JP2017523892A - 光触媒組成物を用いた医療現場での感染の低減 - Google Patents
光触媒組成物を用いた医療現場での感染の低減 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ナノスケールTiO2の吸収特性が、350 nmから500 nmの波長にわたって、2種類の異なる亜鉛レベルでドープしたナノスケールTiO2およびSiO2と比較された。前記ナノ粒子組成物を改良ゾルゲル法で製造して、平均径が6から7 nmのアナターゼTiO2のナノ粒子を含有する処方を作成したドーピング剤として亜鉛を導入して低亜鉛含量(TiO2に対して0.125%)または高亜鉛含量(TiO2に対して1.25%)のいずれかとした。SiO2をさらなるドーパントとした場合、TiO2に対して10%存在させた。調製物を乾燥し、粉末の拡散反射スペクトル(DRS)を得るための標準法を用いて吸収を測定した。このスペクトル範囲にわたり、ASTM G173-03からの太陽光照度(半球、37度傾斜)を参照として示す(図1参照)。
ZnでドープしたTiO2およびSiO2の種々の処方のUV照射下での光触媒活性
実施例1に記載した4つの処方を、標準系での光触媒活性につき試験した。各調製物を約8000 ppmにて水に懸濁させ、ロボット高容量低圧スプレヤーを用いてガラスパネルに塗布し、24時間乾燥させた。これらのパネルを各々ガラス管に取り付けて容器を形成し、664 nmにて2.3の光学密度とする濃度のメチレンブルーの水溶液30 mlをその中に入れた。管をガラスパネルでカバーし、354 nmでの紫外線照射を生じるランプ(GE item F18T8/BLB)から約0.5 mW/cm2のエネルギー密度での照射に付した。このランプは300 nmより下、400 nmより上の波長の光を発生しない。各サンプルのメチレンブルー溶液の光学密度は48時間にわたりモニターし、図2に示す。
ZnでドープしたTiO2およびSiO2の種々の処方の可視光照射下での光触媒活性
実施例1に記載した4つの処方を、別の系で、それらの光触媒活性につき試験した。そこでは、実験照射を、実施例2で用いる紫外線エネルギーには不足する、日光や室内光のようなより近似する適切な照射に切り替えた。また、この実施例について、ナノ粒子処方は、静的表面ではなく、20 mMリン酸バッファー、pH 7.2のコロイド懸濁液として評価した。実験は、96-ウェルプレートフォーマットで実行し、各ウェルは、最終体積200ミリリットルで、メチレンブルー(0.05から0.5範囲の実測OD655)およびナノ粒子処方または適当な対照を含有した。プレートは、20 cmの距離から2つのSylvania Gro-Lux lamps (F20 T12 GRO/AQ)からの光で照射した。これらのランプは、400 nmより下で総発光エネルギーの約2%しか放射しないが、436 nmをピークとして、380と500 nmの間では、総発光エネルギーの約36%を放射する(参考:Technical Information Bulletin “Spectral Power Distributions of Sylvania Fluorescent Lamps”, Osram Sylvania, www.sylvania.com)。
た。ナノ粒子調製物をバッファーで希釈して、各処方の20再現ウェルで、各処方の二酸化チタンの最終濃度を75 ppmとした。暗所での短期間の平衡後、各プレートを振盪しながら照射に暴露し、Molecular Devices SpectraMax Plus分光光度計を用いて655 nmにて光学密度を複数回測定した。各処方による光学密度の実測線形低下を測定して、その率を表1にまとめた。
長期急性期医療施設での感染症を、ここで提供される光触媒組成物での処理で評価した。結果は、医療施設で発生する典型的な感染症はそのような処理の結果として著しき低減するかもしれないことを示した。
実施例4に記載の組成物は、実施例4に記載の手順を用いて、亜急性期長期入所看護を提供する250ベッドの医療施設に塗布した。実施例4と同様に、制度的な手法や手順に変更なく、その施設で発生する感染症は標準プロトコルに従って計数した。表3は、処理後その年の各四半期に発生した感染症数を、処理前の年の同じ四半期の間、同一の制度での感染症数と比較して、報告する。処理後の全ての四半期において、処理前のいずれの四半期よりも感染症は少なかった。全評価期間を総計すると、前記光触媒組成物での表面コーティングした年、感染症は32 %減少した。
Claims (21)
- 医療施設構造、またはその中の少なくともひとつの物体、またはそれらの組合せの少なくともひとつの無生物表面に、亜鉛および少なくともひとつの他のドーピング剤でドープした二酸化チタン (TiO2)を含む光触媒組成物を塗布することによって、医療施設における医療関連感染症の罹患を低減するための、光触媒組成物の使用。
- 医療関連感染症が、骨感染症、関節感染症、血流感染症、中枢神経系感染症、心臓血管系感染症、肺炎、生殖管感染症、および術野感染症よりなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 医療関連感染症が、胃腸内感染症、下気道感染症、上気道感染症、皮膚または軟組織感染症、血流感染症、眼感染症、耳感染症、鼻感染症、喉感染症、口感染症、および尿路感染症よりなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記光触媒組成物がリッターあたり約500 ft2から約1500 ft2の率で塗布される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記光触媒組成物がスプレー、アトマイズ、コーティング、イマージョン、またはディッピングで塗布される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 医療関連感染症の罹患が、医療施設構造、その中の少なくともひとつの物体、またはそれらの組合せの無生物表面の1回の処理後12か月間にわたって少なくとも20%低減される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 医療関連感染症の罹患が、医療施設構造、その中の少なくともひとつの物体、またはそれらの組合せの無生物表面の1回の処理後12か月間にわたって少なくとも30%低減される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 医療施設構造、またはその中の少なくともひとつの物体、またはそれらの組合せの無生物表面を処理するステップが、アシネトバクター (Acinetobacter)、アデノウィルス (adenovirus)、バシルス (Bacillus)、バークホルデリア (Burkholderia)、ボルデテラ (Bordetella)、ブルセラ (Brucella)、カリシウィルス (caliciviruses)、帯状疱疹(水痘)(zoster (chickenpox))を包含するヘルペス (herpes)、クロストリジウム (Clostridium)、SARS、MERS、およびPEDVを包含するコロナウィルス (corona viruses)、エンテロコッカス (Enterococcus)、エシェリキア (Escherichia)、ヘモフィルス (Hemophilus)、肝炎ウィルスAおよびB (hepatitis viruses A and B)、インフルエンザおよびパラインフルエンザウィルス (influenza and parainfluenza viruses)、クレブシエラ (Klebsiella)、リステリア (Listeria)、レジオネラ (Legionella)、麻疹ウィルス (measles virus)、流行性耳下腺炎ウィルス (mumps virus)、マイコバクテリウム (Mycobacterium)、ナイセリア (Neisseria)、ノロウィルス (norovirus)、シュードモナス (Pseudomonas)、パルボウィルス (parvovirus)、ポリオウィルス (poliovirus)、ライノウィルス (rhinovirus)、RSウィルス (respiratory syncytial virus)、ロタウィルス (rotavirus)、風疹 (rubella)、サルモネラ (Salmonella)、ストレプトコッカス (Streptococcus)、スタフィロコッカス (Staphylococcus)、ならびにビブリオ (Vibrio)の種を包含する、感染因子を低減するのに適している。低減される感染因子は、抗菌剤に影響されやすいもの、および、制限なく、MRSA (メチシリン耐性スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus))、VISA(バンコマイシン中等度耐性スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス (vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus))、MRE(多剤耐性エンテロコッカス (multiply resistant enterococci))、およびVRE(バンコマイシン耐性エンテロコッカス (vancomycin-resistant enterococci))の種よりなる群から選択される少なくともひとつの感染因子を防止し、その存在を低減する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくともひとつの無生物表面が、廊下、オフィス、トイレ、エレベーター、吹き抜け、キッチン/カフェテリア、共有エリア、ナースステーション、およびドクターステーションの壁、備品、床、および天井を包含する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくともひとつの物体が、カーテン、呼び出しボタン、コンピューター、モニター、壁掛け式コンピュータキオスク、血圧測定カフ、車いす、リフト、カート、およびベッドよりなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくともひとつのドーピング剤が約200 nmから約500 nmの範囲にわたる光の吸収を増大する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 約450 nmより長波長の光の吸収が、約350 nmより短波長の光の吸収の50%未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくともひとつの他のドーピング剤が、Ag, Si, C, S, Fe, Mo, Ru, Cu, Os, Re, Rh, Sn, Pt, Li, Na, およびKよりなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記二酸化チタンナノ粒子が、約2 nmから約20 nmの平均粒子径を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくともひとつの他のドーピング剤がケイ素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくともひとつの他のドーピング剤が二酸化ケイ素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 約3から約20の二酸化チタン対二酸化ケイ素の比を有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 光触媒組成物が約5から約150の二酸化チタン対亜鉛の比、および約1から約500の二酸化チタン対二酸化ケイ素の比を有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 光触媒組成物が、実質的に、
(A) 約5000から約10000 ppmの二酸化チタン、
(B) 約50から約150 ppmの亜鉛、および
(C) 約300から約1000 ppmの二酸化ケイ素
からなる、請求項1に記載の方法。 - ヒトまたは動物集団によって占拠される構造、またはその中に存在する少なくともひとつの無生物物体、またはそれらの組合せの少なくともひとつの無生物表面に、亜鉛および少なくともひとつの他のドーピング剤でドープした二酸化チタン (TiO2)を含む光触媒組成物を塗布することによって、ヒトまたは動物集団における感染を防止するか、または、その数を低減するための、光触媒組成物の使用。
- 集団によって占拠される構造は、農業施設、食品加工施設、賄い施設、レストラン、ホテル、モーテル、および託児所よりなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
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IL249488B (en) | 2020-07-30 |
ZA201700244B (en) | 2022-05-25 |
US20160375164A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
KR102493213B1 (ko) | 2023-01-27 |
CA2953515A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
EP3160233A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
US10434203B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
MX2016016865A (es) | 2017-07-27 |
US20150367007A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
CN106535639A (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
JP6749320B2 (ja) | 2020-09-02 |
NZ728027A (en) | 2023-12-22 |
EP3160233A4 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
WO2015200161A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
AU2015280348A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
CA2953515C (en) | 2023-04-25 |
IL249488A0 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
AU2015280348B2 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
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