JP2017515674A - 窒素の酸化物を還元するためのscr法及び同法のための触媒の製造方法 - Google Patents
窒素の酸化物を還元するためのscr法及び同法のための触媒の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017515674A JP2017515674A JP2017501521A JP2017501521A JP2017515674A JP 2017515674 A JP2017515674 A JP 2017515674A JP 2017501521 A JP2017501521 A JP 2017501521A JP 2017501521 A JP2017501521 A JP 2017501521A JP 2017515674 A JP2017515674 A JP 2017515674A
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- catalyst
- molecular sieve
- catalytically active
- crystalline
- mesopores
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- QXEWIOXOEKLPFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ce+3].[W+2]=O Chemical compound [O-2].[Ce+3].[W+2]=O QXEWIOXOEKLPFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B01J29/0333—Iron group metals or copper
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B01J29/0356—Iron group metals or copper
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Abstract
Description
或いは、近代的な触媒コンバーターは、典型的にはハニカム体の形態の、押出成形されたセラミック製触媒とすることができる。運転時には、浄化される排気ガスは、コーティングされた基材又は押出成形された触媒本体のチャネルを通って流れる。
結晶質モレキュラーシーブは、アルミノシリケートではなく、Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Association(IZA−Sc)のゼオライトアトラスから明らかであるゼオライトフレームワーク構造を有する他のモレキュラーシーブも含む。これは、特にシリコアルミノホスフェート(SAPO)、さもなくばアルミノホスフェート(ALPO)に関し、これらも上記ゼオライトアトラスに含まれる。
これらのタイプ、並びに8ブロック式環構造も、大きな孔開口を有している。
1.少なくとも一つの小孔性、ミクロ多孔性の触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)を含む触媒(2)、特にSCR触媒,であって、この小孔性の触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)がアルカリ処理により導入されるメソ細孔を含む、触媒。
2.小孔性、ミクロ多孔性の触媒的に活性な成分が、モレキュラーシーブ、具体的にはゼオライト(ZM,I)である、1に記載の触媒(2)。
3.モレキュラーシーブが、金属活性剤を含み、具体的にはイオン交換ゼオライト(ZM,I)である、2に記載の触媒(2)。
4.モレキュラーシーブが、代替的に又は小孔性の触媒的に活性なモレキュラーシーブ(ZM,I)として組合せて使用されるフレームワーク構造CHA、AEI、ERI又はAFXを有する、2又は3に記載の触媒(2)。
5.小孔性、ミクロ多孔性の触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)の割合が50から95wt%の範囲である、1から4のいずれか一つに記載の触媒(2)。
6.無機結合剤成分(B,BA)を含む、1から5のいずれか一つに記載の触媒(2)。
7.無機結合剤成分(B,BA)が多孔性粒子を含む、6に記載の触媒(2)。
8.無機結合剤成分(BA)触媒的に活性化される、6又は7に記載の触媒コンバーター(2)。
9.無機結合剤成分(BA)が、触媒的に活性な層でコーティングされた粒子又は粒子形態を保持しながらゼオライトフレームワーク構造へと少なくとも部分的に変換された粒子を含む、8に記載の触媒(2)。
10.押出成形された触媒、具体的にはハニカム触媒又はウォールフロー型フィルターの形態の、1から9のいずれか一つに記載の触媒(2)。
11.小孔性の触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)を含む、具体的には1から10のいずれか一つに記載の触媒(2)を製造するための方法であって、アルカリ処理によりメソ細孔を小孔成分(ZM,I)に導入する方法。
12.モレキュラーシーブ、具体的にはゼオライト(ZM,I)を小孔性の活性成分として使用する、11に記載の方法。
13.イオン交換によるメソ細孔の導入に続いて、触媒的に活性な金属イオンを小孔成分に導入することにより、触媒的に活性なセルを形成する、12に記載の方法。
14.モレキュラーシーブは、メソ細孔の導入に続いて、代替的に直接的に金属イオン交換されるか、又は金属イオン交換が行われる前にまず中間形態に変換される、13に記載の方法。
15.成形可能な触媒成分(E)が
提供されて、特に押出成形により成形体(4)に成形され、メソ細孔が成形体(4)の成形後にのみ導入される、11から14のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
2 触媒
4 ハニカム体
6 フローチャネル
Z 小孔ゼオライト
ZM メソ細孔を有する小孔ゼオライト
ZM,I メソ細孔を有するイオン交換小孔ゼオライト
B 結合剤成分
BA 触媒的に活性化された結合剤成分
R 残留成分
Claims (17)
- 選択的触媒還元(SCR)により内燃機関の排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を還元する方法であって、アンモニア及び酸素も含有する排気ガスを、触媒(2)を含む触媒コンバーターと接触させることを含み、前記触媒は、4面体の基本的構築ブロック8つからなる最大開環を有する、少なくとも一つの結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)を含み、前記結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)はメソ細孔を有する、方法。
- 少なくとも一つの結晶質小孔性の触媒的に活性な成分が、アルミノシリケートゼオライト、シリコアルミノホスフェートモレキュラーシーブ又はアルミノホスフェートモレキュラーシーブ(ZM,I)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- モレキュラーシーブが促進剤金属を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 結晶質モレキュラーシーブが促進剤金属によりイオン交換されている、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 促進剤金属が鉄又は銅である、請求項3又は4に記載の方法。
- 結晶質モレキュラーシーブが、フレームワーク構造CHA、AEI、ERI又はAFXのうちの一又は複数である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 無機結合剤成分(B,BA)を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 無機結合剤成分(B,BA)が、孔幅2〜50nmのメソ多孔性又は50nmを上回る孔幅のマクロ多孔性を有する多孔性粒子を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 無機結合剤成分(BA)が触媒的に活性化されている、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 無機結合剤成分(BA)が、触媒的に活性な層でコーティングされているか又は粒子形態を保持しながらゼオライトフレームワーク構造に変換されている粒子を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 押出成形された触媒の形態の、又は触媒がウオッシュコートとして触媒的に不活性な押出成形された担体上に存在する、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 押出成形された触媒が、ハニカム触媒又はウォールフロー型フィルターの形態である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)の割合が、最終的に組み立てられ、焼結されたセラミック製触媒本体の全体の重量に基づき、50から95wt%の範囲である、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法に使用される触媒(2)を備える押出成形体の製造方法であって、前記触媒が少なくとも一つの結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)を含み、且つ4面体の基本的構築ブロック8つからなる最大開環を有し、前記結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)はメソ細孔を含み、本方法は、少なくとも一つの結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブの触媒的に活性な成分(ZM,I)を含み、且つ4面体の基本的構築ブロック8つからなる開環を有する押出成形可能な組成物を調製すること、この押出成形可能な組成物を成形体に押出成形すること、及び成形体中の少なくとも一つの結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブに、アルカリ処理によりメソ細孔を導入することを含む方法。
- メソ細孔の導入に続いて、触媒的に活性な促進剤金属イオンを結晶質小孔モレキュラーシーブ成分に導入することにより、触媒的に活性なセルを形成する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- メソ細孔の導入に続いて、モレキュラーシーブを、直接的に金属イオン交換するか、又は金属イオン交換が行われる前にまず中間形態に変換する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 促進剤金属が鉄又は銅である、請求項15又は16に記載の方法。
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DE102014205783.3 | 2014-03-27 | ||
PCT/GB2015/050947 WO2015145178A2 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-27 | Scr method for reducing oxides of nitrogen and method for producing a catalyst for such method |
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CN113171748A (zh) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-27 | 山东亮剑环保新材料有限公司 | 一种高表面积蜂窝沸石及其生产方法 |
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DE102014205783A1 (de) | 2015-10-01 |
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GB2527398A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
EP3122443A2 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
US20200018210A1 (en) | 2020-01-16 |
KR20160136443A (ko) | 2016-11-29 |
GB201505336D0 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
RU2016141915A (ru) | 2018-04-28 |
US20170145887A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
WO2015145178A2 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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