JP2018044362A - Method for easily constructing tunnel watchman passage using l-shaped precast concrete product - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably construct a tunnel watchman passage, which uses an L-shaped block as a base, by a tunnel-side wall.SOLUTION: In a method for constructing a watchman passage by an inside wall of a tunnel, L-shaped cross-section precast concrete blocks comprising a vertical wall slab and a bottom slab are temporarily placed to be capable of being sequentially connected in a longitudinal direction so that a protruding end of the bottom slab can be positioned near a lower end of the inside wall of the tunnel and so that surfaces of the vertical wall slabs of the adjacent blocks can be almost flush with each other; a bag body, in which a filler is encapsulated, is infilled into a clearance between the protruding end of the bottom slab and the lower end of the inside wall of the tunnel; and subsequently, they are connected together for formation of a base.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a simple construction method of a supervisor passage by an L-type precast concrete product provided on a side wall of a tunnel at a side of a traveling route in a tunnel such as an automobile road. This is a method of newly installing this observer passage on the side wall of the tunnel, and monitoring with an L-shaped precast concrete product above the existing low inspection gallery laid on the side wall of the tunnel side wall of the tunnel. The present invention relates to a method for easily remodeling an existing low inspection gallery or the like into a safe observer passage protected by a higher-rise concrete standing wall slab by further constructing a worker passage.

Conventionally, in the construction of tunnels such as mountain tunnels on motorways and underground tunnels in urban areas, an auditing gallery is provided on the shoulder of the roadside of the tunnel, or a high-safety monitoring passage is installed that is higher than the auditing gallery. Has been done. The inspection gallery is provided for maintenance such as observation of the presence or absence of abnormalities such as cracks in the tunnel and water leakage after completion, and its passage height is about 25 cm.
On the other hand, in the supervisor passage, for example, the width is 0.75 m, and the height of the passage surface is about 90 cm. Although the work can be performed safely by the height, the manufacturing cost increases. Also, as tunnel height, it is also required to secure a building limit of 2.0m on the passage, so it cannot be installed anywhere easily. And since the excavation of the tunnel itself is a very difficult task and it is not easy, the excavation area cannot be easily increased in order to satisfy the necessary height of the building limit only for the passage of the observer.

Therefore, the degree of freedom in tunnel design is not high even in the case of new construction, and in the case of an existing tunnel, the height of the passage surface is secured about 90 cm from the roadway, while the structure of the existing tunnel is negotiated, and the space above the passage is 2 m. It is required to secure enough to meet the architectural limits of
On highways, etc., it is basically required to install a supervisory passage for a tunnel with a total length of 1 km or more, so it is necessary to construct a supervisory passage for both existing and new tunnels. The nature is increasing.

  Now, L-type precast concrete products have been used so far in the construction of a supervisor passage laid on the side wall of the tunnel in these tunnels. These L-shaped precast concrete products are arranged and installed so as to be fixed at a predetermined position on the side wall of the tunnel. For example, after placing an L-shaped cast concrete product for the observer's passage at a predetermined position on the side wall of the tunnel, the ready-mixed concrete is placed in the space of the block over the entire area in the three directions of the tunnel in the vertical, transverse and longitudinal directions. It was something that needed to be fixed.

Furthermore, when installing a supervisory passage with a higher traffic surface than the audit gallery, that is, when replacing a supervisory passage built on the existing auditory gallery, the conventional method uses a tunnel of an L-shaped precast concrete product. In order to fix in the vertical direction, after adjusting the height of the inspection gallery with sleepers to the inspection gallery, the floor is 75 cm high and 200 cm long on the inspection gallery 25 cm in height. L-shaped precast concrete product is fixed with mortar while adjusting the height.
In the crossing direction of the tunnel, fresh concrete is filled in place in a 55 cm wide gap formed between the side wall of the tunnel and the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete product having a width of 40 cm. Thus, even if the traveling vehicle accidentally collides with the L-type precast concrete product, the concrete product does not move on the L-type precast concrete product across the tunnel side wall in the transverse direction.
In addition, a handrail with a height of 80 cm is further provided on the standing wall plate of the L-shaped precast concrete product, and a space between about 90 cm between the upper end of the standing wall plate and the side wall of the tunnel at a height is formed in the supervisor passage. The inside of the surveillance passage is filled with backfilling material. Then, the lower end of the side wall of the tunnel side of the monitoring passage is recessed, and a water channel having a width of 10 cm is provided.

  One of the conventional construction methods is to place an L-shaped precast concrete retaining wall on the foundation concrete plane on the side wall of the tunnel, and further between the vertical wall of the L-shaped retaining wall and the tunnel side wall, that is, on the bottom plate. In this method, a backfill material is filled in a space above the bottom plate extension, and a concrete cast on the spot is placed on the backfill material to form a supervisor passage on the upper plane (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

  In addition, since the height of the inspection gallery of the existing tunnel for driving a car is low, for example, the height of the traffic surface is 25 cm from the road of the car, it is dangerous to check and monitor the situation inside the tunnel using only this audit gallery. large. Therefore, it would be desirable to build up these low-level inspection gallery to a monitoring staff passage that has a handrail with a height of 80 cm, for example, and has a safe traffic surface of about 90 cm. There is a request.

However, when the L-type precast concrete product is used for remodeling in the supervisor passage as described above, the height adjustment of the L-type precast concrete product after the L-type precast concrete product is carried into the tunnel and the fresh concrete Work such as driving must be performed from the roadside, and lane regulation of the traveling lane is inevitably inevitable during construction.
In other words, for the work of placing and fixing the side and bottom surfaces of L-shaped precast concrete products with mortar and fresh concrete, the driving lane of the one lane on the side of the tunnel where the supervisor passage is constructed is constructed. There is a need to restrict traffic over a long period of time. Then, for example, in the case of an automobile road that is one lane on one side, such as a mountain tunnel, lane regulation by one-sided alternate traffic is forced in the tunnel for a long period of time during the construction period. As a result, traffic congestion is unavoidable during construction, which causes great inconvenience to users.

  Furthermore, if the space between the L-type precast concrete product installed on the audit gallery and the side wall of the tunnel is filled with concrete, the existing water channel on the side of the audit gallery will be filled with the poured concrete. Therefore, in order to drain the cleaning water at the time of cleaning the tunnel side wall and the water in the tunnel, it has been necessary to newly secure a closed water channel.

  Therefore, in order to improve these points, the applicant of the present application, as a method of reconstructing the existing inspection gallery into a supervisor passage, is between the end of the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete product consisting of the standing wall plate and the bottom plate and the tunnel side wall. In addition, height adjustment bolts are inserted into the four corners of the bottom plate, and an L-shaped precast concrete product having a fixing bracket for connection at the end in the length direction of the standing wall plate is temporarily placed on the auditing gallery. This L-shaped precast concrete product is placed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel one after another, and the gap between the end of the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete product and the tunnel side wall is secured on the upper part while ensuring the building limit of 2m in height. Insert one wedge between the two, rotate the height adjustment bolt to adjust the height of the bottom plate, and sequentially connect the ends of the L-shaped precast concrete products connected with the connecting fixing bracket The method has been invented (refer to Patent Document 2.).

  Certainly, the prior invention of the above-mentioned applicant makes a simple position adjustment by inserting a wedge in the gap with the tunnel. As a result, the inspection gallery can be remodeled into a supervisor passage using the temporarily placed L-shaped precast concrete block. Therefore, compared to the conventional remodeling method in which concrete is poured and cured, the lane regulation is restricted. The period was very short. Therefore, the work of fixing with mortar or pouring fresh concrete is no longer necessary. However, since the gap between the tunnel side walls is not always constant, there are many insufficient points in terms of ease of adjustment, and there are cases where the gap cannot be accommodated depending on the size of the gap.

JP 2002-327600 A (paragraph 0003 on page 2, FIG. 8) JP 2012-87554 A (Patent No. 5340245)

  The reason why the gap is not constant is that, for example, the tunnel side wall is not necessarily a flat plane with straight and uniform side surfaces because the tunnel is curved or inclined. This is because, even if the ends of the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete block are brought close to each other along the tunnel side wall, a gap is unavoidably generated. In addition, because the tunnel inner wall is finished with rock bolts and sprayed concrete by the NATM method, the tunnel is required to have a mechanism that can easily adjust the gap width based on the fact that there is an error rather than uniform thickness. It has been.

  However, when the adjacent L-shaped precast concrete blocks are connected and arranged, it is important that the surfaces of the standing wall slabs erected on the vehicle running side are flush with each other. This is because the top of the aesthetic appearance is not only better, but it is also an important factor in the safe driving of the vehicle. If there is extra unevenness, the vehicle may be caught at the seam in the event of a contact accident, and there is a risk of causing a local impact such as an offset collision when the vehicle collides with the side edge of the vertical wall plate. Because there is. Therefore, it is prioritized to arrange adjacent blocks and tables so that they are flush with each other. If the L-type precast concrete blocks are preferentially arranged with the surface arranged preferentially, the gap with the tunnel side wall will not be more constant, and variations will inevitably occur inside. However, since the precast concrete block is manufactured and transported to a certain degree in a form with a formwork, it is not easy to change the depth of the bottom plate according to the width of the back side, and there is no gap. It will occur irregularly.

  In addition, it is often found that vehicles in the tunnel are inadvertently staggered and come into contact with the standing wall plate. And since the occurrence of such a collision accident is inevitable, if it is left only to the weight of the L-shaped precast concrete block (several tons), it will shift due to the collision, so it may be fixed so that it does not move It has been requested. Nonetheless, fixing with on-site concrete placement cannot shorten the construction period and increases travel regulation time. Therefore, in order to respond to the request for shortening the work period to shorten the travel regulations, without fixing the mortar or pouring fresh concrete and fixing it, it is easy and easy to deal with uneven gaps without breaking the arrangement. There is a need for a handling method that can be easily and simply fixed.

  Certainly, in the prior invention of the above-mentioned applicant (see Patent Document 2), short-term construction can be realized by using one wedge to fill the gap between the bottom plate end and the tunnel side wall. However, the width of the gap that can be adjusted with one wedge is not so large, and the distance between the inner wall of the tunnel and the inner wall of the tunnel tends to be uneven because the surface of the vertical wall plate is made flush with each other. There was a limit to dealing with all of the gaps, and it was still impossible to cope with the gaps. In addition, the gap filling by the wedge is supported by point contact with one point of one wedge. Then, because the contact surface with the wall is extremely small, the initial wedge will not work if there is a place where the short-term fixation can be dealt with, but once a light hit is applied. Can also happen.

And in the wedge block, the angle is not the same as the wall surface, so it does not necessarily fit in the gap exactly.If the angle does not exactly fit with both the bottom edge of the bottom plate and the wall surface, point contact and Since this is a local ground contact such as line contact, the wedge load may not be received by the wedge block, and the wedge block may be crushed. However, it is difficult and unrealistic to prepare various types of wedge blocks to accommodate various angles in a tunnel having various intervals and varying angles. When filling with one wedge, the application width is small, and even if it is buried, contact is made with a point or line, so the problem that pressure is concentrated locally remains. Furthermore, if the wedge is larger than the interval, there is no room to insert the wedge, but on the other hand, as long as there is a gap in such a space, if the impact of the vehicle etc. is applied, the block of the observer passage will shift, It is not appropriate to leave the gap as it is. Such narrow intervals were left unattended and even wedges could not be used.
Also, depending on long-term changes in the situation such as an earthquake, the wedge may not work and may loosen. Due to the point contact and line contact, such a time change is not sufficiently considered, and further measures need to be taken.
The use of wedges is not sufficient because the room for filling the gap is not necessarily large, so that there is a limit to evenly arranging them. Therefore, it is required that the standing wall slabs can be arranged on the same plane with a more versatile and simple device without using a time-consuming construction method such as concrete placing. And since the width | variety will not necessarily be able to respond | correspond only with one wedge if a space | interval becomes large, it is also requested | required that it should be the installation method which can ensure an application width large.

In addition, concrete blocks are known to expand and contract due to differences in temperature due to seasonal changes. In general, 1 m of concrete expands and contracts by about 0.1 mm due to temperature fluctuations of 10 ° C. (thermal expansion coefficient is 10 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. And if. The concrete block of this case can form a passage of several hundred to several thousand meters by connecting several L-shaped blocks of about 5m in the longitudinal direction, and the expansion and contraction in the length direction is final. It cannot be ignored. This is because if the adjacent block is approaching, it may be chipped or misaligned at the connection location, and may not be placed straight. Therefore, there is a demand for continuous connection while fixing by a fastening method that can cope with expansion and contraction of the concrete block. In other words, even if the load of one block is not enough to cope with a collision, it is possible to exert sufficient strength by connecting, so it is difficult to fix without play. However, it is also required to secure a connection using multiple loads by adapting to expansion and contraction.

  And if there is an existing waterway that can drain the water near the tunnel side wall, the drainage channel can be used as it is. Installation by the construction method which arranges a block is desired. However, if there is room for drainage under the bottom slab, it becomes difficult to obtain frictional resistance due to the weight of the concrete block due to surface contact of the entire bottom slab. Therefore, it is also required that such drainage can be dealt with without securing concrete and ensuring safety that can withstand a collision load.

  Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for installing a supervisor passage, and when installing a supervisor passage on the side wall in the tunnel, it must be premised that the size of the tunnel is limited. On the other hand, it is stipulated that a building limit of 2 m in height is secured above the observer passage installed on the side wall of the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the supervisor passage while staying within the limit of the size of the tunnel and keeping the building limit of 2 m above the supervisor passage. Moreover, it is necessary to respond to requests that can satisfy the framework of construction in the basic tunnel that the lane control during the construction period should be made as short as possible for the convenience of users. is there. And since the upper part of the tunnel is often curved in the shape of an arch in cross section, if it is too close to the side edge of the tunnel, it may be difficult to secure a 2 m space above, so it is a construction method that allows easy position adjustment. It is also desired.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is a method for easily constructing a tunnel supervisor passage using an L-shaped precast concrete product on the side wall of the tunnel side wall of the traveling route in the tunnel, It is possible to adjust the position so that it can comply with the upper building limit of 2m, and the surface of the standing wall slabs between adjacent blocks are arranged to be flush with each other without using concrete fixing. In addition, while using the load of multiple concrete blocks as a yield strength against collisions, it is possible to realize a safe arrangement by simply and simply contacting the side wall of the tunnel. Easy to follow environmental changes due to the environment, high adaptability to the interval width, and easy-to-use construction that can be used without blocking the drainage treatment structure below. It is to provide.

  A first means for solving the problems of the present invention is a precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section comprising a horizontally-long rectangular standing wall slab and a bottom slab protruding in the horizontal direction from the back of the longitudinal lower end of the standing wall slab. The standing wall plate is positioned upright in the longitudinal direction so as to be positioned in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel over the longitudinal direction so that the standing wall plate is spaced apart from the inner wall rear surface and the inner wall of the tunnel. The surface of the concrete block is arranged so as to face the center of the tunnel, and further, the short end portion of the adjacent concrete block standing wall plate is arranged so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the standing wall plate while being aligned with each other. A temporary placement step of temporarily placing a plurality of the concrete blocks so as to be sequentially connectable in the longitudinal direction, a protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate, and a lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel, Including a bag body supporting step of laminating one or a plurality of bags filled with a filler between the gaps, and connecting a plurality of the concrete blocks to form a series of concrete blocks This is a method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of a tunnel, in which a base plate made of a group is formed, a top plate is provided above the bottom plate to form a passing surface, and the space below the top plate can be used as a space for wiring and piping.

  The second means is a precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section as described in the first means, and is a block that can secure a drainage cavity between the bottom plate bottom surface and the tunnel floor surface, and the bottom plate The vertical wall surface is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end of the inner wall of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical wall plate is placed upright so that the inner wall back surface and the inner wall of the tunnel are opposed to each other. Are arranged so that the short ends of the adjacent wall blocks of the concrete block are aligned so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the vertical wall plate, Temporarily placing the concrete block in a longitudinal direction so that it can be sequentially connected, and adjusting the level of the bottom plate of the concrete block to form a drainage cavity with the tunnel floor And a leveling step in which the vertical wall plate is adjusted to be vertical, and a bag in which a filler is enclosed inside between the gap between the protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate and the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel. Including a bag body supporting step of stacking one or a plurality of bodies, and connecting a plurality of the concrete blocks to form a base made of a series of concrete block groups, and then a top plate above the bottom plate This is a method of constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel, with a road as a traffic surface and a space for wiring and piping under the top plate.

  The third means is a precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section as described in the second means, wherein the bottom slab is provided with a level adjusting jig whose protrusion amount can be adjusted downward from the bottom slab bottom, In the leveling process, the level is adjusted by changing the downward projecting amount of the level adjusting jig.

  The fourth means is characterized in that the connection of the plurality of L-shaped precast concrete blocks is fastened by using a jig that is extensible in the longitudinal direction. It is a construction method of a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel described in any one means.

  According to another means, the filler in the bag body is a granule containing a cement component, and the cement is hardened inside the bag body after filling in the gap. It is a construction method of a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel described in the means.

  Still another means is the method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel according to any one of the first to fourth means, wherein the filling material in the bag is a non-shrinkable cement.

  The fifth means is that the bag body supporting step is to fill the gap body in such a manner that one or a plurality of gap filling blocks are combined in the gap direction and stacked in the transverse direction of the gap. The construction method of the supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel according to any one of the first to fourth means.

  The sixth means is that the gap filling block laminated in combination with the bag body used in the bag body supporting step is a gap filling block having a trapezoidal cross section in the transverse direction of the gap, and a plurality of gap filling blocks Are stacked in the transverse direction of the gap and packed so that the cross-sectional shape in the transverse direction of the gap is a trapezoidal gap filling block so that the direction of each taper is sequentially reversed for each adjacent gap filling block. The construction method of the supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel according to the fifth means, wherein the slopes are packed so as to be in contact with each other.

  The seventh means projects a precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section consisting of a horizontally-long rectangular standing wall slab and a bottom slab protruding in the horizontal direction from the back of the longitudinal lower end of the standing wall slab in the horizontal direction of the bottom slab. The standing wall plate is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end of the inner wall of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction, and the standing wall plate is erected so as to be opposed to the back surface of the inner wall and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the surface of the standing wall plate faces the center of the tunnel. In addition, a plurality of the concrete blocks are arranged by abutting so that the short ends of the standing wall plates of the adjacent concrete blocks are aligned so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the standing wall plate. Between the projecting end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate and the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel, Lamination support that inserts a plurality of gap filling blocks with a cross-sectional shape in the cross-section so that the tapered slopes are in contact with each other so that the direction of each taper is sequentially reversed for each adjacent gap filling block A plurality of the concrete blocks connected to form a base made of a series of concrete block groups, and then a top plate is provided above the bottom slab to form a passage surface, and the space below the top plate is a space for wiring and piping. This is a method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel.

  In the precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section used in these means, the standing wall plate is a vertically rising wall, and the bottom plate is orthogonal to this. When arranging these blocks in multiple tunnels, make sure that the surface of the standing wall slab is substantially flush with the surface of the adjacent block so that the edges of each block are aligned and smooth. Place it. Then, the bottom plate that protrudes horizontally from the lower end of the back of the vertically long rectangular vertical wall plate is adjacent to the lower portion of the inner wall of the tunnel, but the surface of the vertical wall plate is aligned and connected. A certain amount of gap is generated between the protruding end of the bottom plate and the inner wall of the tunnel.

  Therefore, this gap is changed to fixation by point contact in which a single conventional wedge is inserted into the gap, and a bag filled with a filler is filled to fill the gap. It can be fixed by contact. According to the procedure for inserting the bag body, since the initially fluid filler is contained in the bag, it is easy to change its shape and has follow-up properties. It's easy to do. Since the shape can be freely deformed in the bag, it can be brought into sufficient surface contact with the gap so that it can be easily adapted to the size of the gap and can be implemented with simple handling. One of the features of the method of the present invention is to insert and fix the bag-like filler. In this way, if a bag with a flowing filler that is easily deformed in an irregular shape is packed in the gap, the shape of the bag can be deformed along the gap, so that it can be fully inserted into the gap and supported by the surface Can do it.

  Now, although the filler is initially in a granular form that can flow, it can be solidified over time by including a cement component, so that the state of filling the gap can be stably maintained. It will serve as a position stop without flowing. Furthermore, when the filler is non-shrinkage cement, the components in the bag are less likely to shrink and change, so that they do not shrink due to curing, and the gap can be filled more stably while ensuring sufficient surface contact. it can. If about 1-3 places are inserted into the gap of one concrete block, the holding function of filling the gap can be achieved.

  Such filling support by the bag body is applied to the gap in the longitudinal direction between the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel and the protruding end portion of the bottom plate of the concrete block, for example, with an interval of about 1 m. That is, if the block length is 5 m, there are 4 to 5 locations. If there are a large number of bags to be filled and supported in one L-shaped precast concrete block, the force applied by a vehicle collision or the like is dispersed by the number of the bags, which is more preferable. In any case, the support by the surface contact with the bag body tends to disperse the pressure, and thus is more suitable for the pressure dispersion than the case with the wedge.

First, when filling the gap with a single bag of the filler, if the gap size is filled with one bag, the size of the bag to be filled is selected to be larger than the gap. .
On the other hand, the size of one bag is not so large, or it is a fixed flat plate size, and a plurality of bags are stacked so as to be stacked at intervals. You may fill up. Although the bag bodies are pressed against each other and come into surface contact with each other, the contents of the bags are difficult to escape even if they are stacked because they are surrounded by the bags. Therefore, there is no problem in strength even when combined, rather the bag is small, so if laminated, even when the filler flows too much in a large bag body, the gap is appropriately filled by lamination and the L-shaped precast cross section The concrete block can be supported and fixed.

  In addition to laminating a plurality of bags, the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete block is supported from the back side by laminating one or more bags and a gap filling block between the gaps. It may be fixed. This is because even when combined with the gap filling block, the gap is appropriately filled with the bag body whose shape can be changed, so that the force applied by impact due to surface contact or the like is appropriately dispersed by fitting.

  This gap filling block is a block whose thickness differs in the vertical direction, and has a trapezoidal cross section (for example, the upper base is 5 cm and the lower base is 20 cm square). A 7 cm trapezoid or the like is preferable. It arrange | positions at intervals in the direction from which thickness differs above and below this block. When a plurality of the gap filling blocks are combined, the adjacent gap filling blocks are turned upside down. Since the trapezoidal taper portion is combined upside down, even when pressure is applied in the thickness direction of the gap filling block, the direction of the tapered slope is different, so it can be said that the block is difficult to slip and the block is difficult to move. Even if the gap changes slightly, a trapezoidal block can enter the gap, so that the gap can be filled.

  Therefore, a plurality of gap filling blocks are stacked while being switched so that the upper and lower thicknesses are staggered, and the gap between the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel and the protruding end portion of the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete block is defined as these gaps. It is also possible to fill and support and fix only with a stack of gap filling blocks. Even if only the gap filling block is used, the contact area can be increased by combining the upper and lower blocks, and the interval can be easily adjusted.

  In addition, on the bottom of the bottom plate of the concrete block, a part of the bottom of the block is cut out to be a hollow so that water near the inner wall of the tunnel can be passed through the cavity under the block and guided to the lower drainage port, Alternatively, a drainage cavity may be secured by floating between the bottom surface of the block and the tunnel floor surface using a level adjustment jig on the bottom surface. Generally, the floor of a tunnel may be slightly inclined from the center toward the drainage ditch. In such a case, if the height of the bottom plate is adjusted using a level adjustment jig, It is possible to secure a passage through which water flows under the bottom plate, and it is possible to avoid closing the drainage groove.

  Further, several level adjusting jigs are provided at appropriate intervals in the middle of the long side of the bottom plate, for example. By adjusting the level, the standing wall plate of the L-shaped block that bends at a right angle can rise vertically. Such work can be easily realized by adjusting the protruding amount of the bolt of the level adjusting jig after temporary placement. If the vertical wall plate is vertical, the bottom plate can follow the longitudinal inclination of the road in the tunnel even when the entire tunnel is uphill or downhill.

  In addition, when connecting blocks in the longitudinal direction sequentially, using an elastic fastener that can handle expansion and contraction of concrete blocks of several millimeters, while absorbing expansion and contraction such as thermal expansion, only in the expansion and contraction direction Since it is a loose fastening that can move and is firmly fixed in other directions, it is possible to maintain a posture such as a collision while using a plurality of loads. Specifically, the blocks may be fastened by fixing the connecting plate with bolts at the upper and middle and lower ends at the end of the rear surface of the standing wall slab. By adopting a slidable elongated horizontal hole, it is possible to expand and contract only in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, an anchor may be installed in each of the left and right blocks, and a nut may be fastened with play in the longitudinal direction in advance through a bolt between the anchors. (Such a state is called a loose fastening state.)

  Now, even if a single block has a weight of several tons, of course, the block does not move easily due to a vehicle collision or the like, but when connected, the block becomes more difficult to move. However, in the present invention, since there is a drainage cavity on the bottom surface side, the contact area where the tunnel floor surface and the bottom surface of the bottom slab are in contact is small, and there is a limit to maintaining the posture by only its own weight due to frictional resistance. Therefore, in the configuration of the present invention, there is a great merit that the load obtained by connecting them in particular can be shared, and since it is distorted by simply fixing without play, a jig that can absorb expansion and contraction in advance. If it can be fixed in a loosely tightened state by using as a connector, the blocks can be connected in the longitudinal direction without causing the influence of stress due to excessive expansion and contraction.

In the space above the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged in the vicinity of the upper portion of the standing wall plate, so that it can be used as a walking part of the supervisor passage. Therefore, you can walk high. This top plate can be made by placing a metal plate on a steel frame arranged on the bottom plate, so that it is not necessary to place concrete on-site. In addition, since the frame frame under the top plate can be used as a wiring / piping space through which wiring and piping can be appropriately passed, effective utilization is also possible.
Needless to say, a handrail or the like can be appropriately disposed above the standing wall slab of the present invention.

According to the method of the means of the present invention, after temporarily placing the concrete block for the observer passage of the present invention, between the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel and the protruding end portion of the bottom plate of the concrete block that becomes the base of the observer passage In this case, the gap generated in the above is filled in several places using a bag-like filler having high fluidity.
Then, because the packing material is packed in advance, it is extremely efficient compared to the labor of flowing concrete on site, and in addition, the bags are arranged at appropriate intervals, so several places are filled. You can proceed with only work. And since the filling material is in the bag in advance, it is easy to carry and has fluidity, so it has an irregular shape, so it can follow the gap and fill the gap appropriately. . It is possible to fit the gap between the inner wall of the tunnel and the block bottom plate protrusion, and it is possible to fill the gap sufficiently so as not to be displaced while making surface contact. And since it contacts by a surface, since a contact is disperse | distributed, it will be able to endure that much impact. And unlike wedges, it is not point contact, but the filler enters the gap and comes into surface contact between the bottom slab tip and the inner wall of the tunnel. It is a method that makes it easy to obtain the following ability.

  Further, when the gap is too large to be filled with one bag body, the bag body can be overlapped and filled into the gap, so that the bag body can be flexibly applied to the gap. Further, a wedge block or a square small block and a bag can be used in combination as a gap filling block. Since the bag body also flows and fills around the gap filling block, the wedge block does not become a point contact as before, and the force can be dispersed and supported by the surface contact.

  On the other hand, even in the case of a gap where the distance between the tunnel inner side wall and the block bottom plate protruding end is narrow and the conventional wedge block does not enter, by storing the fluid filler in the bag body, the inner filler is Since it is possible to follow along the gap while changing the shape, it is possible to accommodate a wide range of gaps wider and narrower than before.

  And when it hardens after filling by making cement harden | cure, the movement of a concrete block can be suppressed more firmly and it can fix. The bag can be packed at an appropriate interval, so there is less waste and less cement compared to filling the gap with concrete.

  Also, the inner wall of the tunnel, including the curve of the tunnel, is not necessarily a straight, straight flat surface. If the edge of the bottom of the concrete block is directly abutted against the lower edge of the inner wall of the tunnel, the standing walls of multiple concrete blocks The surface of the plate will not be aligned and will be rattling. However, if the surface of the standing wall plate facing the vehicle is deviated, it may lead to a major accident such as an offset collision when the traveling vehicle hits the boundary between the blocks. In this regard, according to the present invention, the surface end of the standing wall plate is connected so that the position of the surface of the adjacent block is aligned with the surface of the adjacent block. It has become. On the other hand, in relation to the inner wall of the tunnel, it is inevitable that a gap is generated between the end of the concrete block bottom plate. The present invention as a whole by using a bag body that makes surface contact that can provide sufficient impact response force while filling and filling such inevitable gaps easily and simply. The workability is improved.

  Further, in the present invention, when a plurality of bag bodies are stacked between the gaps, it is possible to cope with gap sizes that cannot be covered with a single bag body, and the filler contained in the bag body is contained inside the bag body. Although it can flow, it does not deform any further, so that the filler can stay in the gap properly, and the bags impact each other and come into surface contact, so that the impact force of the vehicle hitting the standing wall plate is reduced. Even if you join, you can take it properly as a whole.

  Further, in the case where one or more bags and a gap filling block are combined and stacked between the gaps instead of stacking the plurality of bags, the gap is appropriately filled with the bag whose shape can be changed. As a result, the force applied by impact due to surface contact can be appropriately dispersed by fitting, and on the other hand, the gap filling block can be roughly inserted into the gap, so that the workability is high and the cost is kept low. .

  When the gap filling block is a trapezoidal block having different thicknesses in the vertical direction, the blocks to be stacked can be arranged between the intervals in such a direction that the vertical thickness is switched. Then, when combining a plurality of these gap filling blocks, the blocks whose top and bottom are switched contact each other with inclined surfaces having different taper angles, so even when pressure is applied, the directions of the tapered inclined surfaces are different, so that it is difficult to slip. , You can suppress the extra movement of the block. On the other hand, even if the gap slightly changes, a trapezoidal block can enter the gap, so that the gap can be filled.

  Therefore, the gap between the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel and the protruding end portion of the bottom plate of the L-shaped precast concrete block was changed upside down by simply switching the plurality of gap filling blocks upside down and laminating the thicknesses alternately. By combining the blocks, the contact area with the wall surface can be increased, and the distance can be adjusted appropriately.

  However, when switching the gap filling blocks with a plurality of trapezoidal cross sections up and down, if the blocks are further shifted up and down to adjust the spacing, the contact area between the gap filling blocks will be Is locally reduced, the gap filling block may be damaged or blown off by an impact. Therefore, when laminating a plurality of gap filling blocks, by combining with an appropriate bag body, the compatibility with the gap shape can be sufficiently obtained, and the surface contact can be kept sufficiently wide and appropriate. It becomes easier and more convenient.

Further, according to the method of the means of the present invention, since the entire construction period can be implemented in a short period, the range and time of travel regulation such as lanes can be kept short, and the influence of regulation can be reduced. For example, during the period during which travel is restricted, surveys are conducted on the inspection corridor for temporary placement during the installation work, and then the L-type precast concrete product is carried into the tunnel and temporarily placed at a regular position on the audit corridor. It is only necessary until the vehicle is placed, and during that time, it is sufficient to restrict the traveling of only one lane of the traveling lane on the side of the observer passage in the tunnel. After the temporary placement of the L-shaped precast concrete product is completed, the subsequent installation and fixing of the L-shaped precast concrete product simply involves adjusting the height of the bottom plate, and filling the gap between the end of the bottom plate and the tunnel side wall. The above-mentioned subsequent operations are all for the temporarily placed L-type precast concrete product. This is because it can be advanced on the back side of the standing wall version. Since the worker is protected by the standing wall version of the L-shaped block, the minimum safety can be secured. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to keep the lane regulation period in a short time.
On the other hand, in the conventional method, it is necessary to fix the bottom plate of L-shaped precast concrete product to the existing audit gallery with mortar, or to pour fresh concrete between the tunnel side wall, tunnel inner side wall, and bottom plate tip. However, such installation work is unnecessary. Therefore, the means of the method of the present invention has an advantage that the travel regulation period that becomes an obstacle to the traffic in the tunnel becomes extremely short.

  In addition, according to the method of the present invention, the length of the concrete block can be made more horizontally long, so that the frequency of connection can be reduced. Even in such a case, the gap between the tip of the concrete block bottom plate and the inner wall of the tunnel is appropriately filled with a bag filled with a filler, so there is room for giving priority to lengthening over a request to shorten the length. This is because has grown. If the length is increased, even if a vehicle hits a concrete block, it will be difficult for each block to move easily because its weight is heavy. Therefore, it can be said that the prolongation itself can contribute to safety.

  Furthermore, when laying a monitoring staff passage, it may be built on a conventional drainage ditch. However, when draining the water in the tunnel, there is a problem that the periphery of these drainage grooves is blocked by a concrete block arranged upward, and it becomes necessary to separately secure the drainage grooves. When the drainage can be secured between the bottom surface of the bottom plate and the tunnel floor surface as in the means of the present invention, drainage becomes possible, so when applying the present invention to an existing tunnel, Such difficulties will be reduced and the burden of construction will be reduced.

  Then, according to the means of the present invention, the top plate for walking is installed on the top of the bottom plate using the concrete block as a base. This eliminates the need for concrete placement up to the inner top surface of the base, which has been implemented in the previous method, and allows the inside of the top plate to be used as a usable cavity. It can be used as a space where people can pass.

  In addition, the size of the tunnel is originally limited when considering the excavation load, so it is necessary to construct a surveillance passage without enlarging the tunnel. And since it is a supervisor passage, it is necessary to ensure a certain height in the upper space, and the building limit to be secured is 2 m in height. In addition, in a tunnel whose section is curved in an arch shape, the ceiling is higher in the center of the tunnel. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no need to bring the bottom plate of the L-shaped concrete block into contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, and the gap can be filled with a bag of filler. It is easy to secure the height of the building limit of 2m. And since it is an amorphous bag with fluidity, the range of such adjustment is large, and it can respond to various gap sizes more flexibly than in the case of using only a conventional wedge.

It is a typical cross section of the tunnel which has arranged the supervisor passage by the method of the present invention on one side. FIG. 3 is an enlarged layout view of a supervisor passage according to the method of the present invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the L-shaped precast concrete block used for this invention was temporarily placed in the tunnel inner wall vicinity. It is the figure which showed a mode that the bag body of several fillers was laminated | stacked and thrown into the clearance gap between the bottom plate protrusion part of L type precast concrete block used for this invention, and a tunnel inner side wall. In the present invention, a state in which a bag of filler and a gap filling block having a trapezoidal cross section with staggered top and bottom are stacked and thrown into a gap between a bottom plate protrusion of an L-shaped precast concrete block and an inner wall of a tunnel is shown. It is a figure. It is the figure which showed a mode that the L-shaped precast concrete block was loosely fastened with the fixing metal fitting for a connection in the longitudinal direction from the back surface. Since the bolt can move through the slit, it can expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. It is the figure which expanded and showed the connection fixing metal fitting by the anchor provided in the upper end of the standing wall version of a L-shaped precast concrete block. The bolt can be stretched in the longitudinal direction by fastening the nut with play. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that it can respond | correspond to a various gap | interval by sealing the filler in the bag body of a filler, changing the quantity.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings as appropriate. First, FIG. 1 shows a general crossing shape of a tunnel. For example, on a tunnel road surface (3) provided with a traveling lane (2) in the center of the tunnel installed on the side of the inner wall (1) of the tunnel, a height of 90 cm using a L-shaped precast concrete block (6) A method of constructing the supervisor passage (4) provided with the top plate (17) of the traffic surface will be described below.
In addition, in the construction of the supervisor passage by this method, the concrete made of L-shaped pre-cast concrete of the present invention can be used both when newly constructed in the tunnel and when reconstructed on the existing inspection gallery having a height of about 25 cm. A series of procedures for temporarily placing the block (6), filling the gaps with the bags and connecting them together are common, and the present invention can be applied. Therefore, although the method in the newly established supervisor passage is described as an example here, it is added that the other cases are not excluded.

(About L-shaped precast concrete blocks)
First, the cross-sectional L-shaped precast concrete block (6) used for the base of the supervisor passage (4) of the present case will be described. This cross section L-shaped precast concrete block is composed of a vertical wall plate (7) whose cross section is L-shaped and vertical, and a bottom plate (8) protruding in a right angle direction from the lower end of the vertical wall plate. When a plurality of the L-shaped precast concrete blocks (6) are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction, a base for the supervisor passage (4) is obtained. The standing wall plate is a horizontally long rectangle, and its width is, for example, 500 cm long (note that if the block length is long, it will be difficult to move by collision due to its own weight, the width may be about 1500 cm). The height is 88 cm, the thickness of the bottom plate is 15 cm, and the thickness of the standing wall plate is 11 cm. Note that this height varies depending on the desired height of the supervisor passage. This cross-section L-shaped precast concrete block (6) is manufactured in advance using a pre-designed formwork, and several blocks of the same shape are manufactured at the factory. Are connected. In addition, you may provide suitably the hook for conveyance suspension with a heavy machine in the cross-section L-shaped precast concrete block (6). Further, holes for fixing anchors and bolts for connection, joint prepared holes, bolt insertion holes for level adjusting jigs, and the like can be appropriately provided in advance during mold forming. In addition, the table | surface of a standing wall version (7) can be set as a decorative surface.

(About temporary placement)
When the concrete block (6) made of L-shaped cross section is transported to the site, the projecting end (11) of the bottom slab (8) is placed near the lower end of the inner wall (1) of the tunnel and the projecting end (11) is directly applied. It arrange | positions so that it may not contact | connect (refer FIG. 3). At this time, the bottom plate (8) is not brought into contact with the inner wall (1) of the tunnel because the surface of the standing wall plate (7) directed to the traveling lane (2) is the surface of the standing wall plate of the adjacent block (6). This is because it is easier to adjust if the gap (12) is provided between the inner wall (1) and the inner wall (1) of the tunnel. That is, when the projecting end (11) of the bottom plate (8) is brought into contact with the inner wall (1) of the tunnel due to the curve of the tunnel or the structure of spraying by the NATM method, the surface of the standing wall plate (7) of the connected block This is because it becomes difficult to align the same.

  The cross section L-shaped precast concrete blocks (6) are connected in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal end portions (10, 10) with which the adjacent concrete blocks (6, 6) abut may be combined with notches and protrusions to serve as positioning guides for the convenience of connection. For example, at the time of mold production by precast, a convex part having a height of about 5 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a depth of 3 cm is provided at the side edge of one block, and the corresponding position of the side edge of the adjacent block facing this It is good to provide the recessed part which a convex part can receive, and to guide | move so that it can mutually fit. This is because it is easy to position the standing wall plate (7) so that the surfaces thereof are flush with each other.

  The gap (12) between the tunnel inner wall (1) and the protruding end (11) of the bottom plate (8) is not only aligned with the surface of the standing wall plate (7), It also contributes to the fact that the space above the top board (17), which is the walking surface of 4), is a position that can secure 2 m, the building limit. This is because it is possible to arrange the L-shaped precast concrete block (6) from the center of the tunnel by adjusting the width of the interval (12). That is, the tunnel of an automobile road has an arched shape or a horseshoe shape in cross section, and the ceiling near the inner wall (1) of the tunnel is generally lower than the center of the tunnel. Therefore, since the height of the walking surface of the supervisor passage is increased, it can be said that it is more advantageous to adjust the space in order to secure the upper space. At that time, since it is difficult to expand the width of the bottom plate (8) so as to contact the inner wall (1) of the tunnel in advance, the gap (12) is generally widened as long as it is a precast product. It is necessary to cope with this. After the temporary placement, even if a part of the traffic lane regulation is taken, the minimum worker safety can be ensured, so that the regulation can be released very early depending on the situation.

(About level adjustment and securing drainage channels)
Now, the L-shaped precast concrete block (6) is placed in a temporary arrangement while engaging the unevenness of the fitting portion. At that time, the tunnel road surface (3) is generally slightly inclined toward the waterway of the tunnel, so that the bottom plate (8) has a bottom surface side so that the vertical wall plate can be erected vertically. Level adjusting bolts (14) as level adjusting jigs are arranged at several positions apart in the longitudinal direction. And the bolt which contact | connected the tunnel road surface (3) by sending the level adjustment volt | bolt (14) around the bottom slab (8) as shown in FIG. 3 and adjusting the protrusion amount of the volt | bolt below a bottom slab. By supporting the bottom plate on the vertical wall plate, the vertical plate is held in a vertical position. Even if the tunnel itself is inclined in the length direction, the vertical wall plate only needs to be able to maintain a vertical posture, so it is problematic that the bottom plate follows the inclination in the length direction of the tunnel. It is possible.

  When the level is adjusted to the vertical posture in this way, a cavity is formed below the bottom plate (8) between the tunnel road surface (3). By using this as a passage for flowing water generated in the vicinity of the inner wall (1) of the tunnel into the circular channel of the drainage channel (20), the drainage cavity (21) can be obtained.

  Of course, it is also possible to actively provide a drainage cavity (21) by cutting out a part of the bottom surface of the bottom plate from the protruding portion of the bottom plate to the vicinity of the standing wall plate without using the gap generated by the level adjustment. it can. In this way, even if level adjustment is not necessary, the concrete block (6) made of L-shaped cross-section is accidentally placed immediately above the drainage channel (20) to block the drainage channel (20). It can be sufficiently avoided. Since the drainage channel (20) has existed in the past and is often not movable due to the structure of the tunnel, it can be said that it is easier to make use of this than to construct a new one.

  On the other hand, the L-shaped precast concrete block (6) has a place where it is desired to prepare for impact resistance by utilizing its own weight when it is arranged. If you want to make it difficult to move by contact with the vehicle as much as possible, place the block (6) directly on the tunnel road surface (3) or level the surface with a mortar etc. on the tunnel road surface (3), etc. Then, it was a conventional installation method that the block (6) was intended to be brought into surface contact and then placed on it.

  Therefore, in the present invention, if a portion that is not intentionally laid is provided instead of laying mortar over the entire bottom plate, the L-shaped precast concrete block (6) can be stably disposed. The drainage cavity (21) can be secured. Therefore, instead of laying the mortar in advance, after adjusting the level by feeding the level adjustment bolt (14), the grout (non-shrink mortar) is filled into a part of the gap, thereby You may make it fill other gaps, leaving the use cavity part (21). Since such filling work can be performed after temporary placement, it is possible to proceed with the construction work on the back side of the standing wall slab even after regulation of the traveling lane.

(About connection)
When connecting an L-shaped precast concrete block (6) and an adjacent L-shaped precast concrete block (6) adjacent to each other, the block is prepared by using bolts or anchor holes provided in advance at both ends. Connect them together. In this case, the bolts at the ends of the standing wall slab (7) and the bottom slab (8) are brought into a loosely tightened state so as to be extendable and contractible in the longitudinal direction of the block.

Any jig can be used as long as it can be stretched in the longitudinal direction used for the connection, as long as it is fixed with play in the longitudinal direction where the L-shaped precast concrete blocks (6) are connected. For example, on the upper surface of the bottom plate (8) and the back surface of the standing wall plate (7), a plurality of plates between the horizontally long slits (25) are arranged, respectively, and both cross-sectional L-shaped precast concrete blocks (6, 6) and bolts, respectively. Fix with (22). At that time, the horizontally long slit is aligned with the longitudinal direction, and at least one of the bolts is slidable so as to be free to play in the longitudinal direction, so that it can expand and contract in the longitudinal direction ( (See FIG. 6). Also, U-shaped anchors (24) are embedded in the side ends of both blocks (6), and the anchors are locked with nuts (23, 23) so that the anchors are connected by bolts (22) in the longitudinal direction. In doing so, the nut is fastened with play so that the bolt can slide several mm in the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 7). Furthermore, the unintended relaxation of the nut can be avoided by using, for example, a nut to which resin is attached or a nut that does not loosen such as a double nut.
In addition to fixing with a plate or an anchor, a hole in which a joint pin can be embedded at the side end of the L-shaped precast concrete block (6) may be provided and the joint pin may be inserted. By doing so, it is possible to further suppress the standing wall plate (7) from being pushed in the direction of the tunnel inner wall (1) due to the impact, and it becomes easy to maintain a uniform state of the surface of the standing wall plate (7).

(Bag body support process and laminated support process)
Next, a bag body supporting process and a stacking supporting process by inserting a bag body and a gap filling block into the gap (12) will be described. In the gap (12), the bag body (15) is a bag having a sealing property of, for example, a size of about 0.1 to 10 liters. It is possible to enclose fluid sand, cement paste, concrete, mortar, non-shrinkage cement, non-shrink mortar (grouting material), and the like. When the bag body (15) is set in the gap (12), the inner filler (26) is a bag having fluidity, and the bag size is changed or the filler is filled in the bag. As the bag body (12) containing the filler in consideration of the width of the gap (12) is adjusted by adjusting the input amount of the filler in accordance with the gap (12) (see FIGS. 8B and 8C). It can be easily arranged by securing a sufficient surface contact by itself or by lamination. Since the filler is powdery or pasty, it has high fluidity. Therefore, when filling, the bag body is filled while keeping the surface contact along the width, angle, and unevenness of the gap while changing the shape of the bag body indefinitely. It can be distributed and received without concentrating on the points. In addition to making it easier to hold the bottom plate from moving toward the inner wall (1) of the tunnel by inserting the bag (15) into a part of the gap (12) with a gap, When connected, the collision load is distributed in cooperation with the adjacent block supported by filling the bag, so that the potential of the L-type precast concrete block can be fully extracted without increasing its own weight. be able to.

  For example, a bag (15) containing 2 liters of non-shrink mortar is charged with an appropriate amount of water for reaction, sealed, and inserted into the gap (12) before curing. At this time, for example, if the thickness of the bag is about 3 cm and the interval is about 9 cm, three bags (15) and 3 bags are stacked between the gaps (12) and filled between the gaps (12). . Although the mortar in the bag body (15) has fluidity, it has a limited range of movement, so it is in close contact with each other and hardens while being in surface contact. Since it does not shrink after curing, the gap does not fluctuate greatly, and the filled state can be maintained. The filling interval of the bag body (15) to be inserted into the gap (12) can be set to, for example, about 50 cm to 5 m depending on the situation, and the bag body ( 15) is laminated or laminated. For example, if the bottom plate (8) has a length of 5 m, the bags (12) can be filled in 4 to 5 places at intervals of about 1 m. In this way, if one or more bags (15) are filled in the gap (12) of the bottom plate of one L-shaped precast concrete block (6), it can be supported from behind.

  In addition to filling the gap (12) one by one in the gap (12), a plurality of bags can be stacked and filled in one place as described above (see FIG. 4). Furthermore, the bag body (15) is fluid before the filler is cured, and can conform to an indefinite shape as long as the bag body (15) follows. Therefore, even if the gap filling block (16) and the bag body (15) are combined, the bottom plate (8) can be firmly supported in such a way that it can enter the gap (12) and come into surface contact.

  The gap filling block (16) combined with the bag body (15) is, for example, a concrete block having a thickness of 5 cm and 20 cm square. In addition, the cross section in the thickness direction is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and the cross section in the thickness direction is a trapezoid (trapezoid) whose sides are parallel to each other. . For example, when stacking a plurality of gap filling blocks (16) having a trapezoidal cross section in the thickness direction in order to increase the thickness, the upper and lower sides of the trapezoidal cross sectional shape are combined so that the adjacent blocks are turned upside down. To go. In other words, because it is a combination of a letter C and an inverted letter C, the stacked blocks are difficult to slip, unlike the case where parallel surfaces are repeated. Therefore, it is possible to better resist pressure such as impact. Further, when the gap thickness is not exactly the same as the thickness of the stacked blocks, the thickness can be easily adjusted by stacking the blocks while shifting the blocks up and down (see FIG. 5). Therefore, the gap can be filled with an appropriate thickness.

  Further, when stacking a plurality of flat blocks having such a trapezoidal cross section as gap filling blocks (16) without using the bag (15), the vertical direction is changed for each block. The thickness can be easily adjusted by repeating the cross section and the reverse section. If one piece is shifted up and set, the thickness can be reduced accordingly. On the other hand, once tension is applied, it will not come off so much, and if it is pushed in from just before setting, pressure will be applied accordingly, so it can be pressed firmly and hard to remove, so it is easy to adjust and handle.

(Installation of the top board after the base installation)
Now, through the above steps, a plurality of L-shaped precast concrete blocks (6) can be connected in the longitudinal direction of a plurality of bases, for example, to form a long base of about 100 to 150 m. And after these base installations, the top plate (17) for an observer to walk is installed above the bottom plate (8) and on the back surface of the standing wall plate (7). In the past, after putting backfill material in this space, concrete was cast on site, but it took time to cure, and it was necessary to regulate the driving lane during work. Therefore, the metal top plate (17) is installed on, for example, an L-shaped metal frame, and one end of the top plate (17) is fixed to the upper part of the rear surface of the standing wall plate (7) with a bolt. Then, a space through which wiring and piping can be passed is formed below the top plate (17). This wiring / piping space (18) is different from the case where it is filled with a backfill material, so that new wiring and piping can be passed through this space, so the space can be used without waste. It will be possible. Further, a handrail (19) is erected from the upper end (9) of the standing wall slab (7) to prevent the fall. With the procedure as described above, the supervisor passage shown in FIG. 2 can be easily constructed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel inner wall 2 Driving lane 3 Tunnel road surface 4 Passenger passage 5 Audit corridor 6 Cross section L-shaped precast concrete block 7 Standing wall plate 8 Bottom plate 9 Upper end (on the standing wall plate)
10 Longitudinal side end (on the vertical wall version)
11 Tip (bottom plate)
12 Gap (between bottom plate and tunnel side wall)
13 Connecting Fixing Bracket 14 Level Adjustment Bolt 15 Bag 16 Gap Filling Block 17 Top Plate 18 Wiring / Piping Space 19 Handrail 20 Drainage Channel 21 Drainage Cavity 22 Bolt 23 Nut 24 Anchor 25 Horizontal Slit 26 Filler

Claims (7)

A precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section consisting of a horizontally-long rectangular standing wall plate and a bottom plate protruding in the horizontal direction from the back of the longitudinal lower end of the standing wall plate,
While the protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel over the longitudinal direction,
The upright wall plate is erected so as to be opposed to the inner wall rear surface and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the surface of the upright wall plate is arranged so as to face the center of the tunnel,
Furthermore, the concrete blocks of a plurality of groups are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction by arranging them so that the short ends of the standing wall plates of adjacent concrete blocks are aligned so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the standing wall plate. A temporary placement process for temporary placement,
A bag body support in which one or a plurality of stacked bag bodies filled with a filler are put between gaps between a protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate and a lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel. Process,
After connecting a plurality of the above concrete blocks to form a base consisting of a series of concrete blocks, a ceiling plate is provided above the bottom slab to form a passing surface, and the space below the top plate can be used as a space for wiring and piping. How to build a guard passage near the wall. The L-shaped precast concrete block according to claim 1 is a block capable of securing a drainage cavity between the bottom plate bottom surface and the tunnel floor surface,
While the protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel over the longitudinal direction,
The upright wall plate is placed upright so that the back surface of the inner wall faces the inner wall of the tunnel and is opposed to the inner wall of the tunnel so that the surface of the upright wall plate faces the center of the tunnel,
Furthermore, the concrete blocks of a plurality of groups are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction by arranging them so that the short ends of the standing wall plates of adjacent concrete blocks are aligned so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the standing wall plate. A temporary placement process for temporary placement,
Leveling step of adjusting the level of the bottom plate of the concrete block to form a drainage cavity with the tunnel floor and adjusting the vertical wall plate to be vertical; and
A bag body support in which one or a plurality of stacked bag bodies filled with a filler are put between gaps between a protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate and a lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel. Process,
After connecting a plurality of the above concrete blocks to form a base consisting of a series of concrete blocks, a ceiling plate is provided above the bottom plate to serve as a passing surface, and the space below the top plate is used for wiring and piping. To build a new watchman passage.   The precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section according to claim 2 is provided with a level adjusting jig capable of adjusting a protruding amount downward from the bottom plate bottom surface to the bottom plate, and the level adjusting jig in the leveling step. A method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of a tunnel, characterized in that the level is adjusted by changing the downward projecting amount of the tool.   The connection of the plurality of L-shaped precast concrete blocks having a plurality of cross-sections is fastened by using a jig that can be expanded and contracted in the longitudinal direction, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel.   2. The bag body supporting step is characterized in that, in addition to the bag body, one or a plurality of gap filling blocks are combined to be stacked in the transverse direction of the gap between the gaps. The construction method of the supervisor channel | path in the inner wall side of a tunnel of any one of Claim 5 from.   The gap filling block laminated in combination with the bag used in the bag support process is a gap filling block having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in the transverse direction of the gap, and a plurality of gap filling blocks are laminated in the transverse direction of the gap. When the gaps are packed, taper slopes are brought into contact with each other so that the cross-sectional shape in the transverse direction of the gap has a trapezoidal gap filling block and the direction of each taper is sequentially reversed for each adjacent gap filling block. The method for constructing a supervisor passage near the inner wall of the tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the construction is such that they are stacked together. A precast concrete block having an L-shaped cross section consisting of a horizontally-long rectangular standing wall plate and a bottom plate protruding in the horizontal direction from the back of the longitudinal lower end of the standing wall plate,
While the protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel over the longitudinal direction,
The upright wall plate is erected so as to be opposed to the inner wall rear surface and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the surface of the upright wall plate is arranged so as to face the center of the tunnel,
Furthermore, the concrete blocks of a plurality of groups are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction by arranging them so that the short ends of the standing wall plates of adjacent concrete blocks are aligned so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the standing wall plate. A temporary placement process for temporary placement,
A plurality of gap-filling blocks whose cross-sectional shape in the transverse direction of the gap is a trapezoid between the protruding end portion protruding in the horizontal direction of the bottom plate and the lower end portion of the inner wall of the tunnel are adjacent to each other in the direction of each taper. Including a lamination support step of inserting so as to make the tapered slopes come into contact with each other so as to be sequentially reversed for each filling block,
After connecting a plurality of the above concrete blocks to form a base consisting of a series of concrete blocks, a ceiling plate is provided above the bottom slab to form a passing surface, and the space below the top plate can be used as a space for wiring and piping. How to build a guard passage near the wall.

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