JP2015110351A - Collapsible tsunami shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Tsunami shelter capable of waiting for rescue while drifting, when a Tsunami attacks.SOLUTION: The present invention comprises a collapsible Tsunami shelter 10 for connecting an elastic skeleton member to a soft external curtain 20 by imaging a tennis ball in a torrent. In details, the Tsunami shelter is provided so that there is the soft external curtain 20, and a residential member 30 is installed inside the external curtain connected with a horizontal type skeleton member 22 and a vertical type skeleton member 21, and is provided with an opening-closing member by which a person can go in and out the external curtain. The collapsible Tsunami shelter 10 is provided so as to be storable by folding up small in normal time, to become a substantial sphere by expanding the external curtain 20 by opening the elastic skeleton member when the Tsunami attacks, and to enable a refugee to safely drift by boarding in the substantial sphere.

Description

The present invention relates to a tsunami shelter.
Specifically, it relates to a foldable tsunami shelter that, when a large tsunami strikes, floats on the sea surface while being swept away by the tsunami, and can wait for rescue while drifting.

In the near future, a huge earthquake off Tonankai, which is expected to occur in the near future, is expected to cause a large tsunami in the plains on the Pacific coast. The

In preparation for such a tsunami, evacuation shelters have been installed on the ground, or efforts such as floating shelters have been undertaken.

For example, Patent Document 1 is a free drifting type shelter that devises a tsunami shelter equipped with a posture stabilization device during drifting.

JP 2012-254783 A JP2013-139255A

However, since the tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 1 is a standard shelter, it is difficult to store during normal times and to move in an emergency, and it can cause life and death of people such as weather, temperature, and drinking water during drifting. This phenomenon is not considered.

The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and provides a tsunami shelter that can be folded and stored compactly during normal times, can be expanded and boarded when a tsunami strikes, and can wait for rescue while drifting. Let it be an issue.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a foldable tsunami shelter formed of an outer curtain to which an elastic skeleton member is connected, the outer curtain having a predetermined volume, and is a soft member. An outer curtain of a substantially spherical body or a substantially spherical pyramid formed, wherein the skeleton member is formed of a member having a predetermined hardness and elasticity, and can be folded in a small size, at least a part of which is the outer membrane Is a skeletal member that can keep the outer membrane in a substantially spherical body or a substantially spherical pyramid, and a living member that forms a living space is built in the outer membrane, The outer membrane is provided with a foldable tsunami shelter provided with an opening / closing part through which people can enter and exit.

The Great Kanto Earthquake, the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake, and the Great East Japan Earthquake all occurred during the day, but it happened to be a coincidence, half a day, or 50% at night.
Moreover, a large earthquake that would cause a large tsunami inevitably causes a power outage accident, and even if the moonlight time zone is subtracted, there is a possibility that it will occur in the dark night of darkness with a probability of 30-40%. It is preferable to prepare evacuation means that can respond.

The foldable tsunami shelter of the present invention is lightweight, easy and quick to assemble, and the most important item is that it can be folded and stored compactly during normal times and taken out outdoors when a tsunami occurs to release the folded elastic skeleton The outer curtain expands and is aimed to be formed as a tsunami shelter. The outer curtain must be a soft member because it can be transformed into a roughly spherical body or a substantially spherical cone by the connected elastic member. .

The soft member constituting the outer curtain is preferably a plastic film or sheet, or a nonwoven fabric or cloth, a single soft member, a soft member in which these are combined, or a soft member to which a resin or long fiber is added.

The initial stage when the foldable tsunami shelter encounters a tsunami is expected to come into contact with various obstacles and pressure, etc., so the outer curtain can be roughly spherical or spherical so that it can be avoided by reducing the contact surface. A cone is preferable.

The substantially spherical body described in the present invention is a round sphere such as a soft tennis ball, a sphere having a protrusion such as a hard baseball, an elliptical sphere such as a rugby ball, or a flat body such as a soccer ball. This is a general term for a rounded polyhedron with overlapping parts, a sphere with irregularities such as a golf ball, or a deformed body with a soft tennis ball pressurized, even if it has a flat part, and is generally a round shape. I listed it as a sphere.

The substantially spherical cone described in the present invention is a spherical cone in which half of an elliptical sphere is combined with the upper part of a hemisphere, or a cone in which a linear pointed hat is combined with an upper part of the hemisphere. , And the sphere whose upper part is elongated is generically described as a substantially spherical cone.

The skeletal member has a predetermined hardness and elasticity, and can be folded small if force is applied, and when the applied force is released, it expands and returns to its original shape, into a horizontal skeleton member and a vertical skeleton member, Or it is divided into a horizontal skeleton member and a curved skeleton member, and the outer curtain can be kept in a flexible sphere or cone.

The present invention incorporates a stable living space inside the outer curtain of a substantially spherical body or a substantially spherical cone.
The occupant member forming the occupant space includes an outer member of the occupant composed of a soft member, a occupant floor where the refugee sits, a fixing net member for fixing the refugee, and a lower storage member. The members are joined to the elastic living part skeletal members and the form is determined, and the living part space is formed.

The fixing net member has large and small meshes of different sizes, and the location can be fixed simply by the evacuees entering any mesh without any operation, and is stable even under severe impact It has a fixed function that ensures a stable posture.

When drifting and drifting to an unexpected place, or when drifting becomes long, a storage unit that can store drinking water and emergency food is required.
Since the storage portion also plays a role of stabilizing the top and bottom of the substantially spherical body or the substantially spherical pyramid by utilizing the gravity of the stored product, it is preferable that the storage portion is positioned at the lowermost part.

The main purpose of the outer membrane is to secure buoyancy and protect the safety of evacuees, but it also serves as a protective wall to prevent low temperatures and wind and rain, and difficult external environments such as summer and winter or wind and rain. It is preferable that the opening / closing part of the outer curtain can be operated from inside and outside at will.

The folding tsunami shelter of the present invention is a large sphere or cone.
Large spheres or sphere cones produce large buoyancy, but also have the disadvantage of being winded like a sailing ship and being carried far away.
Therefore, in order to compensate for this drawback, it is preferable to attach an underwater resistance means for limiting the movement by utilizing the resistance of the water by suspending an object that receives the resistance of the water in the sea.
This underwater resistance means can also be used as a moving auxiliary member (all) by removing a part.

Due to the close proximity of the epicenter of the Tonankai offshore earthquake, it is predicted that a tsunami will strike in a short time after the occurrence of the earthquake, but the collapse of houses and means of transportation were severed by the earthquake. People in areas without high-rise buildings have no safe means of evacuation.
Therefore, the present invention can be stored compactly during normal times, and when the tsunami strikes, the outer curtain expands by releasing the folded elastic skeletal member, resulting in the appearance of a large sphere or cone and a large buoyancy. We will provide a foldable tsunami shelter that can get on the surface and wait for rescue.

The foldable tsunami shelter is lightweight, folded in a small size, placed in a flat storage bag, and can be stored on a wall.
A large tsunami is expected to cause a situation in which storage items are scattered due to a large earthquake that causes the tsunami, and the storage location is unknown or cannot be taken out. I can

The collapsible tsunami shelter taken out of the door is removed from the storage bag and the binding is released, and the elastic skeletal member expands and transforms into a spherical structure. The

The outer curtain imagines a tennis ball in a torrent and has a simple spherical structure that reduces the contact surface with obstacles. The elastic skeletal member and the soft outer curtain deform to apply pressure and impact. Relax and prevent tearing by using a material with strong tear strength.

The skeletal members are divided into a plurality of vertical skeleton members that form a substantially spherical body or a substantially spherical cone, and a horizontal skeleton member that reinforces the sphere, and each plays an important role.
The horizontal frame member is larger than any of the vertical frame members, but because it is connected to the inside of the vertical frame member, the vertical frame member is pushed outward and deformed.
The horizontal frame member pushes outwards and the deformed vertical frame member counteracts the force to return, reinforcing the outer curtain sphere structure.

Since the living part skeletal member having hardness and elasticity is below the center of the most enlarged part and is in contact with the inside of the vertical skeletal member, the living part space cannot move downward from there, Since it is softly connected to the bottom of the outer curtain via the outer member of the storage section, it cannot move upward from that position, and even in the event of a severe impact at the beginning of the tsunami, a stable position within the outer curtain Secured.

A fixed net member with a mesh of different shape and size is connected to the skeleton member of the living part, and the body can be fixed simply by entering an arbitrary mesh without any operation. Will ensure a stable position.
In particular, it is an extremely simple fixing mechanism at night when it is completely dark due to a power outage, or for elderly people and children.

The outer part of the living part (storage part) is made of a waterproof material. If the outer curtain breaks, the living part itself becomes a boat with buoyancy and can continue drifting. .

The evacuees are protected by the outer curtain even in the event of a violent impact at the beginning of the tsunami attack, so they are not thrown out, and the position is fixed by the fixing net member, the weight of the goods in the storage section and the evacuees Depending on the body weight, the vertical position (ceiling and bottom) of the sphere or cone can be determined, and you can wait for rescue while drifting in a stable posture.

This is a basic form of the folding tsunami shelter of the present invention, and the outline of the skeleton member inside the outer curtain and the house member built in is displayed in a perspective view through the outer curtain. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a living part in the foldable tsunami shelter of FIG. 1 and showing a fixing net member and a storage member, and a living part floor board (ceiling part ceiling). A cross-sectional view of a folding tsunami shelter drifting on the ocean. A cross-sectional view of a foldable tsunami shelter with a substantially spherical cone. In the foldable tsunami shelter of Fig. 1, it is a schematic diagram showing the form in which the horizontal skeleton members are installed outside the outer curtain. In the foldable tsunami shelter of Fig. 1, it is a schematic diagram consisting of multiple horizontal skeleton members. This is a schematic diagram showing a state where the lower part of a substantially spherical outer curtain is divided into four planes and spreads in a flat shape, and is formed by two upper and lower curved frame members. It is a top view of the net member for fixation with which the outer peripheral part was connected to the living part frame member. It is a plan view showing the opening and closing part above the outer curtain. It is the appearance of the storage bag where the folding tsunami shelter is stored.

The form of the foldable tsunami shelter 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a basic shape of a foldable tsunami shelter 10 according to claim 1, wherein three substantially circular outer skeletons 20 (only the outer peripheral portion as seen through) are softly connected and circular. It is a schematic diagram in which the horizontal skeleton member 22 that is expanded into a substantially spherical shape by expanding the member 21 in a hexagonal shape and that is softly connected to the center of the side surface reinforces the sphere, and the housing member is built in the lower part.
Also, for the sake of simplicity, the outer curtain opening / closing part 40 has been omitted.

The foldable tsunami shelter 10 needs to be folded and stored in a normal time, taken out outdoors when the tsunami hits, and quickly expanded, and the outer curtain 20 is made of a flexible elastic member. There are plastic, glass fiber, or metal springs that have both hardness and elasticity, but the present invention was made using SUS304 stainless steel wire springs.

The folding tsunami shelter 10 is used only once and for a short time.
However, even if the usage time is short, there is a high possibility that the storage period will be long, and the members constituting the outer curtain 20 have little change over time, a certain strength, high airtightness, light weight, etc. A composite material made of plastic is preferred.

Even among the plastic materials, a waterproof cloth made of nylon or polyester fiber, which is highly airtight, lightweight, excellent in tear strength, and excellent in the ability to be folded small, is preferable.

The outer curtain 20 is elongated at both ends and joins parts that spread toward the center to finish it into a roughly spherical body, and has an open / close part (described in Fig. 9) to connect the elastic skeleton members.

The elastic frame member is made up of four circular frame members of different sizes.
The four circular skeleton members have the outer diameter of the second skeleton member inside the inner diameter of the first skeleton member, and the outer diameter of the third skeleton member inside the inner diameter of the second skeleton member. There is an outer diameter of the fourth frame member inside the inner diameter of the four, and the four frame members can be arranged in a plane.

The largest skeleton member is used as the horizontal skeleton member 22 and the second to fourth skeleton members are used as the vertical skeleton member 21.

The vertical frame member 21 is wrapped up and down so that the outermost second vertical frame member 21 is wrapped in a slender bag shape and connected to the outer curtain, and the third and fourth frame members can be deployed at 60 degrees. Soft connection 35.

The largest horizontal skeleton member 22 is softly connected 35 to the lateral central portion inside the smallest fourth vertical skeleton member 21.

Therefore, the horizontal skeleton member 22 is larger than any of the vertical skeleton members 21, so that when it is folded in parallel, the unconnected portion protrudes outside.

Next, the process for using the outer curtain 20 in a circular shape will be described.
The outer curtain is connected to the second outermost vertical skeleton member 21, and the free third and fourth skeleton members are expanded to approximately 60 degrees to form a substantially spherical body and fixed with a removable tape. The
Next, the largest horizontal skeleton member 22 that is softly connected to the 4th inner side is turned halfway and turned sideways to reinforce the sphere.

Accordingly, the largest horizontal skeleton member 22 antagonizes the force that the deformed vertical skeleton member 21 returns to the inside by deforming the vertical skeleton member 21 by expanding the central portion of the vertical skeleton member 21 from the inside. The outer curtain 20 increases the function of maintaining a substantially spherical shape.

The vertical skeleton member 21 and the horizontal skeleton member 22 are in different directions when the outer curtain 20 is enlarged, but when retracted, the four skeleton members are merged in the same direction and twisted into a figure 8 when overlapped. Can be folded in half and stored.

With the soft connection 35 described in the present invention, the connection point is not completely fixed, and each object is connected by being wrapped in a bag-like material or tied with a string, and the direction and distance are within a certain range. It is a connection method that can be moved.

The collapsible tsunami shelter 10 incorporates living parts that form the living space 0 below, but the living parts are explained in Figure 2.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the living part described in claims 1 and 3, wherein an elastic living part skeleton member 31 is provided in the outer curtain 20, and a fixing net member 32 is provided in the skeleton member. The outer part 33 of the storage part and the living part flooring 34 are connected, and the outer part 33 is further softly connected 35 to form the living part space 30.

The elastic living part skeleton member 31 is formed of a member having the same level as or stronger than the skeleton member of the outer curtain, and is independent inside the vertical skeleton member 21, and is a fixing net member. It has the function of keeping the end of 32 circular, and the function of assisting the circular shape of the vertical skeleton member 21, and is softly connected to the bottom of the outer curtain via the outer member 33 of the storage part. But it will not move upwards.

Details of the fixing net member 32 will be described with reference to FIG.

The outer part 33 of the living part (storage part) has a hemispherical shape along the inner side of the outer curtain 20, is formed of the same waterproof member as the outer curtain 20, and connects the upper part to the living part skeleton member 31. The bottom point is softly connected 35 to the outer curtain 20.

A partition is provided in the middle of the outer part 33 of the living part (storage part), and the upper part of the partition becomes the living part space where the evacuees sit, and the lower part becomes the storage.
A living space 30 (air mat) 34 is laid over the partition to complete the living space 30.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an image of a tsunami attacking, a refugee 51 boarding the folding tsunami shelter 10 and drifting on the sea surface 52.
The evacuees 51 sink their lower body in the mesh of the fixing net member 32 in the living space 30 and drift out with the upper half up, but at this time the small mesh becomes an armrest on which a hand can be placed, and a table on which objects are placed It also has the role of

The underwater resistance means 54 has a rod connected by a string from a living member, and becomes an all (movement assisting means) by connecting an oval flat plate to the tip of the rod. By connecting to the oar at an angle and hanging it underwater, it becomes the underwater resistance means 54.

This underwater resistance means 54 has the function of restricting the movement of the sphere due to the water resistance of the oval flat plate spreading in all directions when affected by the wind.

Fig. 4 is a foldable tsunami shelter whose upper part is a spherical skeleton from a substantially spherical skeleton member, and since it is complicated to fold, it is difficult to store after the rehearsal exercise. Not right.

FIG. 5 is a composition in which the horizontal skeleton member 22 of FIG. 1 which is a basic form is outside the outer curtain 20, and the horizontal skeleton member 22 is softly connected to the outermost vertical skeleton member 21 with the outer curtain interposed therebetween. It is a method of rotating after the outer curtain 20 sphere is completed and connecting it to the outer curtain with removable tape.
In addition to this, there are other methods including the vertical frame member 21 and the outer frame, or a method of integrating a part with the outer curtain.

FIG. 6 is a composition in which a plurality of the horizontal skeleton members 22 of FIG. 1 as a basic form are formed, and although the hardness as a sphere increases, the folding method after the construction and the rehearsal exercise is complicated and difficult. The

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram in which the lower part of the sphere is divided into four parts and spread in a plane, and a curved skeleton member 23 (good portion) that draws a figure 8 above and below a vertical skeleton member 21 (straight line between loro). The sphere structure was reinforced with a soft connection 35 and the sphere structure was reinforced with the horizontal skeleton member 22 in the center.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the fixing net member 32 shown in FIG. 2, and is completed by connecting the outer peripheral portion to the living portion skeleton member 31.

The fixing net member 32 has meshes (A, B, C) having different sizes and shapes, and the hexagonal mesh (A) in the center is located directly above the storage doorway. Used for taking in and out.

Six deformed hexagonal meshes (B) on the side are used as holes for evacuees to enter, and if they hold the small mesh ropes in (C), they maintain their posture from intense vibrations when the tsunami strikes I can

The composition of the net member 32 for fixing in FIG. 8 is an example among many, and various configurations are conceivable, and the illustrated method is not the only method.
In addition, the net member can be removed during calm drifting.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the opening / closing portion above the outer curtain 20. When the opening / closing position 42 is provided between the vertical skeleton members 21, an X opening surface appears, and one vertical skeleton member is shown. If the opening / closing position 42 is provided across 21, the opening surface of Y will appear and it can be used for various purposes.

In addition, by providing two chucks 41 for each opening / closing part, it is possible to cope with various weather conditions.

The opening and closing part is on the sea surface when drifting, so there is no danger of inundation and it should be able to prevent cold and wind. The double-sided operation type chuck 41 is easy to operate.

Also, the open / close position 42 (open / close range) shown in the figure is an example, and there are various other methods, both of which have both advantages and disadvantages.

FIG. 10 is an external view showing the folding tsunami shelter 10 being folded and stored. First, the housing members are folded and stored, and then the skeleton members are arranged in the same direction. Draw the figure 8 (with the outer curtain), fold it in half, halve the diameter, and store it in the outer bag 50.

In addition, the traction means and the reflection means described in claim 4 are persons who install a known technique such as a reflection tape, so the explanation is omitted.

10 Folding Tsunami Shelter 20 Outer Curtain 21 Vertical Skeleton Member 22 Horizontal Skeleton Member 23 Curved Skeleton Member 30 Living Part (Residence Part Space / Storage Part Space)
31 Housing part skeleton member 32 Net member for fixing 33 Outer member 34 of living part (housing part) Living part flooring (housing part ceiling)
35 Soft connection part 41 Opening / closing part chuck 42 Opening / closing position (opening / closing range)
50 Storage Bag 51 Evacuee 52 Sea Surface 53 Towing Means 54 Underwater Resistance Means B. Position of Curved Skeleton Member X / Y Opening A / B / C Net of Fixing Net Member

Claims (5)

A foldable tsunami shelter formed of an outer curtain to which an elastic skeleton member is connected,
The outer curtain is a substantially spherical or substantially spherical cone outer curtain having a predetermined volume and formed of a soft member,
The skeleton member is formed of a member having a predetermined hardness and elasticity, and can be folded in a small size. At least a part of the skeleton member is connected to the outer membrane to keep the outer membrane in a substantially spherical shape or a substantially spherical cone shape. A skeletal member that can
Inside the outer membrane, a living member that forms a living space is incorporated,
A foldable tsunami shelter in which an opening / closing part through which a person can go in and out is provided on the outer membrane. The skeleton member is composed of a horizontal skeleton member and a vertical skeleton member, or a horizontal skeleton member and a curved skeleton member, and is located inside the outer curtain, outside the outer curtain, or at least a part of the outer curtain. The collapsible tsunami shelter according to claim 1, which is integrated. The foldable tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein the living member is composed of an elastic living part skeleton member, a fixing net member, and a storage member to form the living part space. The folding tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein the folding tsunami shelter is provided with an underwater resistance means or a movement assisting member. 5. The foldable tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein a pulling means or a reflecting means is attached to the foldable tsunami shelter.

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