JP6776101B2 - Solid-liquid separator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device, and more particularly to a solid-liquid separation device including a solid-liquid separation device main body and a discharge unit for discharging discharge from the solid-liquid separation device main body.

Conventionally, a solid-liquid separation device including a solid-liquid separation device main body and a discharge unit for discharging discharge from the solid-liquid separation device main body is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The above-mentioned Patent Document 1 includes a screw-type solid body including a solid-liquid separation device main body and an outlet (discharge part) in which a dehydrated object to be processed is discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body as discharge. A liquid separator is disclosed. In general, the discharged product (dehydrated cake) discharged from the outlet is stored in the storage unit.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-57943

However, in the screw type solid-liquid separator disclosed in Patent Document 1, when a coagulation failure occurs, dehydration is not properly performed in the solid-liquid separator, and the liquid is discharged from the outlet (discharge part). There is an inconvenience that things continue to be discharged. As a result, there is a problem that the liquid discharge continues to be discharged into the storage portion of the solid discharge (dehydrated cake).

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and one object of the present invention is to prevent liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into a storage portion of a dehydrated cake. It is to provide a solid-liquid separator.

The solid-liquid separator according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a dehydration section having a screw that feeds the object to be processed and a filter body that is arranged so as to surround the screw and allows the filtrate of the object to be processed to pass through the filtrate. A solid-liquid separation device main body that includes and dehydrates the object to be processed, a discharge unit in which the dehydrated object to be processed is discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body as discharge, and a solid-liquid separation device main body. The optical sensor that detects the dehydration state of the discharge by detecting the passing state of the discharge discharged from the discharge section and the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge section are set to the first path or the second path. It includes a switching unit for switching and a control unit for controlling the switching unit based on the detection result of the optical sensor .

In the solid-liquid separation device according to one aspect of the present invention, as described above, the switching unit that switches the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge unit to the first path or the second path, and the dehydrated state of the object to be processed are set. A control unit that controls the switching unit is provided based on the detection result of the optical sensor to be detected. As a result, when the object to be treated is liquefied due to poor dehydration, the control unit determines the path of the discharge, for example, solid discharge, based on the detection result of the dehydration state by the optical sensor. It is possible to switch from the first path of the substance (dehydrated cake) to the second path of the liquid discharge. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the storage portion of the dehydrated cake in the case of poor dehydration.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, when the control unit detects that the dehydration state of the discharge is poor by the optical sensor , the discharge path is changed from the first path to the second path. It is configured to control switching. With this configuration, when a dehydration failure is detected by the optical sensor , the discharge path can be easily switched from the first path to the second path, so that the dehydrated cake storage portion is more reliably liquid. It is possible to prevent the discharge of the water from continuing to be discharged.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the control unit switches the discharge path from the first path to the second path based on the detection result of the optical sensor , and at the same time, the solid-liquid separation device main body unit. It is configured to control to stop the operation. With this configuration, in addition to switching the route, the dehydration process by the solid-liquid separation device main body can also be stopped, so that the discharge of the discharged material from the discharge unit can be substantially stopped. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the storage portion of the dehydrated cake.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the switching portion is formed in a flat plate shape and includes a rotatable plate-shaped portion, and the control unit rotates the plate-shaped portion of the switching portion. , It is configured to control the switching of the discharge route from the first route to the second route. With this configuration, the path of the discharged material can be easily switched from the first path to the second path by a simple operation of rotating the switching portion.

In this case, preferably, the first path is arranged directly under the discharge part, the second path is arranged at a position away from the discharge part in a plan view, and the switching part is the path of the discharge part. Is configured to block the first path with a plate-shaped portion and guide the discharge to the second path through the plate-shaped portion when the first path is switched to the second path. With this configuration, it is possible to guide the liquid discharge to the second path while surely suppressing the entry of the liquid discharge into the first path.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the optical sensor is a reflection type or transmission type optical sensor, which is configured to be able to detect the passage of discharged matter, and the control unit measures a predetermined time. When the discharge of the discharged material is continuously detected for a predetermined time or longer by the optical sensor including the possible timer, the switching unit controls the switching of the discharge path from the first path to the second path. It is configured to do. Generally, the liquid discharge is continuously discharged from the discharge part, and the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is intermittently discharged from the discharge part. Therefore, if it is configured as described above, the time during which the light of the optical sensor is blocked by the discharge is measured by using a timer, so that the liquid discharge can be easily and accurately produced without directly measuring the water content. It can be detected.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, a mixing tank for aggregating and flocking the solid components of the object to be processed supplied to the main body of the solid-liquid separation device and a predetermined liquid level in the mixing tank are detected. In addition to controlling the switching unit to switch to the first path or the second path based on the detection result of the optical sensor , the control unit further provides a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time. Including, when the liquid level in the mixing tank is not continuously detected for a predetermined time from the start of supply of the object to be processed to the mixing tank by the liquid level sensor using the timer, the route of the discharge is changed from the first path to the first path. It is configured to control switching to two routes. With this configuration, poor aggregation occurs in the mixing tank, the resistance in the main body of the solid-liquid separator becomes small (the receiving flow rate of the object to be processed becomes large), and the liquid level in the mixing tank continues for a predetermined time. Since it can be determined by the liquid level sensor and the timer that the water level does not rise, it is possible to grasp the dehydration failure at an early stage on the upstream side of the discharge unit and quickly respond to it.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the second path is a path for returning the discharged material to the upstream of the main body of the solid-liquid separation device. With this configuration, it is possible to perform the coagulation treatment and the dehydration treatment again on the discharge that has not been properly coagulated and dehydrated.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the dehydration portion is provided with a rotating shaft, and is arranged so as to surround the screw and the screw that feeds the object to be processed with the rotation of the rotating shaft to form a filtration groove. Includes a screw-type dehydration section having a laminated filter body. With this configuration, in the solid-liquid separation device including the screw-type dehydration section, it is possible to prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the storage section of the dehydrated cake.

In this case, preferably, the rotation axes of the screws are arranged substantially horizontally. With this configuration, the size of the solid-liquid separation device main body in the vertical direction can be reduced.

In the solid-liquid separation device according to the above one aspect, preferably, the optical sensor is provided in the vicinity of the discharge portion. With this configuration, the optical sensor detects the discharge actually discharged from the discharge unit, so that the dehydration state can be detected with high accuracy.

According to the present invention, as described above, it is possible to provide a solid-liquid separation device capable of suppressing the continuous discharge of liquid discharge into the storage portion of the dehydrated cake.

It is a schematic diagram which showed the whole structure of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged side view of the laminated filter body of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which showed the state which arranged the switching part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention in the 1st position. It is a figure which showed the state which arranged the switching part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention in a 2nd position. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process of the control part when the liquid discharge of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention is detected. It is a figure which showed the switching part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by the 1st modification of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which showed the detection part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by the 2nd modification of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which showed the mixing tank of the solid-liquid separation apparatus by the 3rd modification of one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Structure of solid-liquid separator)
The configuration of the solid-liquid separation device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

As shown in FIG. 1, the solid-liquid separation device 100 includes a solid-liquid separation device main body 1, a discharge chute 2, a housing 3 including a first path 30 and a second path 31, an optical sensor 4, and an optical sensor 4. It includes a switching unit 5 and a control unit 6. Further, the solid-liquid separation device 100 is provided with a sludge storage tank 7, a mixing tank 8, and a dehydrated cake storage unit T. Further, under the control of the control unit 6, the switching unit 5 discharges the discharge to the first position (position of the switching unit 5 in the normal state) (see FIG. 3) for guiding the discharge to the first path 30 and the second path 31. It is configured to be movable between the second position for guiding an object (the position of the switching unit 5 in an abnormal state) (see FIG. 4). Details will be described later. The discharge chute 2 is an example of a “discharge unit” within the scope of claims. Further, the optical sensor 4 is an example of a "detection unit" in the claims.

The normal state means a state in which the discharge discharged from the discharge port 11 of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 becomes a solid discharge (dehydrated cake). Further, the abnormal state means a state in which dehydration failure including poor aggregation occurs on the upstream side of the discharge port 11, and the discharge discharged from the discharge port 11 becomes a liquid discharge.

The sludge storage tank 7 is configured to store a treatment object (sludge) sent from a final settling basin (not shown). Further, a pump P1 is provided in the sludge storage tank 7. The object to be treated stored in the sludge storage tank 7 is configured to be sent to the mixing tank 8 by the pump P1. The pump P1 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 and is configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

The mixing tank 8 has a function of aggregating and flocking the solid components of the object to be treated supplied to the solid-liquid separation device main body 1. Specifically, the mixing tank 8 is provided with a motor M1 and an impeller 81 driven by the motor M1. Further, the mixing tank 8 is provided with a coagulant storage unit 82 for storing the coagulant and a pump P2. The coagulant storage unit 82 and the pump P2 may have either an integral configuration with the mixing tank 8 or a separate configuration from the mixing tank 8. The pump P2 is configured to supply the flocculant from the flocculant storage unit 82. The impeller 81 is arranged in the mixing tank 8 and is configured to aggregate the processing target object (sludge) supplied to the mixing tank 8 by stirring the coagulant. Further, the object to be treated in the mixing tank 8 is configured to be supplied from the mixing tank 8 to the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 by overflow. Further, the motor M1 and the pump P2 are each electrically connected to the control unit 6 and are configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

The solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is configured to perform dehydration treatment of the object to be treated. As shown in FIG. 1, the solid-liquid separator main body 1 includes a supply port 10, a discharge port 11, a screw 12, a plurality of movable plates 13a (see FIG. 2), and a plurality of fixing plates 13b (see FIG. 2). ), The motor M2, and the outer frame 14 are included. Further, the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is provided with a filtrate receiving portion 15 on the lower side.

The supply port 10 is an inlet portion to which sludge is supplied from the mixing tank 8 by overflow. Further, the discharge port 11 is provided on the downstream side of the supply port 10 and is an outlet portion for discharging sludge (dehydrated cake) that has been dehydrated. Further, a discharge chute 2 is arranged at the discharge port 11.

The screw 12 has a rotation shaft 12a extending (arranging) in a substantially horizontal direction. Further, the screw 12 is configured to rotate together with the rotating shaft 12a by a driving force from the motor M2, and to send sludge to the discharge port 11 side (rear side) as the rotating shaft 12a rotates.

Here, in the following description, the extending direction of the rotation shaft 12a (a predetermined direction in the horizontal direction) is defined as the X direction. Further, the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the solid-liquid separation device 100) in the horizontal direction is defined as the Y direction. Further, the vertical direction is the Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the laminated filter body 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape by laminating ring-shaped plate members (movable plate 13a and fixed plate 13b). Although not shown, the movable plate 13a and the fixing plate 13b have a disk shape when viewed from the front-rear direction (X direction), and have a first hole 130 through which the screw 12 is inserted in the central portion. .. That is, the movable plate 13a and the fixed plate 13b have a ring shape. Further, the laminated filter body 13 has a multi-plate structure in which the movable plate 13a and the fixing plate 13b are alternately laminated in the front-rear direction in a state where the screw 12 is inserted into the first hole 130 so as to surround the screw 12. have.

Further, the plurality of fixing plates 13b each have a second hole 131 (screw hole) into which the spacer F is screwed, in addition to the first hole 130 through which the screw 12 is inserted. Then, since the spacer F is screwed into the second hole 131, the fixing plate 13b is configured to maintain a predetermined distance from the other adjacent fixing plates 13b. As a result, in the solid-liquid separation device main body 1, a filtration groove S is formed between the fixing plates 13b.

The outer frame 14 is configured to fix the plurality of fixing plates 13b. Specifically, the outer frame 14 is arranged in contact with the outer peripheral ends of the plurality of fixing plates 13b to restrict the movement of each fixing plate 13b. Further, the outer frame 14 extends along the axial direction (X direction) of the rotating shaft 12a. Further, a plurality of abutting portions of the outer frame 14 to the fixing plate 13b are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the fixing plate 13b (for example, three outer frames 14 are provided at intervals of 120 degrees) (one outer frame). Only 14 is shown). The plurality of fixing plates 13b are fixed to the outer frame 14 so as to maintain a laminated state with the movable plate 13a. Further, since the inner peripheral diameter of the movable plate 13a constituting the first hole 130 is smaller than the outer peripheral diameter of the screw 12, the inner peripheral surface of the first hole 130 comes into contact with the outer peripheral portion of the screw 12. It is configured to always move in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the rotation shaft 12a of the screw 12 as the screw 12 rotates. As described above, the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is configured to suppress clogging of the filtration groove S by constantly moving the movable plate 13a in the filtration groove S by the rotation of the screw 12.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the filtrate receiving portion 15 is configured to receive the filtrate discharged through the filtration groove S from the lower side of the filtration groove S.

The discharge chute 2 extends diagonally downward from the discharge port 11 of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1, and is configured so that the discharge can fall naturally. Further, the discharge chute 2 is a portion where the dehydrated object to be treated is discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 as an discharge. Further, the discharge chute 2 is a path for guiding the discharge discharged from the discharge port 11 into the housing portion 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the discharge chute 2 is composed of a pair of side plates that extend in the Z direction and face each other in the Y direction, and a bottom plate that connects the bottom portions of the pair of side plates.

As shown in FIG. 2, the housing portion 3 is arranged diagonally downward (X1 direction side and Z1 direction side) of the solid-liquid separation device main body portion 1. Further, the housing portion 3 has a function as a saucer for receiving the discharged material guided by the discharge chute 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the housing portion 3 is generally formed in a box shape.

As shown in FIG. 1, the housing portion 3 includes a first path 30, a second path 31, and a partition plate 32 that partitions the first path 30 and the second path 31.

The first path 30 is arranged directly below the lower end of the discharge chute 2. Therefore, the discharge discharged by the discharge chute 2 is dropped toward the first path 30. Further, in principle, the first route 30 is a route through which a solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is passed. That is, the first path 30 is not a path through which the discharge is passed when the liquid discharge is discharged from the discharge chute 2. Therefore, the first path 30 is configured to be blocked by the switching unit 5 when the liquid discharge is discharged from the discharge chute 2. When the first path 30 is blocked, the liquid discharge is sent to the second path 31 by the switching unit 5. Details will be described later.

The discharge that has passed through the first path 30 is sent to the dehydrated cake storage unit T. The discharged material (dehydrated cake) stored in the dehydrated cake storage unit T is transported to a treatment plant by a truck or the like and processed by incineration or the like.

The second path 31 is arranged at a position away from the discharge chute 2 in a plan view (viewed from the Z direction). Specifically, the second path 31 is arranged on the X1 direction side of the discharge chute 2. Further, the second route 31 is arranged adjacent to the first route 30 on the X1 direction side of the first route 30. Further, the second path 31 is a path for returning the discharged material to the upstream of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1. Specifically, the discharge that has passed through the second path 31 is returned (recirculated) to the sludge storage tank 7 and sent to the mixing tank 8 and the solid-liquid separation device main body 1, so that the coagulation treatment is performed again. , Dehydration is performed.

The partition plate 32 is a plate-shaped member that partitions the inside of the housing portion 3 into two spaces. Specifically, the partition plate 32 has a rectangular flat plate shape. Further, the partition plate 32 extends in the Z direction. Further, the partition plate 32 is arranged between the first path 30 and the second path 31 in the X direction, and partitions the first path 30 and the second path 31. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the partition plate 32 is provided with a rectangular through hole 32a penetrating in the X direction. The through hole 32a is formed when the switching portion 5 shifts from the first position for guiding the discharge to the first path 30 to the second position (see FIG. 4) for guiding the discharge to the second path 31. It is a hole for passing a part of. The through hole 32a is configured to be closed with substantially no gap by the switching portion 5 at the first position. An optical sensor 4 is attached to the upper end of the partition plate 32.

As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality (two) of the optical sensors 4 are provided so as to be arranged in the Y direction. Further, the optical sensor 4 detects the dehydrated state of the object to be processed by the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2. Further, the optical sensor 4 is configured to be able to detect the passage of discharged matter. Specifically, the optical sensor 4 is a reflective optical sensor 4 including a projector 41b and a photodetector 41a. Further, the optical sensor 4 is arranged near the discharge chute 2 and above the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2. Therefore, the photosensor 4 is configured such that the light projector 41b irradiates the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2 with light from the upper side of the bottom plate of the discharge chute 2, and the light receiver 41a receives the reflected light. Further, the optical sensor 4 can detect the passage of the discharge because the light is blocked by the discharge when the discharge passes between the light sensor 4 and the discharge chute 2. The discharge state of the discharge detected by the optical sensor 4 is continuous when the liquid discharge is discharged (normal state) and when the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is discharged. In (abnormal state), it becomes intermittent.

The optical sensor 4 includes a mounting portion 40 and a sensor portion 41 attached to the mounting portion 40.

The mounting portion 40 is a portion to be mounted on the upper end of the partition plate 32 of the housing portion 3. The mounting portion 40 has a C-shaped mounting member 40a and a bolt 40b screwed into the mounting member 40a from the X1 direction side. The mounting member 40a is arranged so as to sandwich the upper end of the partition plate 32 in the X direction, and by pressing the tip of the bolt 40b against the surface of the partition plate 32 on the X1 direction side, the partition plate 32 is sandwiched and the partition plate is sandwiched. It is configured to be fixed at 32. Further, the mounting member 40a (optical sensor 4) is configured so that the mounting position can be moved in the Y direction by loosening the bolt 40b. Further, the two optical sensors 4 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the Y direction.

The sensor unit 41 includes a light receiver 41a and a floodlight 41b, a rotating unit 41c having a bolt 411 and a female screw portion 412, and a male screw rod 41d. The male screw rod 41d is attached to the female screw portion 412 of the rotating portion 41c. The receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b are attached to the lower ends of the male screw rods 41d, respectively.

The rotating portion 41c (sensor portion 41) is attached to the attachment member 40a by a bolt 411. Further, the rotating portion 41c (sensor portion 41) is configured to be rotatable in the Y direction by loosening the bolt 411.

The male screw rod 41d is a round bar-shaped member in which a male screw is formed throughout. Further, the male screw rod 41d moves the male screw rod 41d with respect to the female screw portion 412 by changing the screwing position of the rotating portion 41c with respect to the female screw portion 412, thereby moving the lower end of the male screw rod 41d. The height position (position in the Z direction) of the light receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b attached to the light receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b can be adjusted.

The receiver 41a is electrically connected to the control unit 6 and is configured to transmit a discharge detection signal (a signal indicating the presence or absence of the discharge) to the control unit 6.

As described above, the sensor unit 41 determines the positions of the receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b in the Y direction, the positions of the receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b in the rotational direction with respect to the Y direction, and the positions of the receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b in the Z direction. It is configured to be adjustable. As a result, the sensor unit 41 is configured to arrange the light receiver 41a and the floodlight 41b at predetermined positions with respect to the discharge chute 2 so that the discharge can be easily detected.

As shown in FIG. 1, the switching unit 5 is configured to switch the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 to the first path 30 or the second path 31. Further, the switching portion 5 includes a plate-shaped portion 50 and a motor M3 having a rotation center shaft 51. The switching unit 5 has a first position (see FIG. 3) in which the plate-shaped portion 50 is rotated around the rotation center shaft 51 by the motor M3 to guide the discharged material to the first path 30, and the second path 31. The plate-shaped portion 50 is configured to move between the second position (see FIG. 4) that guides the discharge to. Further, the switching unit 5 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 and is configured to be driven under the control of the control unit 6.

Specifically, the plate-shaped portion 50 has a rectangular flat plate shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate-shaped portion 50 is arranged along the partition plate 32 on the X2 direction side of the partition plate 32 of the housing portion 3 at the first position. Further, the plate-shaped portion 50 is arranged substantially parallel to the partition plate 32 at the first position. Further, at the first position, the upper end of the plate-shaped portion 50 is arranged slightly lower (Z2 direction side) than the upper end of the through hole 32a of the partition plate 32. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, side plates 52 extending in the X2 direction are provided at both ends of the plate-shaped portion 50 in the width direction (Y direction), respectively, at the first position. With this side plate 52, when the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position receives the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 from the lower side, the switching portion 5 can receive the discharge without leaking in the Y direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plate-shaped portion 50 is rotatably attached to the rotation center shaft 51. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 extends in the width direction (Y direction) of the plate-shaped portion 50. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 is arranged near the center of the plate-shaped portion 50 in the vertical direction (Z direction) at the first position. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 is arranged near the lower edge portion of the through hole 32a of the partition plate 32. Further, the rotation center shaft 51 is configured to rotate in a predetermined angle range by the motor M3. As a result, the plate-shaped portion 50 is configured to move an angular range between the plate-shaped portion 50 at the first position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 and the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position shown by the alternate long and short dash line. Has been done.

When the switching portion 5 switches from the first path 30 to the second path 31 (when the plate-shaped portion 50 is moved from the first position to the second position), the switching portion 5 closes the first path 30 with the plate-shaped portion 50. It is configured as follows. Specifically, the switching portion 5 moves the plate-shaped portion 50 so that one end 50a of the plate-shaped portion 50 at the first position moves substantially in the X2 direction and upward (Z1 direction). The plate-shaped portion 50 is configured to move from the first position to the second position.

As shown in FIG. 1, one end 50a (the end on the X2 direction side) of the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position is the other end 50b (the end on the X1 direction side) of the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position. It is located higher than. Therefore, when the switching unit 5 switches from the first path 30 to the second path 31 (when the plate-shaped portion 50 is moved from the first position to the second position), the switching portion 5 runs through the plate-shaped portion 50 and discharges. Is configured to lead to the second path 31.

Further, one end 50a (the end on the X2 direction side) of the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position is arranged on the lower side (Z2 direction side) of the discharge chute 2. That is, in the vertical direction (Z direction), one end 50a (the end on the X2 direction side) of the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position overlaps with the discharge chute 2. As a result, the switching portion 5 is configured so that the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position can receive the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 from the lower side without leakage.

As shown in FIG. 3, the size W1 of the plate-shaped portion 50 in the Y direction (width direction) is larger than the size W2 of the discharge chute 2 in the Y direction (width direction). As a result, the switching portion 5 is configured so that the plate-shaped portion 50 at the second position can reliably receive the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 from the lower side without leakage.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 6 is electrically connected to each of the pump P1, the pump P2, the motor M1, the motor M2, the motor M3, and the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a). The control unit 6 is configured to control the pump P1, the pump P2, the motor M1, the motor M2, and the motor M3 based on the detection signal received from the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a). Further, when the control unit 6 detects that the dehydration state of the discharged material is poor by the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a), the motor M3 rotates the plate-shaped portion 50 (rotation center shaft 51). Therefore, it is configured to control the switching of the discharge route from the first route 30 to the second route 31.

Specifically, when the control unit 6 continuously detects the discharge of the discharged material for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, etc.) by the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a), the switching unit 5 causes the switching unit 5. It is configured to control the switching of the discharge route from the first route 30 to the second route 31. The case where the emission of the discharged material is continuously detected for a predetermined time or longer is a case where the light emitted from the floodlight 41b is blocked by the discharged material and the light receiver 41a cannot receive the light continuously for a predetermined time or longer. is there. In short, it is a case where the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a) detects that the dehydration state of the discharged material is poor. Further, the control unit 6 includes a timer 61 for measuring a predetermined time. The predetermined time is usually set to a longer time than the time when the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is discharged from the discharge chute 2 and the discharge blocks the light emitted from the floodlight 41b. In short, the discharge detected by the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a) after measuring for a predetermined time is a liquid discharge.

(Processing by the control unit when liquid discharge is detected)
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, a processing flow when a liquid discharge is detected by the control unit 6 will be described.

First, in step S1, the discharge from the discharge chute 2 by the control unit 6 (timer 61) and the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a) is continuously discharged for a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, etc.) or more. It is determined whether or not it has been detected. Specifically, the timer 61 of the control unit 6 counts the time during which the light emitted from the floodlight 41b is blocked by the discharged material and the light receiver 41a cannot receive the light. The count of the timer 61 is measured when the light receivers 41a of the two (plurality) photosensors 4 cannot receive the light from the light projectors 41b at the same time. In short, when both (all) of the two (plurality) optical sensors 4 simultaneously detect the discharge continuously for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit 6 performs each control according to the following step S2. Further, the count of the timer 61 is reset once when one of the photodetectors 41a of at least two photosensors 4 receives the light from the light projector 41b (when the state in which the light cannot be received is interrupted).

In step S1, if the control unit 6 does not continuously detect the discharged material for a predetermined time or longer by the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a), the timer 61 is reset and step S1 is repeated. Further, in step S1, when the control unit 6 continuously detects the discharge by the optical sensor 4 (receiver 41a) for a predetermined time or longer (when the light receiver 41a cannot continuously receive light for a predetermined time or longer). ), The process proceeds to step S2.

Next, in step S2, the control unit 6 controls to drive and stop each unit.

Specifically, in step S2, the control unit 6 switches from the first path 30 to the second path 31. Specifically, in step S2, the motor M3 is driven by the control unit 6, and the plate-shaped portion 50 of the switching unit 5 is rotated by the motor M3 together with the rotation center shaft 51. As a result, the plate-shaped portion 50 of the switching portion 5 is moved from the first position (see FIG. 3) to the second position (see FIG. 4), and the discharge path is changed from the first path 30 to the second path 31. Can be switched.

Further, in step S2, the control unit 6 stops the operation of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1. Specifically, the control unit 6 stops the rotation of the screw 12 by stopping the motor M2.

Further, in step S2, the control unit 6 stops the pump P1 of the sludge storage tank 7. That is, the supply of sludge from the sludge storage tank 7 to the mixing tank 8 is stopped.

Further, in step S2, the control unit 6 stops the pump P2 that supplies the coagulant to the mixing tank 8.

Further, in step S2, the control unit 6 stops the motor M1 for rotating the impeller 81 in the mixing tank 8, and the impeller 81 is stopped.

(Effect of embodiment)
In this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

In the present embodiment, as described above, the switching unit 5 that switches the path of the discharge discharged from the discharge chute 2 to the first path 30 or the second path 31 and the optical sensor that detects the dehydration state of the object to be processed. A control unit 6 for controlling the switching unit 5 is provided based on the detection result of 4. As a result, when the object to be processed is liquefied due to poor dehydration of the object to be processed, the control unit 6 sets the path of the discharge as a solid discharge based on the detection result of the dehydration state by the optical sensor 4. It is possible to switch from the first path 30 of the object (dehydrated cake) to the second path 31 of the liquid discharge. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged to the dehydrated cake storage unit T in the case of poor dehydration.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, when the control unit 6 detects that the dehydration state of the discharge is poor by the optical sensor 4, the discharge path is changed from the first path 30 to the second path. It is configured to control switching to 31. As a result, when the dehydration failure is detected by the optical sensor 4, the route of the discharged material is easily switched from the first route 30 to the second route 31, so that the dehydrated cake storage portion T is more reliably liquid. It is possible to prevent the discharge from continuing to be discharged.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the control unit 6 switches the discharge path from the first path 30 to the second path 31 based on the detection result of the optical sensor 4, and the solid-liquid separation device main body. It is configured to control to stop the operation of the unit 1. As a result, in addition to switching the route, the dehydration process by the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 can also be stopped, so that the discharge of the discharged material from the discharge chute 2 can be substantially stopped. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged into the dehydrated cake storage portion T.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the switching portion 5 is formed in a flat plate shape and includes a rotatable plate-shaped portion 50, and the control unit 6 rotates the plate-shaped portion 50 of the switching portion 5. By doing so, it is configured to control the switching of the discharge route from the first route 30 to the second route 31. As a result, the path of the discharged material can be easily switched from the first path 30 to the second path 31 by a simple operation of rotating the switching unit 5.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the first path 30 is arranged directly under the discharge chute 2, and the second path 31 is arranged at a position away from the discharge chute 2 in a plan view. When the path of the discharge is switched from the first path 30 to the second path 31, the switching unit 5 closes the first path 30 with the plate-shaped portion 50 and connects the discharge with the plate-shaped portion 50. It is configured to lead to the second path 31. As a result, the liquid discharge can be guided to the second path 31 while surely suppressing the entry of the liquid discharge into the first path 30.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the reflection type optical sensor 4 is provided, the optical sensor 4 is configured to be able to detect the passage of the discharged material, and the control unit 6 is provided with a timer 61 capable of measuring a predetermined time. When the control unit 6 continuously detects the discharge of the discharged material by the optical sensor 4 using the timer 61 for a predetermined time or longer, the switching unit 5 sets the discharge path from the first path 30 to the first path. It is configured to control switching to the two paths 31. Generally, the liquid discharge is continuously discharged from the discharge chute 2, and the solid discharge (dehydrated cake) is intermittently discharged from the discharge chute 2. Therefore, by configuring as described above, the time during which the light of the optical sensor 4 is blocked by the discharge is measured by using the timer 61, so that the liquid discharge can be easily produced without directly measuring the water content. Moreover, it can be detected with high accuracy.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the second path 31 is used as a path for returning the discharged material to the upstream of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1. As a result, the coagulation treatment and the dehydration treatment can be performed again on the discharges that have not been properly coagulated and dehydrated.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 is provided with the rotary shaft 12a so as to surround the screw 12 and the screw 12 that feed the object to be processed as the rotary shaft 12a rotates. A screw type dehydration portion is provided which has a laminated filter body 13 which is arranged and has a filtration groove S formed therein. As a result, in the solid-liquid separation device 100 including the screw-type dehydration unit, it is possible to prevent the liquid discharge from being continuously discharged to the dehydrated cake storage unit T.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the rotation shaft 12a of the screw 12 is arranged substantially horizontally. As a result, the size of the solid-liquid separation device main body 1 in the vertical direction can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the optical sensor 4 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge chute 2. As a result, the optical sensor 4 detects the discharged material actually discharged from the discharge chute 2, so that the dehydrated state can be detected with high accuracy.

(Modification example)
It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and are not considered to be restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the description of the above-described embodiment, and further includes all modifications (modifications) within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

For example, in the above embodiment, an example in which the first path and the second path are switched by rotating the switching portion is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the first path 30 and the second path 31 may be switched by sliding the switching portion 5a as in the first modification shown in FIG. Specifically, a flat plate-shaped switching portion 5a is provided on the lower side of the discharge chute 2, and a predetermined driving portion can slide and move from the position of the switching portion 5a indicated by the solid line to the position of the switching portion 5a indicated by the alternate long and short dash line. The solid-liquid separation device may be configured as described above.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the dehydrated state of the discharged material is detected by an optical sensor as the detection unit of the present invention is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, for example, the dehydration state of the discharged material may be detected according to the load of the motor that rotates the screw of the solid-liquid separator. That is, the dehydration state of the discharged material may be detected by utilizing the fact that the load on the motor is small for the liquid object to be processed and the load on the motor is large for the solid object to be processed.

Further, as in the second modification shown in FIG. 7, the detection unit 4a includes two stainless steel plate-shaped members 9a at the lower end of the discharge chute 2 and an insulating member 9b arranged between them. The dehydration state of the discharge may be detected based on the stainless steel plate-shaped member 9a being conducted by the discharge.

Further, as in the third modification shown in FIG. 8, a liquid level sensor 4b for detecting a predetermined liquid level in the mixing tank 8 may be provided in the mixing tank 8 to detect the dehydration state of the discharged product. .. In this case, control is performed if the liquid level in the mixing tank 8 is not continuously detected for a predetermined time from the start of supply of the object to be processed to the mixing tank 8 while the timer 61 measures the liquid level for a predetermined time. The unit 6 controls to switch the discharge route from the first route 30 (see FIG. 1) to the second route 31 (see FIG. 1). The liquid level sensor 4b is an example of a "detection unit" in the claims.

When a coagulation failure occurs in the mixing tank 8, the resistance in the solid-liquid separator main body 1 becomes small, so that the receiving flow rate of the object to be treated becomes large, and the liquid level in the mixing tank 8 does not rise. If the situation where the liquid level sensor 4b in the mixing tank 8 is not detected continues for a predetermined time or longer after the time is measured by the timer 61 (time measurement is started), it is determined that the aggregation is poor, and the control unit 6 determines the path of the discharge. By switching from the first path 30 to the second path 31, it is possible to quickly grasp the dehydration failure on the upstream side of the discharge chute 2 and quickly respond to it.

The case where the object to be processed is not detected continuously for a predetermined time from the start of supply is a case where poor aggregation occurs in the mixing tank due to some abnormality in the device. As an example of an abnormality of the device, when the coagulant is insufficiently supplied to the mixing tank, the object to be treated is sent to the solid-liquid separator in a substantially liquid state without coagulation treatment, and dehydration treatment is performed. This is a case where the resistance in the solid-liquid separator becomes small (the receiving flow rate of the object to be treated becomes large) and the liquid level in the mixing tank does not rise.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the screw is stopped when switching from the first path to the second path by the control unit is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the screw may be rotated in the reverse direction when switching from the first path to the second path by the control unit.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which two optical sensors of the present invention are provided is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, one or three or more optical sensors may be provided.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example is shown in which two optical sensors of the present invention are provided and arranged at predetermined intervals in the Y direction (width direction of the discharging portion), but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the optical sensors may be arranged at predetermined intervals in the X direction, or three or more may be provided and arranged at predetermined intervals in the X and Y directions.

Further, in the above embodiment, when both (all) of the two (plurality) optical sensors of the present invention continuously detect the discharged material for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit switches the switching unit. Although an example configured to perform control is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, when one (part) of the two (plurality) optical sensors (detection units) continuously detects the discharged material for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit switches the switching unit. It may be configured to perform control.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which a reflection type optical sensor is used as the detection unit of the present invention is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a transmissive optical sensor may be used as the detection unit of the present invention. Further, the detection unit of the present invention may not be composed of an optical sensor, but the detection unit of the present invention may be composed of a detection unit other than the optical sensor such as an image sensor.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which a so-called screw type solid-liquid separation device is used as the solid-liquid separation device has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a so-called belt type or multiple disk type solid-liquid separation device may be used as the solid-liquid separation device.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the first path is arranged directly under the discharge chute (discharge part) and the second path is arranged at a position away from the discharge chute in a plan view. Not limited to this. In the present invention, the position of the first path and the position of the second path may be interchanged and arranged. In this case, the plate-shaped portion 50 in the normal state is located in the second position, and the plate-shaped portion 50 in the abnormal state is located in the first position.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the liquid discharge is returned to the sludge storage tank from the second route is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, it is not necessary to return the liquid discharge to the sludge storage tank. In this case, the discharged material may be subjected to a predetermined treatment and stored in another storage unit or discharged.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which a motor is used as a drive source of the switching unit is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, a drive source other than the motor such as an electromagnetic solenoid may be used as the drive source of the switching unit.

Further, in the above embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the processing of the control unit of the present invention has been described using a flow-driven flowchart in which the processing is sequentially performed along the processing flow, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the processing operation of the control unit may be performed by event-driven (event-driven) processing that executes processing for each event. In this case, it may be completely event-driven, or it may be a combination of event-driven and flow-driven.

1 Solid-liquid separator main body 2 Discharge chute (discharge part)
4 Optical sensor (detector)
4a detector 4b liquid level sensor (detector)
5, 5a Switching part 6 Control part 8 Mixing tank 12 Screw 12a Rotating shaft 13 Laminated filter medium 30 1st path 31 2nd path 50 Plate-shaped part 61 Timer 100 Solid-liquid separator S Filter groove

Claims (11)

A solid that includes a dehydration section that includes a screw that feeds the object to be processed and a filter that is arranged so as to surround the screw and allows the filtrate of the object to be processed to pass through. The main body of the liquid separator and
A discharge unit in which the dehydrated object is discharged from the solid-liquid separator main body as discharge waste,
An optical sensor that detects the dehydration state of the discharge by detecting the passing state of the discharge discharged from the solid-liquid separation device main body to the discharge unit .
A switching unit that switches the route of the discharge discharged from the discharge unit to the first route or the second route,
A solid-liquid separation device including a control unit that controls the switching unit based on the detection result of the optical sensor . The control unit is configured to control switching the path of the discharge from the first path to the second path when the optical sensor detects that the dehydration state of the discharge is poor. , The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1. Based on the detection result of the optical sensor , the control unit switches the discharge path from the first path to the second path, and controls to stop the operation of the solid-liquid separation device main body. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured. The switching portion is formed in a flat plate shape and includes a rotatable plate-shaped portion.
The control unit is configured to control the switching of the discharge path from the first path to the second path by rotating the plate-shaped portion of the switching unit. The solid-liquid separation apparatus according to any one of 3. The first path is arranged directly below the discharge portion.
The second path is arranged at a position away from the discharge portion in a plan view.
When the path of the discharge is switched from the first path to the second path, the switching unit closes the first path with the plate-shaped portion and connects the discharge to the second path. The solid-liquid separator according to claim 4, which is configured to lead to two paths. The optical sensor is a reflective or transmissive optical sensor , and is configured to be capable of detecting the passage of emissions.
The control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time, and when the optical sensor detects the discharge of the discharge continuously for the predetermined time or longer by using the timer, the switching unit causes the discharge. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is configured to control switching the route from the first route to the second route. A mixing tank for flocculation and agglomeration of the solid component of the processing object supplied to the solid-liquid separator main body,
Further comprising a liquid level sensor for detecting a predetermined liquid level of the previous SL mixing tank,
The control unit includes a timer capable of measuring a predetermined time in addition to controlling switching to the first path or the second path by the switching unit based on the detection result of the optical sensor , and the liquid. When the liquid level in the mixing tank is not continuously detected for a predetermined time from the start of supply of the object to be processed to the mixing tank by the position sensor using the timer, the discharge path is the first path. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is configured to control switching to the second path. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second path is a path for returning the discharged material to the upstream of the solid-liquid separation device main body. The dewatering unit, screw having the rotary shaft is provided, said screw sending with a processing object to the rotation of the rotary shaft, are arranged so as to surround the screw, and a laminated filter body filtration groove is formed The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which includes a type dehydration unit. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 9, wherein the rotation shaft of the screw is arranged substantially horizontally. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the optical sensor is provided in the vicinity of the discharge portion.

Images