylindrical structure forming the shaft and the earth retaining wall surrounding it is backfilled.

  At the time of backfilling around the shaft, conventionally, the top end of the cylindrical structure forming the shaft is covered with a flat lid (for example, a veneer plate) so as to close the opening, and the backfill is performed in this state. Is going. This is to prevent backfill earth and sand from entering the shaft.

  At this time, if the earth and sand are thrown in at a stroke from a dump truck or using an excavator, the earth and sand will pile up on the lid, and the lid will be damaged due to insufficient strength, or the accumulated soil will suddenly collapse. And backfilling is biased. In addition, when a person breaks down the pile of sedimentary soil, this work is dangerous because a person rides on the sedimentary soil to perform removal work.

  Thus, conventionally, a popper-like chute called “butterfly chute” is used, and the lower end of the chute is inserted into the gap between the cylindrical structure and the retaining wall, and the earth and sand are poured. However, even if it is thrown from one place, it cannot be thrown evenly. Therefore, it is necessary to throw in little by little while moving the chute and changing the throwing position. Therefore, it took time to backfill, and the work efficiency was poor.

  In addition, Patent Document 1 discloses a flat plate-like manhole cover, and as a heat insulating middle cover, a surface is formed with an inclined surface radially from the center of the circle toward the periphery of the circle. It is disclosed. This inclined surface is for flowing down water caused by snow melting flowing into the surface of the lid.

Utility Model Registration No. 3032908

  The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned background art, and provides an umbrella body for a shaft and a backfilling method around the shaft that can improve the work efficiency of backfilling around the shaft. Let it be an issue.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a top end of the tubular structure when the tubular structure forming the shaft and the earth retaining wall surrounding the structure are backfilled. As an umbrella body that covers the shaft, an umbrella body for a shaft that is convex upward is provided.

  Here, the umbrella body may be installed in a lid shape in close contact with the top end so as to almost completely close the opening at the top end, or installed above the top end and opened from the top. The cover may be covered so that there is a gap when viewed from the side.

  In the present invention, as a backfilling method between the cylindrical structure forming the shaft and the earth retaining wall surrounding the structure (around the shaft), the top of the cylindrical structure is directed upward. It is proposed to put back a space between the cylindrical structure and the retaining wall after covering with a convex umbrella.

  According to the present invention, since the vertical shaft is convex upward, for example, a backfill material (generally earth and sand) is put on the umbrella at a stretch using a dump truck or a shovel. However, since the umbrella is convex upward and is inclined downward from the central part of the umbrella toward the outer edge, the backfilling material does not accumulate on the umbrella, in all directions. Almost evenly distributed and evenly backfilled between the cylindrical structure and the retaining wall. Therefore, the work efficiency of backfilling can be greatly improved.

Longitudinal sectional view of a shaft under construction shown as an embodiment of the present invention Same as above Plan view and cross-sectional view of a vertical shaft umbrella Longitudinal section during backfilling Plan view during backfilling Longitudinal sectional view during backfill showing another embodiment

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shaft under construction as an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

  With reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the construction procedure of the vertical shaft (for example, well for water collection or condensate) in this embodiment is demonstrated.

(1) Construction of earth retaining wall The earth retaining wall 1 is constructed in the ground so as to enclose a planned construction site of a vertical shaft (for example, a well) in a rectangular shape. The earth retaining wall 1 is generally constructed of a steel sheet pile, but may be constructed of an integral casing.

(2) Excavation After the earth retaining wall 1 is constructed, the inside of the earth retaining wall 1 is excavated to a predetermined depth with a club or the like. Thereby, the work space 2 surrounded by the earth retaining wall 1 is formed in the ground.

(3) Construction of a shaft A cylindrical structure 3 is built in the center of the work space 2 to construct a shaft 4. When the vertical shaft 4 is a well, the cylindrical structure 3 is constructed by stacking ring-shaped pipes with slits so that groundwater can be collected and condensed. This laminating operation may be performed on site or a layer laminated on the ground may be brought into the ground. When the vertical shaft 4 is a manhole, it can be constructed by installing a tubular structure 3 made of precast concrete. During construction of the shaft 4, a scaffold 5 including a ladder and a landing is appropriately installed inside the shaft 4.

(4) Backfilling around the shaft After the shaft 4 is constructed, the space around the shaft 4, that is, the space between the cylindrical structure 3 and the retaining wall 1 (work space 2) is backfilled.

The backfilling work around the shaft will be described in more detail.
First, a vertical shaft umbrella used for backfilling will be described with reference to FIG.
3A and 3B show a vertical shaft umbrella. FIG. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

  The shaft umbrella 10 is covered with the top of the cylindrical structure 3 forming the shaft 4 in an umbrella shape to cover the top, and in the present embodiment, has a quadrangular pyramid shape, It has four inclined surfaces 11-14 which incline downward toward the outer edge from the part. Therefore, it can be manufactured by welding four triangular iron plates. In addition, the center part (top part) may have a flat quadrangular frustum shape.

  It is desirable that the vertical shaft umbrella 10 has position fixing means for the cylindrical structure 3 so as not to fall by an external force from the lateral direction when it is put on the top of the cylindrical structure 3. In the example of FIG. 3, a plurality of engagement leg portions 15 project from the rear surface of the umbrella body 10, and the position can be fixed by engaging these engagement leg portions 15 with the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical structure 3. It is said. As the position fixing means, a method of temporarily fixing the cylindrical structure 3 with a bolt or the like may be used, or a method of fixing to the scaffold 5 instead of the structure 3 may be used.

Although not shown, a handle or a hook may be provided on the top of the umbrella body 10 having a quadrangular pyramid shape or a quadrangular pyramid shape so that the umbrella 10 can be lifted by a crane or the like.
The material of the umbrella body 10 may be made of iron plate, wooden or resin.

Next, the backfilling work around the shaft will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view at the time of backfilling (when an umbrella is attached), and FIG. 5 is a plan view at the time of backfilling.

  After the shaft 4 is constructed by the cylindrical structure 3, before the backfill around the shaft 4, a quadrangular pyramid-shaped umbrella body 10 is installed at the top of the cylindrical structure 3 so as to close the opening. Put it in an umbrella shape. This is to prevent earth and sand for backfill from entering the shaft 4. Further, the umbrella body 10 is fixed in position by being engaged with or temporarily fixed to the cylindrical structure 3 so that the umbrella body 10 does not fall due to an external force from the lateral direction.

  In addition, the umbrella body 10 is installed such that the inclined directions of the inclined surfaces 11 to 14 (directions of white arrows in FIG. 5) are directed toward the corners of the work space 2 surrounded by the rectangular earth retaining wall 1. In other words, the umbrella body 10 is installed in a state rotated by 45 °. Alternatively, the ridge line of the quadrangular pyramid is directed to the panel surface of the retaining wall 1.

  By putting earth and sand for backfilling onto the umbrella body 10 from a state in which the umbrella body 10 is covered, from a dump truck, or using an excavator, a crumb, a backhoe, etc., the cylindrical structure 3 and this Backfilling with the surrounding earth retaining wall 1 is performed.

  At this time, since the shaft body 10 for the shaft is convex upward, the umbrella body 10 is convex upward even if earth and sand for backfilling are thrown onto the umbrella body 10 at a stretch. Since it is inclined downward from the central part of the body 10 toward the outer edge, the earth and sand are distributed almost uniformly in all directions without accumulating on the umbrella body 10, and the cylindrical structure 3 and the soil It is backfilled evenly between the retaining walls 1. Therefore, it is desirable that the earth and sand for backfilling be introduced from above the umbrella body 10 toward the top (center) of the top surface of the umbrella body 10.

Moreover, the plurality of inclined surfaces 11 to 14 of the umbrella body 10 are installed toward the corners of the rectangular work space 2 surrounded by the earth retaining wall 1, so that the entire rectangular space is more evenly refilled. It can be performed.
Therefore, by using the umbrella body 10 as described above, the work efficiency of backfilling can be greatly improved.

  In particular, when a road ramp or underpass (shallow part), such as a road wall or frame, is a structure that blocks groundwater, a large number of drainage wells on one side of the road are used for shallow water flow construction. A large number of condensate wells are provided on the other side, and groundwater collected on the catchment well side is pumped to the condensate well side for condensate. In such a case, since the number of collection wells and condensate wells is extremely large, the improvement in the work efficiency of backfilling described above leads to a significant reduction in the work time of backfilling in the entire shallow water flow work. , Can exert a significant manpower reduction effect.

The earth and sand that has been backfilled is compacted by a compacting machine as necessary after completion of backfilling or whenever a predetermined amount is backfilled during backfilling.
Further, the construction of the shaft 4 by the tubular structure 3 and the backfilling may be performed alternately. That is, the tubular structure 3 may be constructed by adding a construction method from the bottom to the top, and backfilling (and rolling) may be performed each time a predetermined height is constructed.

Examples of the backfilling material include soil (sandy soil, viscous soil), fluidized soil, filter material (salted sand), and the like.
Filter material for backfilling cannot be rolled. For this reason, water can be tightened by dropping water onto the umbrella-shaped umbrella body 10 after the filter material is introduced. Therefore, the umbrella-shaped umbrella body 10 is useful also at this time, and it does not take time and effort.

  The shaft 10 for a shaft is described as a quadrangular pyramid shape or a quadrangular frustum shape in the above description. If it is. Moreover, it is not essential that it is symmetrical.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the vertical shaft umbrella body 10 is installed in a lid shape in close contact with the top end so as to almost completely close the opening at the top end of the tubular structure 3. However, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the vertical shaft umbrella body 10 may be installed above the tubular structure 3 and separated from the top end by using the engagement leg portion 15. That is, when viewed from above, the umbrella body 10 covers the opening at the top, but when viewed from the side, there may be a gap between the umbrella 10 and the top. In this case, the gap in the vertical direction may be widened to allow people to enter and exit the shaft 4 with the umbrella body 10 installed. Further, although allowing people to enter and exit, this gap may be covered with a blue sheet 16 that can be opened and closed in order to prevent unexpected intrusion of earth and sand.

  As described above, the illustrated embodiment is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described directly, and various modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims. Needless to say, this includes improvements and changes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Earth retaining wall 2 Work space 3 Cylindrical structure 4 Vertical shaft (for example, well)
5 Scaffolding 10 Umbrellas 11-14 for shafts Inclined surface 15 Engaging leg (position fixing means)
16 Blue seat

Claims (6)

An umbrella that covers the top end of the tubular structure during backfilling between the tubular structure forming the shaft and the earth retaining wall surrounding the structure,
A vertical shaft umbrella characterized by an upward convexity.   The shaft umbrella according to claim 1, wherein the umbrella body has a cone shape or a truncated cone shape inclined downward from a central portion toward an outer edge portion. A backfilling method between a cylindrical structure forming a shaft and a retaining wall surrounding the structure,
Backfilling around a vertical shaft characterized by covering the top end of the tubular structure with an upwardly protruding umbrella and then filling back between the tubular structure and the retaining wall. Method.   The said umbrella body is the cone shape or frustum shape which inclines downward toward the outer edge part from a center part, The backfilling method of the circumference | surroundings of a vertical shaft of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The umbrella has a pyramid shape or a truncated pyramid shape having a plurality of inclined surfaces, and each inclined surface is installed toward a corner of a work space surrounded by the earth retaining wall. Item 5. The backfilling method around the shaft according to item 4.   The backfilling method around the shaft according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a backfilling material is thrown toward the top of the upper surface of the umbrella body.