JP2017506066A - 治療薬の評価および転移能力の予測のための、浸潤性および転移性の細胞を単離するための方法および装置 - Google Patents
治療薬の評価および転移能力の予測のための、浸潤性および転移性の細胞を単離するための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、米国特許法§119(e)の下、2014年1月22日に出願された米国仮出願第61/930,390号および2015年1月6日に出願された同第62/100,375号(これらは、その全体が参考として本明細書に援用される)の利益を主張する。
本明細書では、生物内の原発性部位から二次性の場所への細胞遊走プロセスを再構築するように設計された装置中で真核細胞をin vitroで培養する、細胞培養アセンブリが提供される。上記のように、再構築転移モデルである細胞培養アセンブリは、「rMet」モデルもしくは系または細胞培養装置もしくはプラットフォームと呼ばれることもある。rMetモデルは、腫瘍細胞の、原発性組織部位、例えば乳腺から、二次性部位、例えば骨髄への播種を、伝統的培養方法を使用して可能なものよりも、in vivoでの拡散に緊密に類似した様式で行うことを可能にする。rMetモデルは、治療薬開発、抗がん薬試験、処置に対する応答の評価および個々の腫瘍の転移能力の予測に使用される原発性腫瘍、浸潤性および転移性細胞を単離するための機会の改善を提供する。
本明細書において、腫瘍細胞集団を分離して異なる腫瘍形成段階の細胞(例えば、原発性腫瘍、浸潤性および転移性細胞、ならびに再燃(recurring)/再発がん由来の細胞)を単離するためのプラットフォームを提供する固有な系が提供される。
細胞培養アセンブリは、図1Aに示されるように垂直であってもよく、図2に示されるように水平であってもよい。
抗がん/抗過剰増殖治療について試験する方法
抗がん治療の効能を特定する方法
例示的一実施形態では、rMet装置は、個々の腫瘍の転移可能性を予測するための原発性および二次性部位の微小環境を再構築する。実施形態は、腫瘍細胞の遊走および播種能力を測定し、転移を形成する可能性のある個々の腫瘍を特定するための方法を提供する。培養物は、個体により、コンピュータにより、自動化機械により、ロボットにより、または別の方法により調べられうる。rMet組織培養アセンブリ装置は、ハイコンテントスクリーニングに対して適合させてもよく、自動化画像読取機、デジタル顕微鏡/画像読取機、および/またはフローサイトメータを含んでもよい。様々な実施形態に従ったデジタル顕微鏡は、蛍光顕微鏡、自動顕微鏡、共焦点顕微鏡、広視野顕微鏡などであってもよい。さらに、がん治療を試験するための装置の実施形態は、画像解析用ソフトウェアを含んでもよい。
乳腺または前立腺原発性部位および骨髄二次性部位を用いた使用のための例示的rMet系
原発性部位が乳腺または前立腺であり、二次性部位が骨髄であるrMet系のマトリクス混合物は、以下のように設定される。2mg/mlのラット尾I型コラーゲンのストック溶液(BD Biosciences)を、中和緩衝液(2×リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)中の100mMのHEPES(Sigma))、pH7.2〜7.4に希釈した。再構築骨内膜(rEnd)(充実な骨と骨髄との間の境界にある細胞外マトリクス層)は、CaCl2およびMgCl2を含まない1×PBS(Sigma)、1mg/mlのヒト血漿フィブロネクチン(Millipore)、および2mg/mlのI型コラーゲンのそれぞれ63:5.3:1 v/v混合物であった。再構築骨髄(rBM)マトリクスを、マトリゲル(BD biosciences)、1mg/mlのフィブロネクチン、2mg/mlのI型コラーゲン、および2mg/mlのヒアルロン酸のそれぞれ4:2.5:1:1 v/v混合物として設定した。
rMet系における様々な転移性がん細胞の再定着
図3および図4に示される実施形態では、様々な細胞株を、実施例1の記載と同様の様式にてrMet系で試験した。以下の細胞株を試験した:乳がん(MCF10A、MCF10AneoT、MCF10CA1h、MCF10CA1a、MDA−MB−231、MDA−MB−231BO、MCF7)、前立腺がん(PC−3およびLNCap)、肺がん(A549)、胃がん(AGS)、膵臓がん(Panc−1)、結腸がん(LoVo)、卵巣がん(SK−OV−3)、黒色腫(A375)、精巣がん(NTERA−2)細胞株を、rMet培養物で増殖させた。細胞株は、ATCCおよびBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Instituteから取得した。浸潤性および転移性がんを有する患者から単離した乳がん細胞も、rMetモデルで試験した。アセンブリの調製についてのさらなる詳細は、使用される様々なマトリクスを含め、以下に示される。
1)調製した中和緩衝液:2×PBS中の100mMのHEPES。この溶液のpHは、約7.0であった
2)2mg/mlのI型コラーゲン溶液を、10.21mg/mlのラット尾I型コラーゲンを中和緩衝液で希釈することによって調製した。この溶液を低速でボルテックスするか、ピペットを使用して十分に混合した
3)ステップ2で調製した溶液を、平板ウェルに添加し、少なくとも1時間37℃でインキュベートし、十分に重合させてゲルを形成させた。添加する体積は、所望するゲルの厚さに従って決定した。
1)5mlのrEndを作製するために、384.6μlのフィブロネクチン(1mg/mlのストック)、72.3μlのI型コラーゲン(2mg/mlのストック)、および4.543mlの1×PBSを混合して、氷上で保持した。
1)rBMを作製するために、104μlのマトリゲル、68μlのフィブロネクチン(1mg/mlのストック)、28μlのI型コラーゲン(2mg/mlのストック)、および28μlのヒアルロン酸(2mg/ml)を混合し、氷上で保持した。
1)BMGMを作製するために、500μlの塩化カルシウム(0.62Mのストック)、500μlのコハク酸ナトリウム(1×10−3Mのストック)、500μlのヒドロコルチゾン(1×10−3Mのストック)、および1%のペニシリン/ストレプトマイシンを10%のFBSに添加し、394mlのRPMI−1640に添加した。
1)MEGMを作製するために、1%のペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、1%のウマ血清を、490mlのRPMI−1640に添加した。
1)マトリゲルは、4℃で終夜、解凍した
2)rEnd、rBM、MEGMおよびBMGMを、上記のように調製した
3)24ウェルのプレートのウェルあたり130μlのrEndを添加した
4)このプレートを、1時間37℃でインキュベートした
5)rEndと共に1時間インキュベーションした後、溶液をウェルから除去し、75μlのrBMを各ウェルの中心にそれぞれ添加し、プレートを1時間37℃でインキュベートした
6)24ウェルプレートの各ウェルに対して、7μlのPBS中の25,000個の細胞を、23μlのマトリゲルと混合した
7)ステップ6の混合物を穏やかにインサートの膜に添加し、均一に拡散した
8)細胞/マトリゲル混合物を、30分間37℃でインキュベートした
9)組織培養プレートおよびインサート中のマトリクスが固形化されたら、各インサートを24ウェルプレートのウェル中に先に設定したマトリクスと共に入れた
10)1mlのBMGMを、組織培養プレートの各ウェルに添加した
11)400マイクロリットルのMEGMをインサートへ添加した
12)アセンブリ全体を章動ミキサー上に置いて、37℃および5%二酸化炭素のインキュベータ中に入れた。
rMet系における細胞の生存度
図6に示される実施形態では、rMet細胞培養を実施し、続けて各画分の細胞生存度を測定した。細胞アセンブリは、実施例1に従って作製した。以下の細胞株を試験した:乳がん(MDA−MB−231、MDA−MB−231BO、MCF7)、前立腺がん(PC−3およびLNCap)、肺がん(A549)、胃がん(AGS)、膵臓がん(Panc−1)、結腸がん(LoVo)、卵巣がん(SK−OV−3)、黒色腫(A375)、精巣がん(NTERA−2)。
rMet系と異種移植片モデルとの比較
図7に示される実施形態では、異種移植片モデルを設定してrMetからの転移性画分の転移能力を検証した。
異種移植片から回収した腫瘍細胞を、ヒト白血球抗原(HLA)の存在に対してフローサイトメトリーにより評価した。
in situザイモグラフィーを使用して、マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)活性を検出した。細胞を、上記のようにrMetモデルで、DQ−FITC I型またはIV型コラーゲン(Life Technologies)を50μg/mlで製造業者の指示に従ってマトリゲルおよびrBMマトリクスに組み込んで培養した。MMP分泌を、Zeiss AxioObserver倒立顕微鏡を使用して、蛍光顕微鏡検査で14日間にわたってモニターした。各時間点で、画像を、495nmの励起波長で同じ露光時間で取得した。画像を、明るさ、コントラストまたは大きさについて、ImageJ(バージョン1.46r;NIH)またはAdobe Photoshop CS6 extended(バージョン13.0)を使用して編集した。
rMetの前臨床における能力を実証するために、従来モデルおよびrMet前臨床モデルを使用して5つの治療薬の効能を評価した。化合物#1、3および5は、rMet系で評価されるときに最小限の耐性を示し、in vivoおよび臨床活性を実証した。化合物#2は、フェーズII臨床試験に落第し、化合物#4は放棄となった;両方ともrMetで乏しい活性が実証された(rMet曲線は、落第閾値を超えたままである)。したがって、この実施例は、rMet系からの試験結果と臨床試験の結果との高い相関を示す。したがって、そのような相関性は、候補がん治療薬の臨床上の性能の予測におけるrMet系の価値を強調する。
Claims (24)
- a)脊椎動物由来の流体および任意選択で原発性部位増殖マトリクスを含む第1の構成要素と、
b)生物学的マトリクス模倣体を含む第2の構成要素と、
c)二次性部位増殖培地を含む動的流体構成要素であって、前記流体構成要素は、前記第1の構成要素および前記第2の構成要素と流体接触している、流体構成要素と
を含む細胞培養アセンブリであって、
前記二次性部位増殖培地は、前記流体よりも高い血清濃度を有する、アセンブリ。 - 前記二次性部位増殖培地が、少なくとも8%の血清または血清代用物を含有している、請求項1に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記二次性部位増殖培地が、少なくとも15%の血清または血清代用物を含有している、請求項1に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記流体が、5%未満の血清または血清代用物を含有している、請求項2に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記二次性部位増殖培地の血清濃度が、前記流体の血清濃度の少なくとも2倍である、請求項2に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素と前記第2の構成要素とが、別個の組織培養容器内に含まれている、請求項1に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素は、少なくとも一部がインサート容器内に含まれている、請求項1に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記流体構成要素に結合されたポンプまたはかき混ぜ装置をさらに含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素中の前記流体が、健常な脊椎動物に由来する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素中の前記流体が、がんを有する脊椎動物に由来する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記動的流体構成要素が、がんを有する脊椎動物から取得した流体を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記動的流体構成要素が、骨髄間質細胞の培養物から取得した流体を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記生物学的マトリクス模倣体が、臓器特異的マトリクスを含む、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記臓器特異的マトリクスが、副腎、骨髄、脳、肝臓、肺組織、リンパ節、卵巣、腹膜、皮膚、脾臓、結合組織、骨、血管構造物または関節結合部をシミュレートする、請求項13に記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記生物学的マトリクス模倣体が、コラーゲン1〜14もしくはその断片、エラスチン、ラミニン、フィブロネクチン、ヒアルロン酸もしくは関連するヒアルロナン、レクチカン、Matrigel(登録商標)または他のグリコサミノグリカン、コンドロイチン、デルマタン、または関連する細胞外マトリクスもしくは糖衣構成要素、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素が、膀胱、骨、骨髄、脳、乳房、頚部、結腸、子宮内膜、食道、腎臓、肝臓、肺、皮膚、卵巣、膵臓、前立腺、胃、精巣、甲状腺、または子宮、内皮細胞、平滑筋細胞、周皮細胞、瘢痕、線維症性組織、外科的癒着組織、または過剰増殖性骨病変の固形腫瘍を模倣する、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 前記第1の構成要素が、I型コラーゲン、II型コラーゲン、III型コラーゲン、IV型コラーゲン、V型コラーゲン、エラスチン、ラミニン、フィブロネクチン、ヒアルロン酸、レクチカン、Matrigel(登録商標)またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 系が、約30℃〜約45℃の温度で維持される、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の細胞培養アセンブリ。
- 抗がんまたは抗過剰増殖(抗HPP)治療薬を特定する方法であって、
a)可能性のある抗がん/抗HPP治療薬を含む溶液を、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリに添加するステップであって、前記細胞培養アセンブリの第2の構成要素は、検出可能な量の転移性がん細胞またはHPP細胞を含む、ステップと、
b)前記細胞培養アセンブリに存在する原発性腫瘍、浸潤性もしくは転移性がんまたはHPP細胞の量を、前記可能性のある抗がん/抗HPP治療薬の添加の前および後に検出するステップと、
c)可能性のある抗がん/抗HPP治療薬を特定するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 抗がん/抗HPP治療薬または組み合わせまたは処置スケジュールの、患者に対する効能を特定する方法であって、
a)可能性のある抗がん/抗HPP治療薬または組み合わせまたは処置スケジュールを含む溶液を、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリの第1の構成要素または第2の構成要素に添加するステップであって、前記細胞培養アセンブリの前記第2の構成要素は、検出可能な量の転移性がんまたはHPP細胞を含有する、ステップと、
b)前記第2の構成要素に存在する転移性がんまたはHPP細胞の量を、前記可能性のある抗がん/抗HPP治療薬、組み合わせ、または処置スケジュールの添加の前および後に検出するステップと、
d)抗がん/抗HPP治療薬、組み合わせ、または処置スケジュールの効能を特定するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 患者におけるがんの転移性播種または病理学的HPP増殖の進行を予測および/または特定する方法であって、
a)前記患者から取得したがんまたはHPP細胞を含む溶液を、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の細胞培養アセンブリの第1の構成要素に添加するステップであって、前記細胞培養アセンブリの第2の構成要素は、検出可能な量の前記患者由来のがんまたはHPP細胞を含む、ステップと、
b)十分な期間後に、前記細胞培養アセンブリの前記第2の構成要素における転移性がんまたはHPP細胞の存在または不在を検出するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記細胞培養アセンブリが、前記アセンブリに結合された、転移性細胞の定着を検出するための系をさらに含む、請求項19〜21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞培養アセンブリが、前記アセンブリに結合された、転移性がんまたはHPP細胞の定着または増殖を検出するためのデジタル顕微鏡または系をさらに含む、請求項19〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞培養アセンブリが、前記アセンブリに結合されたフローサイトメータをさらに含む、請求項19〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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SG11201605858WA (en) | 2016-08-30 |
CN105980541A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
US11124756B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
EP3097178A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
BR112016016635A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
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