JP2018066184A - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a work machine capable of carrying into a working room through a material shaft without disassembling a traveling body into a plurality of units even with a work machine having a lateral dimension of the traveling body larger than usual.SOLUTION: A traveling body 110 has left and right expansion/contraction cylinders 117 for sliding front and rear traveling rollers 113a, 113b with respect to a traveling frame 111 in front and rear direction and is configured to be capable of reducing a longitudinal dimension (total length) of the traveling body 110 until it can pass through a material shaft (carrying-in passage), by sliding the front and rear traveling rollers 113a, 113b in the direction in which the front and rear traveling rollers 113a, 113b approach each other by the left and right expansion/contraction cylinders 117.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a work machine that travels and moves while being suspended along a travel rail provided on a ceiling portion of a work room.

  As an example of such a working machine, there is an excavator used in a pneumatic caisson method known as a construction method for constructing underground structures such as bridges, building foundations, shield tunnel start shafts, and the like. In the pneumatic caisson method, a caisson made of reinforced concrete is constructed on the ground, an airtight work room is provided at the bottom of the caisson, and compressed air corresponding to the ground water pressure is sent into the work room, so that groundwater into the work room Is designed to prevent intrusions. Then, in that state, excavate the ground of the floor of the working room, sink the caisson into the ground while discharging the excavated earth and sand, and build underground structures such as bridges and building foundations It is a construction method. In such a pneumatic caisson method, an excavator such as a power shovel is carried into a work chamber, and excavation work is performed using the excavator. In such an excavator, since the floor of the work room is a ground containing a lot of groundwater and it is difficult to travel on a crawler track, a travel rail is provided on the ceiling of the work room and suspended along the travel rail. In this state, the vehicle is configured to travel and move to perform excavation work on the ground of the working room floor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the pneumatic caisson method, a circular shaft that connects the ground and the working chamber is provided in the ceiling of the working chamber so as to enter and exit the working chamber that is under air pressure, and this circular shaft (hereinafter referred to as the material shaft). ) Is provided with an air lock for adjusting the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure on the ground and the working chamber. The excavator is configured to be detachable into a plurality of component devices so that it can pass through the material shaft, and is carried from the ground to the working chamber through the material shaft. And each component apparatus is assembled | attached in a working chamber, and an excavator is installed in the state hung on the running rail provided in the ceiling part of the working chamber.

JP-A-2015-108244

  The size of the underground structure (caisson) constructed by the pneumatic caisson method varies, and in the case of a small caisson, the work chamber provided at the bottom of the caisson is also narrow. In such a narrow working room, a pair of left and right traveling rails may be provided with the material shaft opening in the ceiling of the working room sandwiched therebetween. Since such a traveling rail is arrange | positioned on both sides of the opening part of a material shaft, the rail width on either side becomes larger than usual. Therefore, the left and right wheel widths of the excavator installed on such a traveling rail are also larger than usual. However, when the left and right wheel widths are larger than usual, the lateral dimension (full width) of the traveling body of the excavator equipped with these wheels increases, and the traveling body cannot pass through the material shaft and is carried into the working room. I can't put it in. Therefore, conventionally, the traveling body is configured so as to be disassembled into a plurality of units, and is carried into a work chamber through a material shaft in a state of being disassembled into a plurality of units and assembled in the work chamber. However, since the work chamber is in a high-pressure state and there is a risk of high-pressure failure (decompression sickness), the work time in the work chamber is limited. Therefore, there is a demand for an excavator that can efficiently perform assembly work and removal work in the work chamber in a short time.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and even if the working body has a larger lateral dimension than the normal size, the traveling body passes through the material shaft without disassembling the traveling body into a plurality of units. It is an object of the present invention to provide a work machine that can be carried into a work chamber.

  In order to achieve the above object, a work machine according to the present invention has a pair of left and right wheels (for example, front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b in the embodiment) on the front and rear of a traveling frame, respectively, and is provided on a ceiling portion of a working room. The wheels are attached to the pair of left and right traveling rails, and the traveling body travels and moves while being suspended along the traveling rails, and the working device provided in the traveling body (for example, the boom 130 and the bucket in the embodiment) Attachment 150). The working device is configured to be detachable from the traveling body, and the traveling device passes through a carry-in passage (for example, the material shaft 23 in the embodiment) that opens to the ceiling and connects the outside and the working chamber. A body and the working device are carried into the working chamber, and the traveling body and the working device are assembled and installed in the working chamber. In addition, the traveling body includes a moving mechanism (for example, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 in the embodiment) that slides the pair of left and right wheels in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling frame. By sliding the pair of left and right wheels in a direction in which the front and rear wheels approach each other, the longitudinal dimension of the traveling body can be reduced until it can pass through the carry-in passage.

  In the work machine having the above-described configuration, the pair of left and right traveling rails are provided on the ceiling portion with the opening of the carry-in passage interposed therebetween, and the pair of left and right traveling rails are matched to the width of the pair of left and right traveling rails. The distance between the wheels may be set, and the lateral dimension of the traveling body may be set larger than the dimension of the opening of the carry-in passage.

  In the working machine configured as described above, when the traveling body travels while being suspended by the traveling rail in the working chamber, the moving mechanism slides the pair of left and right wheels in a direction in which the front and rear wheels are separated from each other. It is preferable to be used in a state in which the distance of the wheels is increased.

  According to the present invention, the traveling body has a moving mechanism that slides the pair of left and right wheels in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling frame, and the moving mechanism slides the pair of left and right wheels in a direction in which the front and rear wheels approach each other. Thus, the longitudinal dimension (full length) of the traveling body is configured to be reduced until it can pass through the carry-in passage connecting the outside and the work chamber. For this reason, even if the working machine has a larger lateral dimension (full width) than usual, the traveling mechanism reduces the overall length of the traveling body through the carry-in passage (material shaft) into the working chamber. A traveling body can be carried in. Therefore, while the traveling body is carried into the working chamber and assembled in a state of being disassembled into a plurality of units as in the prior art, the present invention does not require the work of disassembling and assembling the traveling body into a plurality of units. Therefore, the assembling work and the detaching work in the work chamber can be efficiently performed in a short time.

  Further, when the traveling body travels while being suspended by a traveling rail in the working chamber, the pair of left and right wheels are slid in the direction in which the front and rear wheels are separated by the moving mechanism to increase the distance between the front and rear wheels. With the configuration used, stable running is possible, and work by the working device can be performed stably.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the main equipment of a pneumatic caisson method. It is a side view of the excavator which is an example of the working machine which concerns on this invention. It is a rear view of the excavator (a part of the frame of the traveling body is omitted). It is a side view of the traveling body which constitutes the excavator (a part of the frame of the traveling body is omitted). It is a top view of the said traveling body. It is a side view which shows the turning frame and base end boom of the said traveling body. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram in the excavator. It is a side view of the state which reduced the space | interval of the traveling roller before and behind the said traveling body. It is a side view of the state which expanded the space | interval of the traveling roller before and behind the said traveling body.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, main equipment of a pneumatic caisson method in which an excavator as an example of a working machine according to the present invention is used will be described with reference to FIG. The pneumatic caisson method uses the excavation equipment E1, the outfitting equipment E2, the earth discharging equipment E3, the air supply equipment E4, and the spare / safety equipment E5 to submerge the caisson 1 made of reinforced concrete into the ground. It is configured to build a structure.

  The excavation facility E1 includes an excavator 100 (hereinafter referred to as a caisson excavator 100) installed in a work chamber 2 provided at the bottom of the caisson 1, and a cylindrical earth bucket 31 formed of earth and sand excavated by the caisson excavator 100. The earth and sand automatic loading device 11 to be loaded on the ground, and the ground remote control room 13 including the remote control device 12 for remotely controlling the operation of the caisson excavator 100 from the ground. The excavation equipment E <b> 1 is operated by receiving electric power from a power generation device (not shown). The electric power from this power generator is also supplied to the outfitting equipment E2, the earth discharging equipment E3, and the air supply equipment E4.

  The outfitting equipment E2 includes a cylindrical man shaft 21 that connects the ground and the work chamber 2 so that an operator can enter and leave the work chamber 2, and the atmospheric pressure on the ground and the pressure in the work chamber 2 provided on the man shaft 21. A man-lock 22 (air lock) that adjusts the difference, and a cylindrical material shaft 23 that connects the ground and the working chamber 2 in order to carry the earth bucket 31 loaded with the earth and sand by the earth and sand automatic loading device 11 to the ground, A material lock 24 (air lock) is provided on the material shaft 23 and adjusts the atmospheric pressure on the ground and the pressure difference in the work chamber 2. A spiral staircase 25 is provided in the man shaft 21, and an operator can go back and forth between the ground and the work room 2 using the spiral staircase 25. Each of the manlock 22 and the material lock 24 has a double door structure, and is configured so that the worker and the earth bucket 31 can enter and leave the work room 2 while suppressing the change in the atmospheric pressure in the work room 2. Has been.

  The earth removal facility E3 includes an earth bucket 31 on which earth and sand excavated by the caisson excavator 100 are loaded, a carrier device 32 for lifting the earth bucket 31 to the ground via the material shaft 23, and the earth bucket 31 and the carrier. An earth and sand hopper 33 for temporarily storing earth and sand carried to the ground by the device 32 is provided.

  The air supply facility E4 includes an air compressor 42 that sends compressed air into the working chamber 2 via the air supply path 41 formed in the air supply pipe 41 and the caisson 1, and air that purifies the compressed air sent by the air compressor 42. A cleaning device 43, an air supply pressure adjusting device 44 for adjusting the amount (pressure) of compressed air sent from the air compressor 42 into the work chamber 2 so that the air pressure in the work chamber 2 is substantially equal to the groundwater pressure, And an automatic pressure reducing device 45 for reducing the pressure inside the lock 22.

The spare / safety equipment E5 includes an emergency air compressor 51 capable of sending compressed air into the work chamber 2 in place of the air compressor 42 when the air compressor 42 fails or is inspected, and the power generator. Instead, an emergency generator (not shown) capable of supplying power to the excavation equipment E1, the outfitting equipment E2, the earthing equipment E3, and the air supply equipment E4, and the worker who performed the work in the work room 2 And a hospital lock 53 (decompression chamber) for gradually acclimatizing the worker's body to atmospheric pressure.

  Next, the caisson excavator 100 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the caisson excavator 100 is attached to a pair of left and right traveling rails 4 provided on the ceiling of the work chamber 2 and travels while being suspended along the left and right traveling rails 4. A traveling body 110 that moves, a boom 130 that is attached to the swing frame 121 of the traveling body 110 so as to be raised and lowered, a bucket attachment 150 that is attached to the tip of the boom 130, and a counterweight 158 that is attached to the traveling body 110. Configured. The caisson excavator 100 is configured to be disassembled into a traveling body 110, a boom 130, a bucket attachment 150, and a counterweight 158 so as to be removable.

  A plurality of left and right traveling rails 4 are provided at a plurality of locations on the ceiling of the work chamber 2 so as to extend in parallel with a predetermined interval (rail width). These traveling rails 4 are provided with a material shaft 23 (automatic earth and sand loading device 11) connected to the inside of the work chamber 2 interposed therebetween, and the rail width is larger than the outer diameter of the material shaft 23. Some are.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the traveling body 110 includes a traveling frame 111 and a turning frame 121 that is turnably provided on the lower surface side of the traveling frame 111. A pair of left and right front traveling rollers 113a (front wheels) and a pair of left and right rear traveling rollers 113b (rear wheels) are provided on the front and back sides of the traveling frame 111 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling frame 111. . The left and right front travel rollers 113a are connected to the left and right front travel gear boxes 119a, respectively, and the left and right front travel gear boxes 119a are respectively fixed on the left and right front slide plates 112a. The left and right front slide plates 112a are provided on the upper surface of the traveling frame 111 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction (slidable). The left and right front traveling gear boxes 119a and the left and right front traveling rollers are mounted together with the front slide plates 112a. 113a is provided on the traveling frame 111 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction.

  Similar to the left and right front running rollers 113a, the left and right rear running rollers 113b are connected to the left and right rear running gear boxes 119b, respectively, and these rear running gear boxes 119b are respectively fixed on the left and right rear slide plates 112b. ing. The left and right rear slide plates 112b are slidably movable in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the traveling frame 111 (slidable). The left and right rear traveling gear boxes 119b and the left and right rear traveling rollers are mounted together with the rear slide plates 112b. 113b is provided on the traveling frame 111 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. An upper plate 116a and a lower plate 116b extending in the front-rear direction are fixed to the left and right ends of the upper surface of the traveling frame 111 with a plurality of bolts, respectively. The left and right front slide plates 112a and the left and right rear slide plates 112b are respectively sandwiched between the left and right upper plates 116a and the upper surface of the traveling frame 111 so that the movement in the vertical and horizontal directions is restricted and the slides in the front and rear directions. It is provided in a movable state.

The front and rear travel rollers 113a and 113b are set such that the left and right roller intervals (tread widths) match the rail width of the left and right travel rails 4, respectively. The traveling body 110 is installed in a state where front and rear traveling rollers 113 a and 113 b are attached to the left and right traveling rails 4 and are suspended from the traveling rails 4. The rail width of the left and right traveling rails 4 is set to be larger than the outer diameter dimension of the material shaft 23 as described above, and the lateral dimension (full width) of the traveling body 110 attached to such a traveling rail 4 is as follows. ) Is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the material shaft 23.

  The travel frame 111 is provided with a front travel motor 114a that rotationally drives the left and right front travel rollers 113a, and a rear travel motor 114b that rotationally drives the left and right rear travel rollers 113b. The left and right front travel rollers 113a are connected by a front drive shaft 118a. The front traveling motor 114a transmits the rotational driving force to the left and right front traveling rollers 113a via the front drive shaft 118a and the left and right front traveling gear boxes 119a, and rotationally drives the left and right front traveling rollers 113a together. ing. The left and right rear running rollers 113b are connected by a rear drive shaft 118b. The rear traveling motor 114b transmits rotational driving force to the left and right rear traveling rollers 113b via the rear drive shaft 118b and the left and right rear traveling gear boxes 119b, and rotationally drives the left and right rear traveling rollers 113b together. ing. The traveling body 110 is configured to travel and move in a state where the traveling body 110 is suspended along the left and right traveling rails 4 by rotationally driving the four traveling rollers 113a and 113b.

  The traveling frame 111 is provided with a total of eight brake cylinders 115 at the front and rear positions of the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b. Each of the eight brake cylinders 115 is provided such that the tip of a piston rod 115a (hereinafter referred to as the brake rod 115a) faces the upper plate 116a of the traveling frame 111. The traveling body 110 attached to the left and right traveling rails 4 operates the eight brake cylinders 115 to extend, thereby bringing the tip of each brake rod 115a into contact with the traveling rail 4 so that the traveling body 110 is moved to the traveling rail 4. The front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b are separated from the traveling rail 4, and the traveling rail 4 is sandwiched between the tip of each brake rod 115a and the upper plate 116a of the traveling frame 111 ( (See FIG. 3). Thus, the traveling body 110 is configured to perform traveling braking (brake operation) of the traveling body 110 by the eight brake cylinders 115 in this way.

  The traveling frame 111 is provided with a pair of left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117. The traveling body 110 extends and contracts the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 to move the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and the left and right rear traveling rollers 113b together in a traveling frame in a direction in which the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b are separated from each other. The wheel base 111 is configured to be slidable (the wheel base is enlarged and reduced). As described above, the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b (foil base) is expanded and contracted by the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 so that the longitudinal dimension (full length) of the traveling body 110 can be changed. When the traveling body 110 is reduced until the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b becomes the smallest, the longitudinal dimension of the traveling body 110 becomes smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the material shaft 23, and the dimension capable of passing through the material shaft 23. It is configured to be.

  A swivel frame 121 is pivotally attached to a substantially central portion on the lower surface side of the traveling frame 111 via a swivel bearing 122. The turning frame 121 is provided with a turning motor 123 (see FIG. 2). The drive shaft of the swing motor 123 extends to the inside of the swing bearing 122, and a pinion that meshes with the internal gear of the swing bearing 122 is attached to the drive shaft. When the turning motor 123 is driven to rotate, a reaction force generated by the meshing of the pinion and the internal gear is transmitted to the turning frame 121 via the turning motor 123. Thereby, the turning frame 121 is configured to turn with respect to the traveling frame 111.

A boom attachment recess 124 for attaching the boom 130 to the turning frame 121 is formed at a substantially central portion of the turning frame 121. The boom mounting recess 124 is formed in a shape that opens downward and extends in the vertical direction, and has an upper portion bent leftward in FIG. A taper portion 124a that gradually expands downward is formed in the lower opening of the boom mounting recess 124. The taper portion 124a allows the mounting rod 135 (see FIG. 2) of the boom 130 to enter the boom mounting recess 124 from below. It is configured to facilitate insertion.

  The revolving frame 121 is provided with a boom clamp 125 and a clamp cylinder 126 for attaching the boom 130 to the revolving frame 121. The base end portion of the boom clamp 125 is attached to the revolving frame 121 by a pin 125a so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. A boom engagement recess 125b having an inverted U shape (a shape opened to the left and right and below) in a side view is formed at the tip of the boom clamp 125. The boom clamp 125 is configured such that by extending and contracting the clamp cylinder 126, the tip end portion where the boom engaging recess 125b is formed around the pin 125a is swung up and down. When the tip of the boom clamp 125 is swung downward, the boom engaging recess 125b is positioned so as to overlap the tip of the boom mounting recess 124 formed in the turning frame 121 in a side view. (See FIG. 4).

  Two pins for attaching the tip portions of piston rods 134a (hereinafter referred to as hoisting rods 134a) of two hoisting cylinders 134 provided on the boom 130 to the hoisting frame 121 at the front part of the hoisting frame 121, respectively. An insertion / extraction cylinder 127 is provided. At the tip of the piston rod of the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127, an engagement pin that can be inserted into a mounting hole formed at the tip of the undulation rod 134a is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the boom 130 includes a base end boom 131 attached to the revolving frame 121 and a front end boom 132 nested in the base end boom 131. A telescopic cylinder 133 is provided in the proximal boom 131. The boom 130 is configured to expand and contract by moving the distal end boom 132 in the longitudinal direction with respect to the base end boom 131 by expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder 133. The proximal boom 131 is provided with two right and left hoisting cylinders 134. The base end portions of the left and right hoisting cylinders 134 are rotatably attached to the left and right side portions of the base end boom 131 by pins 134c. Left and right support plates 131a extending upward are formed on the base end side upper portion of the base end boom 131, and a mounting rod 135 extending in the left-right direction is provided between the left and right support plates 131a. The mounting rod 135 is inserted into the boom mounting recess 124 of the swing frame 121 and engaged with the boom engagement recess 125b of the boom clamp 125, so that the boom 130 can be mounted on the swing frame 121 so as to be raised and lowered. It is configured.

  A quick hitch mechanism 140 for attaching the bucket attachment 150 to the boom 130 is provided at the distal end portion of the distal end boom 132. The quick hitch mechanism 140 includes a quick hitch cylinder 141 (see FIG. 7) and a locking pin attached to the tip of the piston rod of the quick hitch cylinder 141. The quick hitch mechanism 140 extends and retracts the quick hitch cylinder 141 to engage and disengage the locking pin with the locking hole of the bucket attachment 150, so that the bucket attachment 150 is detachably attached to the distal end portion of the distal end boom 132. ing.

The bucket attachment 150 includes a base member 151 attached to the tip boom 132, a bucket 152 attached to the tip of the base member 151 by a pin 152 a so as to be swingable, and a bucket for swinging the bucket 152 relative to the base member 151. And a cylinder 153. The base end portion of the bucket cylinder 153 is rotatably attached to the bucket 152 by a pin 153a, and the tip end portion of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 153 is rotatably attached to the base member 151 by a pin 153b.

  A counterweight 158 for stabilizing the vehicle balance of the caisson excavator 100 during excavation work is provided at the rear end of the revolving frame 121 (on the side opposite to the direction in which the boom 130 extends). At the rear of the swing frame 121, there are two travel motors 114 a and 114 b, eight brake cylinders 115, two expansion / contraction cylinders 117, a swing motor 123, a clamp cylinder 126, two pin insertion / extraction cylinders 127, and an expansion / contraction cylinder 133. A hydraulic drive unit 160 is provided that supplies hydraulic oil to two undulation cylinders 134, a quick hitch cylinder 141, and a bucket cylinder 153 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “actuator AC”) to drive them.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the hydraulic drive unit 160 includes an electric motor 161 that operates by receiving power supply from the outside, a hydraulic pump 162 that is driven by the electric motor 161, and an operation that stores hydraulic oil. An oil tank 163, a control valve group 164 for controlling the direction and flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied to the actuator AC, and a control valve group 164 in accordance with an operation signal from the remote operation device 12 installed in the ground remote operation chamber 13. And a control unit 165 for controlling the operation. The electric motor 161, the hydraulic pump 162, and the hydraulic oil tank 163 are disposed at the rear portion of the turning frame 121 of the traveling body 110. A control valve group 164 is provided in the first pump oil passage L1 extending from the discharge port of the hydraulic pump 162 and the second pump oil passage L2 branched from the first pump oil passage L1.

  The control valve group 164 includes a plurality of control valves corresponding to each of the actuators AC, and the plurality of control valves are provided in parallel with the pump oil passages L1 and L2. Specifically, the control valve group 164 disposed in the first pump oil passage L1 supplies the swing control valve 164a that controls the supply of hydraulic oil to the swing motor 123 and the supply of hydraulic oil to the eight brake cylinders 115. A brake control valve 164b for controlling, a travel control valve 164c for controlling the supply of hydraulic oil to the two travel motors 114a and 114b, an expansion / contraction control valve 164d for controlling the supply of hydraulic oil to the two expansion / contraction cylinders 117, It has pin insertion / extraction control valves 164e and 164f that respectively control hydraulic oil supply to the two pin insertion / extraction cylinders 127, and a clamp control valve 164g that controls hydraulic oil supply to the clamp cylinder 126. These control valves 164 a to 164 g are control valves for a traveling body that controls the supply of hydraulic oil to an actuator provided in the traveling body 110, and are arranged together on the turning frame 121 of the traveling body 110. (See FIG. 6).

  The control valve group 164 disposed in the second pump oil passage L2 includes a undulation control valve 164h that controls the supply of hydraulic oil to the two undulation cylinders 134, and an expansion / contraction control that controls the supply of hydraulic oil to the expansion / contraction cylinder 133. It has a valve 164i, a bucket control valve 164j for controlling the hydraulic oil supply to the bucket cylinder 153, an auxiliary control valve 164k, and a quick hitch control valve 164l for controlling the hydraulic oil supply to the quick hitch cylinder 141. Has been. The auxiliary control valve 164k is a control valve that controls supply of hydraulic oil to the excavation attachment when another excavation attachment such as a breaker attachment is attached instead of the bucket attachment 150. These control valves 164h to 164l are boom / bucket control valves that control the supply of hydraulic oil to the actuators provided in the boom 130 and the bucket attachment 150. The control valves 164h to 164l are arranged on the side of the base end boom 131 of the boom 130. They are arranged together (see FIG. 6). A protective cover (not shown) for covering and protecting these control valves 164h to 164l is attached to the side portion of the proximal boom 131.

Each of these control valves 164 a to 164 l is driven by a valve spool via a control unit 165 in accordance with an operation signal from a remote control device 12 installed in the ground remote control chamber 13 and discharged from a hydraulic pump 162. The supplied hydraulic oil is supplied to a corresponding actuator, and the actuator is operated by controlling the supply direction and supply amount. The caisson excavator 100 is provided with drive operation levers corresponding to the control valves 164a to 164l. By operating these drive operation levers, the operator manually drives the spool of the control valve. Thus, the actuator can be operated.

  A swivel joint 166 is provided at a connecting portion (within the turning bearing 122) of the traveling frame 111 and the turning frame 121 in the traveling body 110. Oil path connecting the brake control valve 164b and the eight brake cylinders 115, oil path connecting the travel control valve 164c and the two travel motors 114a and 114b, and oil connecting the expansion / contraction control valve 164d and the two expansion / contraction cylinders 117 The path is disposed through the swivel joint 166.

  The second pump oil passage L2 and the tank are connected to the second pump oil passage L2 connecting the discharge port of the hydraulic pump 162 and the control valves 164h to 164l and the tank oil passage L3 connecting the control valves 164h to 164l and the hydraulic oil tank 163. A first multi-coupler 167 is provided that can communicate and disconnect the oil passage L3 collectively. The first multi-coupler 167 is disposed on the side portion of the proximal boom 131 (see FIG. 6). The second pump oil passage L2 and the tank oil passage L3 are configured to be connected and disconnected together by the first multi-coupler 167. The bottom oil passage L4 connects the bucket control valve 164j and the bottom oil chamber of the bucket cylinder 153, and the rod oil passage L5 connects the bucket control valve 164j and the rod oil chamber of the bucket cylinder 153. A second multi-coupler 168 capable of communicating and disconnecting L4 and rod side oil passage L5 together is provided. The second multi-coupler 168 is disposed on the side portion of the base member 151 of the bucket attachment 150 (see FIG. 2). The bottom side oil passage L4 and the rod side oil passage L5 are configured so as to be connected and disconnected together by the second multi-coupler 168.

  An oil path connecting the expansion / contraction control valve 164i and the expansion cylinder 133, an oil path connecting the bucket control valve 164j and the bucket cylinder 153, an oil path extending from the auxiliary control valve 164k, and an oil connecting the quick hitch control valve 164l and the quick hitch cylinder 141 The path is disposed through the inside of the proximal boom 131 and the distal boom 132.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 165 includes a traveling body controller 165 a that drives the control valves 164 a to 164 g for the traveling body 110 in response to an operation signal from the remote operation apparatus 12, and The boom / bucket controller 165b is configured to drive the boom 130 and the control valves 164h to 164l for the bucket attachment 150 in response to an operation signal. The traveling body controller 165 a is disposed on the turning frame 121 of the traveling body 110. The boom / bucket controller 165 b is disposed on the side of the base end boom 131 of the boom 130. The first multi-coupler 167 is configured so that the electric cable connecting the traveling body controller 165a and the boom / bucket controller 165b can be communicated and disconnected together with the second pump oil passage L2 and the tank oil passage L3. Yes.

A method for installing the caisson excavator 100 configured as described above in the work chamber 2 of the caisson 1 will be described below. The caisson excavator 100 is detached into four single bodies of the traveling body 110, the boom 130, the bucket attachment 150, and the counterweight 158, and is carried into the work chamber 2 of the caisson 1 through the material shaft 23 in the removed state. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the traveling body 110 is contracted until the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 are driven to contract and the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a, 113b (foil base) is minimized. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the turning frame 121 is turned so that the turning motor 123 is driven to rotate so that the front and rear of the turning frame 121 are directed to the left and right directions of the traveling frame 111.

  When the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b is thus reduced and the turning direction of the turning frame 121 is set, as shown in FIG. 8, the traveling body 110 has a left end portion or a right end of the traveling frame 111. The dimension is such that it can pass through the material shaft 23 in the direction starting from the part. As described above, the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b are provided so as to have a roller width corresponding to the rail width of the left and right traveling rails 4 provided with the material shaft 23 interposed therebetween. The horizontal dimension (full width) of the frame 111 is larger than the external dimension of the material shaft 23. Therefore, the traveling body 110 reduces the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b as described above and sets the turning direction of the turning frame 121 so that the left end or the right end of the traveling frame 111 is at the head. Otherwise, it cannot be carried into the work chamber 2 through the material shaft 23.

  When the traveling body 110, the boom 130, the bucket attachment 150, and the counterweight 158 are respectively carried into the work chamber 2, first, using the table lifter device provided in the work chamber 2, the horizontal direction of the travel frame 111 is changed. The traveling body 110 is lifted in a state where the traveling rail 4 extends, and the four traveling rollers 113 a and 113 b are inserted between the left and right traveling rails 4. Then, the traveling body 110 (the traveling frame 111) is turned about 90 degrees in the horizontal direction, and the four traveling rollers 113a and 113b are respectively attached to the left and right traveling rails 4, and the traveling body 110 is suspended from the left and right traveling rails 4. Let

  Next, the power supply cable from the power generator is connected to the hydraulic drive unit 160 of the traveling body 110, and the electric motor 161 is operated to drive the hydraulic pump 162. Then, by manually operating the drive operation lever of the expansion / contraction control valve 164d, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 are driven to extend, and as shown in FIG. 9, the distance between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a, 113b (foil base) is the largest. Enlarged until Further, by manually operating the drive operation lever of the turning control valve 164a, the turning motor 123 is driven to rotate, and the turning frame 121 extends in the direction in which the traveling rail 4 extends before and after the turning frame 121 with respect to the traveling frame 111. Turn about 90 degrees to the state. In this way, the traveling body 110 is attached to the left and right traveling rails 4.

  When the traveling body 110 is attached to the left and right traveling rails 4, the clamp cylinder 126 is driven to reduce by manually operating the drive operation lever of the clamp control valve 164g, and the tip end portion of the boom clamp 125 swings upward. The state is moved. Note that this operation is not performed when the tip of the boom clamp 125 has already been swung upward. In this state, the boom 130 is lifted by a table lifter device or the like, and the attachment rod 135 of the base end boom 131 is inserted to the distal end portion (abutting portion) of the boom attachment recess 124 of the turning frame 121. Then, the clamp control valve 164g is manually operated again, the clamp cylinder 126 is extended, the tip of the boom clamp 125 is swung downward, and the mounting rod 135 is engaged in the boom engagement recess 125b of the boom clamp 125. Let Thereby, the boom 130 is attached to the revolving frame 121 so as to be raised and lowered.

When the boom 130 is attached to the revolving frame 121, the first multi-coupler 167 is connected to connect the second pump oil passage L2 and the tank oil passage L3. Then, by manually operating the drive operation lever of the hoisting control valve 164h, the two hoisting cylinders 134 are driven to extend, and the positions of the mounting holes of the hoisting rods 134a are aligned with the engaging pins 128 of the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127. The hoisting cylinder 134 is driven to extend. Then, by manually operating the drive operation levers of the pin insertion / extraction control valves 164e, 164f, the two pin insertion / extraction cylinders 127 are driven to extend and the respective engagement pins 128 are inserted into the mounting holes of the undulation rod 134a. As a result, the hoisting rods 134 a of the two hoisting cylinders 134 are rotatably attached to the swing frame 121.

  When the two hoisting rods 134a are attached to the revolving frame 121, the two hoisting cylinders 134 and the telescopic cylinders 133 are driven to extend and retract by manually operating the drive operation levers of the hoisting control valve 164h and the telescopic control valve 164i. As a result, the boom 130 is raised and lowered, and the tip plate of the quick hitch mechanism 140 is engaged (hooked) with the joining plate of the bucket attachment 150. Then, the hoisting control valve 164h is manually operated again, the two hoisting cylinders 134 are driven to contract, the boom 130 is lifted, and the tip plate and the joining plate are joined over substantially the entire surface. Then, by manually operating the drive operation lever of the quick hitch control valve 1641, the quick hitch cylinder 141 is driven to extend and the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole of the joining plate. And the 2nd multi coupler 168 is connected and the bottom side oil path L4 and the rod side oil path L5 which are connected with the bucket cylinder 153 are connected. Thereby, the bucket attachment 150 is attached to the boom 130. Further, a counterweight 158 is attached to the rear end portion of the turning frame 121 of the traveling body 110. In this manner, the work of assembling the caisson excavator 100 and installing it in the work chamber 2 is performed. In addition, the operation | work which removes the caisson shovel 100 and carries out from the inside of the working chamber 2 is performed by the reverse procedure to the above-mentioned assembly installation work.

  The caisson excavator 100 installed in the work room 2 in this way is operated by the traveling body controller 165a by the traveling body controller 165a according to the traveling operation signal from the remote operation device 12 installed in the ground remote operation room 13. The drive control of the brake control valve 164b is performed to drive the two traveling motors 114a and 114b and the eight brake cylinders 115. In this way, the vehicle can travel to a desired excavation work position while being suspended along the left and right traveling rails 4. When the vehicle reaches the desired excavation work position and stops, the traveling body controller 165a always performs drive control of the brake control valve 164b in the stopped state (a state in which the traveling operation signal is not output from the remote operation device 12). Eight brake cylinders 115 are driven to extend, and braking control of the caisson shovel 100 is always performed in a stopped state.

  Then, in accordance with a work operation signal from the remote operation device 12, driving control of the turning control valve 164a, the hoisting control valve 164h, the expansion / contraction control valve 164i, and the bucket control valve 164j is performed by the traveling body controller 165a and the boom / bucket controller 165b. To drive the swing motor 123, the two hoisting cylinders 134, the telescopic cylinder 133 and the bucket cylinder 153. In this way, the boom 130 can be swung, raised and lowered, and the bucket 152 can be swung to perform excavation work. In the caisson shovel 100, the braking control is always performed in the stopped state as described above, and therefore the braking control is always performed even during the excavation work. Further, the traveling body controller 165a performs control to maintain the stop state by periodically supplying a predetermined hydraulic pressure to the eight brake cylinders 115 in the braking control in the stop state.

The traveling body controller 165a and the boom / bucket controller 165b periodically perform drive control of the expansion / contraction control valve 164d, the pin insertion / extraction control valves 164e, 164f, the clamp control valve 164g, and the quick hitch control valve 164l. . By such control, predetermined hydraulic pressure is periodically supplied to the two expansion / contraction cylinders 117, the two pin insertion / extraction cylinders 127, the clamp cylinder 126, and the quick hitch cylinder 141, and the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 are controlled. Each assembled state can be securely held.

  The traveling body controller 165a sends an alarm signal to the ground remote control room when the pressure or temperature of the hydraulic oil exceeds a specified range based on detection signals from a hydraulic sensor or an oil temperature sensor provided in the hydraulic oil tank 163. The alarm is activated using an alarm buzzer, an alarm lamp, or the like. Further, based on detection signals from various sensors disposed on the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150, an alarm operation may be performed as described above.

  As described above, in the caisson excavator 100, in the traveling body 110, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 are driven to be reduced so that the distance (foil base) between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b is reduced to the minimum, and the turning motor When the revolving frame 121 is turned so that the front and rear of the revolving frame 121 are directed to the left and right directions of the traveling frame 111, the traveling body 110 starts the left end or the right end of the traveling frame 111 at the head. It is set as the dimension which can pass in the inside of the material shaft 23 by the direction. Therefore, since the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b are respectively provided corresponding to the rail widths of the left and right traveling rails 4 provided with the material shaft 23 interposed therebetween, the lateral dimensions of the traveling frame 111 ( Even if the traveling body 110 is set so that the overall width) is larger than the outer dimension of the material shaft 23, the traveling body 110 can be carried into the working chamber 2 through the material shaft 23 as described above. Therefore, while the traveling body is carried into the work chamber 2 in a state of being disassembled into a plurality of units as in the prior art, the traveling body 110 is disassembled into a plurality of units and assembled in the excavator 1. Since no work is required, the assembling work and the detaching work in the work chamber 2 can be efficiently performed in a short time.

  Further, in the caisson excavator 100, when the traveling body 110 travels while being suspended by the left and right traveling rails 4, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 are driven to extend so that the distance (foil base) between the front and rear traveling rollers 113a and 113b is the largest. Used in an expanded state until. Therefore, stable traveling is possible, and excavation work by the bucket attachment 150 or the like can be performed stably.

  Further, in the caisson excavator 100, an electric motor 161 that operates by receiving power supply from the outside, a hydraulic pump 162 that is driven by the electric motor 161, a clamp cylinder 126 that operates by receiving supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 162, The pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127 and the quick hitch cylinder 141 are provided in the caisson shovel 100 itself. Then, the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 are set in a predetermined positional relationship, and electrical connection is performed to operate the electric motor 161 and the hydraulic pump 162. By supplying hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 162, the clamp cylinder 126, The traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 can be assembled by operating the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127 and the quick hitch cylinder 141. For this reason, the caisson excavator is conventionally assembled by inserting an assembly pin by the operator himself / herself, but the assembling work time and man-hours can be greatly reduced. Further, since the clamp cylinder 126, the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127, and the quick hitch cylinder 141 can be driven to be disassembled into the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150, the time and labor for removing can be greatly reduced. .

Further, control valves 164 a to 164 g for the traveling body that perform supply control of hydraulic oil to an actuator provided in the traveling body 110 are collectively arranged on the turning frame 121 of the traveling body 110. In addition, boom / bucket control valves 164h to 164l for controlling the supply of hydraulic oil to actuators provided on the boom 130 and the bucket attachment 150 are collectively arranged on the side of the proximal boom 131 of the boom 130. Yes. Therefore, when the caisson excavator 100 is disassembled into the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150, and when the caisson excavator is assembled, the number of hydraulic line (oil passage) cuts and communication points can be reduced. In the caisson excavator 100, the hydraulic line is cut and communicated at only two locations, the first multi-coupler 167 and the second multi-coupler 168. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time for assembling and removing the caisson excavator 100.

  Further, the brake control is always performed during excavation work. Therefore, when excavation work is performed by operating the boom 130 and the bucket attachment 150, the caisson excavator 100 is prevented from being displaced (relatively moved) with respect to the left and right traveling rails 4 and excavation work in a stable state. It can be performed. Therefore, the efficiency of excavation work can be improved.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described so far, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 are configured to be electrically connected to operate the electric motor 161 and the hydraulic pump 162, and to operate by supplying hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 162. However, the left and right expansion / contraction cylinders 117 may be configured by an electric cylinder that operates by receiving power supply from the outside, or a manual cylinder that operates by a manual operation of an operator.

  In the above-described embodiment, the clamp cylinder 126, the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127, and the quick hitch cylinder 141 are manually operated by operating the drive control levers of the clamp control valve 164g, the pin insertion / extraction control valves 164e, 164f, and the quick hitch control valve 164l. The method of assembling and removing the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 by driving the vehicle has been described. However, the clamp control valve 164g, the pin insertion / extraction control valves 164e, 164f, and the quick hitch control valve 164l are driven by an operation signal from the remote control device 12 in the ground remote control chamber 13, and the clamp cylinder 126, the pin insertion / extraction cylinder 127, and The quick hitch cylinder 141 may be driven, and the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 may be assembled and removed. In this way, for example, if the traveling body 110, the boom 130, and the bucket attachment 150 can be set in a predetermined positional relationship by a robot or the like, the caisson shovel 100 can be assembled and removed only by remote operation from the ground. Accordingly, it is possible to perform the assembling work and the removing work of the caisson shovel 100 without an operator entering the work chamber 2.

  In the above-described embodiment, the excavation work is performed by swinging the boom 130 and the bucket attachment 150 by an operation signal from the remote control device 12 in the ground remote control chamber 13. However, the caisson excavator 100 may be provided with a driver's seat on which an operator can board, and the excavation operation may be performed from the driver's seat. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the caisson excavator 100 used in the pneumatic caisson method has been described. However, the present invention travels while being suspended by the left and right traveling rails provided on the ceiling of the work room. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a working machine other than the excavator as long as the working machine performs the work.

1 Caisson 2 Work room 4 Traveling rail 23 Material shaft (loading passage)
100 excavator (work machine)
110 traveling body 111 traveling frame 113a front traveling roller (wheel)
113b Rear running roller (wheel)
117, 117 Expansion / contraction cylinder (movement mechanism)
130 Boom (Working device)
150 Bucket attachment (working equipment)

Claims (3)

Travel that has a pair of left and right wheels on the front and rear of the travel frame, is attached to the pair of left and right travel rails provided on the ceiling of the work room, and travels while being suspended along the travel rail. Body,
A working device provided on the traveling body,
The working device is configured to be removable from the traveling body, and the traveling body and the working device are carried into the working chamber through a carry-in passage that opens to the ceiling and connects the outside and the working chamber. In the working machine installed by assembling the traveling body and the working device in the working chamber,
The traveling body includes a moving mechanism that slides the pair of left and right wheels in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling frame, and the moving mechanism slides the pair of left and right wheels in a direction in which the front and rear wheels approach each other. Thus, the working machine is configured such that the longitudinal dimension of the traveling body can be reduced until it can pass through the carry-in passage. The pair of left and right traveling rails are provided on the ceiling with the opening of the carry-in passage interposed therebetween,
The distance between the pair of left and right wheels is set in accordance with the width of the pair of left and right traveling rails, and the lateral dimension of the traveling body is set to be larger than the dimension of the opening of the carry-in passage. The work machine according to claim 1.   When the traveling body travels while being suspended by the traveling rail in the working chamber, the moving mechanism slides the pair of left and right wheels in a direction in which the front and rear wheels are separated to increase the distance between the front and rear wheels. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the working machine is used in a state where the working machine is in a state where the working machine is used.

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