JP2018079454A - Solid-liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separator capable of suppressing continuous discharge of liquid excreta to a storage part of a dewatering cake.SOLUTION: A solid-liquid separator 100 includes a solid-liquid separator body part 1 for performing dehydration treatment of a processing object, a discharge chute 2 for discharging therethrough the processing object subjected to the dehydration treatment as excreta from the solid-liquid separator body part 1, a photosensor 4 for detecting a dehydration state of the processing object, a changeover part 3 for changing a route for the excreta discharged from the discharge chute 2 to a first route 30 or a second route 31, and a control part 6 for controlling the changeover part 3 based on a detection result of the photosensor 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device, and more particularly, to a solid-liquid separation device including a solid-liquid separation device main body portion and a discharge portion that discharges discharge from the solid-liquid separation device main body portion.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a solid-liquid separation device including a solid-liquid separation device main body and a discharge unit that discharges discharge from the solid-liquid separation device main body is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Patent Document 1 discloses a screw-type solid body having a solid-liquid separation device main body and an outlet (discharge portion) through which a processing object subjected to dehydration treatment is discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body as discharge. A liquid separation device is disclosed. In general, the discharge (dehydrated cake) discharged from the outlet is stored in the storage unit.

JP 2014-57943 A

  However, in the screw-type solid-liquid separation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the case where an agglomeration failure occurs, the solid-liquid separation device does not perform dehydration appropriately, and the liquid is discharged from the outlet (discharge portion). There is an inconvenience that things continue to be discharged. As a result, there is a problem that the liquid discharge continues to be discharged into the storage portion of the solid discharge (dehydrated cake).

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and one object of the present invention is to suppress the continuous discharge of liquid effluent into the dewatered cake reservoir. It is to provide a solid-liquid separator.

  A solid-liquid separation device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a solid-liquid separation device main body that performs dehydration processing on a processing object, and the processing target that has been subjected to dehydration processing is discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body as discharge. Based on the detection result of the detection unit, the detection unit for detecting the dehydration state of the processing object, the switching unit for switching the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge unit to the first route or the second route, And a control unit for controlling the switching unit.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to one aspect of the present invention, as described above, the switching unit that switches the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge unit to the first path or the second path, and the dehydration state of the processing object A control unit for controlling the switching unit is provided based on the detection result of the detection unit to be detected. As a result, when the processing object is in a liquid state due to poor dehydration of the processing object, the control unit causes the discharge path to be changed to, for example, solid discharge based on the detection result of the dehydration state by the detection unit. It is possible to switch from the first path of the product (dehydrated cake) to the second path of the liquid discharge. As a result, in the case of poor dehydration, it is possible to suppress the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the dewatered cake storage part.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, the control unit preferably changes the route of the discharge from the first route to the second route when the detection unit detects that the dewatered state of the discharge is defective. It is configured to perform switching control. If comprised in this way, when a dehydration defect is detected by the detection part, since the path | route of discharge | emission is easily switched from a 1st path | route to a 2nd path | route, it is liquid to the storage part of a dehydration cake more reliably. It is possible to suppress the discharge of the gas from being continuously discharged.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, the control unit preferably switches the route of the discharge from the first route to the second route based on the detection result of the detection unit, and the solid-liquid separation device main body part. It is configured to perform control to stop the operation. If comprised in this way, in addition to switching a path | route, since the dehydration process by a solid-liquid-separation apparatus main-body part can also be stopped, discharge | emission of the discharge | emission from a discharge part can be stopped substantially. As a result, it is possible to suppress the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the dewatered cake reservoir.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, preferably, the switching unit is formed in a flat plate shape and includes a rotatable plate-like portion, and the control unit rotates the plate-like portion of the switching portion. The control unit switches the discharge route from the first route to the second route. If comprised in this way, the path | route of discharge | emission can be easily switched from a 1st path | route to a 2nd path | route by the simple operation | movement which rotates a switching part.

  In this case, preferably, the first path is arranged immediately below the discharge part, the second path is arranged at a position spaced apart from the discharge part in plan view, and the switching part is a path for the discharged matter. Is switched from the first route to the second route, the first route is closed by the plate-like portion, and the discharge is guided to the second route through the plate-like portion. If comprised in this way, a liquid discharge can be guide | induced to a 2nd path | route, reliably suppressing that a liquid discharge | emission enters a 1st path | route.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, preferably, the detection unit includes a reflection-type or transmission-type optical sensor and is configured to be able to detect the passage of the discharge, and the control unit measures a predetermined time. Including a possible timer, and when the discharge of the discharge is detected continuously for a predetermined time or more by the optical sensor, the switching unit controls the switching of the discharge route from the first route to the second route. Configured to do. In general, the liquid discharge is continuously discharged from the discharge unit, and the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is discharged intermittently from the discharge unit. Therefore, if configured as described above, the time during which the light of the optical sensor is blocked by the discharge is measured using a timer, so that the liquid discharge can be easily and accurately measured without directly measuring the moisture content. Can be detected.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the one aspect described above, preferably, the solid-liquid separation device further includes a mixing tank for aggregating and flocking a solid component of the processing object supplied to the solid-liquid separation device main body, and the detection unit is disposed in the mixing tank. The control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time, and the control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time. The liquid level in the mixing tank is processed by the liquid level sensor using the timer. When the supply is not detected for a predetermined time from the start of supply, the control is performed to switch the route of the discharge from the first route to the second route. If configured in this way, coagulation failure occurs in the mixing tank, the resistance in the solid-liquid separation device main body becomes small (the receiving flow rate of the processing object increases), and the liquid level in the mixing tank continues for a predetermined time. Therefore, it can be determined by the liquid level sensor and the timer that the dehydration failure can be grasped at an early stage on the upstream side of the discharge section, and the response can be quickly made.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, the second path is preferably a path for returning the discharge to the upstream side of the main part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus. If comprised in this way, the agglomeration process and a dehydration process can be performed again with respect to the discharge | emission for which the agglomeration process and the dehydration process were not performed appropriately.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, preferably, the solid-liquid separation device main body portion is provided with a rotation shaft, and is arranged so as to surround the screw and a screw that feeds a processing object as the rotation shaft rotates. A screw-type dewatering unit having a laminated filter body in which a filtration groove is formed is included. If comprised in this way, in the solid-liquid separation apparatus containing a screw-type dehydration part, it can suppress that a liquid discharge | emission continues being discharged | emitted by the storage part of a dewatering cake.

  In this case, preferably, the rotation shaft of the screw is arranged substantially horizontally. If comprised in this way, the magnitude | size of the up-down direction of a solid-liquid-separation apparatus main-body part can be made small.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above aspect, the detection unit is preferably provided in the vicinity of the discharge unit. If comprised in this way, since the detection part actually detects the discharge | emission discharged | emitted from the discharge part, a dehydration state can be detected accurately.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, as mentioned above, the solid-liquid separation apparatus which can suppress that a liquid discharge continues being discharged | emitted by the storage part of a dewatering cake can be provided.

It is the typical figure which showed the whole structure of the solid-liquid separator by one Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded side view of the laminated filter body of the solid-liquid separator by one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the state which has arrange | positioned the switching part of the solid-liquid separator by one Embodiment of this invention in the 1st position. It is the figure which showed the state which has arrange | positioned the switching part of the solid-liquid separator by one Embodiment of this invention in the 2nd position. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process of the control part when the liquid discharge of the solid-liquid separator by one Embodiment of this invention is detected. It is the figure which showed the switching part of the solid-liquid separator by the 1st modification of one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the detection part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by the 2nd modification of one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the mixing tank of the solid-liquid separator by the 3rd modification of one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Configuration of solid-liquid separator)
With reference to FIGS. 1-4, the structure of the solid-liquid separation apparatus 100 by one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the solid-liquid separator 100 includes a solid-liquid separator main body 1, a discharge chute 2, a housing 3 including a first path 30 and a second path 31, an optical sensor 4, A switching unit 5 and a control unit 6 are provided. The solid-liquid separator 100 is provided with a sludge storage tank 7, a mixing tank 8, and a dehydrated cake storage section T. In addition, the switching unit 5 is discharged to the first position (the position of the switching unit 5 in the normal state) (see FIG. 3) for guiding the discharge to the first path 30 and the second path 31 under the control of the control unit 6. It is configured to be movable between a second position for guiding an object (a position of the switching unit 5 in an abnormal state) (see FIG. 4). Details will be described later. The discharge chute 2 is an example of the “discharge section” in the claims. The optical sensor 4 is an example of the “detection unit” in the claims.

  In addition, a normal state means the state from which the discharge discharged | emitted from the discharge port 11 of the solid-liquid separator main-body part 1 turns into a solid discharge (dehydrated cake). Moreover, the abnormal state means a state in which a dehydration failure including a cohesion failure has occurred on the upstream side of the discharge port 11 and the discharge discharged from the discharge port 11 becomes a liquid discharge.

  The sludge storage tank 7 is configured to store a processing object (sludge) sent from a final sedimentation basin (not shown). In addition, a pump P1 is provided in the sludge storage tank 7. The processing object stored in the sludge storage tank 7 is configured to be sent to the mixing tank 8 by the pump P1. The pump P <b> 1 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 and is configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

  The mixing tank 8 has a function of aggregating and flocking the solid components of the processing object supplied to the solid-liquid separator main body 1. Specifically, the mixing tank 8 is provided with a motor M1 and an impeller 81 driven by the motor M1. Further, the mixing tank 8 is provided with a flocculant reservoir 82 for storing the flocculant and a pump P2. Note that the flocculant reservoir 82 and the pump P2 may have either a configuration integrated with the mixing tank 8 or a configuration separate from the mixing tank 8. The pump P2 is configured to supply the flocculant from the flocculant reservoir 82. The impeller 81 is arranged in the mixing tank 8 and is configured to agglomerate the processing object by stirring the processing object (sludge) and the flocculant supplied to the mixing tank 8. Further, the processing object in the mixing tank 8 is configured to be supplied from the mixing tank 8 to the solid-liquid separator main body 1 by overflow. The motor M1 and the pump P2 are each electrically connected to the control unit 6 and are configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

  The solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is configured to perform a dehydration process on a processing object. As shown in FIG. 1, the solid-liquid separator main body 1 includes a supply port 10, a discharge port 11, a screw 12, a plurality of movable plates 13a (see FIG. 2), and a plurality of fixed plates 13b (see FIG. 2). ), A motor M2, and an outer frame 14. Further, the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is provided with a filtrate receiving portion 15 on the lower side.

  The supply port 10 is an inlet portion through which sludge is supplied from the mixing tank 8 by overflow. The discharge port 11 is an outlet portion that is provided on the downstream side of the supply port 10 and discharges sludge (dehydrated cake) that has been dehydrated. A discharge chute 2 is disposed at the discharge port 11.

  The screw 12 has a rotating shaft 12a extending (arranged) in a substantially horizontal direction. Further, the screw 12 is configured to rotate together with the rotating shaft 12a by the driving force from the motor M2, and to send sludge to the discharge port 11 side (rear side) as the rotating shaft 12a rotates.

  Here, in the following description, the direction in which the rotating shaft 12a extends (a predetermined direction in the horizontal direction) is defined as the X direction. Moreover, let the direction (width direction of the solid-liquid separator 100) orthogonal to the X direction among horizontal directions be a Y direction. Also, the vertical direction is the Z direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the laminated filter body 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape by laminating annular plate members (the movable plate 13a and the fixed plate 13b). Although not shown, the movable plate 13a and the fixed plate 13b have a disk shape when viewed from the front-rear direction (X direction), and have a first hole portion 130 through which the screw 12 is inserted at the center. . That is, the movable plate 13a and the fixed plate 13b have a ring shape. The laminated filter body 13 is a multi-plate structure in which the movable plate 13a and the fixed plate 13b are alternately laminated in the front-rear direction with the screw 12 inserted through the first hole 130 so as to surround the screw 12. have.

  In addition, the plurality of fixing plates 13b have second holes 131 (screw holes) into which the spacers F are screwed, in addition to the first holes 130 through which the screws 12 are inserted. Then, the spacer F is screwed into the second hole 131, so that the fixed plate 13b is configured to keep a distance from another adjacent fixed plate 13b at a predetermined distance. Thereby, as for the solid-liquid-separation apparatus main-body part 1, the filtration groove | channel S is formed between each fixed plate 13b.

  The outer frame 14 is configured to fix a plurality of fixing plates 13b. Specifically, the outer frame 14 is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral ends of the plurality of fixed plates 13b, and restricts the movement of each fixed plate 13b. The outer frame 14 extends along the axial direction (X direction) of the rotary shaft 12a. A plurality of contact portions of the outer frame 14 to the fixed plate 13b are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the fixed plate 13b (for example, three outer frames 14 are spaced at 120 degree intervals) (one outer frame). 14 only). The plurality of fixed plates 13b are configured to be maintained in a stacked state with the movable plate 13a by being fixed to the outer frame 14. Further, since the movable plate 13a has an inner peripheral diameter constituting the first hole portion 130 smaller than the outer peripheral diameter of the screw 12, the inner peripheral surface of the first hole portion 130 abuts on the outer peripheral portion of the screw 12, As the screw 12 rotates, the screw 12 is always moved in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the rotating shaft 12a. As described above, the solid-liquid separator main body 1 is configured to suppress clogging of the filtration groove S by constantly moving the movable plate 13 a in the filtration groove S by the rotation of the screw 12.

  Moreover, the filtrate receiving part 15 is comprised so that the filtrate which passed through the filtration groove | channel S and was discharged | emitted may be received from the downward side of the filtration groove | channel S, as shown in FIG.

  The discharge chute 2 extends obliquely downward from the discharge port 11 of the solid-liquid separator main body 1 and is configured such that the discharged material can fall naturally. Further, the discharge chute 2 is a portion where the processing object subjected to the dehydration process is discharged from the solid-liquid separator main body 1 as a discharge. The discharge chute 2 is a path that guides the discharge discharged from the discharge port 11 into the housing part 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the discharge chute 2 includes a pair of side plates that extend in the Z direction and that face each other in the Y direction, and a bottom plate that connects the bottom portions of the pair of side plates.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 3 is disposed obliquely below the solid-liquid separator main body 1 (X1 direction side and Z1 direction side). Moreover, the housing part 3 has a function as a saucer for receiving the discharge guided by the discharge chute 2. Moreover, the housing | casing part 3 is formed in the box shape substantially as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the housing portion 3 includes a first path 30, a second path 31, and a partition plate 32 that partitions the first path 30 and the second path 31.

  The first path 30 is disposed immediately below the lower end of the discharge chute 2. Therefore, the discharge discharged by the discharge chute 2 is dropped toward the first path 30. Moreover, the 1st path | route 30 is a path | route which lets solid discharge (dehydrated cake) pass in principle. That is, the first path 30 is not a path through which the discharged material passes when the liquid discharged material is discharged from the discharge chute 2. For this reason, the 1st path | route 30 is comprised so that the switching part 5 may block | close, when the liquid discharge is discharged | emitted from the discharge chute 2. FIG. When the first path 30 is blocked, the liquid discharge is sent to the second path 31 by the switching unit 5. Details will be described later.

  The discharged material that has passed through the first path 30 is sent to the dewatered cake storage unit T. The discharge (dehydrated cake) stored in the dewatered cake storage unit T is transported to a treatment plant by a truck or the like and processed by incineration or the like.

  The second path 31 is disposed at a position separated from the discharge chute 2 in plan view (viewed from the Z direction). Specifically, the second path 31 is disposed on the X1 direction side of the discharge chute 2. Further, the second path 31 is disposed adjacent to the first path 30 on the X1 direction side of the first path 30. Further, the second path 31 is a path for returning the discharged product to the upstream side of the solid-liquid separator main body 1. Specifically, the effluent that has passed through the second path 31 is returned (recirculated) to the sludge storage tank 7 and sent to the mixing tank 8 and the solid-liquid separator main body 1, thereby again aggregating. The dehydration process is performed.

  The partition plate 32 is a plate-like member that partitions the inside of the housing portion 3 into two spaces. Specifically, the partition plate 32 has a rectangular flat plate shape. The partition plate 32 extends in the Z direction. Further, the partition plate 32 is arranged between the first path 30 and the second path 31 in the X direction, and partitions the first path 30 and the second path 31. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the partition plate 32 is provided with a rectangular through hole 32a penetrating in the X direction. The through hole 32a is provided when the switching unit 5 shifts from the first position for guiding the discharge to the first path 30 to the second position (see FIG. 4) for guiding the discharge to the second path 31. It is a hole for passing a part of. In addition, the through-hole 32a is comprised so that it may block | close with the switching part 5 in a 1st position without a clearance gap substantially. An optical sensor 4 is attached to the upper end of the partition plate 32.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality (two) of the optical sensors 4 are arranged in the Y direction. Further, the optical sensor 4 detects the dehydrated state of the processing object based on the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2. Further, the optical sensor 4 is configured to be able to detect the passage of the discharged matter. Specifically, the optical sensor 4 is a reflective optical sensor 4 including a projector 41b and a light receiver 41a. The optical sensor 4 is disposed near the discharge chute 2 and above the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2. Therefore, the optical sensor 4 is configured to irradiate the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2 from the upper side of the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2 with the light projector 41b and receive the reflected light with the light receiver 41a. In addition, the light sensor 4 can detect the passage of the discharge because the light is blocked by the discharge when the discharge passes between the light sensor 4 and the discharge chute 2. The discharge state detected by the optical sensor 4 is continuous when the liquid discharge is discharged (normal state), and the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is discharged. In (abnormal state), it becomes intermittent.

  The optical sensor 4 includes an attachment part 40 and a sensor part 41 attached to the attachment part 40.

  The attachment part 40 is a part attached to the upper end of the partition plate 32 of the housing part 3. The mounting portion 40 includes a C-shaped mounting member 40a and a bolt 40b screwed to the mounting member 40a from the X1 direction side. The mounting member 40a is arranged so as to sandwich the upper end of the partition plate 32 in the X direction, and the partition plate 32 is sandwiched by pressing the tip of the bolt 40b against the surface of the partition plate 32 on the X1 direction side. 32 to be fixed. Further, the attachment member 40a (the optical sensor 4) is configured such that the attachment position can be moved in the Y direction by loosening the bolt 40b. The two photosensors 4 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the Y direction.

  The sensor unit 41 includes a light receiver 41a and a projector 41b, a rotating part 41c having a bolt 411 and a female screw part 412, and a male screw rod 41d. The male screw rod 41d is attached to the female screw portion 412 of the rotating portion 41c. The light receiver 41a and the projector 41b are each attached to the lower end of the male screw rod 41d.

  The rotation part 41c (sensor part 41) is attached to the attachment member 40a by a bolt 411. Moreover, the rotation part 41c (sensor part 41) is comprised so that rotation with respect to a Y direction is possible by loosening the volt | bolt 411. FIG.

  The male threaded rod 41d is a round bar-like member having a male thread formed throughout. Further, the male screw rod 41d moves the male screw rod 41d relative to the female screw portion 412 by changing the screwing position of the rotating portion 41c with respect to the female screw portion 412, thereby lowering the lower end of the male screw rod 41d. The height positions (positions in the Z direction) of the light receiver 41a and the projector 41b attached to the projector are adjustable.

  The light receiver 41 a is electrically connected to the control unit 6, and is configured to transmit an emission detection signal (a signal indicating the presence or absence of the emission) to the control unit 6.

  As described above, the sensor unit 41 determines the position of the light receiver 41a and the projector 41b in the Y direction, the position of the light receiver 41a and the projector 41b in the rotational direction with respect to the Y direction, and the position of the light receiver 41a and the projector 41b in the Z direction. It is configured to be adjustable. Thereby, the sensor part 41 is comprised so that the light receiver 41a and the light projector 41b may be arrange | positioned in a predetermined position with respect to the discharge chute 2 so that discharge | emission may be detected easily.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the switching unit 5 is configured to switch the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 to the first path 30 or the second path 31. The switching unit 5 includes a plate-like unit 50 and a motor M3 having a rotation center shaft 51. The switching unit 5 causes the motor M3 to rotate the plate-like portion 50 around the rotation center shaft 51 to guide the discharged material to the first path 30 (see FIG. 3) and the second path 31. The plate-like portion 50 is configured to move between the second position (see FIG. 4) that guides the discharged matter. The switching unit 5 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 and is configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

  Specifically, the plate-like portion 50 has a rectangular flat plate shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate-like portion 50 is disposed along the partition plate 32 on the X2 direction side of the partition plate 32 of the housing portion 3 at the first position. Further, the plate-like portion 50 is disposed substantially parallel to the partition plate 32 at the first position. Further, the upper end of the plate-like portion 50 is disposed slightly below the upper end of the through hole 32a of the partition plate 32 (Z2 direction side) at the first position. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, side plates 52 extending in the X2 direction are provided at both ends in the width direction (Y direction) of the plate-like portion 50, respectively, at the first position. By this side plate 52, the switching unit 5 can receive the discharged material discharged from the discharge chute 2 from the lower side without leaking in the Y direction when the plate-shaped unit 50 in the second position receives the discharged material from the lower side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plate-like portion 50 is rotatably attached to the rotation center shaft 51. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 extends in the width direction (Y direction) of the plate-like portion 50. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 is disposed near the center in the vertical direction (Z direction) of the plate-like portion 50 at the first position. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 is disposed in the vicinity of the lower edge portion of the through hole 32 a of the partition plate 32. The rotation center shaft 51 is configured to rotate within a predetermined angle range by the motor M3. Accordingly, the plate-like portion 50 is configured to move in an angular range between the plate-like portion 50 at the first position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1 and the plate-like portion 50 at the second position indicated by the two-dot chain line. Has been.

  When the switching unit 5 switches from the first path 30 to the second path 31 (when the plate-like part 50 is moved from the first position to the second position), the first path 30 is blocked by the plate-like part 50. It is configured as follows. Specifically, the switching unit 5 moves the plate-like portion 50 so that the one end 50a of the plate-like portion 50 in the first position moves generally in the X2 direction and upward (Z1 direction). Thus, the plate-like portion 50 is configured to move from the first position to the second position.

  As shown in FIG. 1, one end 50a of the plate-like portion 50 at the second position (end on the X2 direction side) is the other end 50b of the plate-like portion 50 at the second position (end on the X1 direction side). It is arranged at a higher position. Therefore, when the switching unit 5 switches from the first path 30 to the second path 31 (when the plate-shaped unit 50 is moved from the first position to the second position), the switching unit 5 passes through the plate-shaped unit 50 and discharges. Is guided to the second path 31.

  In addition, one end 50a (the end portion on the X2 direction side) of the plate-like portion 50 at the second position is disposed on the lower side (the Z2 direction side) of the discharge chute 2. That is, one end 50a (the end portion on the X2 direction side) of the plate-like portion 50 at the second position overlaps with the discharge chute 2 in the vertical direction (Z direction). Thereby, the switch part 5 is comprised so that the discharge | emission matter discharged | emitted from the discharge chute 2 can be received from the downward side without omission by the plate-shaped part 50 in a 2nd position.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the size W1 of the plate-like portion 50 in the Y direction (width direction) is larger than the size W2 of the discharge chute 2 in the Y direction (width direction). Thereby, the switching part 5 is comprised so that the discharge | emission material discharged | emitted from the discharge chute 2 can be reliably received from the downward side by the plate-shaped part 50 in a 2nd position from the lower side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 6 is electrically connected to each of the pump P1, the pump P2, the motor M1, the motor M2, the motor M3, and the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a). The controller 6 is configured to control the pump P1, the pump P2, the motor M1, the motor M2, and the motor M3 based on the detection signal received from the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a). In addition, when the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) detects that the discharged product is in a dehydrated state, the control unit 6 causes the motor M3 to rotate the plate-like portion 50 (rotation center shaft 51). Thus, control is performed to switch the route of the discharge from the first route 30 to the second route 31.

  Specifically, when the control unit 6 detects discharge of the discharge continuously for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, or the like) by the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a), the switching unit 5 Control is performed to switch the route of the discharge from the first route 30 to the second route 31. The case where discharge of discharge is continuously detected for a predetermined time or more is a case where the light emitted from the projector 41b is blocked by the discharge and the light receiver 41a cannot receive light for a predetermined time or longer. is there. In short, this is a case where the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) detects that the dewatered state of the discharged matter is defective. The control unit 6 includes a timer 61 for measuring a predetermined time. Note that the predetermined time is usually set to a time longer than the time during which the discharged material blocks the light emitted from the projector 41b when the solid discharged material (dehydrated cake) is discharged from the discharge chute 2. In short, the discharge measured after a predetermined time and detected by the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) is a liquid discharge.

(Processing by the control unit when liquid discharge is detected)
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the process flow when the liquid discharge is detected by the control unit 6 will be described.

  First, in step S1, the control unit 6 (timer 61) continuously discharges the discharge from the discharge chute 2 by the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds, 10 seconds). It is determined whether or not it has been detected. Specifically, the timer 61 of the control unit 6 counts the time during which the light emitted from the projector 41b is blocked by the discharged matter and the light receiver 41a cannot receive the light. The count of the timer 61 is measured when the light receivers 41a of the two (plurality) of optical sensors 4 cannot simultaneously receive the light from the light projector 41b. In short, when both (all) of the two (a plurality of) optical sensors 4 simultaneously detect the discharge continuously for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit 6 performs each control described in Step S2 below. The count of the timer 61 is reset once when one of the light receivers 41a of the at least two optical sensors 4 receives the light from the projector 41b (when the state where the light cannot be received is interrupted).

  In step S1, if the discharged light is not continuously detected by the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) by the control unit 6 for a predetermined time or longer, the timer 61 is reset and step S1 is repeated. Further, in step S1, when the discharge is continuously detected by the optical sensor 4 (light receiver 41a) by the control unit 6 for a predetermined time or longer (when the light receiver 41a cannot receive light continuously for a predetermined time or longer). ) Go to step S2.

  Next, in step S2, the control unit 6 performs control to drive and stop each unit.

  Specifically, in step S2, the control unit 6 switches from the first route 30 to the second route 31. Specifically, in step S2, the control unit 6 drives the motor M3, and the motor M3 rotates the plate-like portion 50 of the switching unit 5 together with the rotation center shaft 51. As a result, the plate-like portion 50 of the switching unit 5 is moved from the first position (see FIG. 3) to the second position (see FIG. 4), and the discharge route is changed from the first route 30 to the second route 31. Can be switched.

  In step S2, the control unit 6 stops the operation of the solid-liquid separator main body unit 1. Specifically, the rotation of the screw 12 is stopped by the motor 6 being stopped by the control unit 6.

  Moreover, in step S2, the control part 6 stops the pump P1 of the sludge storage tank 7. That is, the supply of sludge from the sludge storage tank 7 to the mixing tank 8 is stopped.

  In step S2, the control unit 6 stops the pump P2 that supplies the flocculant to the mixing tank 8.

  In step S2, the control unit 6 stops the motor M1 that rotates the impeller 81 in the mixing tank 8, and the impeller 81 is stopped.

(Effect of embodiment)
In the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the switching unit 5 that switches the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 to the first path 30 or the second path 31, and the optical sensor that detects the dehydration state of the processing object. On the basis of the detection result 4, a control unit 6 that controls the switching unit 5 is provided. As a result, when the processing object is in a liquid state due to poor dehydration of the processing object, the control unit 6 causes the discharge path to be discharged in a solid state based on the detection result of the dewatering state by the optical sensor 4. It can switch from the 1st path | route 30 of a thing (dehydrated cake) to the 2nd path | route 31 of a liquid discharge | emission. As a result, it is possible to suppress the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged to the dehydrated cake storage unit T in the case of poor dehydration.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, when the control unit 6 detects that the dehydrated state of the discharged matter is defective by the optical sensor 4, the route of the discharged material is changed from the first route 30 to the second route. Control to switch to 31 is performed. Thereby, when the dehydration failure is detected by the optical sensor 4, the path of the discharge is easily switched from the first path 30 to the second path 31. It is possible to suppress the discharge from continuing to be discharged.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the control unit 6 switches the path of the discharge from the first path 30 to the second path 31 based on the detection result of the optical sensor 4, and at the same time, the solid-liquid separator main body The control for stopping the operation of the unit 1 is performed. Thereby, in addition to switching the path, the dehydration process by the solid-liquid separator main body 1 can be stopped, so that the discharge of the discharge from the discharge chute 2 can be substantially stopped. As a result, it is possible to suppress the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the dewatered cake storage unit T.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the switching unit 5 includes a plate-like portion 50 that is formed in a flat plate shape and can be rotated, and the control unit 6 rotates the plate-like portion 50 of the switching unit 5. By doing so, it is configured to perform control for switching the route of the discharge from the first route 30 to the second route 31. Thereby, the path | route of discharge | emission can be easily switched from the 1st path | route 30 to the 2nd path | route 31 by simple operation | movement which rotates the switch part 5. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the first path 30 is disposed immediately below the discharge chute 2, and the second path 31 is disposed at a position spaced apart from the discharge chute 2 in plan view. The switching unit 5 closes the first path 30 with the plate-like portion 50 when the route of the discharge is switched from the first route 30 to the second route 31, and connects the plate-like portion 50 to discharge the discharge. It is configured to lead to the second path 31. Accordingly, the liquid discharge can be guided to the second path 31 while reliably suppressing the liquid discharge from entering the first path 30.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the reflection type optical sensor 4 is provided, the optical sensor 4 is configured to be able to detect the passage of the discharged matter, and the timer 61 that can measure the predetermined time in the control unit 6. And the control unit 6 uses the timer 61 to detect the discharge of the discharged material continuously for a predetermined time or longer, the switching unit 5 changes the route of the discharged material from the first route 30 to the first route 30. It is configured to perform control to switch to the two paths 31. In general, the liquid discharge is continuously discharged from the discharge chute 2, and the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is discharged from the discharge chute 2 intermittently. Therefore, by configuring as described above, the time during which the light of the optical sensor 4 is blocked by the discharge is measured using the timer 61, so that liquid discharge can be easily performed without directly measuring the moisture content. And it can detect with high precision.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the second path 31 is a path for returning the discharged product to the upstream side of the solid-liquid separator main body 1. Thereby, the agglomeration process and the dehydration process can be performed again on the discharged matter that has not been appropriately subjected to the agglomeration process and the dehydration process.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the solid-liquid separator main body 1 is provided with the rotating shaft 12a, and the screw 12 that feeds the object to be processed along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 12a, and the screw 12 are surrounded. A screw-type dewatering unit having a laminated filter body 13 in which a filtration groove S is formed is provided. Thereby, in the solid-liquid separation device 100 including the screw-type dewatering unit, it is possible to suppress the liquid discharged material from being continuously discharged to the dewatered cake storage unit T.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as mentioned above, the rotating shaft 12a of the screw 12 is arrange | positioned substantially horizontally. Thereby, the magnitude | size of the up-down direction of the solid-liquid-separation apparatus main-body part 1 can be made small.

  In the present embodiment, the optical sensor 4 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge chute 2 as described above. Thereby, since the waste actually discharged from the discharge chute 2 is detected by the optical sensor 4, the dehydration state can be detected with high accuracy.

(Modification)
The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiment but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications (modifications) within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the first path and the second path are switched by rotating the switching unit has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present invention, the first path 30 and the second path 31 may be switched by sliding the switching unit 5a as in the first modification shown in FIG. Specifically, a flat plate-like switching unit 5a is provided below the discharge chute 2, and can be slid from a position of the switching unit 5a indicated by a solid line to a position of the switching unit 5a indicated by a two-dot chain line by a predetermined driving unit. As such, a solid-liquid separation device may be configured.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the example which detected the dehydration state of the discharge | emission was shown with the optical sensor as a detection part of this invention, this invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, for example, the dehydrated state of the discharged matter may be detected according to the load of the motor that rotates the screw of the solid-liquid separator. That is, the dehydration state of the discharged matter may be detected by using the fact that the load on the motor is small for the liquid treatment target and the motor load is large for the solid treatment target.

  Further, as in the second modification shown in FIG. 7, the detection unit 4 a includes two stainless plate members 9 a at the lower end of the discharge chute 2 and an insulating member 9 b disposed between the two members. The dehydrated state of the discharge may be detected based on the stainless plate member 9a being conducted by the discharge.

  Further, as in the third modification shown in FIG. 8, a liquid level sensor 4 b that detects a predetermined liquid level in the mixing tank 8 may be provided in the mixing tank 8 to detect the dehydrated state of the discharged matter. . In this case, if the liquid level sensor 4b does not continuously detect the liquid level in the mixing tank 8 for a predetermined time from the start of supply of the processing object to the mixing tank 8 while being measured for a predetermined time by the timer 61, the control is performed. The unit 6 performs control to switch the route of the emission from the first route 30 (see FIG. 1) to the second route 31 (see FIG. 1). The liquid level sensor 4b is an example of the “detection unit” in the claims.

  When a cohesion failure occurs in the mixing tank 8, the resistance in the solid-liquid separator main body 1 is reduced, so that the receiving flow rate of the object to be processed increases, and the liquid level in the mixing tank 8 does not increase. If the state in which the liquid level sensor 4b in the mixing tank 8 is not detected after being timed (time measurement is started) by the timer 61 continues for a predetermined time or more, it is determined that there is a cohesion failure, and the control unit 6 determines the route of the discharged matter. By switching from the first path 30 to the second path 31, it is possible to grasp the dehydration failure at an early stage on the upstream side of the discharge chute 2 and to respond quickly.

  In addition, the case where it does not detect continuously for a predetermined time from the supply start of a process target object is a case where the cohesion defect has arisen in the mixing tank by some abnormality of an apparatus. As an example of the abnormality of the apparatus, when the supply of the flocculant to the mixing tank is insufficient, the object to be treated is sent to the solid-liquid separation apparatus without being agglomerated and is dehydrated. This is a case where the resistance in the solid-liquid separation device decreases (the receiving flow rate of the processing object increases) and the liquid level in the mixing tank does not rise.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, when switching from the 1st path | route to the 2nd path | route by the control part was shown, the example which stopped the screw was shown, However, This invention is not limited to this. In this invention, when switching from a 1st path | route to a 2nd path | route by a control part, you may reversely rotate a screw.

  Moreover, although the example which provided the two optical sensors of this invention was shown in the said embodiment, this invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, one or three or more optical sensors may be provided.

  In the above embodiment, two optical sensors of the present invention are provided and arranged at a predetermined interval in the Y direction (width direction of the discharge portion). However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the optical sensors may be arranged at a predetermined interval in the X direction, or three or more optical sensors may be provided and arranged at a predetermined interval in the X direction and the Y direction.

  Further, in the above embodiment, when both (all) of the two (plural) photosensors of the present invention simultaneously detect the discharge continuously for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit switches the switching unit. Although an example in which the control is performed is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, when one (a part) of the two (plurality) of optical sensors (detecting units) continuously detects the discharged matter for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit switches the switching unit. You may comprise so that control may be performed.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the example using a reflection type optical sensor was shown as a detection part of this invention, this invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a transmissive optical sensor may be used as the detection unit of the present invention. In addition, the detection unit of the present invention is not configured by an optical sensor, but the detection unit of the present invention may be configured by a detection unit other than an optical sensor such as an image sensor.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the example using what was called a screw type solid-liquid separation apparatus was shown as a solid-liquid separation apparatus, this invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a so-called belt-type or multi-disc type solid-liquid separator may be used as the solid-liquid separator.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the 1st path | route was arrange | positioned directly under the discharge chute (discharge part), the 2nd path | route showed the example arrange | positioned in the position spaced apart from the discharge chute in planar view, Not limited to this. In the present invention, the position of the first path and the position of the second path may be interchanged. In this case, the plate-like portion 50 in the normal state is located at the second position, and the plate-like portion 50 in the abnormal state is located at the first position.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the example which returned the liquid discharge | emission to the sludge storage tank from the 2nd path | route was shown, this invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the liquid discharge does not have to be returned to the sludge storage tank. In this case, a predetermined process may be performed on the discharged material, and the discharged material may be stored in another storage unit or discharged.

  Moreover, although the example which used the motor as a drive source of the switching part was shown in the said embodiment, this invention is not limited to this. In this invention, you may use drive sources other than motors, such as an electromagnetic solenoid, as a drive source of a switching part.

  In the above embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the processing of the control unit of the present invention has been described using a flow-driven flowchart that performs processing in order along the processing flow, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the processing operation of the control unit may be performed by event-driven (event-driven) processing that executes processing for each event. In this case, it may be performed by a complete event drive type or a combination of event drive and flow drive.

1 Main part of solid-liquid separator 2 Discharge chute (discharge part)
4 Optical sensor (detection part)
4a detection unit 4b liquid level sensor (detection unit)
5, 5a Switching unit 6 Control unit 8 Mixing tank 12 Screw 12a Rotating shaft 13 Laminated filter body 30 First path 31 Second path 50 Plate-like part 61 Timer 100 Solid-liquid separator S Filtration groove

Claims (11)

A solid-liquid separator main body for performing a dehydration treatment of the processing object;
A discharge part in which the object to be dehydrated is discharged from the solid-liquid separator main body as discharge;
A detection unit for detecting the dehydration state of the processing object;
A switching unit that switches the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge unit to the first path or the second path;
A solid-liquid separator comprising: a control unit that controls the switching unit based on a detection result of the detection unit.   The control unit is configured to perform control to switch the path of the discharge from the first path to the second path when the detection unit detects that the dewatered state of the discharge is defective. The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1.   The controller switches the discharge path from the first path to the second path based on the detection result of the detection section, and performs control to stop the operation of the solid-liquid separator main body section. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the device is configured. The switching portion is formed in a flat plate shape and includes a rotatable plate-like portion,
The said control part is comprised so that the path | route of discharge may be controlled to switch from the said 1st path | route to the said 2nd path | route by rotating the said plate-shaped part of the said switching part. 4. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of 3 above. The first path is arranged directly below the discharge part,
The second path is disposed at a position separated from the discharge part in a plan view,
The switching unit closes the first path with the plate-like portion when the route of the discharge is switched from the first route to the second route, and connects the plate-like portion to discharge the waste. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 4, wherein the solid-liquid separation device is configured to lead to two paths. The detection unit includes a reflection-type or transmission-type optical sensor, and is configured to be able to detect the passage of discharged matter,
The control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time, and when the discharge of the discharged material is detected by the optical sensor continuously for the predetermined time or longer using the timer, the switching unit detects the discharged material. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solid-liquid separation device is configured to perform control for switching a route from the first route to the second route. A mixing tank for aggregating and flocking the solid components of the processing object supplied to the solid-liquid separator main body,
The detection unit includes a liquid level sensor that detects a predetermined liquid level in the mixing tank,
The control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time, and the liquid level in the mixing tank is determined by the liquid level sensor from the start of supply of the processing object to the mixing tank using the timer. The solid-liquid separation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solid-liquid separation is configured to perform a control to switch the path of the discharge from the first path to the second path when it is not continuously detected. apparatus.   The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second path is a path for returning discharged matter upstream of the solid-liquid separator main body.   The solid-liquid separator main body is provided with a rotating shaft, a screw that feeds the object to be processed along with the rotation of the rotating shaft, a laminated filter body that is disposed so as to surround the screw, and in which a filtration groove is formed. The solid-liquid separation apparatus of any one of Claims 1-8 containing the screw-type dehydration part which has.   The solid-liquid separator according to claim 9, wherein the rotation shaft of the screw is arranged substantially horizontally.   The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit is provided in the vicinity of the discharge unit.

Images