JP2017503516A - フィコシアニン合成の改善 - Google Patents
フィコシアニン合成の改善 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017503516A JP2017503516A JP2016547843A JP2016547843A JP2017503516A JP 2017503516 A JP2017503516 A JP 2017503516A JP 2016547843 A JP2016547843 A JP 2016547843A JP 2016547843 A JP2016547843 A JP 2016547843A JP 2017503516 A JP2017503516 A JP 2017503516A
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- phycocyanin
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、色素のレベル及び濃度が上昇する微生物細胞培養条件を用いることに関する。
したがって、フィコシアニンを合成するための改善された、より低コストの方法が当該分野で必要とされている。
本文書で開示の実施形態は説明のための例にすぎず、本発明を限定するためのものではない。本発明の請求項の範囲から逸脱することなく他の実施形態も利用でき、また構造的な変更も加えることができる。
2.5g/1のNaNO3(pH8)を補充したF/2滅菌培地(CCAP[Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa]レシピ)に、無菌条件下、20%(v/v)で、Arthrospira platensis(CCMP[Culture Collection of Marine Phytoplankton]1295/Bigelow Laboratory、米国)(OD0.11〜0.12)を対数増殖期に接種した。白色(Lumitronix Barre LEDハイパワーSMD600mm、12V)又は680nm赤色LEDを備えた撹拌槽型フォトバイオリアクタ(stirred tank photobioreactor:STPBR)(Infors Labfors 4ベンチトップモディファイドバイオリアクタ)(図2、3)に2.75lの培養物を装填し、30℃、45μmol-1m-2光強度、18:6明暗サイクル、インペラ速度200rpmで、0.08LPM(VVM(volume of air per volume of culture per minute:1分あたりの培養物1体積あたりの空気の体積)約0.03リットル空気/リットル培地/分、LPM(Litres air per litres medium per minute))で金網付きリングスパージャ(gauzed ring sparger)を通して天然圧縮空気(約0.03%CO2)を供給して作動させた。pH及び溶解した酸素をオンラインで10分間隔で記録した(Mettler Toledoプローブ)。8mlの試料を無菌で1(接種)、3、6、7、10、13及び14日目に分析のために採取した。
成長の尺度として、光学濃度(OD)を、クロロフィルの自家蛍光(CF)及び直接細胞計数と共に用いた。ODを750nm、Griffithsら(2011)[非特許文献14]で、Cary 100紫外線/可視光分光光度計(Varian)(F/2培地で補正)を用いて3重で測定した。CFを、黒色の96ウェルプレートの各ウェルに分割した3つの3重300μl試料において分析した。試料を430nmで励起させ、発光を690nmでFLUOstar OPTIMA蛍光プレートリーダ(BMG LABTECH)を使用して測定した。示度をF/2培地のブランク試料に対して読み取り、任意の蛍光単位の平均値を統計分析に使用した。細胞計数を、Sedgewick rafterカウンティングセル及びLeitz Dialux 20光学顕微鏡を使用して行った。3重の10のランダムな試料の計数を1μlの培養物について行った。
20のシアノバクテリアの螺旋の全長及び幅を測定することで、トリコームの形態学的な特徴における変化を評価した。画像をLeitz Dialux 20光学顕微鏡及びEasyGrabソフトウェアを用いて撮影し、分析をImage Jを使用して行った。画像のサイズは、計数線を用いて630ピクセルmm-1でキャリブレートした。
PCの抽出はZhang及びChen(1999)[非特許文献15]の方法に基づいた。5mLの試料を、事前に計量したガラス管に、3000g/10分(Sigma 3K18C遠心分離機)での遠心分離により収穫した。細胞を脱イオン水で一度洗浄し、湿潤した生物有機体の計量を行った。次に、ペレットを3mLの0.05Mリン酸ナトリウムバッファ(pH7)に再懸濁させた。細胞を1時間かけて凍結/融解サイクル(−20℃)により破壊し、3分間にわたって6ミクロンの振幅(Soniprep 150、MSE)で超音波処理した。次に、試料を10000gでの30分間にわたる遠心分離に供し(Sigma 1−15マイクロ遠心分離機)、上清の吸光度を、200〜800nmで、分光光度計(Cary 100紫外線−可視光分光光度計、Varian)により石英キュベットを使用してスキャンした。リン酸ナトリウムバッファ(0.05M)をブランクとして使用し、PC濃度及び純度を、Bennet及びBogorad(1973)[非特許文献10](等式1)並びにBoussiba及びRichmond(1979)[非特許文献16](等式2)の方法を用いてそれぞれ計算した。抽出率を、下の等式3にしたがって計算した。PC濃度は14日目(又は成長がOD0.33に達した時)に3重で分析した。
2.PC純度=A620/A280
3.抽出率(mgPC/mg生物有機体)=(PC濃度*溶媒体積(mL)/生物有機体(mg)
マトリックス調製:20mgのアルファ−シアノ−4−ヒドロキシケイ皮酸(HCCA)(Brucker Daltonics)を1mlの50%アセトニトリル:2.5%TFA溶液と混合し、25℃での超音波水浴(Grant instruments、ケンブリッジ)における30分間のインキュベーションにより飽和させ、15分間にわたってボルテックスした。マトリックスを遠心分離に供し(14000g、1分間)(Sigma 1−15Kマイクロ遠心分離機)、50μlのアリコートを使用のために新しく準備した。
1mlの試料を遠心分離に供し(14000g、5分間)(Sigma 1−15Kマイクロ遠心分離機)、ペレットを2回、新しい脱イオン水(fdw:fresh deionized water)で洗浄し、−80℃で冷凍保存した。ペレットを氷上で解凍し、スポッティングに先立って50μlのfdwに再懸濁させた。試料を1:1でHCCAマトリックスと混合し、4μlの2重試料をスチールのターゲットプレート(MTP384ターゲットプレートグラウンドスチール、Brucker)上に、キャリブラントとしての1μlのHCCAマトリックスを重ねた1μlの細菌スタンダード(Brucker)と共にスポットした。次に、試料をMS分析にかけた(BrukerウルトラフレックスII maldi−toftof)。スペクトルを、flexAnalysisソフトウェアパッケージ(Bruker)を使用して分析した。
試料を15%滅菌グリセロール中で凍結させ、個体数分析のために−80℃で凍結させた(Dr.Andrew Free及びRocky Kindt、エジンバラ大学)。
データ分析を、Microsoft Excel 2007及びGraphpad Prism 5を使用して行った。
白色LED光と比較して、赤色680nm下での培養物の成長に顕著な違いは観察されなかった(図4)。バッチ赤色2における大きな順化遅延期間に注目されたい(図4)。培養物は、順化して光合成において赤色680nm光を利用できるようになるまでに時間を必要とし(観察結果より)、この順化は可逆的であった。
フィコシアニンは620nmで吸収する。赤色680nmLEDバッチの抽出物におけるPCの存在は、白色LEDよりずっと多かった(図5、6)。670〜680nm付近の第2クロロフィルaピークにおいて興味深い青色シフトが観察され、ピーク赤色680nm抽出物吸収は677〜678nmであり、ピーク白色抽出物吸収は673〜674である(図6)。
ホールセルMALDIスペクトルは、白色LED光と比較した、赤色680nm下での培養による豊富なタンパク質における違いを示した(図8)。
MS分析用に準備した試料を廃棄する際、赤色680nm試料においては高濃度のPCが溶液となって浸出した(図9)。浸出したPCにおける色の変化は、白色LED光と比較して、赤色680nm培養物において目視ではるかに大きく、5倍上昇をはるかに超えるように見えた。これは赤色680nm培養物ではPC浸出特性が異なる可能性を示しており、下流側の加工(downstream processing:DSP)にとって有益になり得る。680nm光下での培養は、生物有機体からのPCの浸出を増加させ得る。
680nm光下での培養は培養物の凝集も増大させ得て、DSPにとっては利点がある。凝集は、ストレス反応としての細胞外多糖(EPS)の産生の増加の結果になり得る。これは明らかに、当業者が予測し得なかった、予期せぬ優れた結果である。
本発明は、色素のレベル及び濃度が上昇する微生物細胞培養条件を用いることに関する。
Claims (13)
- (i)微生物を適切な成長培地において培養するステップと、
(ii)適切な光の供給源を用意するステップとを含み、
前記光が約640〜約720nmの波長を有する電磁放射線から成り、前記培養中の微生物がフィコシアニンを合成する
ことを特徴とするフィコシアニン合成方法。 - 前記微生物がArthrospira platensis又はArthrospira maxima(Spirulina又はArthrospira属)である
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記電磁放射線が680nmの最大波長を有する
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記電磁放射線が682nmの最大波長を有する
請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記電磁放射線が678nmの最大波長発光を有する
請求項3に記載の方法。 - 第2の光の供給源を用意する追加ステップを含み、
前記光が350〜760nmの波長を有する電磁放射線を含む
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記合成されたフィコシアニンのレベルが、白色光の存在下で培養した同一微生物において合成されたフィコシアニンのレベルより少なくとも4倍高い
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記白色光が、350〜760nmの波長を有する電磁放射線を含む
請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記合成されたフィコシアニンが前記微生物から浸出する
請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記微生物が別の生物と置き換えられ、前記別の生物が、光合成細菌、光合成古細菌、光合成原生生物、光合成藻類、光合成蘚類及び光合成植物から成る群から選択される
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記生物が組み換えDNAを含む
請求項10に記載の方法。 - 生化学物質の合成に適し、前記生化学物質が、ヒアルロナン、グルコサミン、サッカライド、多糖、フィコビリタンパク質、アロフィコシアニン、フィコエリトリン、ビリン、フィコビリン、プロテオグリカン及びグリコサミノグリカンから成る群から選択される
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 容器とランプとを備え、前記ランプが少なくとも640nm以上の波長を有する電磁エネルギーを発生し、前記容器がフィコシアニンを合成可能な微生物を含む
ことを特徴とするフィコシアニン生産システム。
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