JP2017513051A - 液晶素子 - Google Patents
液晶素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017513051A JP2017513051A JP2016557011A JP2016557011A JP2017513051A JP 2017513051 A JP2017513051 A JP 2017513051A JP 2016557011 A JP2016557011 A JP 2016557011A JP 2016557011 A JP2016557011 A JP 2016557011A JP 2017513051 A JP2017513051 A JP 2017513051A
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- group
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- compound
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- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 79
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- -1 acrylate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
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- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
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- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
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- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- CEBKHWWANWSNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C#C CEBKHWWANWSNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LBJBPGRQRGLKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-naphthalen-2-yl-6-sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrrolo[3,4-e][1,4]diazepin-8-one Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1N1C(=S)C(C(=NCCN2)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)=C2C1=O LBJBPGRQRGLKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract
Description
0≦|Y−{1×10−4X3−1.2×10−3X2+3.1×10−3X−1.6×10−3}|≦0.05
一般式1で、Xはモールド層のAFM Zスケール表面粗さを表わし、Yはモールド層の表面極性度を表わす。モールド層の表面エネルギー(γsurface)は無極性分子間の分散力と極性分子間の相互作用力が考慮されて(γsurface=γispersion+γpolar)計算され得るが、表面エネルギーγsurfaceでpolar term(γpolar)の比率をその表面の極性度(polarity)で定義することができる。モールド層は表面粗さおよび極性度の相互関係を一般式1のように考慮することによって、液晶素子に外部配向力が印加されていない状態で液晶化合物に対してより優秀な垂直配向を誘導することができる。
Rin=d×(nx−ny)
[数式2]
Rth=d×(nz−ny)
数式1および2でRinは面相位相差であり、Rthは厚さ方向位相差であり、dはモールド層の厚さ、nxはモールド層の面相で遅相軸方向の屈折率であり、nyはモールド層の面相で進相軸方向の屈折率であり、nzはモールド層の厚さ方向の屈折率である。
0=|Y−{1×10−4X3−1.2×10−3X2+3.1×10−3X−1.6×10−3}|=0.05
前記一般式2で、Xは前記樹脂層のAFM Zスケール表面粗さを表わし、Yは前記樹脂層の表面極性度を表わす。この場合、樹脂層の表面極性度は例えば、0〜0.5または0〜0.4の範囲内にあり得るがこれに制限されるものではない。また、樹脂層の表面エネルギー、表面粗さおよび表面極性度を測定する方法はモールド層の項目で記述した測定方法の内容を同一に適用することができる。
表面エネルギーは水滴型分析器(Drop Shape Analyzer、KRUSS社のDSA100製品)を使って測定した。測定しようとするサンプルに表面張力(surface tension)が公知されている脱イオン化水を落としてその接触角を求める過程を5回繰り返し、得られた5個の接触角数値の平均値を求め、同様に、表面張力が公知されているジヨードメタン(diiodomethane)を落とし、その接触角を求める過程を5回繰り返し、得られた5個の接触角数値の平均値を求める。その後、求められた脱イオン化水とジヨードメタンに対する接触角の平均値を利用してOwens−Wendt−Rabel−Kaelble方法によって溶媒の表面張力に関する数値(Strom値)を代入して表面エネルギーを求めた。サンプルの表面エネルギー(γsurface)は無極性分子間の分散力と極性分子間の相互作用力が考慮されて(γsurface= γdispersion+γpolar)計算され得るが、前記表面エネルギーγsurfaceでpolar term(γpolar)の比率をその表面の極性度(polarity)で定義することができる。
表面粗さはBruker社のMultimode AFM機器を使ってAFM Zスケール表面粗さ(算術平均粗さ、Ra)を測定することによって測定され得る(測定条件:パラメーター− Mode:ScanAsyst in air、Samples/line:512×512、Scan rate:0.7Hz、AFM probe:Silicon tip on nitride lever w/ Al coating(Bruker)、Material:Silicon Nitride、Resonance Frequency:50〜90kHz、Force Constant:0.4N/m、Thickness:0.65μm、Length:115±10μm、Width:25μm、Tip height:5μm、Software−Nanoscope 8.15)
PC(ポリカーボネート)フィルム上にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)層を蒸着した2枚の基材フィルムをITO層が内側に位置されるように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
PC(ポリカーボネート)フィルム上にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)層を蒸着した後コロナ処理を遂行した基材フィルム2枚をITO層が内側に位置するように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルム上にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)層を蒸着した後、ITO層にDaipo Paper社のSi−Ahesvieを約7μm〜50μmの厚さで転写した基材フィルム2枚を接着剤層が内側に位置するように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
PC(ポリカーボネート)フィルム上にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)層を蒸着した後、ITO層の上部にSiOx系バリアー層を形成した基材フィルム2枚をバリアー層が内側に位置するように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
PC(ポリカーボネート)フィルム上にハードコート層を形成した基材フィルム2枚をハードコート層が内側に位置するように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルム上にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)層を蒸着した後、ITO層にHenkel社の3193H Adhesvieを約1μm〜5μmの厚さで転写した基材フィルム2枚を接着剤層が内側に位置するように対向配置した後、その間に液晶組成物(7306、HCCH社製)を約3μm〜30μmの厚さとなるように注入して液晶セルを製造した。
参照例1〜6で製造された基材フィルムに対して前述した方法で表面エネルギーおよび表面粗さを測定して図3および表1に表わし、参照例1〜6で製造された液晶セルに対して垂直配向の可否を評価してその結果を表1に表わした。具体的には、表面エネルギーおよび表面粗さは測定例1および2の方法で測定することができ、また、液晶セルを正面(入射角0°)で観察した時、直進透過率が55%以上である場合を垂直配向になったと評価した。図3および表1に表わした通り、基材フィルムの表面エネルギーが45mN/m以下であり、表面粗さが2nm以下である場合、これを上下部基材フィルムにする液晶セルは液晶に対して垂直配向を効果的に誘導できることを確認することができる。
ITO透明電極層が蒸着されたPETフィルム(100mm×100mm)(以下、第1基板)のITO層上にアクリル基板のモールド層組成物(商品名:KAD−03、メーカー:ミニュータテック社製)をコーティングした後、インプリンティング方式でHoneycombo typeのパターンを形成した(パターン凸部の幅:10μm〜50μm、凸部の高さ:3μm〜20μm、凹部の幅:300μm〜750μm)。引き続き、インプリンティングされたモールド層の上部に液晶化合物(7306、HCCH社製)2gおよび異方性染料(X12、BASF社製)20mgを含む液晶組成物をコーティングした。次いで、ITO透明電極層が蒸着されたPETフィルム(100mm×100mm)(以下、第2基板)上に樹脂層としてDaipo Paper社のSi−Ahesvieを約10um厚さで転写した。引き続き、樹脂層がモールド層の凹部に接触するように第1基板上部に第2基板を積層した後、条件でFusion UV 70% 3m/min条件で光を照射することによって液晶素子を製造した。
第2基板上に樹脂層としてDaipo Paper社のSi−Ahesvieの代わりにHenkel社の3193H Adhesvieを約3um厚さで転写したことを除いては実施例1のような方法を遂行して比較例1の液晶素子を製造した。
実施例1および比較例1で製造された液晶素子を顕微鏡(OM)で観察したイメージを図4に示した。図4に示されたように、比較例1の場合、液晶および染料が垂直配向状態ではないため、ドメインを形成しており、明るさが暗いことを確認することができる。反面、実施例1の場合、液晶と染料が垂直配向状態であるため、ドメインも観察されず、色も明るさが明るいことを確認することができる。
実施例1および比較例1で製造された液晶素子に対してTexture Analyzerを利用して樹脂層とモールド層の90度剥離力を測定することによって接着力を評価し、その結果を図5および表1に示した。図5に示した通り、実施例1は比較例1に比べて優秀な接着力を示していることが分かる。
実施例1および比較例1で製造された液晶素子に対し、電圧非印加状態で視野角による直進透過度を評価してその結果を図6に示し、正面での駆動電圧による全体透過度を評価してその結果を図7に示した。視野角による直進透過率は、LCMS−200装備を利用して液晶素子に入射される光の角度による直進透過率変化を測定し、電圧の印加による透過率は上下ITO−PETフィルムのITO層にAC電源を連結して駆動させて印加された電圧による全体透過率をヘイズメータ(NDH−5000SP)を利用して測定した。図7に示した通り、実施例1の液晶素子は電圧非印加状態では高い透過率を表わし、電圧印加状態では低い透過率を表わしていることを確認することができ、これを通じて通常透過モードを具現することが分かる。また、図6に示した通り、実施例1の液晶素子は比較例1の液晶素子に比べて電圧非印加状態で正面および視野角で高い透過率を、すなわち優秀な垂直配向状態を示していることがわかる。
Claims (16)
- 上部に凸部と凹部が形成されているモールド層が存在する第1基板;上部に表面エネルギーが45mN/m以下であり、AFM Zスケール表面粗さが2nm以下である樹脂層が形成されており、前記樹脂層が前記モールド層の凸部と接触するように配置されている第2基板;および前記モールド層の凹部に存在する液晶化合物を含む、液晶素子。
- モールド層または樹脂層は下記の一般式1を満足する、請求項1に記載の液晶素子:
[一般式1]
0≦|Y−{1×10−4X3−1.2×10−3X2+3.1×10−3X−1.6×10−3}|≦0.05
前記一般式1で、Xは前記モールド層または樹脂層のAFM Zスケール表面粗さを表わし、Yは前記モールド層または樹脂層の表面極性度を表わす(ただし、モールド層の表面粗さおよび表面極性度は凸部および凹部が形成されていない状態のモールド層の表面に対して測定した値である)。 - モールド層または樹脂層は重合性または架橋性化合物または硬化性化合物を含む、請求項1に記載の液晶素子。
- 重合性または架橋性化合物はアクリレート化合物である、請求項3に記載の液晶素子。
- 硬化性化合物は硬化性シリコン化合物である、請求項3に記載の液晶素子。
- モールド層または樹脂層は垂直配向を誘導できる添加剤をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の液晶素子。
- 添加剤は塩素(Cl)、フッ素(F)またはケイ素(Si)を含む垂直配向ポリマーを含む、請求項6に記載の液晶素子。
- 樹脂層とモールド層の凸部は粘着力によって接触されているかまたは樹脂層とモールド層の凸部が架橋された状態で接触している、請求項1に記載の液晶素子。
- 初期状態で液晶化合物は垂直配向された状態で凹部に存在する、請求項1に記載の液晶素子。
- 初期状態で液晶素子は面相位相差が30nm以下で、厚さ方向位相差は500nm以上である、請求項1に記載の液晶素子。
- 初期状態で400nm〜700nmの波長の光に対する透過率が45%以上であり、ヘイズが10%以下である、請求項1に記載の液晶素子。
- 外部エネルギーの印加によって400nm〜700nmの波長の光に対する透過率が45%未満であり、ヘイズが10%超過である散乱モードにスイッチングされる、請求項11に記載の液晶素子。
- 上部に凸部と凹部が形成されているモールド層が存在する第1基板の凹部に液晶化合物を含ませた後、上部に表面エネルギーが45mN/m以下であり、AFM Zスケール表面粗さが2nm以下である樹脂層が形成されている第2基板を前記樹脂層が前記モールド層の凸部と接触するように第1基板上部に積層することを含む、液晶素子の製造方法。
- モールド層の凸部と凹部をインプリンティング方式で形成する、請求項13に記載の液晶素子の製造方法。
- 第2基板を第1基板に積層した後、樹脂層とモールド層の凸部を架橋させることを含む、請求項13に記載の液晶素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の液晶素子を含む、光変調装置。
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