JP2018095240A - Fender body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fender body capable of being provided with both buffering performance by high resilience and buffering performance by high compression stress.SOLUTION: A fender body is provided with a buffer body 10, the buffer body 10 includes a first foaming layer and a second foaming layer layered on the first foaming layer, the buffer body 10 has compression stress which is equal to or more than 0.23 MPa at 50% deformation and the compression permanent set in a compression set test according to JISK6767(2002) is equal to or less than 10% after 24 hours of compression. A first foaming layer is a foaming body of styrene modified polyolefin resin with expansion ratio between 20 and 60 times, a second foaming layer is a foaming body of polyolefin resin with expansion ratio between 10 and 30 times, and the ratio of the thickness of the first foaming layer to the second foaming layer is between 0.2 and 5.0.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fender.

  When a ship at the berth or a moored ship is shaken by a wave or wind, or when ships collide while sailing, the fender attached to the hull suppresses damage to the hull. As an example of such a fender, the fender of patent document 1 is provided with the buffer which is a foam.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-53312

By the way, in the buffer body of patent document 1, lower polyolefin resin is used for a foam. Lower polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene have a high restoring force in the range of restoring force required for the fender, while having a low compressive stress in the range of compressive stress required for the fender. For this reason, when an impact is applied to the shock absorber from the outside of the fender, the shock absorber may be excessively deformed, leaving room for improvement in mitigating the shock to the hull. And since the resilience and compressive stress in the resin used for the foam are not limited to lower polyolefin resins, the other has a so-called trade-off tendency that the other becomes lower, so the buffer provided in the fender However, it is difficult to improve the performance of mitigating the impact on the hull.
The objective of this invention is providing the fender which made it possible to combine the relaxation performance by a high restoring force, and the relaxation performance by a high compressive stress.

  A fender for solving the above-mentioned problem is a fender provided with a shock absorber, the shock absorber including a first foam layer and a second foam layer overlapping the first foam layer, The compression body has a compressive stress at 50% strain of 0.23 MPa or more in a compression test according to JIS K6767 (2002). In the compression strain test according to JIS K6767 (2002), the compression set is 24 after compression. It is 10% or less in time.

  According to this configuration, when the first foam layer and the second foam layer overlap, the compression stress at 50% strain is 0.23 MPa or more, and the compression set is 10% or less 24 hours after compression. A buffer can be realized. Therefore, it is possible to combine the relaxation performance for buffering the impact from the outside to the hull and the relaxation performance for restoring the distortion caused by the impact.

  The first foam layer is a foam of a styrene-modified polyolefin resin having an expansion ratio of 20 to 60 times, and the second foam layer is a polyethylene resin having an expansion ratio of 10 to 30 times. It is a foam, It is preferable that the ratio of the thickness of the said 1st foam layer with respect to the thickness of the said 2nd foam layer is 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less.

  The first foam layer is a foam of a styrene-modified polyolefin resin having an expansion ratio of 20 to 50 times, and the second foam layer is a polyethylene resin having an expansion ratio of 10 to 15 times. More preferably, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer is 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less.

  According to this configuration, the buffer body can be restored to the thickness of the buffer body for exhibiting the mitigation performance of buffering the impact from the outside to the hull, and the replacement frequency of the fender can be reduced. Moreover, it can suppress that a buffer body compresses and deforms by the impact from the outside, and an impact is directly applied to a hull.

In the fender, the first foam layer has a compression set greater than 3% in 24 hours after compression in a compression strain test according to JIS K6767 (2002), and the second foam layer is JIS K6767 (2002). ), The compression set is preferably less than 3% in 24 hours after compression.
According to this configuration, when an impact is applied to the second foam layer from the outside of the fender, the second foam layer having a high restoring force can easily restore the distortion generated in the buffer body.

  The fender body further includes an exterior body that covers the buffer body, and a string body that attaches the buffer body and the exterior body to a hull, and the string body is between the buffer body and the exterior body. It is preferable to pass through the exterior body through.

According to this configuration, the impact on the string body from the outside of the fender body toward the outer surface of the exterior body is mitigated by the exterior body located outside the string body. Thereby, possibility that a string will be damaged or cut | disconnected by the impact from the exterior of a fender will be suppressed. Therefore, the fender can be prevented from falling off the hull.
In the fender, it is preferable that the first foam layer is a layer joined to the second foam layer and is located closer to the hull than the second foam layer.

  According to this configuration, since the first foam layer is positioned on the hull side with respect to the second foam layer, the first foam layer is restrained from receiving an impact directly from the outside of the hull. That is, when the fender is impacted from the outside of the hull, the second foam layer having a lower compressive stress receives the impact and presses the first foam layer having a higher compressive stress. Thereby, it is suppressed that a 1st foam layer and a 2nd foam layer peel.

  According to the said fender, it can have the relaxation performance by a high restoring force, and the relaxation performance by a high compressive stress.

The perspective view of the front side of one Embodiment of a fender. The perspective view of the back side of the fender of FIG. The side view of the ship with which the fender of FIG. 1 was attached. The perspective view of a buffer. The disassembled perspective view of an exterior body and the expand | deployed buffer body. The perspective view of a buffer body and the developed exterior body. The rear view of a fender. The figure which shows the relationship between the compressive stress and distortion amount of the buffer body of an Example and a comparative example. The perspective view of the exterior body in other embodiment with which the coupling body was attached. The side view of the exterior body in other embodiment with which the coupling body was attached.

(Embodiment)
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fender will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fender 1 includes a cushioning body 10 that is a foam, an exterior body 20 that covers the cushioning body 10, a plurality of string bodies 30 attached to the exterior body 20, and an exterior body In order to maintain the state where the body 20 covers the buffer body 10, a plurality of coupling bodies 40 that couple the ends of the exterior body 20 to each other are provided. In the present embodiment, the fender 1 includes three string bodies 30 and six connecting bodies 40 (only four are shown in FIG. 2). The string 30 has a belt shape. An example of the connection body 40 is a rope. In addition, the number of the string bodies 30 and the connection bodies 40 can be arbitrarily changed.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of a structure for attaching the fender 1 to the hull 110 of the ship 100. In FIG. 3, a plurality of fenders 1 are arranged on the bow portion 120 of the hull 110 from the bow side toward the stern side. In each fender 1, the first attachment portion 31 of the string body 30 is fixed to a bow rail 130 provided on the deck of the hull 110, and the second attachment portion 32 of the string body 30 is provided below the hull 110. It is fixed to the pole 140. Thus, when the ship 100 is berthing or when the ship 100 is shaken by waves or wind while the ship 100 is moored, the hull 110 and the berthing surface are between the hull 110 and the berthing surface. It is possible to prevent damage to the hull 110 and the berthing structure due to the pressing force and frictional force acting on each other. Further, when the ship 100 collides with another ship, the fender 1 can prevent the ship body 110 from being damaged by avoiding a direct collision between the ship 110 and the ship of another ship.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the exterior body 20 includes an inner surface portion 21 that is a portion for facing the hull 110, and an outer surface portion 22 opposite to the inner surface portion 21. The plurality of coupling bodies 40 are located closer to the inner surface portion 21 than the buffer body 10. The plurality of string bodies 30 are passed through the exterior body 20 through between the outer surface portion 22 and the buffer body 10.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the buffer body 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The dimensions of the buffer body 10 exemplified are a short side of 1000 mm, a long side of 1500 mm, and a thickness of 200 mm. The shock absorber 10 is a two-layer structure configured by a laminate of the first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12. When the shock absorber 10 is covered with the exterior body 20, the first foam layer 11 faces the inner surface of the inner surface portion 21 (see FIG. 2) of the exterior body 20, and the second foam layer 12 is the outer surface portion 22 (FIG. 1). (See). For this reason, in a state where the fender 1 is attached to the hull 110 (see FIG. 3), the first foam layer 11 is located closer to the hull 110 than the second foam layer 12. The shock absorber 10 has a relaxation performance due to a high compressive stress and a high restoring force. In a compression test according to JISK6767 (2002), the compressive stress at 50% strain is 0.23 MPa or more, and also JISK6767 ( In the compression strain test according to 2002), the compression set is 10% or less at 24 hours after compression.

  The first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer are foams of different materials, and the physical property value of the first foam layer 11 and the physical property value of the second foam layer 12 are different from each other. Specifically, when the first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12 have the same expansion ratio, the compressive stress of the first foam layer 11 is higher than the compressive stress of the second foam layer 12, and the second foam layer 12. Is higher than the restoring force of the first foam layer 11.

  The first foam layer 11 is a foam whose compression set is 3% or more 30 minutes and 24 hours after compression according to a compression strain test (JIS K6767: 2002) defined by Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). preferable. An example of the first foam layer 11 is a foam (bead method foam) formed by in-mold molding of foamable particles of thermoplastic resin, and has a styrene modification with a foaming ratio of 20 times or more and 60 times or less. Polyolefin resin foams are preferred. The styrene modified polyolefin resin is obtained by impregnating and polymerizing a polyolefin resin particle with a styrene monomer. Among the styrene modified polyolefin resins, a styrene modified polyethylene resin is preferable, for example, styrene The proportion of the components is 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50%. The first foamed layer 11 of the present embodiment is a foam of styrene-modified polyethylene resin having a foaming ratio of 30 times (Piocerain (registered trademark), manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.).

  The second foam layer 12 is preferably a foam whose compression set is less than 3% at 30 minutes and 24 hours after compression by a compression strain test (JIS K6767: 2002) defined by Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). . An example of the second foam layer 12 is a foam obtained by extruding a molten kneaded product of a polyolefin-based resin, a foaming agent and various additives into a plate shape and cooling, and has a foaming ratio of 10 times or more and 30 times. The following polyethylene resin foams are preferred. The polyethylene resin refers to a homopolymer of ethylene or a copolymer of ethylene and another monomer. Other monomers are vinyl acetate, propylene, styrene, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, butene, butadiene, hexene, methylpentene, octene, and the like. The other monomer component is 50% by weight or less. The ethylene homopolymer may be low density polyethylene or high density polyethylene. By comprising the 2nd foam layer 12 with such a material, while the 2nd foam layer 12 is excellent in a resilience and a weather resistance, it becomes difficult to burn. The second foam layer 12 of the present embodiment is a foam of polyethylene resin having a foaming ratio of 15 times (Lithron (registered trademark) board manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.).

  The ratio (T1 / T2) of the thickness T1 of the first foam layer 11 to the thickness T2 of the second foam layer 12 is preferably 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less. The thickness T1 is preferably thicker than the thickness T2 of the second foam layer 12. In the present embodiment, the ratio (T1 / T2) of the thickness T1 of the first foam layer 11 to the thickness T2 of the second foam layer 12 is 3.

  The first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12 are bonded through an adhesive. Any adhesive can be used as long as it can adhere the first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12, and a known adhesive can be used. Examples of adhesives include elastomeric adhesives, emulsion adhesives, thermosetting resin adhesives, hot melt adhesives, low melt adhesives, and elastomer adhesives that are excellent in adhesion and water resistance. Agents and low melt adhesives are preferred.

  Examples of the elastomer-based adhesive include a styrene butadiene rubber-based adhesive (manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., product number: GP clear). Examples of the low melt adhesive include an EVA adhesive (manufactured by 3M Japan Co., Ltd., product number: 3792-LMQ). Each of the elastomer-based adhesive and the low-melt adhesive may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may adhere the 1st foam layer 11 and the 2nd foam layer by heat sealing | fusion.

  In addition, the shape of the buffer body 10 can be arbitrarily changed. For example, the shape of the buffer 10 may be a cylinder. Moreover, the material of the 1st foamed layer 11 and the 2nd foamed layer 12, foaming magnification, thickness T1, T2 can be changed arbitrarily. For example, the thickness T1 of the first foam layer 11 may be equal to or less than the thickness T2 of the second foam layer 12.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the exterior body 20 includes a sheet 23 including an inner surface portion 21 and an outer surface portion 22. The sheet 23 is made of tarpaulin, for example. The sheet 23 includes a rectangular outer surface portion 22 constituting the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20, a pair of first side portions 24 extending from a pair of short sides in the outer surface portion 22, and a pair of long sides in the outer surface portion 22. It is comprised from a pair of 2nd side part 25 extended. In the following description, the direction along the long side of the sheet 23 is referred to as “lateral direction X”, and the direction along the short side of the sheet 23 is referred to as “vertical direction Y”.

  Three passage sheets 26 are fixed to the inner surface 22 a of the outer surface portion 22. The passage sheet 26 according to the present embodiment is sewn to the inner surface 22 a of the outer surface portion 22. The passage sheet 26 is made of tarpaulin, for example. The three passage sheets 26 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Y. The passage sheet 26 has a strip shape extending along the extending direction of the string body 30. The passage sheet 26 of the present embodiment has a length over the entire outer surface portion 22 in the lateral direction X. The passage sheet 26 defines a passage 26 a through which the string 30 is passed between the shock absorber 10 and the outer surface portion 22. In addition, the material which comprises the sheet | seat 26 for passages can be changed arbitrarily. For example, the material constituting the passage sheet 26 may be different from the material constituting the sheet 23. Moreover, the fixing method to the inner surface 22a of the outer surface part 22 of the channel | path sheet | seat 26 can be changed arbitrarily. For example, the passage sheet 26 may be fixed to the inner surface 22a of the outer surface portion 22 with an adhesive.

  A string insertion hole 24a is located in each of the portions corresponding to the three passage sheets 26 on the proximal end side of the first side portion 24. The string insertion hole 24a is a long hole whose longitudinal direction Y is the longitudinal direction. Three insertion holes 24 b are located at the distal end portion of the first side portion 24. The positions of the three insertion holes 24b are the same as the positions of the three string body insertion holes 24a in the vertical direction Y. The positions of the three insertion holes 24b are arbitrary setting items. For example, the positions of the three insertion holes 24b may be different from the three string body insertion holes 24a in the vertical direction Y.

  A hook-and-loop fastener portion 24 c is provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction Y on the inner surface of the first side portion 24. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 24 c is located near the tip end portion of the first side portion 24. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 24c has a strip shape extending in the lateral direction X.

  Three insertion holes 25 a are located at the distal end of the second side portion 25 with a gap in the lateral direction X. A hook-and-loop fastener portion 25 b is provided at both end portions in the lateral direction X on the outer surface of the second side portion 25. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 25 b is located near the tip of the second side portion 25. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 25b has a strip shape extending in the lateral direction X.

  The string bodies 30 are passed through the inner surface 22a side of the passage sheet 26 located on the inner surface 22a side of the outer surface portion 22, respectively. The string 30 is exposed to the outside of the exterior body 20 through the string insertion holes 24a on both sides. The string body 30 of the present embodiment is passed through the one string body insertion hole 24a, the passage 26a of the passage sheet 26, and the other string body insertion hole 24a in this order, and then folded back to the other string body insertion hole 24a. The passage 26a of the passage sheet 26 and the one string member insertion hole 24a are passed in this order. For this reason, the string body 30 exposed to the outside of the exterior body 20 from the one string body insertion hole 24a has both ends of the string body 30, and is exposed to the outside of the exterior body 20 from the other string body insertion hole 24a. The string 30 is formed in an annular shape. In this embodiment, the 1st attaching part 31 of the string 30 is a part exposed to the exterior of the exterior body 20 from one string insertion hole 24a, and the 2nd attaching part 32 of the string 30 is the other string. It is a part exposed to the exterior of the exterior body 20 from the body insertion hole 24a.

The exterior body 20 having such a configuration covers the buffer body 10 as follows.
As shown in FIG. 5, the buffer body 10 is placed on the inner surface 22 a of the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20. And the 2nd side part 25 is valley-folded centering | focusing on the inner edge along the horizontal direction X in the 2nd side part 25. FIG. Accordingly, the second side portion 25 covers the side surface in the lateral direction X of the buffer body 10.

  Next, the second side portion 25 is valley-folded around the valley fold line V <b> 2 along the horizontal direction X at the center of the second side portion 25. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, the 2nd side part 25 covers the inner surface which is a surface on the opposite side to the surface by the side of the 2nd foam layer 12 in the 1st foam layer 11. As shown in FIG. For this reason, the part which covers the inner surface of the 1st foam layer 11 in the 2nd side part 25 comprises the inner surface part 21 of the exterior body 20. FIG. That is, in the second side portion 25, the portion on the tip side from the valley fold line V <b> 2 (see FIG. 5) constitutes the inner surface portion 21. At this time, the hook-and-loop fastener portion 25 b of the second side portion 25 is located on the inner surface portion 21. And the connection body 40 is passed through the insertion hole 25a corresponding to the longitudinal direction Y of the insertion holes 25a of the pair of second side portions 25, and both ends of the connection body 40 are connected to each other.

  Next, the first side portion 24 is folded around the inner edge along the longitudinal direction Y in the first side portion 24. Accordingly, the first side portion 24 covers the side surface in the vertical direction Y of the shock absorber 10. Then, the first side portion 24 is folded around the valley fold line V <b> 1 along the vertical direction Y in the center of the first side portion 24. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 7, the first side portion 24 covers the inner surface of the buffer body 10. For this reason, the part which covers the inner surface of the buffer 10 in the 1st side part 24 comprises the inner surface part 21 of the exterior body 20. FIG. That is, the front side portion of the first side portion 24 with respect to the valley fold line V1 (see FIG. 6) constitutes the inner surface portion 21. The first side portion 24 constituting the inner surface portion 21 covers the second side portion 25 constituting the inner surface portion 21. At this time, the hook-and-loop fastener portion 24c of the first side portion 24 is disposed at a position corresponding to the hook-and-loop fastener portion 25b of the second side portion 25 in the inner surface portion 21, and is joined to the hook-and-loop fastener portion 25b. Thereby, the inner surface portion 21 in the first side portion 24 and the inner surface portion 21 in the second side portion 25 are fastened. And the connection body 40 is passed through the insertion hole 24b corresponding to the lateral direction X of the insertion holes 24b of the pair of first side portions 24, and both ends of the connection body 40 are connected to each other. Thus, the exterior body 20 covers the buffer body 10 without detaching from the buffer body 10.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The first foamed layer 11 and the second foamed layer 12 overlap, so that the compression stress at 50% strain is 0.23 MPa or more, and the compression set is 10% or less 24 hours after compression. The body can be realized. For this reason, the relaxation performance which buffers the impact applied toward the hull 110 and the relaxation performance which restores the distortion of the buffer body 10 caused by the impact can be combined.

  (2) When the first foam layer 11 having a high compressive stress receives an impact from the outside, the first foam layer 11 receives the impact on the entire surface of the first foam layer 11 that receives the impact. On the other hand, when the second foamed layer 12 having a low compressive stress receives an impact from the outside, the second foamed layer 12 receives an impact on a part of the impacted surface of the second foamed layer 12. For this reason, when the 1st foaming layer 11 receives an impact from the outside, a part of 2nd foaming layer 12 deform | transforms with the force in which the 1st foaming layer 11 presses the 2nd foaming layer 12. FIG. Thereby, there exists a possibility that the 1st foam layer 11 and the 2nd foam layer 12 may peel.

  In that respect, in this embodiment, since the 1st foam layer 11 is located in the ship body 110 side rather than the 2nd foam layer 12, it is suppressed that the 1st foam layer 11 receives an impact directly from the outside. That is, when the fender 1 receives an impact from the outside, the second foam layer 12 receives the impact, and the second foam layer 12 presses the first foam layer 11. As a result, the force applied from the second foam layer 12 to the first foam layer 11 is received by the entire surface that receives the force of the first foam layer 11, so that the first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12 are peeled off. Is suppressed.

  (3) The first foam layer 11 is a foam of a styrene-modified polyolefin resin having an expansion ratio of 20 times or more and 60 times or less, more preferably 50 times or less. The second foamed layer 12 is a foam of polyethylene resin having a foaming ratio of 10 times or more and 30 times or less, more preferably 15 times or less. When the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer 11 to the thickness of the second foam layer 12 is not less than 0.2 and not more than 5.0, the shock absorber 10 has an impact on the hull 110 from the outside. Can be restored to the thickness of the buffer body 10 for exhibiting the relaxation performance for buffering, and the replacement frequency of the fender 1 can be reduced. Further, it is possible to suppress the shock absorber 10 from being compressed and deformed by an impact from the outside and the impact being directly applied to the hull 110.

  (4) Since the second foamed layer 12 is composed of a polyolefin-based foamed resin whose compression set is less than 3% in 30 minutes and 24 hours after compression according to a compression strain test according to JISK6767 (2002), the buffer 10 Has high resilience. Therefore, it becomes easy to restore the distortion generated in the buffer body 10.

  (5) The string body 30 is passed between the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20 and the buffer body 10. Thereby, since the string body 30 is not exposed to the outer surface side of the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20, a structure (for example, a structure constituting another ship or a pier) from the outside of the fender 1 to the outer surface portion 22. When colliding, the structure collides with the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20. Therefore, even if the fender 1 collides with the structure, it is avoided that the structure collides directly with the string 30, so that the possibility that the string 30 is damaged or cut is reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress the shock absorber 10 from dropping from the hull 110.

  (6) Since the string body 30 is passed through the passage 26a of the passage sheet 26 provided on the inner surface 22a of the outer surface portion 22, the string body 30 and the buffer body 10 are suppressed from contacting each other. Accordingly, even when an impact is applied to the outer surface portion 22 from the outside of the fender 1 or when the string body 30 is attached to the hull 110, even if the string body 30 is pushed toward the buffer body 10, Biting in is suppressed. As a result, the buffer body 10 is suppressed from being damaged by the string body 30.

  Further, when seawater or rainwater flows in from the upper end of the fender 1, the seawater or rainwater may enter the exterior body 20 from the string body insertion hole 24 a on the upper end side of the exterior body 20. However, seawater or rainwater entering from the string body insertion hole 24a on the upper end side passes between the passage sheet 26 and the inner surface 22a of the outer surface part 22 (passage 26a) and passes through the string body insertion hole 24a on the lower end side. It flows downward from the fender 1. Thus, even if seawater or rainwater flows in from the upper end portion of the fender 1, it is possible to prevent seawater or rainwater from entering the fender 1.

  In addition, since the string body 30 is movable in the extending direction in the passage 26a, the lengths of the first attachment part 31 and the second attachment part 32 of the string body 30 can be adjusted. Therefore, the arrangement position of the fender 1 with respect to the hull 110 can be adjusted.

  (7) Since the exterior body 20 is made of tarpaulin, the exterior body 20 is unlikely to be damaged even if a structure collides. Therefore, seawater and rainwater are caused to pass through the exterior body 20 due to the damage to the exterior body 20. Can be prevented from entering.

  (8) Since the surface fastener portions 24c and 25b provided on the inner surface portion 21 of the exterior body 20 are joined to each other, the first side portion 24 and the second side portion 25 constituting the inner surface portion 21 are peeled off from each other. Is suppressed. Therefore, it becomes difficult for seawater and rainwater to enter from between the first side portion 24 and the second side portion 25 constituting the inner surface portion 21.

  (9) Since the pair of first side portions 24 are coupled to each other by the coupling body 40 and the pair of second side portions 25 are coupled to each other, the pair of first sides constituting the inner surface portion 21 of the exterior body 20 The part 24 and the pair of second side parts 25 are prevented from being peeled off from the buffer body 10.

(Example)
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited to an Example.
Using the shock absorbers of Examples 1 to 8 and the shock absorbers of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, a test was conducted to confirm the compressive stress when strained over a predetermined amount and the strain amount after strain over a predetermined time. did.

[Sizes and Materials of Buffers of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4]
The sizes of the buffers of Examples 1 to 8 and the buffers of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are the sizes according to the size of the sample piece in JISK6767 (2002), the vertical dimension is 50 mm, the horizontal dimension is 50 mm, and the thickness dimension. Is 40 mm.

The material constituting the buffer of Example 1 is Piocelan (PO) having a foaming ratio of 30 times and Literon (registered trademark) board (EPE) having a foaming ratio of 15 times. In the buffer body of Example 1, the thickness of the layer made of PIOCELAN (registered trademark) serving as the first foam layer is 30 mm, and the layer composed of the Lightlon (registered trademark) board serving as the second foam layer The thickness is 10 mm. That is, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer is 3.
In the shock absorbers of Examples 2 and 3, the thicknesses of the first foam layer and the second foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 1 are changed, and the conditions other than the thickness are the same as those of Example 1.

  In the buffer of Example 2, the thickness of the first foam layer is about 33.3 mm, and the thickness of the second foam layer is about 6.7 mm. That is, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 2 is 5.

  In the buffer of Example 3, the thickness of the first foam layer is about 6.7 mm, and the thickness of the second foam layer is about 33.3 mm. That is, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer in the buffer of Example 3 is 0.2.

The shock absorber of Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1 except that the expansion ratio of the first foam layer and the expansion ratio of the second foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 1 are changed. is there. In the shock absorber of Example 4, the first foam layer has a 20-fold expansion ratio, and the second foam layer has a 10-fold expansion ratio.
In the shock absorbers of Examples 5 and 6, the thicknesses of the first foam layer and the second foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 4 are changed, and the conditions other than the thickness are the same as those of Example 4.

  In the shock absorber of Example 5, the thickness of the first foam layer is 32 mm, and the thickness of the second foam layer is 8 mm. That is, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer in the buffer of Example 5 is 4.

  In the shock absorber of Example 6, the thickness of the first foam layer is about 33.3 mm, and the thickness of the second foam layer is about 6.7 mm. That is, the ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 6 is 5.

  The shock absorber of Example 7 is the same as that of Example 3 except that the expansion ratio of the first foam layer in the shock absorber of Example 3 is changed and the expansion ratio of the first foam layer is the same. In the buffer of Example 7, the first foam layer has a foaming ratio of 50 times.

The buffer of Example 8 is the same as that of Example 2 except that the expansion ratio of the first foam layer in the buffer of Example 2 is changed and the expansion ratio of the first foam layer is other than that of Example 2. In the cushioning body of Example 8, the first foam layer has a foam ratio of 50 times.
The buffer of Comparative Example 1 is a single layer, and the material constituting the buffer of Comparative Example 1 is PIOCELAN (registered trademark) having an expansion ratio of 30 times.
The buffer of Comparative Example 2 is a single layer, and the material constituting the buffer of Comparative Example 2 is PIOCELAN (registered trademark) having an expansion ratio of 15 times.
The buffer of Comparative Example 3 is a single layer, and the material constituting the buffer of Comparative Example 3 is a Lightlon (registered trademark) board having a foaming ratio of 15 times.
The buffer of Comparative Example 4 is a single layer, and the material constituting the buffer of Comparative Example 4 is a foamed polypropylene foam (EPP) having an expansion ratio of 30 times.

[Foaming ratio]
The expansion ratio is obtained as follows. A buffer is cut out to a predetermined size and used as a sample. The size (area in plan view: S) and thickness (t) of the sample are measured. The apparent volume (V = S × t (cm ³ )) of the sample is obtained by multiplying the size and thickness of the sample. The apparent density (d = M / V (g / cm ³ )) of the buffer 10 is calculated from the obtained volume and the mass (M (g)) of the sample. Then, the density of the resin forming the buffer body (for example, ρ: 1.00 g / cm ³ ) is divided by the apparent density (d) of the buffer body to obtain the expansion ratio (times) of the buffer body. Ask.
Expansion ratio (times) = resin density (ρ) ÷ apparent buffer density (d)

[Compression test and compression strain test]
The compression test is a test for measuring compressive stress when the buffers of Examples 1 to 8 and the buffers of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are compressed so as to be distorted over a predetermined amount according to JISK6767 (2002).

  The testing machines used in the compression test are Tensilon Universal Testing Machine (Orientec Co., Ltd., MODEL UCT-5T SERIAL NO.36163) and Load Cell (Orientec Co., Ltd., TYPE UF-5 SERIAL NO.049539). is there. In the compression test, first, a buffer is set between a pair of compression plates of the Tensilon universal testing machine, and the buffer is sandwiched between the pair of compression plates. Next, it compressed with the compression test conditions based on JISK6767 (2002) with a pair of compression board. The compression test condition is that the compression speed is 20 mm / min and the number of compressions is one per buffer. And the compressive stress at the time of 50% strain of the buffer was measured.

  The compression strain test is a test for measuring the amount of strain after compressing the buffers of Examples 1 to 8 and the buffers of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 for a predetermined time in accordance with JISK6767 (2002).

  The testing machine used in the compression strain test and the compression method of the buffer material are the same as in the compression test. The compression set test has different conditions as follows as compared with the compression test conditions. As the compression set test conditions, the state in which the buffer body was distorted by 25% was maintained for 22 hours, and the amount of strain after 24 hours from the time when the compression load on the buffer body was removed was measured. The measurement results of these tests are shown in Table 1 and FIG. In addition, also about the example whose thickness dimension in the buffer body of each comparative example is 10 mm, and the example where the thickness dimension in the buffer body of each comparative example is 30 mm, each corresponding comparative example shown in Table 1 and FIG. A result similar to the measurement result is obtained.

  From Table 1, although the compressive stress of the buffer body of Examples 1-8 is below the compressive stress of the buffer body of the comparative example 1, and is less than the compressive stress of the buffer body of the comparative example 2, it is comparative examples 3 and 4. It can be confirmed that it is higher than the compressive stress of the buffer. Since the compressive stress of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 composed of PIOCERAN (registered trademark) is high, the first foam layer composed of PIOCELAN (registered trademark) increases the compressive stress of the buffers of Examples 1 to 8. It is thought that.

  Although the permanent set of the buffer of Examples 1-8 is larger than the permanent set of the buffer of Comparative Example 3, it can be confirmed that it is smaller than the permanent set of the buffers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In other words, the restoring force of the buffers of Examples 1 to 8 is lower than the restoring force of the buffer of Comparative Example 3, but is higher than the restoring force of the buffers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Since the restoring force of Comparative Example 3 constituted by the Literon (registered trademark) board is high, the restoring force of the buffers of Examples 1 to 8 is obtained by the second foamed layer constituted by the Literon (registered trademark) board. It seems that it is getting higher.

  By the way, in the fender attached to the hull, when the amount of permanent deformation of the shock absorber exceeds 10%, the shock absorber has a thickness of the shock absorber for exerting a relaxation performance to buffer the impact from the outside to the hull. As a result, after the shock absorber receives an impact, it is necessary to replace the fender. Moreover, in the said fender, when the compressive stress of a buffer body will be less than 0.23 MPa, there exists a possibility that a buffer body may compress-deform by the impact from the outside to a hull, and a shock may be directly applied to a hull. For this reason, it is preferable that the buffer body has a permanent strain amount of 10% or less and a compressive stress of 0.23 MPa or more.

  In that respect, the buffer bodies of Examples 1 to 8 have a permanent strain amount of 10% or less and a compressive stress of 0.23 MPa or more as shown in FIG. On the other hand, although the shock absorbers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a compressive stress greater than 0.23 MPa, the amount of permanent strain exceeds 10%. The shock absorbers of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 have a permanent strain amount of 10% or less but a compressive stress of less than 0.23 MPa.

The effects according to the examples will be described below.
As described above, the shock absorbers of Examples 1 to 8 have the first foam layer made of PIOCELAN (registered trademark) and the second foam layer made of LIGHTRON (registered trademark) board. In other words, the buffer bodies of Examples 1 to 8 have both the characteristics of the buffer bodies of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the characteristics of the buffer body of Comparative Example 3. Therefore, in the shock absorbers of Examples 1 to 8, the compressive stress is increased by the first foam layer, and the restoring force is increased by the second foam layer. For this reason, according to the fender which used the buffer of Examples 1-8, the mitigation performance which buffers the impact from the outside to a hull, and the mitigation performance which restores distortion of the fender produced by an impact Can be combined.

(Modification)
The embodiment described above can be implemented with the following modifications.
The buffer body 10 may be configured by laminating three or more foam layers. For example, a third foam layer may be provided between the first foam layer 11 and the second foam layer 12. The third foam layer may be provided closer to the hull 110 than the first foam layer 11, or may be provided on the opposite side of the hull 110 from the second foam layer 12.
The second foam layer 12 may be located closer to the hull 110 than the first foam layer 11.

-The shape of the exterior body 20 can be changed arbitrarily. For example, the exterior body 20 may have a bag shape that can accommodate the buffer body 10. For example, the exterior body 20 can also have a shape that covers the entire back surface of the buffer body 10. According to such a configuration, since it is suppressed that a gap is generated between two or more portions constituting the inner surface portion 21, seawater and rainwater are passed from the inner surface portion 21 to the inside of the fender through these components. It becomes difficult to invade. An example of the two or more portions constituting the inner surface portion 21 is a pair of first side portions 24, and the pair of first side portions 24 overlap each other. According to such a configuration, since it is possible to suppress a gap between the first side portions 24 that overlap each other, it is difficult for seawater and rainwater to enter the inside of the fender through the first side portions 24 that overlap each other. . In this case, for example, an insertion hole is provided in each of the first first side portion 24 and the other first side portion 24 to pass the connecting body, and the first first side portion 24 and the other first side portion 24 pass through the connecting body. One side portion 24 and the other first side portion 24 are connected to each other. And it is suppressed that the exterior body 20 remove | deviates from the buffer body 10. FIG.
The exterior body 20 may be omitted from the fender 1. In this case, the string body 30 is directly fixed to the buffer body 10.
The string 30 is not limited to a belt shape, and may be a rope.
The string body 30 may be sewn to the inner surface 22 a of the outer surface portion 22 of the exterior body 20. In this case, the exterior body 20 may omit the passage sheet 26.

  -With reference to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the detail of an example which the exterior body 20 is a bag shape which can accommodate the buffer body 10 is demonstrated below. In addition, about the structure which overlaps with the said embodiment, the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the exterior body 70 includes a plurality of connecting bodies 90 that connect the end portions of the exterior body 70 to each other in order to maintain the state where the exterior body 70 covers the buffer body 60. In the following, an example of a fender having three connecting members 90 will be described, but the number of connecting members 90 can be arbitrarily changed as long as the number is one or more.

  The exterior body 70 includes an inner surface portion 71 that is a portion for facing the hull 110, and an outer surface portion 72 that is a portion opposite to the inner surface portion 71. The three coupling bodies 90 are located closer to the inner surface 71 than the shock absorber 60.

  The exterior body 70 is a rectangular outer surface portion 72, a first side portion 74 that is separately bent from each short side of the outer surface portion 72, and a long side of the outer surface portion 72 that is separately bent. And a second side portion. The inner surface portion 71 includes a pair of first side portions 74, one first side portion 74 is an upper fabric 77, and the other first side portion 74 is a lower fabric 78. The direction along the long side of the exterior body 70 is referred to as the horizontal direction X, and the direction along the short side of the exterior body 70 is referred to as the vertical direction Y. The relative position of the lower fabric 78 with respect to the upper fabric 77 is constant when viewed from the longitudinal direction Y. FIG. 10 is a side view of the front end portion of the upper fabric 77, the front end portion of the lower fabric 78, and the intermediate portion of the lower fabric 78 as viewed from the longitudinal direction Y.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the front end portion (the right end portion in FIG. 10) of the upper fabric 77 includes a fabric end portion that is double-folded over the entire lateral direction X. The front end of the upper fabric 77 is sewn to another part of the upper fabric 77 so that the end portion of the fabric has a flat cylindrical shape. The fabric end portion includes an insertion hole 77b penetrating the fabric end portion. The insertion holes 77b are through-holes through which the connecting body 90 is passed, and are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Y. The fabric end portion where the upper fabric 77 is double-folded ensures a sufficient strength against the tension of the connecting body 90. The distal end portion of the upper fabric 77 is provided with a hook-and-loop fastener portion 77e closer to the base end side than the fabric end portion. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 77e is located on the side surface of the upper fabric 77 on the buffer body 60 side (the lower side in FIG. 10). The hook-and-loop fastener portion 77e has a strip shape extending in the entire lateral direction X.

  The front end portion (the left end portion in FIG. 10) of the lower fabric 78 is located closer to the buffer body 60 (lower side in FIG. 10) than the front end portion of the upper fabric 77. The front end portion of the lower fabric 78 includes a hook-and-loop fastener portion 78e on the upper fabric 77 side (upper side in FIG. 10) with respect to the lower fabric 78. The hook-and-loop fastener portion 78e has a strip shape extending over the entire lateral direction X. The front end portion of the upper fabric 77 covers the front end portion of the lower fabric 78 so that the two hook-and-loop fastener portions 77e and 78e face each other and the front end portion of the lower fabric 78 is not exposed at the inner surface portion 71.

  An intermediate portion of the lower fabric 78 is a portion of the inner surface portion 71 that is not covered by the tip portion of the upper fabric 77. The intermediate portion of the lower fabric 78 includes a valley fold line V3 continuous in the vertical direction Y and a valley fold line V4 continuous in the vertical direction Y. In the middle part of the lower fabric 78, the valley fold line V3 and the valley fold line V4 are sewn together, and a portion sandwiched between the valley fold line V3 and the valley fold line V4 is a flat shape in which the lower fabric 78 is double-folded. The cylindrical part O is comprised. The tubular portion O of the lower fabric 78 includes an insertion hole 78b that penetrates the tubular portion O. The insertion hole 78b is a through hole through which the connecting body 90 is passed, and the lower fabric 78 is arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction Y. The tubular portion O in which the lower fabric 78 is double-folded ensures a sufficient strength against the tension of the connection body 90.

  When the exterior body 70 having the above-described configuration covers the buffer body 60, as described in FIG. 6, the exterior body 70 is folded, and further, the leading end portion of the upper fabric 77 is overlapped with the distal end portion of the lower fabric 78, An inner surface 71 is formed by the pair of first side portions 74. Further, the surface fastener portion 77e of the upper fabric 77 and the surface fastener portion 78e of the lower fabric 78 are fastened. Then, the coupling body 90 is passed through the insertion hole 77b of the upper fabric 77 and the insertion hole 78b of the lower fabric 78, and both ends of the coupling body 90 are coupled to each other. Thereby, the exterior body 70 can cover the buffer body 60 without detaching from the buffer body 60. In addition, if it is the exterior body 70 demonstrated using FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the foaming layer of the buffer body covered with this exterior body 70 can also be made into a single layer, for example. Even when the foamed layer of the shock absorber is constituted by a single layer, if the outer body 70 is such that the front end portion of the upper fabric 77 and the front end portion of the lower fabric 78 overlap each other, the inner surface portion 21 and the inside of the fender body It is difficult for seawater or rainwater to enter the surface, and it is easy to obtain sufficient strength against the tension of the connection body and to perform fastening with the connection body from the side facing the inner surface portion 21. Is also possible.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Defense body, 10 ... Buffer, 11 ... 1st foam layer, 12 ... 2nd foam layer, 20 ... Exterior body, 30 ... String body, 110 ... Hull.

Claims (6)

A fender with a buffer,
The buffer is
A first foam layer;
A second foam layer overlying the first foam layer,
The compression body has a compressive stress at 50% strain of 0.23 MPa or more in a compression test according to JIS K6767 (2002). In the compression strain test according to JIS K6767 (2002), the compression set is 24 after compression. A fender that is 10% or less in time. The first foam layer is a foam of a styrene-modified polyolefin resin having an expansion ratio of 20 times or more and 60 times or less,
The second foam layer is a foam of polyethylene resin having a foaming ratio of 10 times or more and 30 times or less,
The fender according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of the thickness of the first foam layer to the thickness of the second foam layer is 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less. The first foam layer is a foam of a styrene-modified polyolefin resin having an expansion ratio of 20 times or more and 50 times or less,
The second foam layer is a foam of polyethylene resin having a foaming ratio of 10 times or more and 15 times or less,
The fender according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the first foam layer to a thickness of the second foam layer is 0.2 or more and 5.0 or less. The first foam layer has a compression set greater than 3% in 24 hours after compression in a compression strain test according to JIS K6767 (2002).
The fender according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second foam layer has a compression set of less than 3% in 24 hours after compression in a compression strain test according to JISK6767 (2002). The armor is
An exterior covering the buffer,
A string body for attaching the buffer body and the exterior body to the hull;
The fender according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the string is passed through the exterior body through between the buffer body and the exterior body. The fender according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first foamed layer is a layer joined to the second foamed layer and is located closer to the hull than the second foamed layer.

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