JP2017516774A - Nampt阻害剤および方法 - Google Patents
Nampt阻害剤および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017516774A JP2017516774A JP2016568840A JP2016568840A JP2017516774A JP 2017516774 A JP2017516774 A JP 2017516774A JP 2016568840 A JP2016568840 A JP 2016568840A JP 2016568840 A JP2016568840 A JP 2016568840A JP 2017516774 A JP2017516774 A JP 2017516774A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/10—Spiro-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/438—The ring being spiro-condensed with carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、その全体が本明細書に組み込まれている、2014年5月22日に出願した米国仮出願第62/001905号の35 U.S.C.§119(e)の下に優先権を主張するものである。
Y1は−CR14−またはNであり、
Y2はCR15またはNであり、
Y3は−C(O)−であり、
Y4は−CH2もしくは−N(R16)−であるか、または
Y3およびY4は一緒になって−C(R17)=C(R18)−であり、
Xはアリール、ヘテロアリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキルまたはアミドであり、
ZはC2以上のアルキルまたはアルコキシアルキルであり、
RはHまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
R1〜R18は独立に−HまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
QはCまたはNであり;ただし、QがNであり、RがHであるとき、Xは
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩を提供する。
本発明の開示内容は、とりわけ、上の式(I)、式(I)−Aおよび式(I)−Bの化合物に関する。
明確性のために別個の実施形態の文脈で記載される本発明のある種の特徴を、単一の実施形態における組み合わせで提供してもよいことが認識される。逆に、簡潔化のために単一の実施形態の文脈で記載される本発明の様々な特徴を、別個にまたは任意の適当な部分的組み合わせで提供してもよい。
その塩を含む本発明の化合物は、公知の有機合成技法を用いて製造でき、多数の可能な合成経路のいずれかにしたがって合成できる。
本発明を具体的実施例のためにさらに詳細に説明する。以下の実施例は、例示のためだけに提供するものであって、いかなる方法によっても本発明を限定することを意図するものではない。当業者は、変更または修正して、本質的に同じ結果を得ることができる、様々な重要でないパラメーターを容易に認識するであろう。
実施例1−1:4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミド
式(I)の追加化合物を、当業者には容易に明らかになる、上に記載されているものと同様の方法に従って合成した。これらの化合物を以下の表1に要約する。
実施例2−1:NAMPT酵素活性の阻害
組換えNAMPT酵素(MBL)を、阻害剤の不在下または存在下で簡単にプレインキュベートした後、ニコチンアミドを添加した。酵素反応を37℃で6時間進行させた。反応を終了し、NMN反応生成物を、Zhang RY、Qin Y、Lv XQ、Wang P、Xu TY、Zhang L、Miao CY.、Anal.Biochem.2011年5月1日;412(1):18〜25に記載の方法を用いて検出した。
製造業者説明書に従ってCellTiterGlo(Promega)を用いて生存率を決定する前に、Analytical Biological Services(Wilmington、DE)から得た新鮮な初代ヒトB細胞をAIM−V培地(Invitrogen)中1ml当たり1×106細胞まで希釈し、抗IgM(10μg/ml)(KPL)で、阻害剤の不在下または存在下で、37℃/5%CO2で、72時間刺激し
た。
製造業者説明書に従ってCellTiterGlo(Promega)を用いて生存率を決定する前に、Analytical Biological Services(Wilmington、DE)から得た新鮮な初代ヒトT細胞をAIM−V培地(Invitrogen)中1ml当たり1×106細胞まで希釈し、CD3/CD28ビーズ(Invitrogen)で、阻害剤の不在下または存在下で、37℃/5%CO2で、72時間刺激した。
製造業者説明書に従ってCellTiterGlo(Promega)を用いて生存率を決定する前に、白血病/リンパ腫細胞株(ATCC)を業者推奨の培地中で希釈し、阻害剤の不在下または存在下で、37℃/5%CO2で、72時間インキュベートした。研究したヒト細胞株としては、急性T細胞白血病(JURKAT)、慢性骨髄性白血病(K562)およびB細胞急性リンパ性白血病(NALM6およびSUP−B15)が挙げられる。
製造業者説明書に従ってCellTiterGlo(Promega)を用いて生存率を決定する前に、Sup−B15細胞(ATCC)を、200μMニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド(NMN)(Sigma)欠損または含有培地中で、阻害剤の不在下または存在下で、37℃/5%CO2で、72時間インキュベートした。
呼吸器合胞体ウイルス(RSV)の阻害を決定するために、ベロ細胞を96ウェルプレートに80%の密集度まで撒いた。化合物を、10μMで始まり3nMに至る半対数希釈で、3重反復で添加し、細胞と1時間インキュベートさせた。ウイルスをウェルに10のMOIで添加し、72時間複製させた。ウイルス誘導細胞変性効果(CPE)から保護された生存細胞を、蛍光生体染色色素を用いて検出した。CPEの阻害のEC50を、ロバストフィット法を用いて決定した。
実施例3−1:薬物動態研究
実施例3−1−a:Sprague−Dawleyラットの経口および静脈内薬物動態
試験化合物である1’−イソプロピル−3−メチル−6−(4−(3−(チアゾール−5−イル)プロパノイル)フェニル)スピロ[ベンゾ[e][1,3]オキサジン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−4(3H)−オンおよび4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドの経口(PO)および静脈内(IV)薬物動態をオスのSprague−Dawleyラットで評価した。研究計画の概要を以下の表4に示す。試験化合物を投与する前に血液サンプルを採取した。動物にT0で投与した;次の血液サンプルを、投与の2、5、15および30分後ならびに1、2、4、6、8および24時間後に採取した。血液サンプルを頸動脈カニューレから採取した。サンプルを13,000rpm、4℃で5分間遠心分離した。血液サンプルの遠心分離後、血漿サンプルを96ウェルプレートに採取した。試験化合物の血漿濃度をLC−MS/MSで分析した。
試験化合物である4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドの経口および静脈内薬物動態を、メスのNOD.Cg−PrkdcscidII2rgtm1WJI/SzJマウスで評価した。研究計画の概要を以下の表5に示す。血液サンプルを、試験化合物の投与前、投与後の指定した時点、および動物の屠殺後に採取した。生存中血液サンプルを、尾部の切れ目または顔面静脈から採取した;末期血液サンプルを、吸入麻酔後に、心穿刺により採取した。サンプルをK2EDTA管に採取し、3000g、5℃、採取1時間以内の遠心分離により血漿になるまで、湿った氷上に保管した。遠心分離および−80℃での保管後、血漿サンプルを96ウェルプレートに採取した。試験化合物の血漿濃度をLC−MS/MSで分析した。
実施例3−2−a:NALM6白血病研究
4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドを、NALM6白血病モデルで試験した。図6に示すように、(GENZ−682945としても知られる)4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドの腹腔内投与により、ケア(クロファラビン)の標準を超えて、この異種移植モデルで顕著な生存利益が得られた。5×106NALM−6細胞を、メスCB17SCID/Crlマウス(Charles River)に尾静脈から注射した。1週間後、4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドを、1日2回を35日間腹腔内注射することにより投与した。クロファラビンを、1日1回を5日間4週間腹腔内注射することにより1日1回投与した。研究の終点は生存期間であり、麻痺またはカヘキシーのような重症の全身兆候が出現した時点で、マウスを屠殺した。結果を図5に示す。
腫瘍増殖研究:メスの無胸腺マウス(Crl:NU(Ncr)−Foxn1nu、Charles River)(n=10/群)に5×106HCT116細胞を注射し、100mm3の平均的な腫瘍サイズで治療を開始した。4−(1’−イソプロピル−4−オキソスピロ[クロマン−2,4’−ピペリジン]−6−イル)−N−((3−メチルイソオキサゾール−5−イル)メチル)ベンゾアミドおよびビヒクル対照を、1日2回を8日間経口投与した。腫瘍サイズをカリパスで週2回測定した。
本発明の化合物は、医薬品として用いられるとき、医薬組成物の形態で投与される。したがって、本発明の開示内容は、式(I)の化合物もしくはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む組成物、またはその実施形態のいずれか、および少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容される担体を提供する。これらの組成物は、医薬分野で周知の方式で製造でき、局所的または全身的治療が指示されるかどうか、および治療すべき領域に応じて、様々な経路で投与できる。投与は、局所(経皮、表皮、眼内、ならびに鼻腔内、膣内および直腸送達を含む経粘膜を含む)、肺(例えば、噴霧器によるものを含む、粉末またはエアロゾルの吸入またはガス注入によって;気管内または鼻腔内)、経口または非経口であってよい。非経口投与としては、静脈内、動脈内、皮下、腹腔内、筋肉内、注射もしくは注入;または頭蓋内、例えば、クモ膜下腔内もしくは脳室内投与が挙げられる。非経口投与は、単回ボーラス用量の形態であってもよく、または例えば、連続灌流ポンプによるものであってもよい。局所投与のための医薬組成物および製剤としては、経皮パッチ、軟膏、ローション、クリーム、ゲル、ドロップ、坐剤、スプレー、液体および粉末を挙げることができる。従来の医薬担体、水性、粉末または油性基材、増粘剤などが必要であるか、または望ましい場合もある。
製剤の製造において、他の成分と合わせる前に、活性化合物を粉砕して、適当な粒径にすることができる。活性化合物が実質的に不溶性である場合、200メッシュ未満の粒径に粉砕できる。活性化合物が実質的に水溶性である場合、粒径を粉砕により調節し、例えば、約40メッシュの製剤において、実質的に均一な分布を得ることができる。
本発明の化合物は、実施例2:インビトロ実験および実施例3:インビボ実験に記載の生物学的方法の検討でさらに有用であり得る。したがって、本発明の別の態様は、撮像技法においてだけでなく、ヒトを含む、組織サンプル中のNAMPTを位置特定し、定量化するため、および標識化合物の阻害結合によりNAMPTリガンドを同定するための、インビトロとインビボ両方のアッセイでも有用である、本発明の標識(放射性標識、蛍光標識など)化合物に関する。したがって、本発明は、このような標識化合物を含有する、NAMPTアッセイを含む。
本発明の開示内容は、治療有効量の式(I)の化合物を含む医薬組成物を含有する1つもしくはそれ以上の容器を含む、例えば、癌のような、NAMPT関連疾患もしくは障害の治療もしくは予防で有用な医薬キット、またはその実施形態のいずれかも含む。このようなキットが、例えば、1つまたはそれ以上の薬学的に許容される担体を有する容器、追加の容器などの、様々な従来の医薬キット構成要素の1つまたはそれ以上をさらに含み得ることは、当業者には容易に明らかになるであろう。投与される成分の量、投与のためのガイドライン、および/または成分を混合するためのガイドラインを示す、挿入物またはラベルのいずれかとしての使用説明書もキットに含まれる。
Claims (36)
- 式(I):
Y1は−CR14−またはNであり、
Y2はCR15またはNであり、
Y3は−C(O)−であり、
Y4は−CH2もしくは−N(R16)−であるか、または
Y3およびY4は一緒になって−C(R17)=C(R18)−であり、
Xはアリール、ヘテロアリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキルまたはアミドであり、
ZはC2以上のアルキルまたはアルコキシアルキルであり、
RはHまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
R1〜R18は独立に−HまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
QはCまたはNであり;ただし、QがNであり、RがHであるとき、Xは
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩。 - Xはフェニルまたは置換フェニルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Xはフルオロフェニルである、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- RはHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Xはピリジニルまたは置換ピリジニルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Xはフルオロピリジニルまたはメチルピリジニルである、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- Y1はCHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y1はNである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y2はCHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y2はNである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y4は−CH2−である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y3およびY4は一緒になって−C(R17)=C(R18)−である、請求項11に記載の化合物。
- Y3およびY4は一緒になって−C(R17)=C(R18)−である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- ZはC2〜C4アルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Zはプロピルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Zはイソプロピルである、請求項15に記載の化合物。
- Zはアルコキシアルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Zはシクロブチルメチルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1〜R18は各々−Hである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R17およびR18は各々−Hである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 免疫性疾患の治療的調節のための活性化および/または増殖B細胞の阻害方法であって、請求項1、請求項21または請求項22に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- 免疫性疾患は紅斑性狼瘡、リウマチ性関節炎、強皮症、乾癬、シェーグレン症候群、1型糖尿病または多発性硬化症である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 移植片の免疫抑制の誘導、調節または維持方法であって、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- 治療用バイオ医薬品に対する免疫反応の抑制または調節方法であって、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- 治療用バイオ医薬品は組換えタンパク質、核酸、抗体またはペプチドである、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 腫瘍細胞の増殖の阻害方法であって、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- 腫瘍細胞はNARPT欠損である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 白血病およびリンパ腫の治療方法であって、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- 白血病は急性リンパ性白血病である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- ウイルス感染症の治療方法であって、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む組成物を、それを必要とする患者に投与することを含む、前記方法。
- ウイルス感染症は、インフルエンザ、RSV、HSV、HCV、HBV、HPV、HIV、CMV、EBOVまたはEBVから選択される、請求項32に記載の方法。
- B細胞の形質細胞への分化の阻害方法であって、B細胞と請求項1、請求項20または請求項21に記載の化合物とを接触させることを含む、前記方法。
- サンプル中の請求項1、請求項21または請求項22に記載の化合物の存在の決定方法であって、サンプルと、化合物に結合する結合剤とを接触させ、結合剤の化合物への結合を検出することを含む、前記方法。
- 式(I):
Y1は−CR14−またはNであり、
Y2はCR15またはNであり、
Y3は−C(O)−であり、
Y4は−CH2もしくは−N(R16)−であるか、または
Y3およびY4は一緒になって−C(R17)=C(R18)−であり、
Xはアリール、ヘテロアリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリールアルキルまたはアミドであり、
ZはC2以上のアルキルまたはアルコキシアルキルであり、
RはHまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
R1〜R18は独立に−HまたはC1〜C6アルキルであり、
QはCまたはNであり;ただし、QがNであり、RがHであるとき、Xは
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩であって、式(I)の少なくとも1個の原子が、放射性同位体で置き換えられているか、または式(I)の少なくとも1つの基が、蛍光基で置き換えられている、前記化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩。
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