JP2017217990A - Floating body for evacuation from tidal wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating body for evacuation for one person or a small number of persons which can assure safe evacuation at the time of a tidal wave generation due to a giant earthquake or at the time of a flood and flooding of a river due to a flood tide or heavy rainfall.SOLUTION: A floating body for evacuation is provided in which a three-dimensional shape having a spherical or a cylindrical space where a person can evacuate is formed. A component of an outer shell forming the three-dimensional shape comprises a thin-walled plate made of a reinforcement resin, a rubber or the like which is excellent in a breakage resistance and a waterproofness, a sheet material, a cloth material, a multi-layered composite material thereof, a shape memory material, or a timber material, a foamable steel plate, an air foamable plate, a porous plate or a multilayered composite material thereof which has a specific gravity smaller than 1.0, or a plate having a hollow structure or a hollow structure with a partition wall. A size of the three-dimensional shape has a diameter of 50 cm to 110 cm in terms of volume as a sphere, and has a three-dimensional space volume which has a buoyant force larger than a total weight including body weights of accommodation persons in water. The floating body has a light weight, and is shaped by being folded and contracted for portable use or as a fixture for use in a moving body such as a train, a bus, or a private vehicle, or a school, a workplace and so on.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention relates to a recent, safe, simple, and inexpensive tsunami evacuation floating body that allows an individual to evacuate quickly despite a dangerous tsunami that strikes 5 minutes after a huge earthquake.

In the upcoming Japan Sea giant tsunami and Nankai Trough giant tsunami, it is assumed that a tsunami with a height of 10m or more will strike in the shortest 5 minutes depending on the region, and the second wave will be over 20m 30 minutes later, the maximum height is At 34.4m, more than 320,000 people are expected to die. However, we must collect public knowledge and aim for zero victims as much as possible. Assuming the severity of the tsunami and the collision with drifting objects, the state of life when going out is the most dangerous and unabundant. Next, the state of the wooden house, which becomes dust at the edge of the wood, is also destroyed and weak by the tsunami. Still, in order to be able to evacuate safely and quickly, it is first necessary for each person to escape quickly. That is, there is a demand for a small evacuation body for personal use, next for a parent and child to hold a small child, and for a small family. A large-sized, sealed sphere that floats on the water using buoyancy has been proposed for large families. However, it cannot be said that it is suitable for the tsunami attack area due to the problem of housing space and ease of handling. Large spheres are also expected to collide under the crossing bridges of rivers with increased water. If the sealed structure is torn by a collision or stab wound, the air escapes and there is no room for survival. The large sealed structure has a large three-dimensional surface area and has a high probability of collision or damage. It becomes. In any case, if there is no buoyancy, it is certain that it will not float on the water. Furthermore, if the portable type for going out is folded in a lightweight and compact manner, the outer shell of the sphere must be thin. The trapped moving bodies such as trains and buses that were overturned by the previous tsunami in East Japan need to escape outside and be attached anyway. Since it is not necessary to carry and move in a wooden house, the outer shell of the refuge body can be made thick with a stationary type. As a result of searching with the keyword of tsunami shelter on the patent information platform, there are 26 cases, including foldable tsunami shelter (Patent Document 1), as a result of searching with keywords of tsunami and floating bag, there are 11 cases, including lifesaving equipment (Patent Document) 2) As a result of searching with keywords of tsunami and floating wheel, there are 7 cases, of which (Non-patent Document 1) is cited as a portable lifeboat. As a result of searching with keywords of tsunami and air bag, there was one case and there was no corresponding. (Patent Document 1) In a foldable tsunami shelter, a sphere is formed by a skeleton member and an outer membrane in (0008) and (0010), and can be folded and stored. It is a large residential unit, and people cannot always carry it for portable use. (Patent Document 2) In the lifesaving device, an air bag that wraps the entire body in accordance with the body shape is depicted in FIG. 4, but it is unlikely that it can withstand the collision of drifting objects. Figure 1 shows a person standing in an air bag inflated into a sphere with a diameter of about 2 meters. However, because there is too much air, the intensity and speed of a bullet will rise until it floats on the water. Yes, even jumping in the air at the same time as ascending is associated with it, and it is unlikely that it will be able to withstand the collision of drifting objects on the way. Assuming a person with a weight of 100 kg, the portion that sinks below the surface is as small as 18 cm, and the remaining 182 cm protrudes above the surface of the water. It will make a big turn or run on the surface of the water, and it will be accelerated and a direct collision with an obstacle can be easily assumed. Naturally, when a hole is opened, the air escapes and sinks. (Non-Patent Document 1) In a portable lifeboat, a boat and a tent are combined and floated on the sea in a gas-filled chamber. It can be said that there is a lot of danger of opening a hole in the air bag whether it can withstand the collision.

JP2015-110351 JP2014-124955A

Utility model registration No. 3202381 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology “School Health Statistics Survey-Summary of Results (2015)”

In the upcoming Japan Sea giant tsunami and Nankai Trough giant tsunami, it is assumed that a tsunami with a height of 10m or more will hit in the shortest 5 minutes depending on the region, and the second wave will be over 20m 30 minutes later, the maximum height is At 34.4m, more than 320,000 people are killed and more than 630,000 are expected to be injured. The tsunami raid area is said to be an evacuation difficult area, and the evacuation area is far away. However, it is difficult to quickly develop 10m and 20m tide and river dikes. That is, there is a problem that it is an urgent need to search for an effective measure that directly affects the life of an individual. It is unclear where the person is at the time of the future tsunami attack, but the most dangerous state at the time of the attack is when going out live. The unprotected state when going to school or commuting is dangerous, and the proportion of time in the morning and evening of the 24 hours a day is not small. The probability is so high that it cannot be ignored. In addition, there is a danger that the group will not be able to move on commuting, school trains, and buses on the means of transportation. During walks, shopping, business activities, and tourists are also at risk. The next most dangerous thing is in the wooden house, which becomes dust at the edge of the tree. Residents spend their time at home, and housewives have a longer stay at home, making them more likely to encounter danger. If you are an infant or a family caregiver at home, you must hold and evacuate together. In any case, in the tsunami attack area, the weak need to protect their own lives, either wear an evacuation body, get it as equipment in a moving body, install it after escaping, or a familiar house Is it installed inside or outside the building? There is a need to solve the problem of being able to evacuate safely and quickly within 5 minutes in many time zones of a 24-hour life pattern. To put it the other way around, people can't be helped if they don't cope with every day of the day. Due to the severity of the tsunami and the impact with drifting objects, the evacuation body must be resistant to destruction and scattering. And, for self-protection while going out, you have to put it in a school bag, a commuter bag, a disaster backpack or a bag, hang it and carry it all the time. It can be said that compactness and lightness are necessary to carry it every day. Public transportation such as trains and buses, or public halls, hospitals, schools, workplaces, etc. should be equipped as regular storage equipment, and also as regular equipment in the trunk of mobile bodies such as automobiles, and at that time for equipment In addition, shelves, seats, spaces near doors, and private cars are required to be compact enough to fit in the trunk. Both of them are small for a small number of persons for individuals and parents and can be folded to solve the problem of bulkiness. For residents of wooden houses that become dust at the end of the wood, the living place is fixed, so there is no need to move, so it may be slightly heavy, strong wall thickness, stationary type and small size for small family It can solve the problem of lack of indoor space due to installation without disturbing daily life. The size of the evacuation body is different depending on the required amount of air, that is, whether it is a sealed structure that does not leak air or an unsealed structure system that leaks air. Even with a tsunami of up to 34.4m, it is thought that air carriers in the water will levitate on the surface of the water in a few seconds like ping-pong balls and fishing floats. If the opening is closed immediately before the tsunami strike, the necessary capacity for breathing, that is, the space capacity as a sphere, is not necessary. The remaining gaps that are filled with people are sufficient. The smaller the diameter, the better the balance between weight and buoyancy when ascending. For example, if the size is about 70 cm, about half is below the surface of the water and about half is on the surface of the water. The flow velocity is extremely fast near the surface of the water, and if there is little below the surface of the water, it is dangerous because it is the same as sliding on ice. It will be a reversal of heaven and earth. There is also a high risk of colliding with a bridge girder that has less space under the beam due to increased water. The more below the surface, the same speed as the drifting object, and the chances of repeated collisions are reduced. In other words, if the capacity is excessively large relative to the number of people and weight, the danger after rising is full. The problem of avoiding danger can be solved by making the capacity and diameter of the floating body as small as possible and making it well-balanced and compact. In any case, something that is partly exposed and worn like a life jacket is hard to withstand the violent collision of drifting objects. The starting point for encountering a tsunami is not on the sea but on land. Even floating bodies such as boats, where there is no water, most of the wearing points rise from the ground, so they are covered with water and turned over by turning up and down. As a countermeasure against tsunami, a spherical evacuation floating body is conceivable. First, resistance to destruction and scattering by drifting objects is required. A form that wraps the whole body and floats on the water is a necessary condition. It must be able to ascend on the surface with the buoyancy underwater from the landing state. After ascending, you must maintain buoyancy while drifting. If buoyancy and weight are equal, they will not sink or float, and will remain floating in the water. Air is lighter than the specific gravity of water and has the property of rising in water. When the air volume that rises is confined in the shell, buoyancy is generated by eliminating the volume of water in the water. If the buoyancy that exceeds the total weight of the evacuation personnel and the floating body, that is, the buoyancy of the entire volume enclosed by the outer shell, can be ascended from the water, and after ascending, the water volume that is removed at that time with the lid of the opening opened Buoyancy, that is, the buoyancy of the volume below the surface of the outer shell of the floating body, can be drifted, which solves the problem of floating. A representative solid shape having a large air volume is a sphere. If the outer shell that forms the three-dimensional shape is made into a skin shape and the shape can be maintained, the entire three-dimensional volume becomes a buoyant force that eliminates water in water and rises vigorously like a ping-pong ball. After rising, the position where the weight and buoyancy are equal is the water surface position. If the height of the water surface is half the solid volume as a guide, it will be stable when drifting with the lid open. In other words, if the size of a solid that has buoyancy twice as much as the total weight is used as a guide, the problem of determining the relationship between the appropriate size and capacity can be solved. During the drift, the danger is full with various collisions. If a three-dimensional floating body containing air breaks, the air escapes and sinks, so double or triple measures are taken by installing an air bag inside or making the outer shell itself a hollow structure that floats on water. This can solve the problem of safety. If the lid of the opening is attached with a hook-and-loop fastener, buttons, etc., air bubbles will escape to some extent, so that there is no special pressure difference on the outer shell of the evacuation floating body and a sealed structure other than impact resistance Does not require pressure resistance and bending strength like the body. After ascending, he gets out of his head and drifts unexpectedly while swallowed by a drifting object like a one-dimensional teacher on a teacup or through the gap.

The three-dimensional shape of the floating body can solve the relationship between buoyancy, capacity in the inside, and margin if the air volume can be secured efficiently. Examples include a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape like a drum, a barrel shape, a box shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a polyhedral shape. For portable and equipment, there are a variety of needs such as ease of folding, shape when folded, overlap, maximum direction dimensions, ease of storage and carrying, comfort of people, sitting comfort, and collision resistance. . Since the stationary mold can be a molded product, the three-dimensional shape is free. During normal times, it is useful for storing emergency goods and clothing. When evacuating, clothes are thrown out instantly. In order to prevent it from falling due to an earthquake in front of the tsunami, a cushion pedestal and restraining straps are required outside the floating body.

The material of the outer shell of the floating body is resistant to the impact of drifting objects, and if it is waterproof in water, the problem of resistance can be solved. It must be resistant to damage and waterproof so that it will not be damaged by collisions with drifting objects, etc., and acts as a so-called armor or armor that protects and protects the people inside. In addition, the thickness is determined as light as possible from the use for portable and equipment. It is also determined by the ease of folding and the thickness of the folds. For young elementary school children, parents can rest assured that they can float with the hollow shell itself. When the storage space has room and may be bulky, it is determined by the method of making the outer shell hollow and the moldability of providing a partition wall therein. The material is selected from strength, flexibility, etc. made of reinforced resin, resin, fiber, or elastic rubber. It is necessary that the member having a curved surface can be processed into a thin plate shape. Finish the plate, sheet, cloth, multi-layer composite, or shape memory, or combinations thereof. As an example, a carbon fiber sheet, a reinforced resin made into a sheet containing a reinforcing mesh, or an elastic elastic material can be considered, and processing including a crease is easy. Furthermore, if wrinkles and pleats are provided on these sheets or a shape memory material is used, the sheet can be extended from a folded flat sheet shape to a curved surface as a three-dimensionally formed body into which a person enters. Since it becomes bulky and difficult to fold as it is folded into a small size, it is conceivable to make the crease part into a groove, or to compose it as a deformation-following material or a flexible material. On the other hand, a hard aggregate at the fold helps to maintain the shape. A three-dimensionally shaped body having a curved surface, which is a thin sheet when folded thin, and a molded product when it is stationary and thick.

それでも呼吸のための酸素の空気体積は人の体積を差し引いた残りの隙間の大きさで十分である。すなわち、水中で空気を含む浮力の優る球体は、水中からピンポン玉のように数秒で水面に跳ね上がり、浮上する。したがって、安全のためには無駄となる空気体積は必要としない、最少でよい、身を屈めた残りの空間の空気があれば呼吸に十分である。首をすくめるのも一時の短い時間、命が助かるのだからこれくらいは我慢する。浮上後すぐに開口部を開ければ新鮮な空気が入る。水面に浮上したときに開口部がすぐ開くよう、開口部は球体の上部に位置すること、その確認ができることが肝要で、着座は下に来る。さらに、浮上後の水面上でのバランスも大切である。浮力を必要とするため空気体積を有する立体となるが、中の総重量より無駄に大きいと表面積が増え衝突、ひっかきの確率は高くなる。かつ、体重に比べて空気体積が大きいと水面以下の部分が少なく、水面上に大きく露出するため重心が高く下を支点として上が揺れやすく不安定で、氷の上を滑走、疾走するのと同じで危険。天地逆転、すってんころりとなる。河川の増水で桁下空間の少ない橋桁に衝突する危険性も高い。逆に、総体重に対して球体があまりに小さすぎると、水面下より下に大きく沈むことになり不安になるし、開口部から首を出した時に高波やしぶきを浴びる。立体の中の人の体重と立体空間体積のバランス、すなわち、沈む力と浮き上がる浮力の大きさのバランスが大切である。一方で、水中からいち早く浮上するためには、浮力と内の総体重との差が大きいことが必要で、立体体積による浮力と体重とが等しい場合は浮上できず水中を漂うことになる。ここでは、水面以下と水面上の体積を等しくする、いいかえれば、空気体積による浮力が体重の２倍を目安とする。不安定の解消のほか、いち早い浮上も期待できる。適切な大きさを見つける尺度は、水上に浮上したときの水面位置が浮遊体の半分が水面下、半分が水面上となる総重量と立体の大きさの関係を目安とすれば浮遊体は安定しているといえ不安定となる課題を解決できる。以下の表２に、浮遊体を球体とした場合の直径の大きさと、空気体積、避難できる人数分の総体重の関係を示す。避難できる人数分の総体重は一見大きそうだが、水上に浮上したときには開口部の蓋を開けるので、半分が水中、半分が水面上の状態がバランスがよく、水面で水を排除した体積、すなわち蓋を閉じた水中の全浮力の半分が体重分と釣り合っているといえる。避難できる総体重、総重量は、水中の全浮力の半分、すなわち全空気体積の半分となる。

球体の直径が０．８ｍとすると内空体積は０．２６７９ｍ３で、水中の全浮力が２６７．９ｋｇなので、外殻の重さを無視すればおよそ大人３〜４人分の体重とバランスしているがその時は全体が水中であり、浮力に余裕がなく水中でさまようことになる。半分が水面以下の水中で半分が水面上とすると半分の１３４ｋｇで、１．５人〜２人分すなわち、大人１人＋子供１〜２人分といえる。座高標準では、７０ｃｍ〜９５ｃｍ程度であるので多少窮屈だが身を屈んで、園児は、ひざと胸との空間に横向きで抱えるとよい。数秒で浮上するので、開口部から頭、首、肩まで出すことができ、水中の数秒間の我慢だ。絶対的大きさは、屈める限界の座高から決まるといえる。幼稚園児は別々で漂流すると危険なので大人同伴の同じ球体に入る。通勤時や通学時は、一人単独とし、携帯すると仮定する。直径が０．７ｍとすると内空体積は０．１７９５ｍ３で、全浮力が１７９．５ｋｇなので、およそ２〜３人分を浮かせることができるが、半分を水上、半分を水中とすると８９．８ｋｇで大人１人分といえる。座高標準では、７０ｃｍ〜９５ｃｍ程度であるので多少窮屈だが我慢だ。子供用で直径が０．６ｍとすると内空体積は０．１１３０ｍ３で、全浮力が１１３．０ｋｇなので、外殻の重さを無視すればおよそ１〜２人分を浮かせることができ、半分を水上、半分を水中とすると５６．５ｋｇで中学生１人分といえる。座高標準では、７０ｃｍ〜９０ｃｍ程度であるので多少窮屈だが身を屈んで我慢だ。直径が０．５ｍとすると内空体積は０．０６５４ｍ３で、全浮力が６５．４ｋｇなので、およそ子供１〜２人分を浮かせることができるが、半分を水上、半分を水中とすると３２．７ｋｇで低学年１人分といえる。座高標準では、６０ｃｍ〜８０ｃｍ程度であるので多少窮屈だが若いので身を屈んで、我慢だ。毎日の携帯には小さい方が便利だ。通学用のランドセルに常時携帯する低学年は、１人の行動を前提とするので自分単独で避難しなければならない。子供１人用では取扱い、呼吸法など十分な訓練を要する。水中では回転があるので大きさに余裕があるほど逆に内部の取っ手が必須となる。１人分では直径５０ｃｍ〜８０ｃｍが津波避難用浮遊体の計算上の概ねの大きさといえる。体の大きい人にはこれに準じた考え方で大きくしたらよい。当然、人が中に入る大きさが必要であり、備品用、携帯用では収納、持ち運び、移動ができる大きさ、軽さということも重要な要因となる。そのままの大きさ、例えば８０ｃｍのままでは持ち運びに不便であるが、これには、折りたたみ、縮小することで収め方、携帯性の問題を解決できる。折りたたんだ浮遊体の中に入り、かがんだ状態から外殻の一部、または取っ手を持って背伸びすれば立体形状に拡張、復元され、浮上に必要な概ねの空気体積が確保できる。携帯用はおおむね１人用であるので、大きさは個人の体格に応じて選定するものの、年々の成長期にはバトンタッチしていくことも考えなくてはならない。備品用はある程度の余裕を持った品ぞろえとなる。据え置き用では、家族構成から、介護家族、幼児のいる家族、バラバラになりたくない家族とかがあり、特別に肥満の人は大きさも特注となることもある。最終的に２個に分散する場合でも、判断能力のある人がそれぞれに１人ずつ入る必要がある。結果、特別にサイズの大きい人、子供連れ、どうしても家族一緒という場合、および内部の空気袋の膨らみによる空間余裕を考慮して、かつ、据え置き用の球体の重さ６０ｋｇとしても、球体としての体積換算した直径が概ね５０ｃｍ〜１００ｃｍの大きさ、特別に１１０ｃｍまでとすれば過剰に大きくなることによる不安定さの問題を解決できる。ここで、球体の半分、１／２の高さを目安とした水面位置は、正確には総重量との関係であり、中の人の総体重と外殻の重さ、中に持ち込む荷物の重さからも変化する。直径１００ｃｍで総重量が２６２ｋｇの計算で半分が水面以下となるが、外殻の重さを６０ｋｇとすると、２６２−６０＝２０２ｋｇが人の体重となる。誤差の範囲として、２０２／２６２＝０．７７から（２６２＋６０）／２６２＝１．２３が許容範囲と考えられる。すなわち、２６２ｋｇが半分の目安とした水面位置の設計は、半分の１／２の位置を中心として上下に２５％の範囲、半径の１／４の高さ範囲といえる。直径高さとして表現すれば、水面位置は直径高さの３／８〜５／８の範囲に来るように適切な大きさを設定することが望ましい。 The size of the floating body is as small as possible, and if it is small, the problem of avoiding danger can be solved. Roughly determined by the relationship between buoyancy and medium capacity, total weight, occupancy by the physique represented by sitting height, and oxygen air volume for breathing. In addition, the balance of floating bodies on the surface of the water after rising is also important. From the viewpoint of portability and mobility, it is desired to be small, lightweight, and small enough to be carried in from the entrance due to housing circumstances. Naturally, the necessary number of people must be able to evacuate safely and quickly in the tsunami that strikes. Before the tsunami arrives and before it becomes underwater, it is necessary to evacuate into the floating body, so it is necessary for each person to jump in quickly so that the number of people should be reduced as much as possible. Finding the appropriate size of the three-dimensional object is a challenge, mainly for personal use, and then for small groups with small children and weak caregivers. The size can be reduced by focusing on personal use, parent-child use, and small groups. The diameter when the volume of the solid is converted into a sphere can be determined from the sitting height of the person who is seated. A person's weight and sitting height vary widely, but some assumptions and groupings are possible depending on age. Although the one for personal use is for personal use, the physiques of elementary school students, junior high school students, and high school students are very different, so it is necessary to use them properly. Commuters are for one adult, and trains, kindergarten and preschool children must be accompanied by an accompanying adult. According to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology “School Health Statistics Survey-Summary of Results (2015)”, the average sitting height for boys from 1st grade to 3rd grade is 64.8cm-92.1cm as shown in Table 1. It is assumed that the outside adult has a weight of 70 kg, a sitting height of 95 cm, and a height of 171.0 cm. Considering girls and children with a physique smaller than these, it can be said that the size in terms of the volume conversion diameter as a sphere is 50 cm to 100 cm and 110 cm due to the habitability inside. If it is smaller than this, it is considered impossible for a child who is immature in judgment. If it is larger than this, it will be unavoidable to have a special physique or a special tailoring for a large family. It is desirable to be patient with cramps and be as small as you can bend. The smaller the surface area is, the lower the probability of being hit by a drifting object. If the sphere is made as small as possible, the volume of air to breathe naturally decreases.

Still, the air volume of oxygen for breathing is sufficient with the size of the remaining gap minus the human volume. That is, a sphere with excellent buoyancy including air in water jumps from the water to the water surface in a few seconds like a ping-pong ball and rises. Therefore, there is no need for wasted air volume for safety, and it is sufficient to breathe if there is a minimum amount of air in the remaining crouched space. I can't wait to shrug my neck for a short time, because my life is saved. If you open the opening immediately after rising, fresh air will enter. It is important that the opening is located at the top of the sphere so that it can be opened as soon as it rises to the surface of the water. In addition, balance on the water after ascent is important. Because it requires buoyancy, it becomes a solid with an air volume, but if it is unnecessarily larger than the total weight inside, the surface area increases and the probability of collision and scratching increases. And when the volume of air is large compared to body weight, there are few parts below the surface of the water, and because it is exposed largely on the surface of the water, the center of gravity is high and the top is easy to shake with the bottom as a fulcrum, and it slides and runs on ice. Same and dangerous. It will be a reversal of heaven and earth. There is a high risk of colliding with a bridge girder with little under-girder space due to increased river water. On the other hand, if the sphere is too small relative to the total body weight, it will sink greatly below the surface of the water, making you uneasy, and you will be exposed to high waves and splash when you pull your neck out of the opening. The balance between the weight of the person in the solid and the volume of the three-dimensional space, that is, the balance between the sinking force and the floating buoyancy is important. On the other hand, in order to ascend quickly from the water, it is necessary that the difference between the buoyancy and the total body weight is large. If the buoyancy and the weight due to the three-dimensional volume are equal, the buoyancy cannot float and float in the water. Here, the volume below the surface of the water and the volume on the surface of the water are made equal, in other words, the buoyancy due to the air volume is twice as much as the weight. In addition to resolving instability, we can expect rapid ascent. The scale for finding the appropriate size is that the floating body is stable if the surface position when floating on the surface is based on the relationship between the total weight and the size of the solid, half of the floating body is below the water surface and half is above the water surface. It can solve the problem of being unstable even if it is doing. Table 2 below shows the relationship between the size of the diameter when the floating body is a sphere, the air volume, and the total body weight for the number of people who can evacuate. The total weight of people who can evacuate seems to be large at first glance, but when it floats on the water, the lid of the opening is opened, so the half is underwater, the half is on the surface of the water is well balanced, and the volume that excludes water on the water surface, that is, It can be said that half of the total buoyancy in the water with the lid closed is balanced with the weight. The total body weight and total weight that can be evacuated is half of the total buoyancy in water, that is, half of the total air volume.

If the diameter of the sphere is 0.8 m, the inner volume is 0.2679 m3 and the total buoyancy in water is 267.9 kg, so if you ignore the weight of the outer shell, it will balance with the weight of about 3-4 adults. However, at that time, the whole is underwater, and there is no room for buoyancy and wandering in the water. If half of the water is below the surface of the water and half is on the surface of the water, it is half of 134 kg, which is 1.5 to 2 people, that is, 1 adult + 1 to 2 children. In the sitting height standard, it is about 70 cm to 95 cm, so it is somewhat cramped but bends, and the kindergarten should be held sideways in the space between the knee and the chest. Because it floats in a few seconds, it can be put out from the opening to the head, neck and shoulders, and it can endure underwater for a few seconds. The absolute size can be said to be determined by the limit sitting height. Kindergarten children enter the same sphere accompanied by an adult because it is dangerous to drift separately. When commuting or going to school, it is assumed that one person is alone and carries it. If the diameter is 0.7 m, the inner air volume is 0.1795 m3 and the total buoyancy is 179.5 kg, so it can float about 2-3 people, but if half is on the water and half is underwater, it is 89.8 kg. It can be said that it is for one adult. In the sitting height standard, it is about 70cm to 95cm, so it is somewhat cramped but patient. If the diameter is 0.6m for children, the inner volume is 0.1130m3 and the total buoyancy is 113.0kg, so if you ignore the weight of the outer shell, you can float about 1-2 people, half If the water and half are underwater, it is 56.5kg and can be said to be one junior high school student. In the sitting height standard, it is about 70 cm to 90 cm, so it is somewhat cramped, but I can be patient. If the diameter is 0.5m, the inner volume is 0.0654m3 and the total buoyancy is 65.4kg, so it can float about 1 or 2 children, but if half is on the water and half is underwater, 32.7kg. It can be said that it is for one lower grade. In the sitting height standard, it is about 60cm to 80cm, so it's a little cramped but it's young, so bend and be patient. Smaller is more convenient for everyday carrying. The lower grades that are always carried in schoolbags are premised on one person's behavior and must evacuate on their own. For one child, sufficient training such as handling and breathing is required. Since there is a rotation in the water, the inner handle becomes indispensable as the size has a margin. For one person, a diameter of 50 cm to 80 cm can be said to be an approximate size for calculation of a tsunami evacuation floating body. If you have a large body, you should increase the size based on this concept. Naturally, it is necessary to have a size that allows a person to enter, and the size and lightness that can be stored, carried, and moved are also important factors for equipment and portable use. Although it is inconvenient to carry if the size is as it is, for example, 80 cm, this can be solved by folding and reducing the problem of how to fit and portability. If you enter the folded floating body and extend from the crouched state with a part of the outer shell or the handle, you can expand and restore the three-dimensional shape, and you can secure the approximate air volume required for ascent. Since portables are generally for one person, the size should be selected according to the physique of the individual, but it is also necessary to consider baton-touching during the year of growth. For equipment, we have a certain range of items. In the case of deferred use, there are family members, care families, families with infants, and families that do not want to fall apart, and specially obese people may be custom-made in size. Even in the event that the two are eventually distributed, it is necessary to have one person with the ability to make judgment. As a result, the volume as a sphere is considered even when the size of the sphere for standing is 60 kg in consideration of the extra space, due to the bulging of the internal air bag, in the case of a particularly large person, accompanied by children, and the family together. If the converted diameter is approximately 50 cm to 100 cm, particularly up to 110 cm, the problem of instability due to excessive increase can be solved. Here, the water surface position with the height of half or half of the sphere as a guide is precisely the relationship with the total weight, the total weight of the person inside, the weight of the outer shell, the load of the luggage to be brought in It also changes from the weight. When the diameter is 100 cm and the total weight is 262 kg, half is below the water surface, but if the weight of the outer shell is 60 kg, 262-60 = 202 kg is the human weight. As an error range, 202/262 = 0.77 to (262 + 60) /262=1.23 is considered an allowable range. That is, the design of the water surface position where 262 kg is a half standard, it can be said that the range is 25% up and down and the height range is 1/4 of the radius around the half of the position. When expressed as a diameter height, it is desirable to set an appropriate size so that the water surface position is in a range of 3/8 to 5/8 of the diameter height.

By providing the position of the opening in the upper part of the floating body, the problem of air intake immediately after rising can be solved. The size of the opening is a circular lid with a circumference of 94.2 cm for children and a diameter of 94.2 cm for children, and a circumference of 188.4 cm for adults with a diameter of 188.4 cm. Even large people can easily go in and out. The position of the opening is the upper part of the floating body, and fresh air is introduced by opening the lid immediately after the ascent. Even if it is not fully opened, you can open it a little. In order to open immediately, it is necessary to secure a positional relationship in which the opening is on the top when ascending. You can rely on a handle, catch bar, strap, or seatbelt that can confirm the vertical position. Of course, it is also a gripping force when it is swung violently in the water. Although water pressure is applied around the opening as a defective part, there is no limit to the design with a sealed structure, which makes it impossible. In this case, it is handled as a non-hermetic structure that allows inundation. Depending on the folding method, the joint portion of the opening is opened and closed with a fastener, or a lid is provided separately and attached at the time of evacuation with a hook-and-loop fastener, a hook, a button and the like. Separately, there is an advantage that the area of the lid is reduced and it does not overlap when folded. In the case of thick wall, structural ingenuity can be made. There are two-stage structure, taper type with different radii inside and outside, screw type, and fitting type. When it comes together with packing and rubber layers, it will be waterproof to some extent. In either case, it is necessary to tie the lid on the inside of the main body so that the lid is not lost or washed away. If the string that connects the main body and the back of the lid is used as a handle, the gripping force acts in the direction of the inside of the floating body in the same direction as the water pressure, the lid is difficult to come off while floating, and the lid is located above when ascending It becomes confirmation of. The lid is closed after evacuation in the floating body, but it is necessary to open the lid until just before, especially when there is an operation to inflate the air bag. Alternatively, the arrival of the tsunami may be delayed, so it is necessary to open it frequently and replace the air. An underwater air carrier floats on the surface in a few seconds, like a ping-pong ball or fishing float, or is carried on the top like a surf on a wave. It will submerge from the seams of fasteners, etc., but it will take a few seconds to ascend. During the ascent, air escapes from the gap between the fasteners as a water bubble, but since it is gradually, it can be said that the slight time until ascent is safe. If a hook-and-loop fastener is used, there will be fewer large air masses and bubbles missing. If the lid of the opening is made of a transparent material or a semi-transparent material, it will be daylighted, and the external state after rising will be seen from the inside, and the timing for fully opening the lid can be measured. After ascending, if you open the opening, you can breathe in as much fresh air as you want. For those who don't like getting wet, the fasteners should be covered with adhesive tape. However, caution is required because if you do not remove it immediately after ascending, it will lack oxygen. If the adhesive tape is stretched, it becomes a so-called sealed structure, and a large water pressure is applied to the whole and the volume is reduced.As a result, the pressure cannot be fully resisted by the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. This makes it possible to balance the release pressure. This pressure is applied to the tsunami height, but it rises to the surface in a few seconds and is reduced to zero. The floating body can withstand the pressure fluctuation for several seconds. Also, when run up to the top of the tsunami, the speed is high but no great pressure is applied. A second wave is expected for the tsunami. At that time, it is necessary to close the opening again and evacuate inside.

Furthermore, the outer shell of the floating body is a light wood board floating in water with a specific gravity of 1.0 or less, a foamed polystyrene board with many bubbles, a porous plastic board, a hollow plastic board, or a plastic board having a hollow partition wall. When configured with a plurality of sheets, the double safety problem can be solved. Even when the floating body is submerged by a stab wound, if the outer shell is made of a material that floats on the water, the floating body itself and the enclosure itself will float without sinking. In addition, if an air bag is provided along the inside, it becomes a floating bag for one person and can float in an enclosure. In addition, fortunately, it has been submerged, and the repulsive force and elasticity of the water volume filled inside the floating body acts effectively, and plays the role of a cushion of impact. When the outer shell is folded, a three-dimensional shape is limited and bulky if it is formed of a quadrangular plate, so that the three-dimensional shape is a cube like a dice or a rectangular parallelepiped composed of surfaces having no curved surface. In this case, since the folded diagonal line becomes long as √2 minutes on the bottom surface, it is necessary to weave it inward for a long time with a soft material that wrinkles. Although the upper surface also has a longer diagonal portion, it is necessary to make good use of the opening. If the top surface is removable, the body can be easily folded. A hollow plate with a lighter specific gravity that floats on water works effectively. In the case of a hollow plate, the volume of air inside helps the buoyancy, and the safety against sinking is further enhanced by making the hollow plate itself a human float. If the air volume more than body weight and the buoyancy are ensured by only the hollow plate, the air can be lifted only by the hollow plate. When the outer shell is a hollow plate or a thick hollow outer shell, if a partition is provided in the outer shell, even if it is damaged, it is possible to suppress air loss only in the partitioned compartment. This becomes a risk distribution and can further increase safety. Even if the outer shell is partially pierced by a sharp stab, or even if it is partially cracked by impact, if the cross-section is not lost, the entire enclosure will maintain the impact mitigation function and protect it from impact. Hey. It becomes a cushion and shock absorber with strong water volume. For example, if it is a cube of 70 cm * 70 cm * 70 cm, the volume of the three-dimensional air is 0.343 m 3, and when converted to a sphere, the diameter is equivalent to 87 cm. If the solid is not flooded, evacuation with a total weight of 171 kg can be made. Next, assuming that the water is partially damaged and flooded, a simple calculation is performed ignoring the material thickness and material weight. A hollow outer shell acts as a float. If the four sides are hollow plates with a thickness of 5 cm, the air volume of the outer shell is 4 * 0.7 * 0.7 * 0.05 = 0.098 m3. If 80% remains effective without being damaged, you can lift the weight of about 78kg and feel safe. If it is 7 cm thick, it is 0.137 m3, and if 80% is effective, it can handle a weight of 109 kg.

The method for folding the sphere requires some ingenuity. If the outer shell is a hard material, use a groove or an elastic material at the crease to make it easy to fold, or fold or wrinkle the hard material to make the curved surface flat and easy to fold. On the other hand, in the case of the bellows type or lantern type folding method, a hard aggregate at the fold helps to maintain the shape. It is also effective to use a flexible material having two layers such as a melon skin, a shape memory material that can restore a flat surface to a curved surface, and a laminate thereof. Consider the size of the school bag, commuting bag, and disaster bag to be stored. A4 size is possible, and it will be folded to aim at about 30cm * 20cm. If the floating body is a sphere, a curved surface will inevitably remain. However, paper balloons at 100-yen shops, old-fashioned shops, and general stores sell spheres in a flat shape. That is, it is a method of providing a fold or wrinkle that expands and contracts in the middle of the curved surface portion of the paper balloon, and then bringing the curved surface into a flat shape, bending it, and folding it closer to the flat surface. It's similar to ironing and folding a crumpled shirt. Also in this case, since the length of the diameter of the sphere circle remains, it is necessary to fold it further to 1/2 or 1/3 for storage. Another way to fold is to put a cushion material such as cotton to avoid mutual contact, breakage, or injury between the folded curved surfaces, and wrap the whole in a protective storage material. In the lantern-type or bellows-type folding method of a sphere, barrel, or cylindrical floating body, the floating body can be thinly compressed into a jersey but the diameter remains as it is. Therefore, it can be said that it is suitable for equipment for moving bodies such as trains that have sufficient storage capacity. Giving an aggregate, ring material, or function to the circumferential fold facilitates folding and helps to maintain a firm shape. In order to make it small for portable use, it must be further folded into a semicircle and a quarter circle, so this folding method is suitable for equipment. In a floating body that is a rectangular parallelepiped, it is folded into a plate shape. In a folding method in which a floating body having a thickness of 60 cm * 60 cm * 40 cm, a thickness of the outer shell plate of 0.2 cm, and a fold portion connected by a thin waterproof material is a 30 cm * 20 cm plate piece, folding by folding is easy. In other words, in the example in which the four sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are folded with four plates, the folding is 16 times, and the thickness is 3.2 times, which is 16 times. At this level of thickness, it can be said that it is excellent in portability by entering a school bag or commuting bag. If the thickness is 1 cm with a cellular plate, the folded thickness is 16 cm. In other words, it is finished in a block shape of 30 cm * 20 cm * 16 cm, for example, it feels like a concrete block in a house enclosure, and even this level is lightweight and compact, so there is no problem in portability even if it is carried in a disaster prevention bag. On the contrary, it is easy to stack in the storage space as equipment of the moving body. In any case, if the bottom surface is made of a waterproof surface material like a furoshiki, it can be folded into wrinkles. The upper surface is closed with a hook-and-loop fastener, hooks, buttons, etc., with the center of a waterproof surface material spread like a furoshiki being hollowed out, or the entire upper surface as a lid of the opening. Furthermore, for young elementary school students, a floating body that floats in the hollow shell itself is safe even if it is submerged. Therefore, if the cube is 40 cm long × 40 cm wide × 40 cm high, a hollow outer shell is formed on the four sides, and the thickness is 5 cm, the air volume of the hollow outer shell is four surfaces * 0.4 *. 0.4 * 0.05 = 0.032 m3, and is effective by the fourth grade of the average elementary school with a body weight of about 30 kg. In the folding method using 40 cm * 40 cm plate pieces, the cubes are similarly folded on four sides of the cube, and the thickness of the floating body is four times 20 cm. Because it is light, you can put it in a special bag with a strap and carry it on your shoulder, so you can rest assured. For space-saving fixtures, the cubes can be crushed into diamonds to make two pieces together. If it is a foamed board with a cube of 60 cm * 60 cm * 60 cm and a thickness of 1 cm, when folded together, it becomes 120 cm wide and 2 cm thick and can accommodate adults. If it is possible to float with only the outer shell, if the hollow outer wall and the thickness of the hollow are 6 cm, the air volume of the hollow outer shell is 4 * 0.6 * 0.6 * 0.06 = 0.086 m3, A buoyancy equivalent to a weight of about 80 kg can be expected. When folded together, the width will be 120cm and the thickness will be 12cm, and it will be sufficient if you devise it by stacking floating bodies up and down, or by storing them on the deck side behind the seat, under the seat, also in the net shelf I can say that.

Various types of collisions are expected during drifting, and safety measures are necessary for impact, flooding, ascent, and drifting. In the case of a thin-walled material, a cushion is particularly required inside. If the outer shell of the floating body breaks, it will be submerged, so even if it is not hurt, double and triple safety measures are necessary when it is damaged and submerged, making the outer shell hollow, If you can float inside a flooded enclosure by combining a floating ring and combining them, you can solve the anxiety caused by flooding. Furthermore, a waterproof thin film or a plastic bag is laid along the outer shell, so that it does not need to be temporarily wet. Helps prevent air escape in the water. In addition, you can rest assured if you have a floating ring for swimming in. If a large furoshiki-shaped air bag or a horizontal floating ring is arranged along the outer shell that forms a three-dimensional shape, a solid three-dimensional shape can be ensured by inflation with air blowing. When the ring is inflated, an expansion force is exerted outwardly, pressure is transmitted to the outer shell of the air bag and the floating ring, and the three-dimensional shape of the outer shell is effectively maintained. If the float rings are connected to each other with a waterproof face material, the interior space will not be submerged. Moreover, since the floating body for tsunami evacuation may be partially pierced and damaged by a sharp object, an air bag is required to float even if there is water at that time. In other words, safety measures are considered on the premise of inundation. However, if the damage reaches the air bag or the connecting face material, it will be submerged. Therefore, if the air bag is divided into a plurality of air bags and partitions, even if some of the air bags are torn, the remaining air bags become buoyancy with a buoyancy exceeding the weight and double and triple safety functions. Demonstrate. Naturally, even if the outer shell is cracked and partially broken, it still plays an important role as an impact prevention and protective enclosure. Air bags and floats along the sphere can also serve as cushions when drifting objects collide with the outer shell. Moreover, the water volume inside the enclosure unexpectedly becomes a cushion with repulsion due to water immersion. As the air bag, a plurality of independent air bags, an air bag provided with a partition wall, or an air bag provided with a backflow prevention valve on the partition wall can be considered for risk dispersion. If possible, it is desirable that each one has an air capacity enough to lift the weight, for example, an air capacity of a floating ring for sea bathing. If the inner diameter of the floating ring is made larger than the diameter of the opening, and if the floating rings are connected to each other with a waterproof surface material, the floating ring does not deviate from the opening. If the air bag is an air bag that crosses in a lattice shape in the vertical and horizontal directions or at an angle of 45 degrees, it can be said that the shape retention of the floating body is better, but a horizontal floating ring is better for securing buoyancy in water. It can be said. If the air bag or float is inflated, it will bend down and become more cramped, but the air bag and float that will lean against the person's weight will not expand so much that the air will move inside the bag and move to other parts of the outer shell. It is considered to work as an expansion pressure. You can inflate it even after evacuating to the inside, and if you inflate it before entering it, the inside will become narrower. First, I ca n’t afford that time. It is easier to evacuate quickly and then inflate after bending. However, since it is dangerous to open the lid of the opening, it is necessary to have a posture that can be closed immediately if 80% is closed. It is easy to place a circular air bag on the seat or ceiling lid, and a helmet can be used on the upper lid. The method of inflating the air bag and the float is basically the same as the float when bathing in the sea, and it is necessary to divide the lung capacity several times in the manner of inflating by breathing. For injection, there are a method of blowing in air, a method of sending with a simple air pump, and a method of sending from a compression cylinder. For injection into a compartment, a method of injecting directly into the inlet of each compartment, a method of feeding through a branched tube Alternatively, if a backflow prevention valve is provided on the partition wall, the blowing port is provided at one place, which simplifies and shortens the time. Because it is unfamiliar with handling for equipment, local high school students must take the lead training, and there is no time to get the operating instructions, so it is necessary to be as simple as injecting by pulling a string such as a cylinder. Consider preparing an air pump or a simple air injector, especially for younger students who are attending school.

The size of the air bag inside the sphere must be such that the total buoyancy due to the air volume is greater than the total weight including the weight and the weight of the outer shell, even if submerged. Here, as a guideline, the following is a large furoshiki-shaped or curved air bag that sticks to the entire inner surface of the sphere, and when a plurality are arranged in parallel, for example, with three horizontal floats inscribed It is easily obtained in three cases when a wide, belt-like horizontal floating ring is inscribed. In the case of a large furoshiki-shaped air bag that is attached to the entire inner surface of the sphere of the first case, if the sphere diameter of the floating body is 0.8 m, the thickness of the air bag, and the space width t = 6 cm, the air bag volume is , Surface area of the sphere at the center of the air bag * space width of the air bag t = 4π * (0.8 / 2−t / 2) * (0.8 / 2−t / 2) * t = 0.103 m3 It can be calculated that the buoyancy of a large furoshiki-shaped air bag with a width of 6 cm is superior to the body weight for 70 kg + 30 kg = 100 kg body weight of one child. In this case, it is assumed that there is an air bag on the back side of the lid of the opening. If the sphere diameter is 0.7 m and the air bag space width is t = 6 cm, the air bag volume is the spherical surface area at the air bag center * air bag space width = 4π * (0.7 / 2−t / 2) * (0.7 / 2-t / 2) * t = 0.077m3, and it can be calculated that a buoyancy is superior if it is a 6cm-thick furoshiki-shaped air bag for a standard 70kg body weight per adult . For a single child, if the sphere diameter is 0.6 m and the air bag space width is t = 6 cm, the air bag volume is the spherical surface area at the air bag center * air bag space width t = 4π * (0. 6/2-t / 2) * (0.6 / 2-t / 2) * t = 0.055m3, a large wrapping-like air bag 6cm thick for 50kg body weight per child under 13 years old If there is, it can be calculated that buoyancy is excellent. For a single child, if the sphere diameter is 0.5 m and the air bag space width is t = 6 cm, the air bag volume is the surface area of the sphere at the center of the air bag * the air bag space width t = 4π * (0. 5 / 2-t / 2) * (0.5 / 2-t / 2) * t = 0.036m3, with a large wrapping-like air bag 6cm thick for 31kg body weight per child under 9 years old If there is, it can be calculated that buoyancy is excellent. If it is an air bag on a large furoshiki, it is necessary to divide it with a partition to prevent danger. You must consider the position of the handle. In this case, it is provided around the opening. When two or more of the second cases are arranged in parallel with, for example, three horizontal floating rings inscribed in the upper, middle, and lower sides, the diameter of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere having a diameter of 0.8 m is 15 cm, If the diameter is 0.65 m, the air volume is 3 * circumference of center ring (π * 0.65) * cross-sectional area (π * 0.075 * 0.075) = 0.108 cm 3, that is, 70 kg and 30 kg One adult and one child. If the diameter of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere with a diameter of 0.7 m is 15 cm and the diameter of the annular central ring is 0.65 m, the air volume is 3 * circumference of the central ring (π * 0.55) * Cross-sectional area (π * 0.075 * 0.075) = 0.092 cm 3, that is, one adult up to 90 kg. If the diameter of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere with a diameter of 0.6 m is 15 cm and the diameter of the annular central ring is 0.45 m, the air volume is 3 * circumference of the central ring (π * 0.45) * Cross-sectional area (π * 0.075 * 0.075) = 0.075 cm 3, that is, one adult of 70 kg. If the diameter of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere with a diameter of 0.5 m is 15 cm and the diameter of the annular center ring is 0.35 m, the air volume is 3 * circumference of the center ring (π * 0.35) * Cross-sectional area (π * 0.075 * 0.075) = 0.058 cm 3, that is, one child of 50 kg under 13 years old. However, the smaller the diameter of the sphere, the smaller the diameter of the inscribed ring. If the third case is inscribed in a wide, strip-shaped horizontal floating ring, the horizontal width of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere with a diameter of 0.8 m is 15 cm, the vertical width of the band is 40 cm, and the diameter of the annular central ring Is 0.65m, the air volume is the circumference of the center ring (π * 0.65) * cross-sectional area (0.15 * 0.40) = 0.122cm3, that is, 70kg and 30kg per adult Minutes. Assuming that the width of the band of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere having a diameter of 0.7 m is 10 cm, the vertical width of the band is 40 cm, and the diameter of the annular central ring is 0.60 m, the air volume is the circumference of the central ring (π * 0.60) * Cross-sectional area (0.10 * 0.40) = 0.075 cm3, that is, 70 kg for one adult. If the width of the band of the floating bag part of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere having a diameter of 0.6 m is 10 cm, the vertical width of the band is 40 cm, and the diameter of the annular central ring is 0.50 m, the air volume is the circle of the central ring. Circumference (π * 0.50) * cross-sectional area (0.10 * 0.40) = 0.063 cm 3, that is, one child under the age of 13 and 50 kg. Assuming that the width of the band of the floating bag part of the floating ring inscribed in a sphere having a diameter of 0.5 m is 10 cm, the vertical width of the band is 40 cm, and the diameter of the annular central ring is 0.40 m, the air volume is the circle of the central ring. Circumference (π * 0.40) * cross-sectional area (0.10 * 0.40) = 0.050 cm 3, that is, one child aged 11 years and 40 kg or less.

It is more reassuring if a waterproof thin film or plastic bag is laid in contact with the outer shell of the floating body. Lay it in the gap between the outer shell and the inflatable bladder or float. If a floating evacuation body that is floating underwater is damaged, air may escape. Even if it is not difficult to breathe because the air is difficult to escape, if the air is reduced, the buoyancy may be reduced accordingly and the time to rise may be increased. In order to prepare for this possibility, a plane waterproof thin curtain is laid between the air bag and the floating ring that adheres along the inner periphery of the outer shell, or the air bag and the floating ring. It is conceivable to connect the two with a waterproof thin film. As a result, the escape of air is temporarily suppressed, and it is not necessary to get wet. Water in the gap between the outer shell and the thin film acts as a cushion. Although there is no safety, a further effect can be expected if a sheet-like waterproof thin curtain is provided on the center side of the air bag or the sphere of the floating ring. However, if it is too bulky, it must be balanced against the problem of folding for portable and equipment, but the waterproof membrane and plastic bag on the center side can be folded if it is to be retrofitted at the time of evacuation. It can be said that it is not bulky when stacked.

In addition, if the inside is dark, anxiety is raised and a little work cannot be done. If the lid of the opening can be discriminated at least with the inner fluorescent paint, the vertical relationship can be confirmed. Even if you open the lid immediately, you may be worried that you can't see the outside. If the lid is transparent, you can feel safe even in daytime and moonlight. For internal lighting, in addition to clearing the lid, a hand-wound charging flashlight and radio are also useful. Drifting floats may be helped by people in tall buildings along the way, or they may be caught at the roots of trees at high places or discovered by rescue helicopters. It is advisable to apply a noticeable yellow paint or luminous paint on the outer surface of the outer shell. During normal times, cushions, clothing, and disaster prevention bags can be stored in the room, and it is possible to devise measures that do not burden the living space. The items to be prepared are: beach float, flashlight, radio, simple air pump, simple helmet, string, rope, yellow flag, rowing all, adhesive tape, basin, plastic bag, mobile phone, hand If you prepare it in a towel to send a signal to the sky by shaking it, it will be an unexpected preparation. GPS mobile phones are also useful. The primary inundation can be scooped out with a basin and can be prepared for the second wave attack, which is said to be 30 minutes later.

In order to solve such a problem, the small-sized tsunami evacuation floating body for portable or equipment according to the present invention for one person or a small number of people can evacuate a person in preparation for the tsunami attack. Spherical shape, cylindrical shape, barrel shape, box shape, cube shape, rectangular parallelepiped shape, polyhedron shape or similar three-dimensional shape with space similar to them, and the material of the outer shell that forms the solid is resistant to damage and waterproof Made of reinforced resin, resin, fiber, rubber, or their composites and mesh reinforced, and the size of the three-dimensional formed body is 50 to 110 cm in diameter in terms of volume as a sphere, and is accommodated in water It is assumed that the volume of the solid space has a buoyancy greater than the total weight including the human body weight, and the height of the surrounding body is 3/8 to 5/8 when the diameter of the three-dimensionally formed body is increased during the ascent. The relationship between weight and size and outside The function is to protect internal people from direct impacts such as drifting objects, and an opening and lid are provided at the top of the outer shell. The opening is not sealed and opened after checking the vertical position when ascending. The outer shell is made of thin plate, sheet, cloth, multi-layer composite, shape memory, or wood with a specific gravity less than 1.0, fired steel, Cellular materials such as cellular boards, porous boards, multi-layer composites of these and thin-walled materials, or plates made of hollow structures and hollow structures with partitions, for portable purposes, or for mobiles and schools such as trains, buses, private cars, etc. It is lightweight for office equipment and is characterized by being folded, reduced and shaped.

Further, a small tsunami evacuation floating body for one person or a small number of persons for portable or equipment of the present invention is an air bag along a three-dimensional inner surface provided inside the outer shell of the tsunami evacuation floating body, Floating rings along the horizontal direction, or those air bags with partition walls, or by inflating the floating rings in close contact with the inner surface, or with a hollow structure of the outer shell or a hollow structure with partition walls, and these In total, a solid shape is formed and held, floats with a buoyancy greater than the human weight and the weight of the solid body in water, and also serves as a cushion against impact, even if the outer shell is impacted or sharply stabbed Even when the wound is damaged and partly damaged and flooded inside the three-dimensional body, the outer shell enclosure and the repelling force of the inner flooding maintain the function of protecting the person inside. That you can float in The features.

In addition, the small tsunami evacuation floating body for one person or a small number of persons according to the present invention has a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a barrel shape, a box shape in which a person can evacuate in preparation for the tsunami attack. Cubic, rectangular parallelepiped, polyhedral or similar three-dimensional shapes with spaces similar to them, and the material of the outer shell that forms the solid is made of reinforced resin, resin, fiber with excellent damage resistance and waterproofness Made of rubber, or synthetic or mesh-reinforced, and the size of the three-dimensional formed body is 50 to 110 cm in diameter in terms of volume as a sphere, and has a buoyancy greater than the total weight including the body weight of the inmate when underwater When the height of the three-dimensional formed body is height when floating, the peripheral water surface height is in the range of 3/8 to 5/8. Function from direct impact of drifting objects The outer shell is provided with an opening and a lid, the opening is not sealed, and the air is taken in after opening and closing after checking the vertical position. The material is a thick-walled material, or a cellular material, a porous material, or a thick-walled molded product made of a hollow structure or a hollow structure with a partition wall, and is placed in a house, a building, or its periphery. And

In addition, a small tsunami evacuation floating body for one person or a small number of persons according to the present invention includes an air bag along a solid inner surface provided in the outer shell of the tsunami evacuation floating body, along a horizontal direction. These floats, or those air bags with bulkheads, by inflating the float ring in close contact with the inner surface side, or with a hollow shell structure, a plate with a hollow structure with bulkheads, and in total, Even if the outer shell is impacted or sharply pierced, etc., partially damaged and submerged in the interior of the three-dimensional body, the outer shell enclosure and the internal water repulsion force protect the internal person. It is characterized by being able to float and float in the flooded water in its enclosure.

Further, a small tsunami evacuation floating body for one person or a small number of persons according to the present invention is provided along the inner surface of the outer shell of the tsunami evacuation floating body or between the inner surface of the outer shell and an air bag or a floating ring. A bag-like waterproof thin film bag is laid between the air bag and the center of the floating body of the floating ring, or a bag along the inner surface of the outer shell by connecting the floating rings with a waterproof face material It is characterized by making it into a shape, and also combining these.

In the area where the tsunami arrival time is 5 minutes and the tsunami height is 10m, it is considered a difficult area to evacuate. Anyway, it is said that you can escape, you can protect your own life, many people have given up and despaired. is there. In particular, many of the automobiles that drifted and submerged in the tsunami of East Japan in the past, while the moving bodies of trains and buses were blocked while they were unprotected, commuting to work, and wooden houses that became fine dust on the edge Indoors are the most dangerous. Each is a risk during daily life and social life of an individual unit, and in 24 hours of life, if there is no continuous measure for 24 hours, in other words, people have hope that there is a missing time It can be said that it remains immersed in despair. The present invention is intended to take measures against such a situation. First of all, it should always be possible to carry it while going out, and it should be prepared as equipment when riding a confined moving body, and it can be worn immediately after escaping. When you're at home, you don't have time to get to the entrance and don't have time to wear shoes. Many lives in refuge difficult areas that had been given up are saved, so there is no further effect. In particular, an individual is always the best candidate to be sacrificed by the weak, but by reducing the personal sacrifice, it is possible to aim for zero victims as much as possible. If you always carry a small, lightweight evacuation float for your personal use, you can respond without hesitation. The folded size fits in a school bag, a commuter bag, a disaster backpack, or you can hang it on your back in a bag or bag, and it's lightweight and easy to carry and carry. Parents can be reassured especially if they are brought to elementary school students. Of course, daily training as well as handling is important. With this, it can be said that it had a countermeasure for 24 hours. The commuting, trains on the coastal area of school, and buses are also at risk of group life, but if they are provided as fixtures under the net racks and seats, they will be derailed by a huge earthquake. From a train that has stopped due to waxing or power outage, the blocked space is dangerous and must be escaped and installed immediately. If a train attending student trains for operation, other passengers can easily participate. A moving body such as a bus or a train can carry and store a large number of people as equipment at all times, so it can fulfill its public responsibility to travelers and tourists. In the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake, the car sank and many victims appeared, but it would be helpful if they were always on the trunk. If you always keep the trunk of your private car as equipment, you can feel safe during work and leisure. If you have equipment such as a public hall or a hospital, you can escape and evacuate on a low rooftop, such as the third floor of a building, without fear of being unable to escape to higher heights. According to the present invention, since the opening is not rigid, air is somewhat bubbled and escapes to form a sealed structure, and no special pressure is applied to the member, and strength other than collision is not required. If you have a floating bag, you can rest assured. If you ascend, you can drift between the drifting objects like a one-dimensional teacher in a bowl. The outer shell of the evacuation floating body protects against a direct collision, and the inner air bag acts as a cushion against the impact with the flotsam. As a double safety valve, even if the outer shell is damaged and the inside is flooded, multiple air bags along the inner side are made into a compartment room, and the outer shell has a hollow structure so that the buoyancy exceeds the human weight. The evacuation float itself does not sink, and people can float in its enclosure. In addition, if a bag-like waterproof thin film bag or a plastic bag is laid along the inside of the outer shell, effects such as air leakage at the time of breakage in water and not getting wet at the time of water immersion can be expected. Tsunami evacuation floats are low in material costs, so the price is cheap and can be fully paid by individuals. If any subsidies are issued, preparation is accelerated. The stationary type is surprisingly useful because it can store disaster prevention goods during normal times. It is an important point for the narrow housing situation in Japan. First, if it is large, it may not enter from the entrance. The 10m seawall, which is a conventional measure, blocks the sea breeze and avoids the danger of global warming and the summer heat throughout Japan. You don't have to make a huge debt that surrounds Japan with the Great Wall. In addition, since the breakwater breaks off in the river section that runs along the sea, it is likely to be an astronomical number if the river bank, crossing road bridge, crossing railway bridge, and its approach section are raised to 20 meters of the second wave of the tsunami. The tsunami attack is predicted within 30 years. The tsunami will attack such tomorrow without mercy. Even on hill relocations and tsunami evacuation buildings, there is no limit to the safety of unexpected tsunami heights. Furthermore, it is necessary to prepare countermeasures individually. Even those who can escape to high places in 5 minutes cannot guarantee safety. It is said that disaster prevention includes public assistance, mutual assistance, and self-help, but if self-help is solid, it will be useful for society without searching and funeral. The present invention is compatible with many hours of personal life patterns, 24 hours a day, and is familiar and easy to operate, so there is a possibility that life will be saved, and with the desire to live, from the determination to protect my life by myself The awareness of disaster prevention is always working, the willingness to act agilely, and if you are prepared, your mental anxiety will be resolved and many people can live with peace of mind. Infants, care recipients, and the weak are also welcomed together. Because it is possible to evacuate in close proximity at any time zone of 24 hours, every time an earthquake tsunami evacuation alarm is issued, especially at night alarm, it is saved for pregnant women and elderly people who have a great mental and physical burden. Living patterns such as bathing, supper and sleeping are not threatened. Sequentially, it can be said that if you make preparations with a wide variety of choices, such as double and triple, as small as possible for each individual, you will be able to eliminate difficult evacuation areas early. In addition to the tsunami of the coming Nankai Trough earthquake, the Nihonkai giant earthquake, tsunami, floods during storm surges and heavy rains, river flooding due to bank breaks such as Kinugawa, disaster prevention measures below sea level and along the ceiling river It is also effective as an aid.

A schematic diagram of a portable spherical tsunami evacuation floating body folded into a flat surface like a paper balloon type folding method. The upper lid is easy to fold if it is separate from the main body. The outline figure which folds the portable floating body of 60 cm in length * width 60 cm * height 50 cm to the plate piece of 30 cm * 25 cm in 16 piles. In the example where the bottom and top surfaces are soft and the four side surfaces are folded, first, the A1, B1, C1, and D1 surfaces and the adjacent A2, B2, C2, and D2 surfaces are A3, B3, C3, and D3 so as to collapse the diamond shape. Double the A4, B4, C4, and D4 surfaces adjacent to the surface. Next, the A1, B1, A2, B2, A3, B3, A4, and B4 surfaces are folded and overlapped with the C1, D1, C2, D2, C3, D3, C4, and D4 surfaces to form a quadruple. Next, if the four quadruples are further folded four times to form one surface, the size becomes 1/16. However, the thickness is 16 times. For the first grader's portable, a 4cm thick plate with a hollow structure that the child floats with only the outer shell, and a cube floating body of 41cm in length * 41cm in width * 41cm in height. Figure of how to fold inward. Corners drop off. Schematic diagram of folding a sphere-shaped floating body for train, bus, and car equipment in a lantern style A diagram of a procedure for a person to enter a barrel-shaped floating body for fixtures in a bellows type, and then to stretch and form a barrel. The parent and child bent into the inside of the spherical floating body are held by the handle straps connecting the opening provided on the top of the main body and the back of the lid, and the peripheral water surface height at the time of ascent. The surrounding water surface height is about half of the sphere height. After opening the surface, open the lid of the opening, inject fresh air, drift out of the head, and the relationship with the surrounding water level. The opening is an example of a hook-and-loop fastener and an example in which a waterproof thin film bag is provided on the floating body center side of the floating ring and a plastic bag having a hole having the same size as the opening of the floating body is arranged. A schematic diagram for folding a cube-shaped floating body, which is for fixtures and has a hollow structure on the four outer shells, into two sides so as to crush the rhombus. The folded thickness is doubled. However, the length is twice as long. A spherical floating body with an outer shell that is stationary and has a thick hollow structure. The handle is connected to the back of the main body and the lid. Inside, a bag-shaped waterproof thin film bag is arranged. The opening is an example of a taper receiving structure. An example in which a large furoshiki bag and a curved air bag having a partition wall are arranged along the entire inside of the outer shell, which is a stationary and spherical hollow structure. The opening is an example of a two-stage receiving structure. This is a stationary type with three horizontal floating rings along the inside of the outer shell, which is a thick spherical floating body. The opening is an example of a screw structure. Waterproof face materials that connect the floating rings are arranged in a bag shape. Example of a stationary belt-like floating ring along the inside of a spherical thick outer shell. An example of a square air bag and a floating ring that conveys inflation pressure to the four corners of one plane along the inside of the cubic outer shell. Even if the outer shell of the tsunami evacuation floating body and part of the air bag are damaged and inundated, people are floating inside the remaining floats. The flooded water level is the same as the surrounding water level.

The tsunami has a lot of energy with water, so you have to think about dodging without facing it. In addition, since humans cannot breathe underwater, double and triple safety measures are necessary. The former can be put on water well, it can withstand collisions, the latter can not sink even if broken, and it can be equipped with a float. In any case, collision resistance and buoyancy are basically required.
I don't know when and where the tsunami will strike. Even those who think that they can save themselves will be given up when attacked. Anyway, measures that can evacuate in 5 minutes are necessary. In addition, it is necessary to evacuate the continuous time zone by joining each life pattern of 24 hours. At least when you are out and at home, 24 if you can't cope with the state of life when you go out, a large number of people in a moving body of trains and buses, confined in a group, and the individual time zone inside a wooden house at home I can't feel safe every day. First of all, you must be familiar as you escape to the evacuation body. It must be possible to evacuate by competing for one minute and one second that it can always be carried, equipped with equipment, and installed indoors and outdoors. The design is based on the relationship between the total weight of the evacuating person and the weight of the sphere, and the buoyancy of the three-dimensional volume. The height of the sphere is well balanced, and the required sphere size is obtained. Since the number of evacuated people changes with time and with circumstances, it is assumed that the water level is in the range of 3/8 to 5/8 before and after that. When making a hollow shell plate with a hollow structure, a flat plate-like combination is used to form a three-dimensional structure, a three-dimensional structure close to a cube, and a thin elastic waterproof surface material is used to make it easy to fold at the fold. It is used at the four corners of the direction, and the bottom is a face material like a furoshiki that can be folded up as a whole. In any case, the opening is provided above the floating body. If the ceiling surface, which is a lid, is a surface that is separately attached with buttons, hook-and-loop fasteners, hooks, etc., the body can be folded easily. When folded in half, the thickness is not bulky and the equipment can be stored easily. In addition, for portability, consideration is given to the balance of buoyancy with the floating bag so that the plate thickness is not bulky.

When folding a sphere-shaped floating body for personal use, commuting to work or commuting in the manner of a paper balloon, it is necessary to fold the spherical curved surface as flat as possible. It is conceivable to devise wrinkles, crease grooves, or aggregates, and to make the outer shell thin, soft, laminated with a soft material and thin, or multilayer. It can be easily deformed if it is made of a multi-layered material with a stretchy skin like melon. In the case of a cube, it is necessary to fold according to the size of the storage, and if it is folded 16 times, the thickness increases at least 16 times, and it must be taken into consideration that the storage becomes impossible. It must also be lightweight and portable. When folded, compactness is required. It would be convenient and portable to have a size that can be stored in a school bag, business bag or disaster backpack. Since the lid must be opened immediately after ascending and air must be taken in, the opening is made the upper part of the floating body. If the lid is attached separately, the bulk is reduced and it is easy to fold. If a part of the lid is made translucent and transparent, it is possible to calm down by knowing the internal lighting and the external appearance. It is easy to discover from a helicopter if you apply yellow coloring or luminous paint.

A 30cm rectangular evacuation body with a height of 60cm * width 60cm * height 50cm that is portable when going out.
In the example of folding into a plate of cm * 25 cm, it is necessary to overlap 16 sheets even if the four side surfaces are thin-walled sheets and the bottom and top surfaces are thinner. A 3 mm thick sheet is 4.8 cm thick, and a 2 mm thick sheet is 3.2 cm thick. Although it is a little thicker for trains, buses, and car equipment, it can be said to be as large as a concrete block. In order to make it easy to fold, it is necessary to contact the crease part and the groove part of the corner with an elastic thin waterproof surface material.

In the lower grades of elementary school, which are not familiar with operation, parents can rest assured that they can float their children only by using a block plate with a hollow outer shell that floats on water. A simple calculation is performed with a cube of 41 cm * 41 cm * 41 cm, omitting the material thickness of the block plate pieces of the hollow structure with four side surfaces. The air layer thickness is 4 cm, and the air volume is 4 * 0.41 * 0.41 * 0.04 = 0.026 m3, which can be used for first graders. In this case, since folding is performed by folding the center of the two side surfaces facing each other inward, the folded thickness is 4 times 16 cm. Although it does not fit in the school bag, it is light and can be hung on the back. Alternatively, if the air bag sharing about half is used, the thickness becomes half of 8 cm, and the bulkiness is reduced. In elementary and junior high school grades, it can be said that it is a little larger, but it can be carried. In order to make it easy to fold, it is necessary to contact the crease part and the groove part of the corner with an elastic thin waterproof surface material.

In the case of a bellows type or lantern type folding method, if it is a sphere, barrel, or cylinder, it is folded so as to be squeezed into a circle, so that it can be easily reduced thinly, but the diameter of the circle still remains. Inserting a circular aggregate in the crease part helps to maintain the shape when it is deployed in three dimensions. Furthermore, if two or three aggregates are confined along the central crease, a framework that is orthogonal during expansion is easily maintained. The opening is the upper part of the floating body. For trains and bus equipment with a relatively large space, it is possible to prepare a large number of people under the seats, net racks, and deck spaces. It is suitable for storing trunks in automobiles. It becomes equipment in public halls and waiting areas at stations.

If a light 1 cm thick outer shell material piece floating in water with a specific gravity of 1.0 or less is used, it will be a cubic and rectangular parallelepiped with a surface configuration, and an internal air bag and a rectangular parallelepiped of 60 cm * 60 cm * 50 cm, Assuming that the thickness of the air bag is omitted by simple calculation, when it is folded 16 times into 30 cm * 25 cm, the bulky thickness is 16 cm. It looks like a concrete block, and it is also suitable for stacking storage for equipment for moving objects such as trains, buses, private cars, public halls, and station waiting areas. One option.

To close the circular opening at the top of the thin outer shell, the surface fastener, fastener, button, hook, thick outer shell is a two-stage packing type, and the diameter of the circle is changed from outside to inside. There are taper type with a slope, screw type, and fitting type. Since it is not a sealed structure, air is bubbled out when subjected to a large pressure, but it is unavoidable to get wet by water immersion because it takes several seconds to ascend. If the adhesive tape is lined from the inside, water can be prevented from entering, but since the entire sphere is compressed by water pressure, care must be taken not to delay the acquisition of the time-consuming air to open the opening after ascending. After ascending, check the opening at the top and open the lid immediately. If the lid is lost, it will not become an evacuation floating body in preparation for the second wave, so the inside of the lid and the inside of the main body will be tied. During the ascent, the connecting string acts as a handle at the time of rotation, and a pulling force acts inside so that the lid does not come off, and further helps to confirm the vertical position at the time of ascent.

A handle is also provided inside the tsunami evacuation floating body for confirmation that the opening is in the upper position when it ascends while being bent in water and rotating. Handles include clasp strings, clasp bars, hanging leather, and seat belts. After floating on the surface, open the lid of the opening, put in fresh air, raise your head and drift. The relationship with the water surface height at this time is important, and the half is below the water surface and half is on the water, that is, the buoyancy due to the total weight and 1/2 of the three-dimensional air volume, in other words, the water volume excluded by the three-dimensional shape It is desirable that the buoyancy corresponding to is balanced. It can be said that the height in the middle is less susceptible to high waves and the drift is stable.

When the outer shell is composed of a hollow plate, the thickness increases and it is difficult to make a curved surface, so the four side surfaces are plate-like, for example, a cube shape with a length of 60 cm, a width of 60 cm, a height of 60 cm, and a thickness of 7 cm. Because it can be designed to be a floating bag by itself, there is a sense of security on high waves. When the bottom and top are bulky, they cannot be folded, and when folded, the diagonal length of one of them becomes long, so that it becomes a loose and soft material. There is a way to fold two rhombuses together, or a way to fold the middle of two opposite sides of a quadrilateral inside. It is necessary to devise such as providing a separate air seat for seating at the bottom. In this case, the overlapping thickness part is only doubled to 14cm, but the length is doubled to 120cm, so it can be stood behind the seat near the train door where there is enough space and can be used as equipment. I can say that. The height is 60 cm as it is. Decreasing the corners of the four corners of the cube shape is a device for reducing contact damage with drifting objects. In this case, the plane from the top changes from a quadrangle to an octagon.

When it is for stationary use and thick, it can be shaped freely. If the outer shell has a hollow structure having a partition wall, the floating body itself can float in the remaining hollow structure even if the outer shell is partially broken and is immersed in the floating body, so that the safety level is drastically improved.

If an air bag or a floating ring is provided in contact with the inside of the floating body, double and triple safety is enhanced. For the time being, evacuate inside quickly and then inflate. For elementary school students with low vital capacity, prepare a simple air pump. Since air must be put into the bag, the lid of the opening must be in a position to close immediately after opening to some extent. The air bag has a curved surface with a partition wall on the entire inner surface along the outer shell, an example of a large furoshiki-shaped air bag, and a plurality of horizontal floating rings along the inner periphery of the outer shell. There is also an example of a belt-like floating ring. A concentric and spiral floating ring on the bottom also provides a comfortable seat. A three-dimensional floating body requires a device such as a square air bag so that the expansion pressure to the outside of the four corners in the horizontal direction can be easily transmitted. It is safe to disperse the danger by providing a partition wall, a backflow prevention valve, or a plurality of valves. Even if a part of the outer shell is damaged and flooded, it is still protected from the impact of drifting objects in the inner enclosure, so the inner flooded volume acts as a shock absorber, and air bags and floats are integrated. Even if the part ruptures, you can rest assured that people can float with the remaining air bags and floats inside the floating body. In order to increase the final safety level, a float for personal use and bathing is prepared inside and inflated in case of emergency.

If damage occurs to the floating evacuation bodies in the water, air may escape. The air is difficult to escape underneath, so even if you do not have trouble breathing, it may take longer to ascend. In order to prepare for this possibility, a waterproof thin curtain, for example, a plastic bag is laid in contact with the outer shell of the floating body. If there is an air bag or a floating ring, it is conceivable to lay a sheet-like waterproof thin curtain or a plastic bag in the gap with the outer shell, or to connect a plurality of floating rings with a waterproof thin curtain. As a result, the escape of air is temporarily suppressed, and it is not necessary to get wet. The water in the gap between the outer shell and the thin curtain acts as a cushion. Although there is no safety limit, it can be expected to be further provided by providing the air bag and the floating ring on the center side of the sphere, and combining these. It is important not to be too bulky for portable and equipment, even if there is time and space for stationary. The waterproof thin curtain or plastic bag on the center side can be said to be not bulky when folded up if it is set up as a retrofit during evacuation. There are two types of post-installed plastic bags: one with an opening that matches the size of the floating body opening, and the other with a top that is closed with a fastener or hook-and-loop fastener.

In the Nankai Trough and the coastal area of the Sea of Japan, where a huge tsunami due to a linked earthquake within 30 years is expected to strike in a few minutes, there is no time to wait for long-term measures such as seawalls. We need to be aware of the dangers of protecting myself by the invasion that may be tomorrow. It is cheap, easy and quick to evacuate. Since the present invention can be applied to every person and every scene, it can be said that there is a great demand for the coastal population. In addition to the tsunami, a wide range of measures such as storm surges, floods, tornadoes, etc. will be combined with national land resilience and regional disaster prevention measures, making it possible to change from anxiety to a safer and more secure daily life.

1 A portable, balloon-shaped sphere-shaped tsunami evacuation floating body 2 Outer shell 3 Opening at the top of the main body 4, lid attachment part 5 lid part 6 fold and its groove, elastic rubber material, aggregate , Waterproof face material 7 wrinkles, pleats 8 for carrying and fixtures, cube-shaped tsunami evacuation floating body 9 bottom 10 upper surface part that is folded 16 times,
11 sides, A1 to D4
Twelve folds of outer shell 13 with a size of 1/16. A cubic tsunami evacuation floating body 14 as a shell of a hollow structure board for the first grade of elementary school students. For the corner-falling part 16 fixtures, lantern-folded sphere-shaped tsunami evacuation float 17 rigs, bellows-folded barrel-shaped tsunami evacuation float 18 refugee 19 handle 20 thin wall Spherical tsunami evacuation body 21 of the outer shell of the evacuated parent and child 22 Concentric and spiral seating air at the bottom of five independent floating rings 23 closely attached to the inner surface along the inner horizontal direction of the thin outer shell Water surface height 25 around the bag 24 The outer shell plate 27 having a hollow structure of the tsunami evacuation floating body 26 having a hollow structure with the four outer sides of the shell having a hollow structure folded in four sides is hollow. Spherical tsunami evacuation floating body 28 bulkhead with thick structure 9 Thick outer shell spherical tsunami evacuation floating body 30 Adhered to the inner surface along the inner horizontal direction of the large furoshiki-shaped air bag 31 divided by the inner wall along the inner periphery of the outer periphery of the outer shell 3 A buoy ring 33 divided by a partition wall in close contact with the inner surface along the inner horizontal direction of the outer floating ring 32 of the book, and a partition wall in close contact with the four corners along the inner horizontal direction of the tsunami evacuation floating body 34 in the cubic shape. The air bag divided by the floating ring 35, the floating ring 35, the person 36 floating in the enclosure of the damaged tsunami evacuation floating body, 37 flooded, the water level is the same as the surrounding water level 38, the surface fastener of the thin wall 39 thick Two-stage receiving structure of the opening of
40 thick-walled opening taper receiving structure 41 thick-walled opening screw structure 42 waterproof thin film bag 43 waterproof face material 44 connecting the floating rings, installed on the floating body center side of the floating ring An example of a plastic bag with a waterproof thin film bag with a hole of the same size as the opening of the floating body,
45 Air bag, a waterproof thin film bag installed on the floating body center side of a floating ring, and an example of a plastic bag with a hook-and-loop fastener on the top → Folding direction or extending direction

Claims (5)

In preparation for the tsunami attack, a three-dimensional shape with a spherical shape, cylindrical shape, barrel shape, box shape, cubic shape, rectangular parallelepiped shape, polyhedron shape, or similar space is created by which people can evacuate. The material of the outer shell is made of reinforced resin, resin, fiber, rubber, or a composite or mesh reinforced excellent in breakage resistance and waterproofness. The volume-converted diameter is 50 cm to 110 cm, and has a three-dimensional space volume that has a buoyancy greater than the total weight including the body weight of the inmate when underwater. The relationship between the total weight and the size is in the range of 3/8 to 5/8, and the function of the outer shell is to protect the inside person from direct impacts such as drifting objects. Provide a lid and make the opening sealed. After the vertical position is confirmed at the time of ascent, it is opened and air is taken in. The outer shell is made of thin plate material, sheet material, cloth material, multi-layer composite material, shape memory material, or specific gravity is 1. Wood plates lighter than 0, foam steel plates, cellular boards, porous boards, multilayer composites of these and thin-walled materials, or hollow boards, hollow boards with bulkheads, portable, or trains, Lightweight, small size for portable or equipment for one person or for small number of people, characterized by folding, shrinking and shaping for moving objects such as buses, private cars, etc. Tsunami evacuation float By inflating the air bag along the three-dimensional inner surface provided inside the outer shell of the floating body for tsunami evacuation, the floating ring along the horizontal direction, or the air bag with the partition wall, closely contacting the inner ring side, Alternatively, it is a plate made of a hollow structure of the outer shell and a hollow structure with a partition wall, and in addition to these, a solid shape is formed and held, and it floats in water with a greater buoyancy than the human weight and the weight of the solid body It also serves as a cushion against impact, and even if the outer shell is impacted or sharply stabbed, etc., partially damaged and immersed in the interior of the three-dimensional body, the outer shell is surrounded and the internal water repelling force 2. The portable or equipment for one person according to claim 1, wherein the function of protecting the person inside is maintained and the person can float in the flooded water in the enclosure. Small tsunami for small groups The flame for the floating body In preparation for the tsunami attack, a three-dimensional shape with a spherical shape, cylindrical shape, barrel shape, box shape, cubic shape, rectangular parallelepiped shape, polyhedron shape, or similar space is created by which people can evacuate. The material of the outer shell is made of reinforced resin, resin, fiber, rubber, or a composite or mesh reinforced excellent in breakage resistance and waterproofness. The volume-converted diameter is 50 cm to 110 cm, and has a three-dimensional space volume that has a buoyancy greater than the total weight including the body weight of the inmate when underwater. The relationship between the total weight and the size is in the range of 3/8 to 5/8, and the function of the outer shell is to protect the inside person from direct impacts such as drifting objects. Provide a lid and make the opening sealed. After confirming the vertical position when ascending, air is taken in after opening, and the outer shell is made of thick material, cellular material, porous material, hollow structure, or hollow structure with partition walls A small tsunami evacuation floating body for one or a small number of people, characterized in that it is a thick-walled molded product and is placed in or around a house, building By inflating the air bag along the three-dimensional inner surface provided inside the outer shell of the floating body for tsunami evacuation, the floating ring along the horizontal direction, or the air bag with the partition wall, closely contacting the inner ring side, Alternatively, it is a plate with a hollow structure of the outer shell and a hollow structure with a partition wall, and in addition to these, even if the outer shell is impacted or sharply stabbed, it is partially damaged and the interior of the three-dimensional body is submerged. The outer shell enclosure and the repelling force of the internal flooding maintain the function of protecting the person inside, and the person can float in the flooded water in the enclosure. A small tsunami evacuation floating body for one person or a small number of persons as described in 3 A bag-like waterproof material is provided along the inner surface of the outer shell of the tsunami evacuation floating body, between the inner surface of the outer shell and the air bag or the floating ring, or inside the center of the air bag or floating body of the floating ring. The thin film bag is laid, or the floating rings are connected with a waterproof face material to form a bag along the inner surface of the outer shell, or a combination thereof. Small tsunami evacuation float for one person or small number of people

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