WO2013073060A1 - Emergency shelter - Google Patents

Emergency shelter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013073060A1
WO2013073060A1 PCT/JP2011/076737 JP2011076737W WO2013073060A1 WO 2013073060 A1 WO2013073060 A1 WO 2013073060A1 JP 2011076737 W JP2011076737 W JP 2011076737W WO 2013073060 A1 WO2013073060 A1 WO 2013073060A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shelter
air
disaster prevention
cylinder chamber
evacuation space
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/076737
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田中 昭次
Original Assignee
コスモパワー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by コスモパワー株式会社 filed Critical コスモパワー株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2011/076737 priority Critical patent/WO2013073060A1/en
Priority to JP2013544080A priority patent/JP5671718B2/en
Publication of WO2013073060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013073060A1/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/028Earthquake withstanding shelters
    • E04H9/029Earthquake withstanding shelters arranged inside of buildings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a disaster prevention shelter for evacuating in order to ensure the safety of human lives in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, landslide, tsunami, or flood.
  • Patent Literature 1 is known as an earthquake shelter (disaster prevention shelter).
  • the earthquake shelter includes a steel pipe frame member, a joint having a guide pipe portion into which an end of the frame member is fitted, and a steel plate reinforcing plate attached to the joint to give seismic strength
  • the fixing means for fixing the frame material to the joint is composed of an assembly structure as a framework.
  • the earthquake shelter is made of a metal frame structure, so that it has strength to prevent it from being crushed by a collapsed house at the time of an earthquake, and can be temporarily used as an evacuation site.
  • a tsunami disaster prevention shelter described in Patent Document 2 is known as a disaster prevention shelter developed for tsunami.
  • This tsunami disaster prevention shelter was made by arc welding 26 steel plates of 18 square steel plates with a side of 80 cm and 8 equilateral triangular steel plates with a side of 80 cm. Shelter formed on the body.
  • JP-A-8-218673 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 15) JP 2006-46049 A (Claims, FIGS. 1 to 5)
  • the shelter for earthquake as described in Patent Document 1 can be assembled and disassembled and has seismic strength, it has a large number of metal frame members, metal joints, iron plate reinforcing plates and fixing means. Since the structure is formed, there are many components, the structure is complicated, the whole weight is heavy, and it cannot be used for flood damage such as tsunami. That is, since the earthquake shelter of Patent Document 1 is mainly composed of a metal frame and a protective plate, it is excellent for earthquakes, but is submerged in the event of flood damage such as flooding. Cannot be used for water damage such as tsunami.
  • the tsunami disaster prevention shelter of Patent Document 2 is balanced by arranging three centroid weights at the center of the bottom with a side of 80 cm, the shape is a regular octagon when viewed from the front, Since it is formed in a vertically long rectangle when viewed from the side, it is easy to receive resistance when it receives a large wave during river flooding or tsunami, or when an obstacle such as debris flow or debris collides, The shape is easy to fall out of balance. For this reason, even when it receives a large wave or when an obstacle collides, it can maintain a more stable and flat state, and can be used for all kinds of disasters. Shelter was requested.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention shelter that can be used for evacuation in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake or flood.
  • a disaster prevention shelter is a disaster prevention shelter having an evacuation space inside, a resin-made shelter body forming the evacuation space, and opening and closing to the shelter body It is characterized by comprising a freely arranged entrance / exit, a leg portion fixed to the lower part of the outer periphery of the shelter body, and a balancer arranged on the leg portion and having a center of gravity positioned downward.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention has the legs fixed to the shelter body, so the stability at the time of installation is improved, it does not easily fall over due to shaking due to an earthquake, and it is washed away even in the event of a flood or debris flow. Because it is difficult, many lives can be saved.
  • fixing the legs to the lower part of the outer periphery of the shelter body it is possible to improve the stability by suppressing inadvertent posture change of the shelter body when floating due to flooding or debris flow.
  • the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention when a large earthquake or a large tsunami occurs, the refugee opens the door member of the disaster prevention shelter and enters the evacuation space from the entrance and exit, so that the inside of the shelter body You can evacuate and protect your body.
  • the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention has a balancer disposed in the leg portion, so that the position of the center of gravity is lowered and the stability at the time of floating is improved.
  • the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention can be useful as disaster prevention equipment and evacuation equipment that can save many lives in the event of any disaster.
  • the leg portion has a weight material storage space formed inside with a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the balancer is stored in the weight material storage space.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can have a legged cylindrical shape, thereby suppressing rotation in the vertical direction when floating and maintaining a stable posture, thereby improving the comfortability.
  • the cylindrical leg portion can be received and relieved by an impact caused by flooding, debris flow, tsunami, etc., and thus it is difficult to flow even during floods, and damage to the shelter body can be prevented.
  • the shelter main body is formed of a hollow sphere, an inner bottom portion formed in a concave shape, and a lid body that is placed on a peripheral edge portion of the inner bottom portion and closes the portion formed in the concave shape,
  • a weight material storage chamber formed in a hollow shape with the weight material storage chamber.
  • the weight material storage chamber stores a weight material for lowering the position of the center of gravity, and the upper part of the weight material storage chamber stores equipment. It is preferable that a floor plate that forms a floor surface of the evacuation space through a chamber and a storage lid that opens and closes the equipment storage chamber are provided.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can further improve the stability by providing the balancer function by storing the weight material in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention can improve comfortability and can spend comfortably also in long-term evacuation life by providing the equipment storage room in the shelter main body.
  • an upper end is fixed to the ceiling portion of the shelter main body, and a lower end penetrates the floor surface of the evacuation space and is fixed to the lid or the inner bottom.
  • a support bar that is pivotally supported by the support column and has a distal end portion that can be engaged with and detached from an engagement portion formed on the evacuation space side of the door member. And are preferably arranged.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can support the shelter body and improve the strength by having the support.
  • the evacuees can suppress the movement of the body by grasping the shelter body.
  • the support bar has a base bar pivotally supported by the support column and a distal end disposed in an engagement groove formed in the engagement portion so as to be engageable / detachable; A locking portion formed at a tip portion of the support bar and having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the support bar, and the engagement portion rotates about a shaft support portion of the support bar It is preferable to have a door tightening surface formed with an enlarged diameter with respect to a turning trajectory having a radius of the support bar.
  • the support bar causes the locking member to slide into engagement with the engaging portion so as to be in sliding contact with the door fastening surface formed in the engaging portion of the door member. Can be drawn to the evacuation space side and closed in a sealed state. For this reason, rainwater, water, seawater, and air can be completely blocked from entering the evacuation space from the periphery of the door member to achieve a watertight state.
  • the support column is formed in a hollow shape and communicates with the atmosphere, and is provided at the air intake port, and is an air intake reverse block that prevents air flowing from the inside of the support column body toward the atmosphere.
  • An air supply check valve that is provided at the air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the cylinder chamber, and the piston / cylinder mechanism is configured so that the piston moves forward and backward. It is preferable that the air is supplied into the evacuation space from the air supply port after the air is taken into the cylinder chamber from the air intake.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention can suck air in the atmosphere with the suction force of the piston and drive it into the evacuation space by driving the piston cylinder mechanism provided on the support column. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the evacuation space from becoming deficient.
  • the support column has a water cylinder chamber that communicates with the sea or water when the disaster prevention shelter is placed on the sea or water, and the piston is placed on the top thereof.
  • the air rises and falls due to the wave of water, takes air in the atmosphere into the cylinder chamber from the air intake, and discharges it into the evacuation space from the air supply port.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention sucks air in the atmosphere with the suction force of Biston by driving the piston cylinder mechanism provided on the column up and down by the wave of seawater or the wave of water. It can be supplied into the evacuation space. For this reason, in the evacuation space, when there is a wave of seawater or a wave of water, the natural energy can be automatically exchanged with the air in the evacuation space.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism since the piston cylinder mechanism uses the force of seawater and water waves, it can be driven without using a special energy source such as electric power or fuel when the shelter for disaster prevention is swept over the sea. Therefore, it can be used particularly effectively as a means for forcibly driving the piston cylinder mechanism.
  • the support column is formed in a hollow shape and has a tubular support column main body having an air discharge port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper portion thereof, and air that is provided in the air discharge port and flows inward from the atmosphere into the support column main body.
  • a first check valve that prevents movement, a first piston that is movably disposed in the column body, and divides the column body into a first air cylinder chamber and a second air cylinder chamber, and the first piston
  • a piston shaft having one end connected to the main body, and a movably provided in the column main body. The piston shaft is connected to the other end of the piston shaft and advances and retreats together with the first piston.
  • a valve a second air supply port that discharges air in the third cylinder chamber to the evacuation space, and air that is provided in the second air supply port and flows from the evacuation space toward the third air cylinder chamber
  • a first air intake pipe having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a first communication port communicating with the second air cylinder chamber at the lower end portion. And provided at the first air intake.
  • a first one-way valve for preventing the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe in conjunction with the closing of the first check valve, and a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end.
  • a second air intake pipe having a second communication port communicating with the third air cylinder chamber at a lower end portion, and a second air intake port provided in conjunction with opening of the first check valve.
  • a second one-way valve for preventing the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe wherein the water cylinder chamber communicates with seawater or water in which the shelter body floats, and the second piston is It is preferable to advance and retreat by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
  • the disaster prevention shelter has the second piston arranged in the support column when the disaster prevention shelter is swept over the sea or water by moving back and forth by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
  • the air in the atmosphere can be taken in and supplied into the evacuation space by the suction force accompanying the driving of the piston, and the air in the evacuation space can be sucked and discharged into the atmosphere. For this reason, the air in the evacuation space can be automatically ventilated by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
  • the valve body of the first check valve includes a connecting member that is connected to and interlocked with the valve body of the first one-way valve and the valve body of the second one-way valve, and the first reverse valve
  • the valve body of the first check valve closes, the valve body of the first one-way valve opens, the valve body of the second one-way valve closes, and the stop valve
  • the valve body of the one check valve is opened, the valve body of the first one-way valve is closed and the valve body of the second one-way valve is opened.
  • the first one-way valve when the first check valve is closed, the first one-way valve can be opened and closed so that the second one-way valve is closed.
  • the air can be taken in by alternately interlocking the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve with respect to the opening and closing of the valve.
  • a handle for moving the piston up and down is disposed on the support column, and the piston is raised and lowered by the vertical movement of the handle or the rotation of the handle, and the piston is moved from the air intake to the cylinder chamber. It is preferable that air in the atmosphere is taken in and discharged from the air supply port into the evacuation space.
  • the refugee moves the piston up and down by operating the handle disposed on the support column, takes air in the atmosphere from the air intake into the cylinder chamber, and further, the air is taken into the evacuation space. Therefore, the air in the evacuation space can be manually forced-ventilated. As a result, it is possible to prevent the evacuation space from becoming deficient.
  • the strut is formed in a hollow shape and has a tubular strut body having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper portion thereof, and is provided in the first air intake port.
  • a first check valve that blocks air flowing to the piston, a piston that is movably disposed in the column body, and divides the column body into a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber, and one end of the piston.
  • a connected piston shaft a handle that is movable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the column main body, a handle that is connected to the other end of the piston shaft and moves the piston back and forth, and air in the first cylinder chamber
  • a first air supply port that discharges into the evacuation space; a second check valve that is provided in the first air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the first cylinder chamber;
  • a second air supply port that discharges air in the second cylinder chamber to the evacuation space; and a third air port that is provided in the second air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the second cylinder chamber.
  • a check valve an air intake pipe having a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper end portion and a communication port communicating with the second cylinder chamber at a lower end portion; and the air intake tube, A fourth check valve for blocking air flowing from the second cylinder chamber to the inside of the air intake pipe, and the piston is interlocked by operating the handle, and the first air intake and the After the atmosphere is taken into the first cylinder chamber and the second cylinder chamber from the second air intake port, the atmosphere is supplied into the evacuation space from the first air supply port and the second air supply port. Is preferred.
  • the piston is interlocked by operating the handle, and after the air is taken into the first cylinder chamber and the second cylinder chamber from the first air intake port and the second air intake port, the first air supply is performed. Since air in the atmosphere can be supplied into the evacuation space from the mouth and the second air supply port, the air in the evacuation space can be manually forced-ventilated.
  • an air intake opening / closing valve that opens and closes the first air intake opening is disposed at the first air intake opening, and a valve body of the air intake opening / closing valve is disposed in the evacuation space. It is preferable that it is connected to the member by a connecting member.
  • the refugee operates the operating member disposed in the evacuation space to drive and open the valve body of the air intake opening / closing valve without leaving the disaster prevention shelter.
  • Valve can be closed.
  • the air intake opening / closing valve can be opened / closed from the evacuation space, so that it can be used particularly effectively.
  • the support column is covered with a support column extending in the vertical direction along the support column.
  • the support column is covered with the support column cover, so that the impact force can be buffered when the evacuee collides with the support column.
  • the shelter main body is provided with a ventilation port that communicates with the inside of the evacuation space and the atmosphere and through which the air within the evacuation space is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the shelter main body can ventilate the air by discharging the air in the evacuation space into the atmosphere because the ventilation opening is formed.
  • the shelter body is provided with an air port communicating with the inside of the evacuation space and the atmosphere, and an air hose for the evacuee in the evacuation space to suck the air is provided at the air port. It is preferable that it is attached.
  • the evacuee can suck the outside hose by sucking the intake hose.
  • an oxygen cylinder having an oxygen inhaler is installed in the equipment storage chamber.
  • the oxygen inhaler when the oxygen storage cylinder is installed in the equipment storage chamber, when the evacuation space is deficient in oxygen, the oxygen inhaler is applied to the mouth and sucked. Oxygen in the cylinder can be sucked.
  • the upper end portion of the support column is provided with a hook for hooking a crane that is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body and is used when the shelter body is pulled up.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can be easily lifted by the crane because the crane hook is provided at the upper end of the support column. For this reason, when carrying out the shelter for disaster prevention with a truck etc. or loading / unloading, it is easy to work with a crane. Moreover, the hook can be firmly fixed to the disaster prevention shelter by being provided at the upper end portion of the support column.
  • the shelter body or the leg portion is detachably fixed to the ship.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can be used as an evacuation ship.
  • the shelter body includes a transparent resin window, the marine vessel steering handle disposed on the evacuation space side, and the evacuation space.
  • Steering angle transmission means for transmitting to the rudder provided on the ship, the steering angle transmission means disposed on the shelter body, and the steering angle transmission means disposed on the ship.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can be used as a ship's steering room in the shelter body, so that the disaster prevention shelter can be used as a ship's steering room in normal times.
  • the disaster prevention shelter on the ship can be used as an evacuation ship or a floating life-saving capsule floating on the water surface.
  • a wiring connection box is provided in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body to house and arrange a connector portion that can connect and separate the intermediate portion of the electric signal transmission means.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can easily connect and separate the intermediate portion of the electric signal transmission means by having the wiring connection box that houses and arranges the connector portion in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body. It can be easily installed and removed from the ship and connected to the electrical system.
  • a mechanism connection portion storage box for storing and arranging a turning angle transmission connection portion capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion of the turning angle transmission means is provided in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body.
  • the disaster prevention shelter includes the mechanism connection portion storage box that stores and arranges the turning angle transmission connection portion in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body, so that the intermediate portion of the turning angle transmission means is provided. Can be easily connected and disconnected. For this reason, the shelter for disaster prevention can be installed on the ship or removed, and can be easily installed and removed.
  • the inner wall portion of the shelter body is provided with a strap for evacuees to grip.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with the hanging leather on the inner wall portion of the shelter body, when the shelter for disaster prevention is shaken, the evacuees can be gripped by the hanging leather.
  • a seat belt for restraining an evacuee to the shelter body is provided on the inner wall surface of the shelter body.
  • the disaster prevention shelter can protect the body by restraining the evacuees to the shelter body when the shelter for disaster prevention is shaken by providing the seat belt on the inner wall surface of the shelter body. it can.
  • a GPS chip is provided in the shelter body.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with a GPS chip in the shelter body, and is evacuated to the shelter for disaster prevention in the event of a disaster, and rescues by oscillating the position of the evacuation place to the outside Can be requested.
  • the shelter body is provided with an SOS notification device made of a light emitting diode.
  • the disaster prevention shelter is provided with an SOS alarm device composed of light-emitting diodes in the shelter body, so that it is illuminated to indicate that it is evacuating in the disaster prevention shelter, and the rescue is in a remote place
  • SOS alarm device composed of light-emitting diodes in the shelter body, so that it is illuminated to indicate that it is evacuating in the disaster prevention shelter, and the rescue is in a remote place
  • the shelter body is preferably provided with an openable / closable viewing window.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with an openable / closable observation window in the shelter body, so that the outside can be seen from the observation window, the inside of the evacuation space is ventilated, and sunlight is emitted. It can also be taken in and filth etc. can be taken out from the viewing window.
  • the outer peripheral surface side of the shelter body is made of cellular concrete
  • the evacuation space side is made of resin from the cellular concrete.
  • the shelter for disaster prevention can improve fire resistance and heat resistance because the outer peripheral surface side of the shelter body is formed of cellular concrete, and thus can cope with fire. For example, when a house fires, it is possible to protect the evacuees from fire, gas, falling building materials, etc. by escaping into the disaster prevention shelter.
  • the shelter body is preferably formed of a material containing at least an aramid fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the shelter main body is formed of a material containing an aramid fiber reinforced plastic, for example, the shelter main body can be made strong enough not to penetrate a pistol ball. Protecting against building materials, rubble, rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, pistol balls, etc. by escaping, making it useful as a small shelter for evacuation, disaster prevention equipment, disaster capsules and evacuation equipment for any disaster or crime prevention Can do.
  • an outer peripheral portion of the shelter main body is provided with a display portion displaying the owner name of the shelter for disaster prevention or SOS.
  • the disaster prevention shelter is provided with the display unit displaying the name of the disaster prevention shelter or the SOS on the outer periphery of the shelter body, so that the SOS is displayed toward the outside, You can display who is evacuating.
  • a disaster prevention shelter that can be used for evacuation in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake or flood.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows the door member which opens and closes an entrance / exit. It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is principal part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the peripheral part of the door member which opens and closes an entrance / exit.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged front view which shows the state which looked at the door member from the space for evacuation. It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the shape of the door fastening surface of a door member. It is a principal part schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the locking mechanism which locks the door member of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention from an inner side. It is a principal part schematic perspective view which shows an example of the lock mechanism which locks the door member of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention from inner side.
  • FIG. 1 It is a principal part schematic perspective view which shows an example of the air port of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general
  • FIG. 10 is a view showing a second modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a piston cylinder mechanism provided on a support column. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 3rd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 5th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view showing a sixth modified example of the shelter for disaster prevention according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a main part showing a fixed state between the shelter body and the hull.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 is an evacuation device (shelter for protecting refugees and evacuating refugees in the event of any disaster such as a large earthquake, tsunami, flood, landslide, or fire. ).
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 protects the evacuees from underlaying and crushing fallen objects such as roofs, building materials, earth and sand, and debris that have collapsed.
  • This is a disaster evacuation device (shelter) that can also be used as a capsule evacuation shelter for emergencies in the event of floods.
  • the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is made of a large, substantially spherical shape with a hollow inside.
  • the shelter 1 for disaster prevention includes an evacuation space R1, an equipment storage room R2, a weight material storage room R3, a viewing window 11, an entrance 12, an air port 15, an air port hatch 17, and a door member, which will be described later. 8, a shelter body 2, a balancer 3, a gripping part 13, a hinge member 14, a leg part 4, a column 5, a weight member 6, a floor surface 7, and an SOS notification device 9. ing.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 includes, for example, an entrance 12, a door member 8, and a grip 13 on the side surface, and a viewing window 11, an air port 15, an air port hatch 17, a crane lifting hook 16, and a GPS chip 91 on the upper side.
  • the equipment storage room R2, the weight material storage room R3, the balancer 3, the leg part 4, the weight material 6, the floor surface 7 and the like are provided in the lower part and are formed in a substantially spherical shape.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 is, for example, a dome-shaped personal protective body having a diameter of about 1000 mm (for 1 person) to 2500 mm (for 25 persons), and can be deployed indoors, outdoors, and underground. Is formed.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 includes emergency evacuation shelters for floods such as river floods, debris flows, tsunamis and ship accidents, disaster prevention facilities such as major earthquakes, landslides, fires, and sediment disasters. It can also be used as an underground shelter.
  • floods such as river floods, debris flows, tsunamis and ship accidents
  • disaster prevention facilities such as major earthquakes, landslides, fires, and sediment disasters. It can also be used as an underground shelter.
  • the case where it uses indoors and outdoors at the time of a big earthquake is mentioned as an example, and it demonstrates as an example.
  • water damage such as tsunami and flood
  • when used on a ship when a fire breaks out, when used for crime prevention, etc. will be described in the following modification.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 is a shelter in which an evacuee enters the disaster prevention shelter 1 and evacuates immediately when an earthquake occurs (or when a pre-earthquake occurs or when an emergency earthquake warning device is notified). It is placed in advance in an appropriate place where it is possible to escape immediately such as an indoor floor surface or a corner of the garden. In addition, disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed in places (indoors and outdoors) where there is a risk of landslides, landslides, or falling objects falling overhead when an earthquake, fire, or other disaster occurs. It is desirable to keep it.
  • the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is demonstrated in the modification mentioned later, since it forms so that it may float on water, you may arrange
  • the shelter 1 for disaster prevention has a generally spherical shape and is compact so that it has a strong impact force against falling structures, rocks, water, etc. in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake, landslide, flood damage, or fire.
  • it has a hollow sphere shape suitable to withstand external pressure, heat, and fire.
  • the evacuation space R1 is a space on the floor surface 7 inside the disaster prevention shelter 1, and an emergency evacuation is performed when the refugee is in an earthquake, a landslide, a tsunami, or the like.
  • the evacuation space R1 is composed of a substantially spherical inner space formed by the shelter body 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a weight material storage chamber R3, an equipment storage chamber R2, and a balancer 3 are mainly provided below the evacuation space R1.
  • the weight material storage chamber R ⁇ b> 3 is a space for storing the weight material 6, and is formed in the inner bottom portion 2 c in the shelter body 2.
  • the weight material storage chamber R3 includes an inner bottom portion 2c formed in a concave shape on the shelter body 2, and a lid body 31 that is placed on the peripheral edge of the inner bottom portion 2c and closes a portion formed in a concave shape. It is formed in a hollow shape.
  • the weight member 6 is a balancer weight for lowering the center of gravity and the position of the shelter body 2 for balance, and has a smaller specific gravity than sand, gravel, crushed stone, earth, metal pieces, granular metal, or water. It consists of things.
  • the weight material 6 is filled in the weight material storage chamber R3 and the weight material storage space 41, respectively.
  • the lid body 31 is made of a disk-shaped resin flat plate member that closes the inner bottom portion 2c, and is placed in a state where the peripheral edge is in pressure contact with the inner wall portion 2b of the shelter body 2 to constitute an upper lid of the weight material storage chamber R3. is doing.
  • the peripheral edge of the lid 31 is fixed to the inner wall 2b with an adhesive, for example.
  • a support column 5 is erected on the upper surface of the lid 31 at the center.
  • the equipment storage room R ⁇ b> 2 is a space for storing equipment, and is formed under the floor surface 7 on which a refugee who evacuates in the disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed.
  • the equipment storage chamber R ⁇ b> 2 is arranged above the upper surface of the lid body 31, the inner wall 2 b near the inner bottom 2 c of the shelter body 2, and the upper surface of the lid body 31 through a predetermined interval. It is mainly formed from a floor plate 71 and a storage lid 72 that close the storage chamber R2, and a space 74 between the floor plate 71 and the storage lid 72 and the lid body 31.
  • the equipment is equipment for emergency evacuation, for example, emergency supplies such as drinking water, flashlight, radio, dry battery, stored food, portable oxygen, medical supplies, portable toilets, and ropes.
  • emergency supplies such as drinking water, flashlight, radio, dry battery, stored food, portable oxygen, medical supplies, portable toilets, and ropes.
  • the equipment is, for example, put together in a bag and stored in the equipment storage room R2.
  • the floor surface 7 is a member that forms the bottom surface of the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 and that forms the top surface of the weight material storage chamber R ⁇ b> 3 in the shelter body 2.
  • the floor surface 7 is provided with a floor plate 71, a storage lid 72, a storage lid hinge 73, a floor surface support portion 2 h, and a column 5 which will be described later.
  • a carpet or the like may be laid on the floor surface 7.
  • the floor plate 71 is a plate member that forms the floor surface 7 of the evacuation space R1, and is placed on the floor surface support portion 2h.
  • a column 5 is suspended from the center of the floor plate 71.
  • the storage lid 72 is a plate member for opening and closing the equipment storage chamber R ⁇ b> 2, and is rotatably connected to the floor plate 71 by a storage lid hinge 73.
  • the storage lid 72 is placed on the floor support portion 2 h and also functions as the floor board 71.
  • a plurality of storage lid hinges 73 are provided across the floor plate 71 and the storage lid 72.
  • the space 74 is an under-floor space that forms the equipment storage chamber R2, and is formed by the floor plate 71, the storage lid 72, the lid body 31, and the inner wall portion 2b.
  • the balancer 3 is configured so that the support column 5 in the shelter body 2 is in a vertical and stable state when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is shaken by an external force or wave on the ground and the water surface. It is a member that serves as a weight (balancer weight) for lowering the center of gravity of the main body 2 below the center C1.
  • the balancer 3 includes a weight material 6 accommodated in the weight material storage chamber R3, a leg portion 4 fixed to the outer bottom portion 2d of the shelter body 2, and a weight material 6 accommodated in the leg portion 4. Become.
  • the leg 4 has the role of the balancer weight as the balancer 3 for regulating and stabilizing the shake when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed indoors, on the ground or on the water surface, and the spherical disaster prevention shelter 1. It is a member that fulfills the role of a pedestal for placing it stably on the ground.
  • the leg 4 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape having a bottom and having a weight material storage space 41, and is made of a synthetic resin or a metal material.
  • the leg portion 40 is formed, for example, in the shape of a bottomed cylindrical body that is circular in plan view and rectangular in side view, and the upper portion 4a is fixed to the outer bottom portion 2d of the shelter body 2 with a key or an adhesive. Has been.
  • the weight material storage space 41 is filled with the weight material 6.
  • the leg portion 40 may be other than a circle in plan view.
  • the leg portion 40 may be formed long in the front-rear direction or the like in plan view in order to suppress rotation on the water surface.
  • the leg portion may be entirely formed of a member having a specific gravity heavier than water (for example, metal or the like) and may not have the weight material storage space 41 and the weight material 6.
  • the support column 5 is a bar-shaped member that is used by a refugee evacuating in the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 when the shelter body 2 is shaken, and is a large black column that supports the shelter body 2. Also plays a role.
  • the column 5 has an upper end fixed to the ceiling 2e of the shelter body 2 and a lower end passing through the floor 7 of the evacuation space R1 and fixed to the upper surface of the lid 31 or the inner bottom 2c. Is provided.
  • the column 5 is mainly formed by a column main body 51 made of an iron rod-like member having an outer diameter of about 30 mm or a steel pipe.
  • the column main body 51 is provided with a shaft support portion 54 that rotatably supports a support bar 52 that is provided at the center portion and has a locking portion 53, and a collar 55 that is fitted in a through hole formed in a lower floor plate 71. And a column support plate material 56 that is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lid 31 and holds the lower end of the column 5, and a column upper end holding unit 57 that is provided at the center of the ceiling portion 2 e and holds the upper end of the column 5. Yes.
  • the support bar 52 is a bar-shaped member for pulling the door member 8 toward the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 and closing the door member 8 at the doorway 12 in a watertight state.
  • the support bar 52 has a base end portion pivotally supported by a shaft support portion 54 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction with respect to the column 5, and a locking portion 53 fixed to the tip end portion is an evacuation space for the door member 8.
  • the engaging portion 81 is engaged with the engaging groove 82 of the engaging portion 81 formed on the R1 side.
  • the locking portion 53 is a member that is slidably in contact with the door fastening surface 83 at the left and right edges of the engaging groove 82, and is formed of a member in which at least a portion that is in sliding contact with the door fastening surface 83 is formed in a curved shape.
  • locking part 53 consists of a spherical body formed in the front-end
  • the locking portion 53 can pull the door member 8 toward the evacuation space R1 side by a distance L (about 15 mm) when the door fastening surface 83 in the engaging portion 81 is slid.
  • the shaft support portion 54 includes a cylindrical portion 54 a that is externally fitted to the column main body 51 and bolted, a protruding piece 54 b that protrudes from the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 54 a, and a support bar 52 that protrudes from the protruding piece 54 b. And a shaft pin 54c for supporting the shaft.
  • the collar 55 is made of a cylindrical member made of resin or metal.
  • the strut receiving plate material 56 is formed of a thick disk-shaped member having a recess in which a lower end portion is fitted into the strut body 51 at the center.
  • the column upper end holding portion 57 is a thick metal plate having a recess into which the upper end portion of the column main body 51 is fitted, and a hook 16 for hanging the crane on the upper end. 2e.
  • the shelter body 2 is a member that forms the main body of the disaster prevention shelter 1 and the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 and is a hollow sphere made of synthetic resin.
  • the shelter body 2 includes an entrance / exit 12 formed in the shelter body 2, a door member 8 that opens and closes the entrance / exit 12, a balancer 3 provided at a lower part 2 g of the shelter body 2, and a lower part 2 g on the outer periphery of the shelter body 2.
  • the shelter body 2 includes, for example, an outer layer member 21 that forms the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body 2, and a buffer material 22 that is fixed to the surface of the outer layer member 21 on the evacuation space R1 side and forms the inner wall surface of the shelter body 2. , Is formed.
  • the outer layer member 21 is, for example, a reinforcing member formed in a multilayer structure in which a plurality of synthetic resins are laminated, and forms the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2.
  • the outer layer member 21 is made of a composite laminated material laminated with, for example, FRP resin, roving cloth, core layer, glass fiber, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) resin or the like.
  • the surface of the outer layer member 21 may be covered with a coating material to further improve the strength.
  • the FRP resin that constitutes the outer layer member 21 is a so-called reinforced plastic, which is a synthetic resin that has a higher specific strength than a metal material, is lightweight, and has excellent heat resistance, flame resistance, and corrosion resistance. For this reason, the shelter body 2 formed by the outer layer member 21 is strong against impact, and can be made into the disaster prevention shelter 1 having a structure that is hard to break, hard to break, hard to deform, and does not rot.
  • the roving cloth is a woven fabric woven by plain weaving warps and wefts using rovings, and has strength in the machine direction and the transverse direction, similar to a glass cloth.
  • the core layer is a core material formed by laminating a plurality of thin synthetic resin materials such as plastic and carbon graphite.
  • the glass fiber is a material obtained by melting and pulling glass into a very thin fiber shape, and is a member for improving impact resistance, heat resistance, strength, and weight reduction of the laminated outer layer member 21.
  • the coating material is made of a paint that covers the outer peripheral surface 2f of the shelter body 2, and is called gel coat coating or gel coat coating.
  • the surface of the outer wall portion 2a of the outer layer member 21 is coated with a coating material so that the unevenness of the outer wall portion 2a is eliminated and the surface is glossy and beautiful. Further, the outer wall portion 2a is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays and the outer wall portion 2a is scratched. Also fulfills the function of preventing.
  • the surface color of the outer layer member 21 is preferably a conspicuous color such as a fluorescent color that is easy to find even from a distance.
  • the cushioning material 22 is an interior member that is fixed to the entire inner surface of the outer layer member 21 of the outer wall portion 2a and forms the inner wall portion 2b.
  • the cushioning material 22 is soft and has cushioning properties that absorb shocks, and high heat and low temperature are evacuation spaces R1. It consists of foamed polystyrene, urethane, resin corrugated cardboard, and the like, which are materials excellent in heat insulation properties that block transmission to the surface.
  • the buffer material 22 is made of, for example, a thick plate-shaped impact absorbing material having a thickness of about 10 mm.
  • the cushioning material 22 also functions as a heat insulating material, it can be used as an evacuation device for an avalanche while protecting the refugee from the cold in winter, in cold regions, and on water.
  • the entrance / exit 12 is an entrance / exit for an evacuee to enter / exit into the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 in the disaster prevention shelter 1, and is opened / closed by a door member 8 described later.
  • the entrance / exit 12 includes, for example, a hole formed in a circular shape at one location on the side surface portion of the shelter body 2, and has a stepped portion 12 a that is formed in an annular notch on the inner peripheral edge of the entrance / exit 12. .
  • the stepped portion 12 a is formed in a substantially L-shaped notch when viewed in cross section, and is provided in the notched portion 8 b of the peripheral edge portion 8 a of the door member 8 when the door member 8 is closed.
  • the sealing material S is pressed into a compressed state and the entrance 12 is sealed to make it completely waterproof.
  • the door member 8 is securely sealed by engaging the engaging portion 81 of the support bar 52 with the engaging portion 81 of the engaging member 80 described later provided on the door member 8. Can be.
  • the stepped portion 12a is formed with an annular groove 12b into which the seal material S is fitted with an adhesive in a state where the seal material S is half exposed.
  • the annular groove 12b is a groove in which an annular sealing material S made of, for example, an O-ring or a rubber tube is mounted.
  • a reinforcing member 12c formed of FRP resin is provided on the engagement member 80 disposed on the escape space R1 side of the notch 8b of the door member 8. It arrange
  • the door member 8 is an opening / closing body (hatch) capable of closing the doorway 12 in a sealed state so that water does not enter.
  • the door 12 can be locked and unlocked in a state where the doorway 12 is sealed in a watertight state.
  • the door member 8 includes a circular opening / closing plate member 8c, a notch 8b formed at the periphery of the opening / closing plate member 8c, an engagement member 80 provided at the center of the opening / closing plate member 8c, and an opening / closing plate member 16c.
  • a handle 8f provided on the outer side, a lock mechanism 19 for locking the door member 8 in a closed state, and a hinge member 14 are provided.
  • the door member 8 is a door hatch that can protect the shelter 1 for disaster prevention from water, rainwater, seawater and obstacles by sealing the doorway 12.
  • the peripheral edge portion 8a is an inner peripheral edge portion of the opening / closing plate member 8c and is fitted into the entrance / exit 12 of the disaster prevention shelter 1 when the door member 8 is closed.
  • the notch portion 8b is formed on the evacuation space R1 side of the peripheral edge portion 8a, and is formed at a position facing the step portion 12a when the door member 8 is closed.
  • the opening / closing plate member 8c is, for example, a resin thick plate member that closes the entrance / exit 12 so as to cover from the outside of the shelter body 2, and is pivotally supported around a hinge member 14 described later.
  • the handle 8f is a knob for holding by the hand when the opening / closing plate member 8c is rotated, and is disposed at a position near the lock mechanism 19 provided in the opening / closing plate member 8c.
  • the handle 8f is made of, for example, a rope-like member made of vinyl or soft resin formed in a semicircular or U-shape with respect to the opening / closing plate member 8c.
  • the hinge member 14 is a connecting member for rotating the opening / closing plate member 8 c so as to be openable and closable with respect to the shelter body 2, and from a hinge disposed at a position opposite to the lock mechanism 19.
  • the hinge member 14 is fixed to the shelter body 2 and has a first hinge piece 14a having a shaft rod insertion tube, a second hinge piece 14b fixed to the opening / closing plate member 8c and having a shaft rod insertion tube, and a first hinge.
  • the shaft rod member 14c is inserted into the shaft rod insertion tube of the piece 14a and the shaft rod insertion tube of the second hinge piece 14b and is rotatably connected.
  • the engaging member 80 is a member that engages with the distal end portion of the support bar 52 and the engaging portion 53, and the center of the door member 8 on the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 side. Installed in the department.
  • the engaging member 80 is made of a metal plate or synthetic resin in which an engaging portion 81, an engaging groove 82, a door fastening surface 83, and an extending portion 84, which will be described later, are integrally formed.
  • the engaging portion 81 is a pocket-shaped portion in which the spherical locking portion 53 is stored and removed, and is formed in a substantially U shape in plan view.
  • the engaging groove 82 is a groove that is notched from the upper center portion of the front surface of the engaging portion 81 toward the bottom, and into which the distal end portion of the support bar 52 is inserted.
  • the engaging portion 81 is formed in a substantially V-shape, and a guide portion 82a for guiding the support bar 52 so as to automatically move to the center portion of the engaging portion 81, and a lower portion from the lower end of the guide portion 82a.
  • a holding groove 82b formed so as to be gradually narrowed toward the side.
  • the door tightening surface 83 is a sliding surface with which the locking portion 53 inserted into the engaging portion 81 comes into sliding contact, and is an outer peripheral edge portion of the engaging groove 82.
  • the door tightening surface 83 is a slope formed by expanding the diameter relative to a rotation locus having a radius of the support bar 52 that rotates about the shaft support portion 54 of the support bar 52.
  • the door fastening surface 83 includes a gentle slope 83a formed on the upper side of the engaging portion 81, and a steep slope 83b continuously formed on the lower side of the gentle slope 83a. As shown in FIGS.
  • the extended portion 84 is a reinforcing member that extends from the lower end portion of the engaging portion 81 to the peripheral edge portion 8 a of the door member 8, and is bent in an L shape at the lower end portion.
  • the formed reinforcing part 80a is formed.
  • the lock mechanism 19 is a hatching member for locking the door member 8 in a sealed state from the inside of the shelter body 2, and is provided inside the disaster prevention shelter 1.
  • the lock mechanism 19 includes a first engagement portion 19a provided in the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion 8a of the door member 8, and a second engagement disposed on the shelter body 2 in a state of facing the first engagement portion 19a. It is mainly composed of a joint portion 19b and a lock member 19c that engages and disengages from the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19b to bring it into a locked state and an unlocked state.
  • the first engaging portion 19a includes a flat plate portion 19d fixed to the inner side surface of the door member 8 with an adhesive, and a U-shaped portion 19e integrally formed with the flat plate portion 19d.
  • the first engaging portion 19a and the second engaging portion 19b are disposed at a symmetrical position opposite to the hinge member 14 in the door member 8, and may be reversed as long as they are symmetrical positions.
  • the first engaging portion 19a and the second engaging portion 19b are only required to be capable of inserting and detaching at least a sickle-shaped portion 19h, which will be described later.
  • the second engaging portion 19b is formed by integrally forming a flat plate portion 19f and a U-shaped portion 19g, and the flat plate portion 19f is fixed to the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2 with an adhesive.
  • the lock member 19c is fixed to the shelter body 2 in a state in which the door 12 is closed by the door member 8 by connecting the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19b, so that the lock member 19c is locked and unlocked. It is a member for doing.
  • the lock member 19c includes the sickle-shaped portion 19h, an operation lever portion 19i connected to the base end portion of the sickle-shaped portion 19h, and a shaft support portion 19j that pivotally supports the operation lever portion 19i. It is configured.
  • the sickle-shaped portion 19h engages with the U-shaped portion 19e of the first engaging portion 19a and the U-shaped portion 19g of the second engaging portion 19b, thereby bringing the door member 8 into a locked state and detaching from them. By doing so, it is a sickle-shaped (wedge-shaped) hook member that is unlocked. Since the sickle-shaped portion 19h is formed in a wedge shape, when the operation lever portion 19i is operated, the force acts on the U-shaped portion 19g in the direction in which the door member 8 is drawn inward due to the principle of the wedge, and there is no backlash. Can be tightened.
  • the operation lever portion 19i is a rod-like member that is operated when a person inside the disaster prevention shelter 1 locks the door member 8 in the closed state with the doorway 12 or releases the locked state.
  • the operation lever portion 19i is provided with a sickle-shaped portion 19h at the tip portion and a shaft support portion 19j at the center portion. As shown in FIG. 7, when the operation lever portion 19i is operated in the direction of the arrow a, for example, the sickle-shaped portion 19h rotates in the direction of the arrow b around the shaft support portion 19j, so that the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19i It is inserted into the engaging portion 19b and becomes locked.
  • the viewing window 11 visually recognizes the inside and outside from the inside and outside of the shelter body 2, brightens the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1 by taking in sunlight, and dumps filth and the like outside the shelter body 2. It is an opening-and-closing type window for.
  • the observation window 11 is made of a hatch formed by a transparent member such as transparent reinforced plastic.
  • a window frame rubber (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the viewing window 11, and is a seal member for fitting the periphery of the viewing window 11 and the window hole (not shown) of the shelter body 2 in a watertight state. It is adhered to the viewing window 11 with an adhesive.
  • the air port 15 is an air intake window for allowing outside air outside the disaster prevention shelter 1 to flow into the evacuation space R ⁇ b> 1. Is provided.
  • the air port 15 is formed by inserting an air port hatch 17 into a hole having an inner diameter of about 30 mm formed so as to penetrate from the inner wall 2b of the shelter body 2 described later to the outer wall 2a.
  • the air port 15 communicates with the atmosphere by opening and closing the air port hatch 17 from within the evacuation space R1.
  • the air opening hatch 17 is an opening / closing body capable of closing the air opening 15 in a sealed state, and is a hole (not shown) formed in the shelter body 2 (see FIG. 1).
  • a valve body operating member 17d is a valve body operating member 17d.
  • the cylindrical member 17a has an upper end portion disposed above the hole of the shelter body 2 (see FIG. 1) and a lower end portion disposed so as to protrude into the evacuation space R1 (see FIG. 1).
  • the flange member 17b is fixed to the peripheral edge of the outer hole of the shelter body 2 with an adhesive.
  • the valve body 17c is made of a disk-like member that closes the cylindrical member 17a, and is connected to the lower surface of the valve body operating member 17d. For example, when the valve element operating member 17d is pushed upward, the valve element 17c rotates around a shaft support (not shown) to open, and the valve element operating member 17d is lowered downward. Then, the valve body 17c rotates around a shaft support (not shown) to close the valve.
  • the valve body 17c is configured to automatically close with the weight of water when rainwater, seawater or the like enters the air port 15.
  • the gripping part 13 is a part for an evacuee to hold and pull or lift with a hand when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is moved.
  • the grip portion 13 is made of a plurality of substantially U-shaped resin members installed at a position about the height of the knee of the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2, for example.
  • the seat belt 10 that restrains the evacuee is placed on the inner wall 2 b of the shelter body 2 that is substantially the same height as the shoulder of the evacuee. Is provided.
  • the seat belt 10 is a restraining member that fixes the evacuees to the shelter body 2 when the disaster prevention shelter 1 shakes.
  • the seat belt 10 includes a belt-like webbing 10a, a mounting bracket 10b for bolting the central portion of the webbing 10a to the inner wall 2b, a tongue 10c provided near one end of the webbing 10a, and a tongue 10c. And a buckle 10d coupled to the.
  • the SOS notification device 9 is a transmission device for an evacuee who has temporarily evacuated in the disaster prevention shelter 1 at the time of a disaster to notify a rescue request to the outside.
  • the SOS notification device includes a GPS chip 91 embedded in a high position of the shelter body 2 and a display unit 92 having characters added thereto.
  • the GPS chip 91 is installed on the outer peripheral surface 2f on the upper side of the shelter body 2, and can transmit the location of the refugee by a sonar such as a police station, a fire station, or the Self-Defense Force.
  • the display unit 92 is a display part that appropriately indicates the owner name of the disaster prevention shelter 1, characters such as how many people are alive, an identification code, and the like, and is directly added to the outer peripheral surface 2 f, for example. Alternatively, characters may be directly added to the transparent plate provided on the outer peripheral surface 2f from the evacuation space R1.
  • the SOS notification device may be a mobile phone or a display device including a light emitting diode. For this reason, it is convenient to attach a solar cell (not shown) to the outer peripheral surface 2 f of the shelter body 2. It is also convenient to store a manual power generator in the equipment storage room.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 is an appropriate one that can immediately escape into the disaster prevention shelter 1 in anticipation of a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami from the beginning. It is desirable to place it in place.
  • a place where the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is arranged and placed for example, it is placed on an indoor floor or on an outdoor flat ground such as a garden in the home to prepare for a disaster.
  • the hook 16 When moving or moving, for example, the hook 16 is hung on a hanging portion of a crane (not shown), and the disaster prevention shelter 1 is moved to an appropriate place by the crane. A weight material 6 such as sand is placed in the weight material storage chamber R3 and the leg portion 4. In addition, emergency evacuation equipment is placed in the evacuation space R1. In the experiment, the hook 16 could be pulled up with a crane even if it was the shelter 1 for disaster prevention with a load of 500 kg.
  • the evacuees who entered the disaster prevention shelter 1 raise the support bar 52 in the state shown in FIG.
  • the tip of the support bar 52 is inserted into the engagement groove 82, and the support bar 52 is pushed downward (in the directions of arrows c and d in FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • the door member 8 is drawn toward the evacuation space R1 (in the direction of arrow e), and the notch 8b of the peripheral edge 8a is pressed against the sealing material S of the entrance 12 to be in a watertight state. Blocked.
  • valve body operating member 17d of the air port hatch 17 shown in FIG. 9 By pushing up the valve body operating member 17d of the air port hatch 17 shown in FIG. 9, the valve body 17c is opened and air in the atmosphere can be taken into the shelter body 2. If the valve element operating member 17d is pulled, the valve element 17c can close the air opening hatch 17 to prevent intrusion of rainwater or seawater.
  • the shelter body 2 has strength. Therefore, it can protect that the evacuee in the shelter 1 for disaster prevention becomes an underlay and is crushed. That is, since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is in a capsule shape with waterproofness that does not break even when an obstacle such as rubble hits, and water does not enter the shelter 1, Evacuated evacuees can be protected from any disaster.
  • the shelter body 2 since the outer wall 2a is made of FRP resin or the like, the shelter body 2 has impact, strong elasticity, corrosion resistance and strength, and does not break, break, do not deform, do not rot, or float. It has the property of Furthermore, since the inner wall 2b of the shelter body 2 is made of the cushioning material 22 having a cushioning property that absorbs an impact and a heat insulating property against heat and low temperature, the heat retaining effect and the cushioning property are also excellent.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 has strength, impact resistance, buffering properties, etc., and the outer shape is a sphere, so even if it hits obstacles such as rubble, steel frames, wind and rain, water, etc. Since it has a shape that easily receives the load, it is difficult to receive an impact force. Such evacuees who escape into the disaster prevention shelter 1 are not directly impacted because the evacuation space R1 is covered with the capsule-shaped shelter body 2 having the above-described strength. Even if it receives an impact, the shelter 1 for disaster prevention only shakes, and it does not dent, break, deform, or enter water. As a result of the strength experiment, the disaster prevention shelter 1 was not deformed even with a load of 7.2 tons. In particular, the leg 4 serving as a pedestal on the ground plays the role of a center keel at the bottom of the ship when the river is flooded or at sea, and thus contributes to stabilizing the shake of the shelter 1 for disaster prevention.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 shown in FIG. 1 plays a role of stabilizing the center of gravity when the balancer 3 shakes or is swept over water with waves, so that the shake can be suppressed. Even if the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is moved by the analogy, earth and sand, or falls, the entire inner wall 2b is formed of the cushioning material 22, so that the evacuees are inside the evacuation space R1. Even if it collides with the wall surface, the shock is absorbed by the cushioning material 22 so that there is no injury. Therefore, the evacuees who evacuate in the disaster prevention shelter 1 can protect themselves against any disaster. Moreover, since the disaster prevention shelter 1 is a spherical shelter having a strength capable of withstanding any disaster, it can be used as a lifesaving or evacuation shelter in any disaster.
  • the operation lever part 19 i of the lock mechanism 19 in the disaster prevention shelter 1 is operated to push the door member 8 outward.
  • the entrance / exit 12 is opened, and it is possible to go outside the shelter 1 for disaster prevention. Further, if the earthquake continues, it is safe to evacuate by using the equipment stored in the equipment storage room R2 for a while in the disaster prevention shelter 1.
  • the SOS notification device By operating (not shown) to transmit a rescue signal and calling for help, it is possible to be rescued early. In this way, the evacuees can protect their bodies with the disaster prevention shelter 1 during a major earthquake. Moreover, since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is painted with fluorescent colors, such as yellow with which the outer peripheral surface 2f is conspicuous in the daytime, it is easy to be discovered. Since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is conspicuous by turning on and displaying the SOS notification device 9 made of LEDs or the like at night, it is easily found by a rescuer. Further, the SOS notification device 9 can make it easy to find outside by transmitting a rescue transmission signal from the GPS chip 91 or displaying a rescue message on the display unit 92.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic sectional view showing a use state.
  • FIG. 11 is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general
  • the present invention has been described by taking the disaster prevention shelter 1 (see FIG. 1) including the door member 8 as an example.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1A shown in FIGS. Can be divided into two, and the shelter body 2A itself may be a small shelter that opens and closes.
  • the shelter body 2A includes a left shelter half 2A1, a right shelter half 2A2, a left balancer 3A1, a right balancer 3A2, a hinge 23A, and a lock mechanism 19A. And an intake hose 24A and a hanging leather 25A.
  • the shelter body 2A is a hollow in which a hemispherical left shelter half 2A1 and a hemispherical right shelter half 2A2 symmetrical to the shelter half 2A1 are connected to each other by a hinge 23A provided at the lower end thereof. It consists of a spherical sphere.
  • the shelter body 2A is made of aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP, CFRP, DFRP, KFRP) containing aramid fibers having high strength and high bullet properties, and hozan.
  • the left half of the shelter 2A is provided on the upper inner wall 2A1b with an intake hose 24A for the evacuee to suck and breathe outside air, and a hanging leather 25A for the refugee to hold.
  • the lock mechanism 19A is a hatch for locking the left half of the shelter 2A1 and the half of the shelter 2A2 from the inside of the shelter body 2A in a sealed state, similarly to the lock mechanism 19 of the above embodiment. It is a stop member.
  • the lock mechanism 19A is installed in an annular engagement portion 19Aa provided in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the right-hand shelter half 2A1, and the shelter half 2A1 at a position facing the engagement portion 19Aa.
  • the lock member 19Ac is mainly composed of a lock member 19Ac that is engaged and disengaged from the joint portion 19Aa so as to be locked and unlocked.
  • the lock member 19Ac is a member for locking or unlocking the shelter half body 2A1 and the shelter half body 2A2 by being connected to the engaging portion 19Aa.
  • the lock member 19Ac includes a sickle-shaped portion 19Ah made of a sickle-shaped (wedge-shaped) hook member, an operation lever portion 19Ai connected to the base end portion of the sickle-shaped portion 19Ah and rotating the lock member 19Ac, and the operation lever And a shaft support portion 19Aj that rotatably supports the portion 19Ai.
  • the hinge 23A has one hinge piece 23Aa fixed to the lower end of the left shelter half 2A1, the other hinge piece 23Ab fixed to the lower end of the right shelter half 2A1, two hinge pieces 23Aa,
  • the shaft bar member 23Ac connects the hinge piece 23Ab.
  • the intake hose 24A is a hollow bellows hose fixed to the air port 15A of the left half of the shelter half 2A1 so that the base end communicates with the atmosphere. It is a part that sucks.
  • the hanging leather 25A is composed of a belt-like member or a belt-like member that is fixed at both ends to the inner wall 2A1b of the left half of the shelter half 2A1 and draws a ring.
  • the right shelter half 2A2 includes, for example, a step-shaped enlarged diameter portion 2A2a into which the peripheral edge of the left shelter half 2A1 is fitted, an annular sealing material S2 provided on the enlarged diameter portion 2A2a, and an upper end portion.
  • An engagement portion 19Aa that engages with a lock member 19Ac of the lock mechanism 19A, a left balancer 3A2 that is provided at a lower end portion and is filled with a weight material 6, and the hinge 23A.
  • the shelter 1 for disaster prevention has a strong strength against impact by being formed from an aramid fiber reinforced plastic. For this reason, when a refugee runs into the disaster prevention shelter 1 in the event of a large earthquake that causes the house to collapse, the body can be protected from obstacles such as falling building materials.
  • the air port 15A may be one in which a suction hose 24A is fitted in a through hole formed in the shelter body 2A. That is, the structure of the air port 15A is not particularly limited as long as the air port 15A communicates with the evacuation space R1 and the atmosphere and can be blocked so that water or the like does not enter.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the piston cylinder mechanism provided in the support
  • the air port 15 that is opened and closed by the air port hatch 17 is provided in the upper part of the shelter body 2, but as shown in FIGS.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism 50B may be provided in the air, and the air outside the shelter body 2B may be taken into the evacuation space R1 using the piston cylinder mechanism 50B.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1B includes the column body 51B of the column 5B, the first check valve VB1, the first air intake port OB1, the piston 50Ba, the piston shaft 50Bb, and the first cylinder chamber 50Bc.
  • the fourth check valve VB4, the stoppers 50Be and 50Bf, the partition member 50Bg, the leakage preventing member 50Bh, and the column cover 5Bb are mainly provided.
  • This column 5B is formed by joining a tube-shaped column main body 51B and an air intake pipe PB1 branched from the central portion of the column main body 51B and extending upward.
  • the column main body 51B forms a first cylinder chamber 50Bc and a second cylinder chamber 50Bd, and is provided with a piston 50Ba, stoppers 50Be and 50Bf, a partition member 50Bg, and a leakage prevention member 50Bh, and is inserted through the handle 5Ba. Yes.
  • the column main body 51B is formed in this hollow shape, and is formed of a tubular member having a first air intake port OB1 that communicates with the atmosphere and is opened and closed by sliding movement of the air intake opening / closing body VB5.
  • the column main body 51B has an upper end extending to the outer peripheral surface 2Bf of the shelter main body 2B and a lower end extending to the inner bottom portion 2Bc, and is fixed thereto.
  • the first check valve VB1 is a one-way valve that is provided at the first air inlet OB1 and blocks air flowing from the inside of the column main body 52B toward the atmosphere.
  • the first air intake OB1 is an intake for taking in the atmosphere into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc.
  • the piston 50Ba is a member that moves up and down by operating the handle 5Ba in the vertical direction, and is provided in the column main body 51B so as to be movable up and down between the first cylinder chamber 50Bc and the second cylinder chamber 50Bd.
  • Piston 50Ba is arrange
  • the piston shaft 50Bb has an upper end connected to the piston 50Ba, a lower end connected to the base end of the handle 5Ba in the column main body 51B, a center portion inserted through the partition member 50Bg, and stoppers at upper and lower portions of the partition member 50Bg. 50Be and 50Bf are fixed.
  • the first cylinder chamber 50Bc is a space formed between the first check valve VB1 and the piston 50Ba in the column main body 51B, and the air taken in from the first air intake port OB1 is in the piston 50Ba. It moves up and down to flow through the first cylinder chamber 50Bc to the first air supply port O3.
  • the second cylinder chamber 50Bd is a space formed between the piston 50Ba and the partition member 50Bg in the column main body 51B, and the air taken in from the second air intake port OB2 is moved up and down by the piston 50Ba. It flows through the second cylinder chamber 50Bd to the second air supply port O4.
  • the first air supply port O3 is an air discharge port for discharging the air in the first cylinder chamber 50Bc to the evacuation space R1, and is formed in a portion of the column body 51B that is an upper portion in the evacuation space R1.
  • the second check valve VB2 is a one-way valve that is disposed at the first air supply port O3 and blocks air flowing in the first cylinder chamber 50Bc from the evacuation space R1.
  • the second air supply port OB4 is a discharge port that discharges the air in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd to the evacuation space R1, and is formed at the central portion of the column main body 50Ba.
  • the third check valve VB3 is a one-way valve that is provided in the second air supply port OB4 and blocks air flowing in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the evacuation space R1.
  • the handle 5Ba is an operating member for moving the piston 50Ba up and down to manually take outside air into the evacuation space R1 via the piston cylinder mechanism 50B.
  • the handle 5Ba is inserted into the column main body 51B via the leakage preventing member 50Bh. It is provided in the state.
  • the handle 5Ba is a foldable handle that can be folded along the column main body 51B when not in use.
  • the leakage preventing member 50Bh is a sheet for preventing air in the column main body 51B from leaking outside the column main body 51B, and is fixed to the handle 5Ba so as to be movably adhered to the inner wall of the column main body 51B. Yes.
  • the air intake pipe PB1 is a pipe having a second air intake port OB2 communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a communication port OB5 communicating with the second cylinder chamber 50Bd at the lower end portion.
  • the second air intake OB2 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 2Bf above the shelter body 2B.
  • the communication port OB5 is formed at a position facing the second air supply port OB4.
  • the fourth check valve VB4 is a one-way valve that is provided at the communication port OB5 of the air intake pipe PB1 and blocks air flowing in the air intake pipe PB1 from the second cylinder chamber 50Bd.
  • the stoppers 50Be and 50Bf are thick plate-like members for restricting the vertically moving range H of the piston 50Ba, the piston shaft 50Bb, and the handle 5Ba that move up and down integrally by contacting the partition member 50Bg. It is fixed at 50Bb.
  • the partition member 50Bg is a member that divides the column body 51B into a second cylinder chamber 50Bd and a hollow portion 2Bi formed below the second cylinder chamber 50Bd, and has a thickness fixed to the column body 51B. It consists of a plate-shaped member.
  • the column cover 5Bb is a protective cover that covers the column 5B from the upper end portion to the lower end portion, and is made of, for example, a substantially cylindrical cover member made of synthetic resin having elasticity.
  • the column cover 5Bb also serves as a cushioning material when the shelter 1B for disaster prevention shakes and the evacuees collide with the column 5B.
  • a ventilation port OB6 for releasing the air in the evacuation space R1 into the atmosphere is formed in the upper part of the shelter body 2B.
  • the second modified example of the present invention configured as described above is that the evacuee manually moves the handle 5Ba up and down when the outside air is exchanged with the air in the evacuation space R1 to exchange the air. . Then, the piston 50a moves up and down in conjunction with the handle 5Ba. When the piston 50Ba is lowered, the atmosphere is taken into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc from the first air intake port OB1, and the air in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd pushes the third check valve VB3 to open the second air supply. Air is supplied from the mouth OB4 into the evacuation space R1. Then, as air enters the evacuation space R1, air is discharged into the evacuation space R1 from the ventilation port OB6 to the atmosphere by the amount of the air that has entered.
  • the first check valve VB1 of the first air intake port OB1 is closed, so that air is pushed into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc and opened to the second check valve VB2, and the first air is opened.
  • Air is supplied from the supply port O3 into the evacuation space R1.
  • air is discharged into the evacuation space R1 from the ventilation port OB6 to the atmosphere by the amount of the air that has entered.
  • air in the atmosphere enters the air intake pipe PB1 from the second air intake port OB2 and pushes open the fourth check valve VB4 so that the air is taken into the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the communication port OB5. It has become.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1B can be used at any location such as at sea, on the water, and on the ground.
  • an oxygen cylinder 93 having an oxygen inhaler 93a and a hose 93b may be installed in the equipment storage chamber R2.
  • the weight material storage chamber R3 may store drinking water and water W serving as the balancer 3 in the tank T.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a third modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the handle 5 ⁇ / b> Ba that moves up and down to drive the piston 50 ⁇ / b> Ba has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the handle 5Ca has a piston 50Ca, a rod 50Cb having an upper end coupled to the piston 50Ca, and a lower end coupled to the rotating body 50Cc, and the rotation pivotally supported in the column main body 51C.
  • the body 50Cc is connected to a lever 50Cd having one end fixed to the center of the rotating body 50Cc and the other end provided with a rotary handle 5Ca and a shaft member 50Ce that pivotally supports the lever 50Cd. By rotating, the rotating body 50Cc and the lever 50Cd may be rotated by the piston crank mechanism.
  • the shaft member 50Ce of the lever 50Cd shown in FIG. 14 can be easily provided with the handle 5Ca in a sealed part by pivotally supporting the column main body 51C via an O-ring (not shown).
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • the first air intake OB1 is provided at the upper end of the vertical column main body 51B, and the first air intake OB1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 2Bf of the shelter main body 2B.
  • the air intake opening / closing body VB5 is operated and opened outside the evacuation space R1, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 is formed by bending the upper end portion of the column main body 51D horizontally so that the air intake opening OD1 faces in the lateral direction, and the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 is disposed in the evacuation space R1. It may be possible to open and close by pushing and pulling from.
  • the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 includes a valve body VD1a of the air intake opening / closing valve VD1, a knob VD1b for operating the valve body VD1a, and the knob VD1b disposed in the evacuation space R1. And a connecting member VD1c that connects the valve body VD1a disposed outside the shelter body 2D.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism 50D has substantially the same structure as the piston cylinder mechanism 50B (see FIG. 13) described in the second modification, and the upper end portion of the support column 5D is bent into a substantially L shape so as to be an air intake opening / closing valve. Since the point which provided VD1 is different, description of the site
  • the valve body VD1a is a plate-like member that is opened and closed by sliding the opening end of the air intake port OD1.
  • the knob VD1b is an operation member that pushes and pulls up and down, and is disposed on the ceiling 2De in the evacuation space R1.
  • the connecting member VD1c is inserted into a through hole 2Di formed in the ceiling portion 2De of the shelter body 2D so as to freely advance and retract.
  • the evacuees can open and close the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 from the inside of the evacuation space R1. It is convenient because it does not need to be opened and closed.
  • the outer wall 2Da may be formed of cellular concrete that is excellent in fire resistance and high temperature resistance, has a specific gravity lighter than water, and floats on water.
  • the inner wall 2Db is formed of a synthetic resin having excellent strength such as reinforced plastic (FRP).
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1D can float on water and seawater, improve transportability, and have a structure that can withstand the fire in the event of a fire. Can do. For this reason, the shelter 1D for disaster prevention can be used for all disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and fires.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a fifth modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a fifth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a piston cylinder mechanism provided on a support column.
  • a piston cylinder mechanism 50B is provided on the support column 5B, and the handle 50Ba is manually operated to operate the piston 50Ca, so that the outside of the shelter main body 2B.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism 50E may be driven automatically and forcibly.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1E includes a column body 51E of the column 5E, an air outlet OE1, a first check valve VE1, a first piston 50Ea, and a second piston, which will be described later.
  • 50Eb piston shaft 50Ec, first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, third air cylinder chamber 50Ef, water cylinder chamber 50Eg, partition wall 50Eh, indoor air intake port OE2,
  • the column 5E joins a tube-shaped column main body 51E and a first air intake pipe PE1 and a second air intake pipe PE2 that branch from the central part of the column main body 51E and extend upward. Do it.
  • the column main body 51E has an upper end portion penetrating the shelter main body 2E to the upper outer wall surface, and a lower end portion of the equipment storage chamber R2, weight material storage chamber R3, shelter main body 2E, and leg portion 4E. And communicates to the outside of the leg 4E.
  • the structure is such that water and seawater enter the support main body 51E from the lower opening 51Ea. That is, the column main body 51E is formed in a hollow shape on the water, and its upper end communicates with the atmosphere and its lower end communicates with the water.
  • the column main body 51E is covered with a buffer column cover 5Eb.
  • the air discharge port OE1 is a discharge port for discharging the air in the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed to the atmosphere, and is covered with a valve cover 50Ei having a vent hole 50Ej.
  • the first check valve VE1 is a one-way valve that is provided at the air outlet OE1 and blocks air flowing from the atmosphere inward to the column main body 51E.
  • the valve body of the first check valve VE1 is connected by connecting members VE5a and VE7a so as to be interlocked with a valve body of a first one-way valve VE5 and a valve body of a second one-way valve VE7 which will be described later.
  • the first piston 50Ea is movably disposed in the column body 5E, and is disposed so as to partition the column body 5E into a first air cylinder chamber 50Ed and a second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
  • the second piston 50Eb is movably provided in the column main body 5E.
  • the second piston 50Eb is connected to the other end of the piston shaft 50Ec and advances and retreats together with the first piston 50Ea and the second piston 50Eb. It arrange
  • the second piston 50Eb moves back and forth (up and down) by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
  • the piston shaft 50Ec is a columnar member having a central portion inserted through the partition wall 50Eh, an upper end connected to the first piston 50Ea, and a lower end connected to the second piston 50Eb.
  • the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed is a space formed between the first check valve VE1 and the first piston 50Ea in the column main body 51E, and is an evacuation space taken in from the indoor air intake port OE2.
  • the air in R1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed and the air discharge port OE1 by the vertical movement of the first piston 50Ea.
  • the second air cylinder chamber 50Eed is a space formed between the first piston 50Ea and the partition wall 50Eh in the column main body 51E.
  • the first one-way valve VE5. Opens and the air taken into the first air intake pipe PE1 from the first air inlet OE5 pushes open the fifth check valve VE6 and enters the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the first communication port OE6. It has become.
  • the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Eed pushes open the third check valve VE3 so that the air enters the evacuation space R1 from the first air supply port OE3. It has become.
  • the second one-way valve VE7 is opened when the second piston 50Eb is lowered in the column main body 51E, and the second air intake port OE7 is connected to the second air intake port OE7.
  • the air taken into the air intake pipe PE2 pushes open the sixth check valve VE8 and enters the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef from the second communication port OE8. Further, it is a space formed between the second piston 50Eb and the partition wall 50Eh.
  • the fourth check valve VE4 is pushed open from the second air supply port OE4. Air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef is supplied to the evacuation space R1.
  • the water cylinder chamber 50Eg is a cylindrical cylinder chamber in which seawater or water enters into the sea or water when the disaster prevention shelter 1E flows over the sea or water, and the second piston 50Eb rises at the top. It is arranged so that it can descend. In the water cylinder chamber 50Eg, the second piston 50Eb is pushed up or down by the wave of seawater or water (the vertical movement of the wave) where the shelter 1E for disaster prevention is rising.
  • the partition wall 50Eh is a partition member that partitions the inside of the column main body 51E into a second air cylinder chamber 50Ee and a third air cylinder chamber 50Ef, and is fixed so that the outer peripheral portion of the partition wall 50Eh forms a knot in the column main body 51E.
  • the partition wall 50Eh has a piston shaft 50Ec inserted in the center thereof so as to be movable up and down.
  • the indoor air intake OE2 is an intake for taking in the air in the evacuation space R1 into the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, and is formed on the outer wall of the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed.
  • the second check valve VE2 is a one-way valve that is provided at the indoor air intake port OE2 and blocks air flowing in the evacuation space R1 from the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed.
  • the first air supply port OE3 is a discharge port that supplies the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee to the evacuation space R1, and is formed on the inner wall of the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
  • the third check valve VE3 is a one-way valve that is provided in the first air supply port OE3 and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space R1 toward the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
  • the second air supply port OE4 is a discharge port that supplies the air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef to the evacuation space R1, and is formed on the inner wall of the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef.
  • the fourth check valve VE4 is a one-way valve that is provided in the second air supply port OE4 and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space R1 toward the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef.
  • the first air intake pipe PE1 is a pipe having a first air inlet OE5 that communicates with the atmosphere at the upper end and a first communication port OE6 that communicates with the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee at the lower end. It is formed in an L shape.
  • a first one-way valve VE5 and a fifth check valve VE6 are provided in the first air intake pipe PE1.
  • the first air intake OE5 is locked to the upper end of the first air intake pipe PE1, and a valve seat Ve5b of a substantially spherical first one-way valve VE5 provided in the first air intake OE5, and a first It serves as a valve housing for the one-way valve VE5.
  • the first air inlet OE5 is closed when the first check valve VB1 is closed and the valve body of the first one-way valve VE5 is pulled by the connecting member VE5a, and the first check valve VB1 is opened.
  • the valve body of the first one-way valve VE5 is pushed back by the connecting member VE5a, the valve is opened. That is, the first one-way valve VE5 is a one-way valve that prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe PE1 in conjunction with the closing of the first check valve VE1.
  • the second air intake OE7 is an intake for taking in the atmosphere, and is formed at the upper end of the second air intake pipe PE2.
  • the second air inlet OE7 has a valve support piece VE7b that supports the spherical second one-way valve VE7 and a valve seat VE7c, and also functions as a valve housing of the valve support piece VE7b.
  • the second air intake OE7 is disposed in the vicinity of the first air intake OE5.
  • the second one-way valve VE7 is provided at the second air intake OE7, and is a one-way valve that prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the second air intake pipe PE2 in conjunction with the opening of the first check valve VE1. It is.
  • valve body of the second one-way valve VE7 is connected to and interlocked with the valve body of the first check valve VE1 by the connecting member VE5a, and opens when the first one-way valve VE5 is closed, Conversely, the first one-way valve VE5 is configured to close when it is opened.
  • the first communication port OE6 is a portion that is formed at the lower end of the first air intake pipe PE1 and communicates with the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
  • the first communication port OE6 is provided with a fifth check valve VE6 that restricts the flow of air from the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee toward the first air intake port OE5.
  • the second air intake pipe PE2 has a second air intake port OE7 that communicates with the atmosphere at the upper end portion, a second communication port OE8 that communicates with the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef at the lower end portion, and a sixth check valve. VE8.
  • the second communication port OE8 is a lower end portion of the second air intake pipe PE2, and is a portion where the sixth check valve VE8 is disposed.
  • the sixth check valve VE8 is a one-way valve that restricts the flow of air from the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef to the second air intake port OE7.
  • the valve cover 50Ei is a buffering protection member that covers the column 5E.
  • the shelter 1E for disaster prevention configured as described above is swept over the sea or the water
  • the sea water or the water is accompanied by the water cylinder chamber 50Eg along with the sea water wave or the water wave. It is structured to enter and exit.
  • the second piston 50Eb is pushed and pulled by the seawater wave or the vertical movement of the water wave
  • the whole piston cylinder mechanism 50E moves in conjunction with the wave, and air is discharged into the evacuation space R1,
  • the air is sucked into the evacuation space R1, and the air is automatically sucked and the air is exhausted into the evacuation space R1 automatically so that a person can breathe.
  • the shelter 1E for disaster prevention is floating on the sea and a wave that moves up and down enters the water cylinder chamber 50Eg
  • the wave pushes up the second piston 50Eb.
  • the first piston 50Ea also rises via the piston shaft 50Ec.
  • the air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef pushes open the fourth check valve VB4 and enters the evacuation space R1.
  • the fifth check valve VE6 since the first piston 50Ea rises and the inside of the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee becomes negative pressure, the fifth check valve VE6, the first one-way valve VE5, and air in the atmosphere are sucked and opened.
  • the first check valve VB1 is pushed up to open. Then, air in the atmosphere enters the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee through the first one-way valve VE5 and the fifth check valve VE6.
  • the second piston 50Eb in the water cylinder chamber 50Eg is sucked downward by the wave drop and descends.
  • the first piston 50Ea is also lowered through the piston shaft 50Ec.
  • the sixth check valve VE8 and the second one-way valve VE7 are sucked and opened, and the air in the atmosphere is taken up by the second air intake.
  • the air is drawn into the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef from the inlet OE7 via the second one-way valve VE7 and the sixth check valve VE8.
  • first piston 50Ea descends to press the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee against the third check valve VE3 to open it, and push it into the evacuation space R1. Further, the first piston 50Ea makes the inside of the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed have a negative pressure, sucks and opens the second check valve VE2, and converts the air in the evacuation space R1 into the first air cylinder chamber. Aspirate to 50.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism 50E sends air in the atmosphere into the evacuation space R1 through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, and the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef by the vertical movement of the wave.
  • the air in the evacuation space R1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, and the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef. Since this operation is automatically driven semi-permanently if the wave moves up and down, the air in the evacuation space R1 is always maintained in a clean state to eliminate oxygen deficiency. Can do.
  • the piston cylinder mechanism 50E does not use electric power, fuel, or the like, and thus has an optimum structure for use during evacuation.
  • the air outlet OE1, the first air inlet OE5, and the second air inlet OE7 at the top of the shelter body 2E are covered with the hollow semicircular valve cover 50Ei, rainwater, seawater, It is possible to suppress the ingress of water.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a sixth modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic side view illustrating a state where the shelter is disposed on a ship.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic enlarged rear view showing a state of being arranged on the ship.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state of being arranged on a ship.
  • FIG. 22 is a view showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a main part showing a fixed state between the shelter body and the hull.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 ⁇ / b> F may be mounted on a ship 100 and used as a wheelhouse 110.
  • the shelter body 2 ⁇ / b> F is formed in a hollow, slightly vertically long egg shape, provided with a window 26 ⁇ / b> F made of a transparent resin such as an epoxy resin on the front side, and a vertically long
  • a circular door member 8F is provided, an air port 15F is provided on the upper rear side, and a leg 4F (see FIG. 2) is provided on the outer bottom 2Fd.
  • the leg portion 4F is a member that performs the function of the balancer 3F and the function of the mounting table, and engages with the leg portion formed on the hull 101 such as the deck 12 of the ship 100 in advance. Engage with the part 121.
  • the leg portion 4F is made of a substantially disk-shaped member whose upper surface is formed in a curved surface shape that engages with the outer bottom portion 2Fd of the shelter body 2F, and is fixed to the outer bottom portion 2Fd.
  • the window 26F, the ship steering handle 140, and the crew are steered in the same manner as the steering room 110 of a general ship.
  • Steering angle transmission means 200 for transmitting the steering angle of the steering handle 140 to a rudder (not shown) provided in the ship 100, and a drive for rotationally driving a propeller (not shown) arranged in the ship 100
  • an electric signal transmission means 300 for sending a drive signal to a section (not shown) or the like.
  • the shelter 1 ⁇ / b> F for disaster prevention can be used as the steering chamber 110 of the ship 100 by configuring the shelter body 2 ⁇ / b> F as described above.
  • the shelter body 2F or the leg portion 4F is detachably fixed to the hull 101 of the ship 100 by the fixing tool 130, and can be separated from the hull 101 in an emergency or the like.
  • the shelter 1F for disaster prevention uses the inside of the shelter body 2F as the steering room 110 of the ship 100, so that the shelter 1F for disaster prevention is used as the steering room 110 of the ship 100 during normal times, and tsunami and
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1F on the ship 100 can be used as an evacuation ship or a floating life-saving capsule floating on the water surface.
  • the turning angle transmission means 200 is a mechanism that transmits the turning angle of the steering handle 140 to a rudder (not shown), and is composed of, for example, a hydraulic transmission mechanism, a cable transmission mechanism, or a gear transmission mechanism.
  • the turning angle transmission means 200 is provided with a turning angle transmission connection portion 210 capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion in an openable / closable mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 provided in the inner bottom portion 2Fc of the shelter body 2F. Yes.
  • the electric signal transmission means 300 is disposed on the instrument panel 160 and is used to rotate and drive the wiring for supplying electric power to the electrical equipment with the instruments 161 that use electricity and the propeller (not shown) arranged on the ship 100. For example, wiring for sending an electric signal for driving to the driving unit.
  • the electrical signal transmission means 300 is provided with a connector part 310 capable of connecting and disconnecting an intermediate part of the electrical signal transmission means 300 in an openable / closable wiring connection box 2F2 provided in the inner bottom part 2Fc of the shelter body 2F. Yes.
  • a box 2F3 is provided. Opening / closing lids 2F1a, 2F2a, and 2F3a for opening and closing are provided on the upper portions of the mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1, the wiring connection box 2F2, and the routing box 2F3, respectively.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1F has the wiring connection box 2F2 in which the connector part 310 is accommodated in the inner bottom part of the shelter body 2F, so that the intermediate part of the electric signal transmission means 300 can be easily connected and separated. It is easy to install, remove and connect the electrical system on the ship. Further, the disaster prevention shelter 1F includes a mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 that stores and arranges the turning angle transmission connection portion 210 in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body 2F. The parts can be easily connected and separated. For this reason, the disaster prevention shelter 1f can be installed on the ship or removed, and can be easily installed and removed.
  • the fixture 130 is a member for fixing the shelter body 2F to the hull 101 by screwing it into the hull 101 at the outer bottom 2Fd from the inner bottom 2Fc of the shelter body 2F.
  • the fixing device 130 may be a device that can be removed by inserting a finger into the ring-shaped head and twisting it, for example, like the fixing device 131 with a knob.
  • the first fixing device 132a and the second fixing device 132b are connected by a chain, and the chain can be pulled to be pulled out from the shelter body 2F, so that a tool is unnecessary. It may be the one.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 may have an appropriate size that allows the entire family to enter the disaster prevention shelter 1 according to the number of family members.
  • the disaster prevention shelter 1 may have an oblong or elliptical shape in plan view with a longer left and right width.

Abstract

An emergency shelter (1) internally comprises a refuge space (R1). The emergency shelter (1) is provided with: a shelter main body (2), made from resin, which forms the refuge space (R1); an entrance/exit (12) provided so as to open and close freely in the shelter main body (2); a leg part (4) fixed to a lower part (2g) of the outer circumference of the shelter main body (2); and a balancer (3), provided in the leg part (4), for keeping the centre of gravity in the lower part.

Description

防災用シェルタDisaster prevention shelter
 本発明は、地震、崖崩れ、津波、洪水等の災害の際に、人命を安全に確保するために避難する防災用シェルタに関する。 The present invention relates to a disaster prevention shelter for evacuating in order to ensure the safety of human lives in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, landslide, tsunami, or flood.
 近年、東日本大震災、阪神・淡路大震災、新潟県中越地震等の大規模の地震が発生し、崩れて来た屋根の下敷きになったり、崖崩れの土砂に埋もれたりして、尊い人命が失われている。その他、地震による津波や、大雨による洪水等の災害で、多くの人命が落されている。今後、地殻変動による同規模の大地震や、また、地球温暖化等の異常気象による大雨や集中豪雨によって河川の氾濫、土石流、土砂災害、山崩れ等の災害が発生するおそれがあることが指摘されており、災害時に人命を自ら各自で確保するための対策を準備しておくことが不可欠になっている。 In recent years, large-scale earthquakes such as the Great East Japan Earthquake, the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, and the Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake have occurred, resulting in the collapse of roofs that have collapsed, buried in landslides, and the loss of precious lives. ing. In addition, many lives have been lost due to disasters such as tsunami caused by earthquakes and floods caused by heavy rain. It is pointed out that disasters such as flooding of rivers, debris flows, landslide disasters, and landslides may occur in the future due to large earthquakes of the same scale due to crustal deformation, heavy rain due to abnormal weather such as global warming, and heavy rains. Therefore, it is indispensable to prepare measures for securing human lives by themselves in the event of a disaster.
 このような地震発生時に、倒壊した家屋に押し潰されて圧死したり、あるいは、家屋や瓦礫等の落下物の下敷きになるのを防止するための地震対策用の装置としては、例えば、特許文献1に開示された地震用シェルタ(防災用シェルタ)が知られている。 As an earthquake countermeasure device for preventing such an earthquake from being crushed by a collapsed house and being overwhelmed or underlaying a fallen object such as a house or rubble, for example, Patent Literature 1 is known as an earthquake shelter (disaster prevention shelter).
 その地震用シェルタは、スチールパイプ製の枠材と、枠材の端部が嵌合されるガイドパイプ部を有する継手と、継手に取り付けられ耐震強度を付与するための鉄板製の補強板と、枠材を継手へ固定させる固定手段と、を骨組として組立構築体からなる。その地震用シェルタは、金属製の骨組構造とすることで、地震時の倒壊する家屋に押し潰されるのを防止する強度を備えると共に、一時的に避難場所として使用可能にしている。 The earthquake shelter includes a steel pipe frame member, a joint having a guide pipe portion into which an end of the frame member is fitted, and a steel plate reinforcing plate attached to the joint to give seismic strength, The fixing means for fixing the frame material to the joint is composed of an assembly structure as a framework. The earthquake shelter is made of a metal frame structure, so that it has strength to prevent it from being crushed by a collapsed house at the time of an earthquake, and can be temporarily used as an evacuation site.
 その他、津波用として開発された防災用シェルタとしては、例えば、特許文献2に記載された津波防災用シェルタが知られている。この津波防災用シェルタは、一辺が80cmの正方形の鋼板18枚と、一辺が80cmの正三角形の鋼板8枚との合計26枚の鋼板をアーク溶接して連結し、中空状の二十六面体に形成されたシェルタである。 In addition, as a disaster prevention shelter developed for tsunami, for example, a tsunami disaster prevention shelter described in Patent Document 2 is known. This tsunami disaster prevention shelter was made by arc welding 26 steel plates of 18 square steel plates with a side of 80 cm and 8 equilateral triangular steel plates with a side of 80 cm. Shelter formed on the body.
特開平8-218673号公報(図1、図2及び図15)JP-A-8-218673 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 15) 特開2006-46049号公報(特許請求の範囲、図1~図5)JP 2006-46049 A (Claims, FIGS. 1 to 5)
 しかしながら、特許文献1に記載されたような地震用シェルタは、組み立て及び分解が可能で、耐震強度を備えているものの、多数の金属製枠材、金属製継手、鉄板製補強板及び固定手段によって構築体を形成しているため、構成部品が多く、構造が複雑で、全体の重量が重く、津波等の水害に使用できないという問題点があった。
 つまり、前記特許文献1の地震用シェルタは、金属製の枠材と保護板から主に構成されているので、地震用としては優れているものの、洪水等の水害時には、水没してしまうため、津波等の水害に使用できない。
However, although the shelter for earthquake as described in Patent Document 1 can be assembled and disassembled and has seismic strength, it has a large number of metal frame members, metal joints, iron plate reinforcing plates and fixing means. Since the structure is formed, there are many components, the structure is complicated, the whole weight is heavy, and it cannot be used for flood damage such as tsunami.
That is, since the earthquake shelter of Patent Document 1 is mainly composed of a metal frame and a protective plate, it is excellent for earthquakes, but is submerged in the event of flood damage such as flooding. Cannot be used for water damage such as tsunami.
 また、特許文献2の津波防災用シェルタは、一辺が80cmの底面中央部に重心移動重り3段が配置されてバランスを図っているものの、形状が、正面視して正八角形で、平面視及び側面視して縦長の矩形に形成されているので、河川の氾濫時や津波の際に大きな波を受けたときや、土石流や瓦礫等の障害物が衝突したときに、抵抗を受け易いため、バランスを崩して転倒し易い形状になっている。
 このため、その大きな波を受けたときや、障害物が衝突したときであっても、さらに安定した平な状態を保つことが可能で、あらゆる災害に対応することができる多機能的な防災用シェルタが要望されていた。
Moreover, although the tsunami disaster prevention shelter of Patent Document 2 is balanced by arranging three centroid weights at the center of the bottom with a side of 80 cm, the shape is a regular octagon when viewed from the front, Since it is formed in a vertically long rectangle when viewed from the side, it is easy to receive resistance when it receives a large wave during river flooding or tsunami, or when an obstacle such as debris flow or debris collides, The shape is easy to fall out of balance.
For this reason, even when it receives a large wave or when an obstacle collides, it can maintain a more stable and flat state, and can be used for all kinds of disasters. Shelter was requested.
 そこで、本発明は、前記問題点を解消すべく発明されたものであり、地震や水害等のあらゆる災害の際に避難用として使用できる防災用シェルタを提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention shelter that can be used for evacuation in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake or flood.
 前記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る防災用シェルタは、内部に避難用空間を有する防災用シェルタであって、前記避難用空間を形成する樹脂製のシェルタ本体と、前記シェルタ本体に開閉自在に配設された出入口と、前記シェルタ本体の外周の下部に固定された脚部と、前記脚部に配設され重心位置を下方にするバランサと、を備えたことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention is a disaster prevention shelter having an evacuation space inside, a resin-made shelter body forming the evacuation space, and opening and closing to the shelter body It is characterized by comprising a freely arranged entrance / exit, a leg portion fixed to the lower part of the outer periphery of the shelter body, and a balancer arranged on the leg portion and having a center of gravity positioned downward.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、脚部をシェルタ本体に固定したことで、設置時における安定性が向上し、地震による揺れによっても転倒し難く、洪水や土石流等に遭っても流され難いため、多くの人命を救うことができる。また、シェルタ本体の外周の下部に脚部を固定したことで、洪水や土石流等による浮遊時におけるシェルタ本体の不用意な姿勢変動を抑制して安定性を向上させることができる。
 このため、本発明に係る防災用シェルタは、大きな地震や大きな津波があった際に、避難者は、防災用シェルタの扉部材を開けて出入口から避難用空間内に入ることにより、シェルタ本体内に避難して身体を守ることができる。
 また、本発明に係る防災用シェルタは、脚部にバランサを配設したことで、重心位置を下げて浮遊時の安定性が向上し、例えば、洪水や津波等の水害の際に、水上に浮かべると、シェルタ本体を水平な安定した状態を保つことができる。その結果、本発明に係る防災用シェルタは、あらゆる災害の際に、多くの人命を救うことができる防災設備及び避難具として役立つことができる。
According to such a configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention has the legs fixed to the shelter body, so the stability at the time of installation is improved, it does not easily fall over due to shaking due to an earthquake, and it is washed away even in the event of a flood or debris flow. Because it is difficult, many lives can be saved. In addition, by fixing the legs to the lower part of the outer periphery of the shelter body, it is possible to improve the stability by suppressing inadvertent posture change of the shelter body when floating due to flooding or debris flow.
For this reason, in the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention, when a large earthquake or a large tsunami occurs, the refugee opens the door member of the disaster prevention shelter and enters the evacuation space from the entrance and exit, so that the inside of the shelter body You can evacuate and protect your body.
In addition, the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention has a balancer disposed in the leg portion, so that the position of the center of gravity is lowered and the stability at the time of floating is improved.For example, in the event of flood damage such as flood or tsunami, When floating, the shelter body can be kept in a horizontal and stable state. As a result, the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention can be useful as disaster prevention equipment and evacuation equipment that can save many lives in the event of any disaster.
 また、前記脚部は、有底の円筒形状をなし内部に形成された錘材収納空間を有し、前記錘材収納空間に前記バランサが収納されていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the leg portion has a weight material storage space formed inside with a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the balancer is stored in the weight material storage space.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、脚部を有底の円筒形状にしたことで、浮遊時における上下方向の回転を抑制し安定した姿勢を維持して、居住性を向上させることができる。また、円筒形状の脚部は、洪水や土石流や津波等による衝撃を受け流して緩和させることができるため、水害時でも流され難く、シェルタ本体の損傷を防止することができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can have a legged cylindrical shape, thereby suppressing rotation in the vertical direction when floating and maintaining a stable posture, thereby improving the comfortability. . In addition, the cylindrical leg portion can be received and relieved by an impact caused by flooding, debris flow, tsunami, etc., and thus it is difficult to flow even during floods, and damage to the shelter body can be prevented.
 また、前記シェルタ本体は、中空形状の球体からなり、凹面状に形成された内底部と、前記内底部の周縁部に載設されて前記凹面状に形成された部位を閉塞する蓋体と、によって中空状に形成された錘材収納室を有し、前記錘材収納室にさらに重心位置を下げるための錘材を収納し、前記錘材収納室の上部には、備品を収納する備品収納室を介して前記避難用空間の床面を形成する床板と、前記備品収納室を開閉する収納蓋と、が設けられていることが好ましい。 Further, the shelter main body is formed of a hollow sphere, an inner bottom portion formed in a concave shape, and a lid body that is placed on a peripheral edge portion of the inner bottom portion and closes the portion formed in the concave shape, A weight material storage chamber formed in a hollow shape with the weight material storage chamber. The weight material storage chamber stores a weight material for lowering the position of the center of gravity, and the upper part of the weight material storage chamber stores equipment. It is preferable that a floor plate that forms a floor surface of the evacuation space through a chamber and a storage lid that opens and closes the equipment storage chamber are provided.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の内底部にも錘材を収納したことで、さらにバランサの機能を付与して安定性を向上させることができる。また、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体内に備品収納室を設けたことで、居住性を向上させ長期の避難生活でも快適に過ごすことができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can further improve the stability by providing the balancer function by storing the weight material in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body. Moreover, the shelter for disaster prevention can improve comfortability and can spend comfortably also in long-term evacuation life by providing the equipment storage room in the shelter main body.
 また、前記シェルタ本体内には、上端部が、前記シェルタ本体の天井部に固定され、下端部が、前記避難用空間の床面を貫通して前記蓋体あるいは前記内底部に固定された支柱と、基端部が、前記支柱に回動可能に軸支され、先端部が、前記扉部材の前記避難用空間側に形成された係合部に係合・離脱可能に配置される支持バーと、が配置されていることが好ましい。 Further, in the shelter main body, an upper end is fixed to the ceiling portion of the shelter main body, and a lower end penetrates the floor surface of the evacuation space and is fixed to the lid or the inner bottom. And a support bar that is pivotally supported by the support column and has a distal end portion that can be engaged with and detached from an engagement portion formed on the evacuation space side of the door member. And are preferably arranged.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、支柱を有していることによって、シェルタ本体を支えて強度を向上させることができる。また、シェルタ本体が揺れた際に、避難者は、支柱に掴まることにより、身体が移動するのを抑制することができる。また、扉部材の係合部に係合・離脱可能に配置される支持バーを有していることによって、支持バーで扉部材をしっかりと閉塞状態に保つことができる。 According to this configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can support the shelter body and improve the strength by having the support. In addition, when the shelter body shakes, the evacuees can suppress the movement of the body by grasping the shelter body. Moreover, by having the support bar arrange | positioned at the engaging part of a door member so that engagement / detachment is possible, a door member can be kept firmly closed with a support bar.
 また、前記支持バーは、基端部が前記支柱に回動自在に軸支され、先端部が前記係合部に形成された係合溝に係合・離脱可能に配置された支持バーと、前記支持バーの先端部に形成され、外径が当該支持バーの外径よりも大きく形成された係止部と、を備え、前記係合部は、前記支持バーの軸支部を中心として回動する当該支持バーを半径とする回動軌跡に対して拡径して形成された扉締付面を有することが好ましい。 The support bar has a base bar pivotally supported by the support column and a distal end disposed in an engagement groove formed in the engagement portion so as to be engageable / detachable; A locking portion formed at a tip portion of the support bar and having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the support bar, and the engagement portion rotates about a shaft support portion of the support bar It is preferable to have a door tightening surface formed with an enlarged diameter with respect to a turning trajectory having a radius of the support bar.
 かかる構成によれば、支持バーは、係止部を、扉部材の係合部に形成された扉締付面に摺接するように係合部に係合させて摺動させることによって、扉部材を避難空間側に引き寄せて密閉状態に閉塞させることができる。このため、扉部材の周囲から雨水、水、海水及び空気が避難用空間内に浸入するのを完全に遮断して水密状態にすることができる。 According to such a configuration, the support bar causes the locking member to slide into engagement with the engaging portion so as to be in sliding contact with the door fastening surface formed in the engaging portion of the door member. Can be drawn to the evacuation space side and closed in a sealed state. For this reason, rainwater, water, seawater, and air can be completely blocked from entering the evacuation space from the periphery of the door member to achieve a watertight state.
 また、前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、大気中と連通する空気取入口と、前記空気取入口に設けられ、前記支柱本体内から大気中方向へ流れる空気を阻止する空気取込用の逆止弁と、前記支柱本体内の空間からなるシリンダ室に進退自在に設けられたピストンを有してなるピストンシリンダ機構と、前記シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する空気供給口と、前記空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する空気供給用の逆止弁と、を備え、前記ピストンシリンダ機構は、前記ピストンが進退することによって、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気を取り込んだ後、前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に前記大気を供給することが好ましい。 In addition, the support column is formed in a hollow shape and communicates with the atmosphere, and is provided at the air intake port, and is an air intake reverse block that prevents air flowing from the inside of the support column body toward the atmosphere. A stop valve, a piston cylinder mechanism having a piston provided in a cylinder chamber formed of a space in the column main body, and an air supply port for discharging air in the cylinder chamber to the evacuation space; An air supply check valve that is provided at the air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the cylinder chamber, and the piston / cylinder mechanism is configured so that the piston moves forward and backward. It is preferable that the air is supplied into the evacuation space from the air supply port after the air is taken into the cylinder chamber from the air intake.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を駆動させることによって、大気中の空気をピストンの吸引力で吸引して避難用空間内に供給することができる。このため、避難用空間内が酸欠状態になるのを防止することができる。 According to such a configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention can suck air in the atmosphere with the suction force of the piston and drive it into the evacuation space by driving the piston cylinder mechanism provided on the support column. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the evacuation space from becoming deficient.
 また、前記支柱は、前記防災用シェルタが海上または水上に配置された際に、海中または水中に連通し、上部に前記ピストンが配置されたウォータシリンダ室を有し、前記ピストンは、海水の波動または水の波動によって上昇及び下降して、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気中の空気を取り込んで前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に吐出することが好ましい。 Further, the support column has a water cylinder chamber that communicates with the sea or water when the disaster prevention shelter is placed on the sea or water, and the piston is placed on the top thereof. Alternatively, it is preferable that the air rises and falls due to the wave of water, takes air in the atmosphere into the cylinder chamber from the air intake, and discharges it into the evacuation space from the air supply port.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を海水の波動または水の波動によって上昇及び下降させて駆動させることにより、大気中の空気をビストンの吸引力で吸引して避難用空間内に供給することができる。このため、避難用空間内は、海水の波動または水の波動がある場合、自然エネルギーを自動的に避難用空間内の空気を外気と交換させることができる。この場合、ピストンシリンダ機構は、海水及び水の波の力を利用するので、防災用シェルタが海上等に流されたときに、電力や燃料等の特別なエネルギー源を使用しないで駆動させることができるため、ピストンシリンダ機構を強制駆動させる手段として特に有効利用することができる。 According to such a configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention sucks air in the atmosphere with the suction force of Biston by driving the piston cylinder mechanism provided on the column up and down by the wave of seawater or the wave of water. It can be supplied into the evacuation space. For this reason, in the evacuation space, when there is a wave of seawater or a wave of water, the natural energy can be automatically exchanged with the air in the evacuation space. In this case, since the piston cylinder mechanism uses the force of seawater and water waves, it can be driven without using a special energy source such as electric power or fuel when the shelter for disaster prevention is swept over the sea. Therefore, it can be used particularly effectively as a means for forcibly driving the piston cylinder mechanism.
 また、前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、上部に大気中と連通する大気排出口を有する管状の支柱本体と、前記大気排出口に設けられ、前記大気中から前記支柱本体内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第1逆止弁と、前記支柱本体内に移動可能に配置され、前記支柱本体内を第1エアシリンダ室と第2エアシリンダ室とに区画する第1ピストンと、前記第1ピストンに一端を連結したピストンシャフトと、前記支柱本体内に移動自在に設けられ、前記ピストンシャフトの他端に連結されて前記第1ピストンと共に進退すると共に、前記支柱本体内を第3エアシリンダ室とウォータシリンダ室とに区画する第2ピストンと、前記支柱本体内を前記第2エアシリンダ室と前記第3エアシリンダ室とに区画する隔壁と、前記避難用空間内の空気を前記第1シリンダ室内に取り入れる室内空気取込口と、前記室内空気取込口に設けられ、前記第1シリンダ室内から前記避難用空間内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第2逆止弁と、前記第2エアシリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第1空気供給口と、前記第1空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第2シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第3逆止弁と、前記第3シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第2空気供給口と、前記第2空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第3エアシリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第4逆止弁と、上端部に大気中と連通する第1空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第2エアシリンダ室に連通する第1連通口を有する第1空気取入管と、前記第1空気取入口に設けられ、前記第1逆止弁の閉弁に連動して大気が第1空気取入管内側へ流れるのを阻止する第1一方向弁と、上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第3エアシリンダ室に連通する第2連通口を有する第2空気取入管と、前記第2空気取入口に設けられ、前記第1逆止弁の開弁に連動して大気が第1空気取入管内側へ流れるのを阻止する第2一方向弁と、を備え、前記ウォータシリンダ室は、前記シェルタ本体が浮上している海水または水に連通し、前記第2ピストンは、前記海水の波動または水の波動によって進退することが好ましい。 Further, the support column is formed in a hollow shape and has a tubular support column main body having an air discharge port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper portion thereof, and air that is provided in the air discharge port and flows inward from the atmosphere into the support column main body. A first check valve that prevents movement, a first piston that is movably disposed in the column body, and divides the column body into a first air cylinder chamber and a second air cylinder chamber, and the first piston A piston shaft having one end connected to the main body, and a movably provided in the column main body. The piston shaft is connected to the other end of the piston shaft and advances and retreats together with the first piston. A second piston partitioned into a water cylinder chamber, a partition partitioning the inside of the column body into the second air cylinder chamber and the third air cylinder chamber, and air in the evacuation space An indoor air intake port that takes in the cylinder chamber, a second check valve that is provided in the indoor air intake port and blocks air flowing in the evacuation space from the first cylinder chamber, and the second air A first air supply port that discharges air in the cylinder chamber to the evacuation space, and a third check that is provided in the first air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the second cylinder chamber. A valve, a second air supply port that discharges air in the third cylinder chamber to the evacuation space, and air that is provided in the second air supply port and flows from the evacuation space toward the third air cylinder chamber And a first air intake pipe having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a first communication port communicating with the second air cylinder chamber at the lower end portion. And provided at the first air intake. A first one-way valve for preventing the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe in conjunction with the closing of the first check valve, and a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end. And a second air intake pipe having a second communication port communicating with the third air cylinder chamber at a lower end portion, and a second air intake port provided in conjunction with opening of the first check valve. A second one-way valve for preventing the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe, wherein the water cylinder chamber communicates with seawater or water in which the shelter body floats, and the second piston is It is preferable to advance and retreat by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、支柱内に配置した第2ピストンが、海水の波動または水の波動によって進退することにより、防災用シェルタが海上または水上に流された場合に、第2ピストンの駆動に伴う吸引力で大気中の空気を取り込んで避難用空間内に供給することができると共に、避難用空間内の空気を吸引して大気中に排出させることができる。このため、避難用空間内の空気を海水の波動または水の波動で自動的に換気をすることができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter has the second piston arranged in the support column when the disaster prevention shelter is swept over the sea or water by moving back and forth by the wave of seawater or the wave of water. The air in the atmosphere can be taken in and supplied into the evacuation space by the suction force accompanying the driving of the piston, and the air in the evacuation space can be sucked and discharged into the atmosphere. For this reason, the air in the evacuation space can be automatically ventilated by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
 また、前記第1逆止弁の弁体は、前記第1一方向弁の弁体と、前記第2一方向弁の弁体とにそれぞれ連結して連動させる連結部材を備え、前記第1逆止弁は、当該第1逆止弁の弁体が閉弁したときに、前記第1一方向弁の弁体が開弁し、前記第2一方向弁の弁体が閉弁し、前記第1逆止弁の弁体が開弁したときに、前記第1一方向弁の弁体が閉弁し、前記第2一方向弁の弁体が開弁することが好ましい。 The valve body of the first check valve includes a connecting member that is connected to and interlocked with the valve body of the first one-way valve and the valve body of the second one-way valve, and the first reverse valve When the valve body of the first check valve closes, the valve body of the first one-way valve opens, the valve body of the second one-way valve closes, and the stop valve Preferably, when the valve body of the one check valve is opened, the valve body of the first one-way valve is closed and the valve body of the second one-way valve is opened.
 かかる構成によれば、第1逆止弁は、閉弁したときに、第1一方向弁が開弁し、第2一方向弁が閉弁するように開閉できるので、第1逆止弁の開弁、閉弁に対して、第1一方向弁と第2一方向弁とを交互に連動させて、大気を取り込むことができる。 According to this configuration, when the first check valve is closed, the first one-way valve can be opened and closed so that the second one-way valve is closed. The air can be taken in by alternately interlocking the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve with respect to the opening and closing of the valve.
 また、前記支柱には、前記ピストンを上下動させるためのハンドルが配置され、前記ピストンは、前記ハンドルの上下動または前記ハンドルの回転操作によって上昇及び下降して、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気中の空気を取り込んで前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に吐出することが好ましい。 Further, a handle for moving the piston up and down is disposed on the support column, and the piston is raised and lowered by the vertical movement of the handle or the rotation of the handle, and the piston is moved from the air intake to the cylinder chamber. It is preferable that air in the atmosphere is taken in and discharged from the air supply port into the evacuation space.
 かかる構成によれば、避難者は、支柱に配置されたハンドルを操作することによってピストンを上下動させて、空気取入口からシリンダ室内に大気中の空気を取り込み、さらにその空気を避難用空間内に供給することができるため、避難用空間内の空気を手動的に強制換気させることができる。その結果、避難用空間内が酸欠状態になるのを防止することができる。 According to such a configuration, the refugee moves the piston up and down by operating the handle disposed on the support column, takes air in the atmosphere from the air intake into the cylinder chamber, and further, the air is taken into the evacuation space. Therefore, the air in the evacuation space can be manually forced-ventilated. As a result, it is possible to prevent the evacuation space from becoming deficient.
 また、前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、上部に大気中と連通する第1空気取入口を有する管状の支柱本体と、前記第1空気取入口に設けられ、前記支柱本体内から大気中方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第1逆止弁と、前記支柱本体内に移動可能に配置され、前記支柱本体内を第1シリンダ室と第2シリンダ室とに区画するピストンと、前記ピストンに一端を連結したピストンシャフトと、前記支柱本体に対して長手方向に移動自在に設けられると共に、前記ピストンシャフトの他端に連結されて前記ピストンを進退させるためのハンドルと、前記第1シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第1空気供給口と、前記第1空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第1シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第2逆止弁と、前記第2シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第2空気供給口と、前記第2空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第2シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第3逆止弁と、上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第2シリンダ室に連通する連通口を有する空気取入管と、前記空気取入管に設けられ、前記第2シリンダ室内から前記空気取入管内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第4逆止弁と、を備え、前記ピストンは、前記ハンドルを操作することによって連動し、前記第1空気取入口及び前記第2空気取入口から前記第1シリンダ室及び前記第2シリンダ室に大気を取り込んだ後、前記第1空気供給口及び前記第2空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に前記大気を供給することが好ましい。 The strut is formed in a hollow shape and has a tubular strut body having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper portion thereof, and is provided in the first air intake port. A first check valve that blocks air flowing to the piston, a piston that is movably disposed in the column body, and divides the column body into a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber, and one end of the piston. A connected piston shaft, a handle that is movable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the column main body, a handle that is connected to the other end of the piston shaft and moves the piston back and forth, and air in the first cylinder chamber A first air supply port that discharges into the evacuation space; a second check valve that is provided in the first air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the first cylinder chamber; A second air supply port that discharges air in the second cylinder chamber to the evacuation space; and a third air port that is provided in the second air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the second cylinder chamber. A check valve, an air intake pipe having a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper end portion and a communication port communicating with the second cylinder chamber at a lower end portion; and the air intake tube, A fourth check valve for blocking air flowing from the second cylinder chamber to the inside of the air intake pipe, and the piston is interlocked by operating the handle, and the first air intake and the After the atmosphere is taken into the first cylinder chamber and the second cylinder chamber from the second air intake port, the atmosphere is supplied into the evacuation space from the first air supply port and the second air supply port. Is preferred.
 かかる構成によれば、ピストンは、ハンドルを操作することによって連動し、第1空気取入口及び第2空気取入口から第1シリンダ室及び第2シリンダ室に大気を取り込んだ後、第1空気供給口及び第2空気供給口から避難用空間内に大気中の空気を供給することができるため、避難用空間内の空気を手動的に強制換気させることができる。 According to this configuration, the piston is interlocked by operating the handle, and after the air is taken into the first cylinder chamber and the second cylinder chamber from the first air intake port and the second air intake port, the first air supply is performed. Since air in the atmosphere can be supplied into the evacuation space from the mouth and the second air supply port, the air in the evacuation space can be manually forced-ventilated.
 また、前記第1空気取入口には、当該第1空気取入口を開閉する空気取入口開閉弁が配置され、前記空気取入口開閉弁の弁体は、前記避難用空間内に配置された操作部材に、連結部材によって連結されていることが好ましい。 In addition, an air intake opening / closing valve that opens and closes the first air intake opening is disposed at the first air intake opening, and a valve body of the air intake opening / closing valve is disposed in the evacuation space. It is preferable that it is connected to the member by a connecting member.
 かかる構成によれば、避難者は、避難用空間内に配置された操作部材を操作することによって、防災用シェルタ内から外に出ずに、空気取入口開閉弁の弁体を駆動させて開弁、閉弁させることができる。このため、防災用シェルタが海上や水上にあるときに、避難用空間内から空気取入口開閉弁を開閉できるので、特に有効利用することができる。 According to such a configuration, the refugee operates the operating member disposed in the evacuation space to drive and open the valve body of the air intake opening / closing valve without leaving the disaster prevention shelter. Valve can be closed. For this reason, when the shelter for disaster prevention is on the sea or on the water, the air intake opening / closing valve can be opened / closed from the evacuation space, so that it can be used particularly effectively.
 また、前記支柱は、当該支柱に沿って上下方向に延設された支柱カバーによって覆われていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the support column is covered with a support column extending in the vertical direction along the support column.
 かかる構成によれば、支柱は、支柱カバーによって覆われていることにより、避難者が支柱に衝突したときに、衝撃力を緩衝させることができる。 According to such a configuration, the support column is covered with the support column cover, so that the impact force can be buffered when the evacuee collides with the support column.
 また、前記シェルタ本体には、前記避難用空間内と大気中とに連通し、前記避難用空間内の空気が大気中に排出される換気口が設けられていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the shelter main body is provided with a ventilation port that communicates with the inside of the evacuation space and the atmosphere and through which the air within the evacuation space is discharged into the atmosphere.
 かかる構成によれば、シェルタ本体は、換気口が形成されていることによって、避難用空間内の空気を大気中に排出させて空気の換気を行うことができる。 According to such a configuration, the shelter main body can ventilate the air by discharging the air in the evacuation space into the atmosphere because the ventilation opening is formed.
 また、前記シェルタ本体には、前記避難用空間内と大気中とに連通する空気口が設けられ、空気口には、前記避難用空間内の避難者が大気を吸引するための吸気用ホースが取り付けられていることが好ましい。 Further, the shelter body is provided with an air port communicating with the inside of the evacuation space and the atmosphere, and an air hose for the evacuee in the evacuation space to suck the air is provided at the air port. It is preferable that it is attached.
 かかる構成によれば、シェルタ本体には、空気口に吸気用ホースが取り付けられていることによって、避難者が吸気用ホースを口くわえる吸引することにより、外気を吸い込むことができる。 According to this configuration, since the intake hose is attached to the air port of the shelter body, the evacuee can suck the outside hose by sucking the intake hose.
 また、前記備品収納室には、酸素吸入器を有する酸素ボンベが設置されていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that an oxygen cylinder having an oxygen inhaler is installed in the equipment storage chamber.
 かかる構成によれば、備品収納室には、酸素ボンベが設置されていることによって、避難用空間内が酸欠状態になったときに、酸素吸入器を口に当てて吸引することにより、酸素ボンベ内の酸素を吸うことができる。 According to such a configuration, when the oxygen storage cylinder is installed in the equipment storage chamber, when the evacuation space is deficient in oxygen, the oxygen inhaler is applied to the mouth and sucked. Oxygen in the cylinder can be sucked.
 また、前記支柱の前記上端部には、シェルタ本体の外周面に配置されて、前記シェルタ本体を引き上げる際に使用するクレーン掛止用のフックが設けられていることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the upper end portion of the support column is provided with a hook for hooking a crane that is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body and is used when the shelter body is pulled up.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、支柱の上端部にクレーン掛止用のフックが設けられていることによって、クレーンで容易に持ち上げることができる。このため、トラック等で防災用シェルタを搬送したり、積み降ろしたりする際に、クレーンでの作業が行い易い。また、フックは、支柱の前記上端部に設けたことによって、防災用シェルタにしっかりと固定させることができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can be easily lifted by the crane because the crane hook is provided at the upper end of the support column. For this reason, when carrying out the shelter for disaster prevention with a truck etc. or loading / unloading, it is easy to work with a crane. Moreover, the hook can be firmly fixed to the disaster prevention shelter by being provided at the upper end portion of the support column.
 また、前記シェルタ本体または前記脚部は、船舶に着脱可能に固定されていることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the shelter body or the leg portion is detachably fixed to the ship.
 かかる構成によれば、シェルタ本体または前記脚部は、船舶に着脱可能に固定されていることによって、津波や大しけや船舶の故障等で、船舶が沈没しそうになったときに、船舶上の防災用シェルタを避難用の船として利用することができる。 According to such a configuration, when the shelter body or the leg portion is detachably fixed to the ship, when the ship is about to sink due to a tsunami, a barge, a ship failure, or the like, The disaster prevention shelter can be used as an evacuation ship.
 また、前記シェルタ本体は、透明な樹脂からなる窓と、前記避難用空間側に配置された前記船舶用の操舵ハンドルと、前記避難用空間内に配置されて、前記操舵ハンドルの転舵角を船舶に設けられた舵に伝達するための転舵角伝達手段と、前記シェルタ本体に配置された前記転舵角伝達手段と前記船舶に配置された前記転舵角伝達手段とを接続する転舵角伝達用接続部と、前記避難用空間内に配置された計器盤と、前記計器盤と前記船舶に配置された電源と接続する電気信号伝達手段と、を備え、前記シェルタ本体内を前記船舶の操舵室として使用可能にしたことが好ましい。 The shelter body includes a transparent resin window, the marine vessel steering handle disposed on the evacuation space side, and the evacuation space. Steering angle transmission means for transmitting to the rudder provided on the ship, the steering angle transmission means disposed on the shelter body, and the steering angle transmission means disposed on the ship. An angular transmission connecting portion; an instrument panel disposed in the evacuation space; and an electrical signal transmission means for connecting the instrument panel and a power source disposed in the ship, wherein the ship body is disposed in the shelter body. It is preferable that it can be used as a steering wheel.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体内を船舶の操舵室として使用可能にしたことによって、平常時は防災用シェルタを船舶の操舵室として利用し、津波や大しけや船舶の故障等で、船舶が沈没しそうになったときに、船舶上の防災用シェルタを避難用の船あるいは水面に浮く浮上型救命カプセルとして利用することができる。 According to this configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can be used as a ship's steering room in the shelter body, so that the disaster prevention shelter can be used as a ship's steering room in normal times. When a ship is about to sink due to a failure or the like, the disaster prevention shelter on the ship can be used as an evacuation ship or a floating life-saving capsule floating on the water surface.
 また、前記シェルタ本体の内底部内には、前記電気信号伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離できるコネクタ部を収納配置する配線接続ボックスを備えていることが好ましい。 In addition, it is preferable that a wiring connection box is provided in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body to house and arrange a connector portion that can connect and separate the intermediate portion of the electric signal transmission means.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の内底部内に、コネクタ部を収納配置する配線接続ボックスを有することによって、電気信号伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離を容易に行うことができ、船上への設置、取り外し及び電気系統の接続作業を容易に行うことができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can easily connect and separate the intermediate portion of the electric signal transmission means by having the wiring connection box that houses and arranges the connector portion in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body. It can be easily installed and removed from the ship and connected to the electrical system.
 また、前記シェルタ本体の内底部内には、前記転舵角伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離できる転舵角伝達用接続部を収納配置する機構接続部収納ボックスを備えていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that a mechanism connection portion storage box for storing and arranging a turning angle transmission connection portion capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion of the turning angle transmission means is provided in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の内底部内に、転舵角伝達用接続部を収納配置する機構接続部収納ボックスを備えていることによって、転舵角伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離を容易に行うことができる。このため、防災用シェルタは、船上に設置したり、取り外したりするのを可能にすると共に、設置及び取り外し作業を容易に行うことができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter includes the mechanism connection portion storage box that stores and arranges the turning angle transmission connection portion in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body, so that the intermediate portion of the turning angle transmission means is provided. Can be easily connected and disconnected. For this reason, the shelter for disaster prevention can be installed on the ship or removed, and can be easily installed and removed.
 また、前記シェルタ本体の内壁部には、避難者が掴まるための吊革が設けられていることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the inner wall portion of the shelter body is provided with a strap for evacuees to grip.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の内壁部に吊革が設けられていることによって、防災用シェルタが揺れたときに、避難者が吊革に掴まることができる。 According to such a configuration, since the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with the hanging leather on the inner wall portion of the shelter body, when the shelter for disaster prevention is shaken, the evacuees can be gripped by the hanging leather.
 また、前記シェルタ本体の内壁面には、避難者を前記シェルタ本体に拘束させるシートベルトが設けられていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that a seat belt for restraining an evacuee to the shelter body is provided on the inner wall surface of the shelter body.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の内壁面にシートベルトが設けられていることによって、防災用シェルタが揺れたときに、避難者をシェルタ本体に拘束させて身体を守ることができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter can protect the body by restraining the evacuees to the shelter body when the shelter for disaster prevention is shaken by providing the seat belt on the inner wall surface of the shelter body. it can.
 また、前記シェルタ本体には、GPSチップが設けられていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that a GPS chip is provided in the shelter body.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体にGPSチップが設けられていることによって、災害時に防災用シェルタに避難していることと、避難場所の位置を外部に向けて発振して救助を求めることができる。 According to this configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with a GPS chip in the shelter body, and is evacuated to the shelter for disaster prevention in the event of a disaster, and rescues by oscillating the position of the evacuation place to the outside Can be requested.
 また、前記シェルタ本体には、発光ダイオードからなるSOS報知装置が設けられていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the shelter body is provided with an SOS notification device made of a light emitting diode.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体に発光ダイオードからなるSOS報知装置が設けられていることによって、防災用シェルタ内に避難していることを照明表示して、遠い場所にいる救助者に対しても、判るように遭難表示することができる。特に、夜間等の暗いときに、目立つように表示することができるため、救助者に発見され易い表示を行うことができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter is provided with an SOS alarm device composed of light-emitting diodes in the shelter body, so that it is illuminated to indicate that it is evacuating in the disaster prevention shelter, and the rescue is in a remote place It is possible to display distress for the person who knows. In particular, since it can be displayed conspicuously in the dark such as at night, a display that can be easily found by a rescuer can be performed.
 また、前記シェルタ本体には、開閉自在な覗き窓が設けられていることが好ましい。 The shelter body is preferably provided with an openable / closable viewing window.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体に開閉自在な覗き窓が設けられていることによって、覗き窓から外部の様子を見たり、避難用空間内の換気を行ったり、太陽光を取り込んだり、また、その覗き窓から汚物等を外部に出すこともできる。 According to such a configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention is provided with an openable / closable observation window in the shelter body, so that the outside can be seen from the observation window, the inside of the evacuation space is ventilated, and sunlight is emitted. It can also be taken in and filth etc. can be taken out from the viewing window.
 また、前記シェルタ本体は、外周面側が気泡コンクリートから形成され、当該気泡コンクリートより前記避難用空間側が樹脂によって形成されていることが好ましい。 In addition, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface side of the shelter body is made of cellular concrete, and the evacuation space side is made of resin from the cellular concrete.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の外周面側が気泡コンクリートから形成されていることによって、耐火性及び耐熱性を向上させることができるため、火災に対しても対応可能である。例えば、家屋が火災した場合、防災用シェルタ内に逃げ込むことによって、火、ガス、落下して来る建材等から避難者を守ることができる。 According to such a configuration, the shelter for disaster prevention can improve fire resistance and heat resistance because the outer peripheral surface side of the shelter body is formed of cellular concrete, and thus can cope with fire. For example, when a house fires, it is possible to protect the evacuees from fire, gas, falling building materials, etc. by escaping into the disaster prevention shelter.
 また、前記シェルタ本体は、少なくともアラミド繊維強化プラスチックを含む材料によって形成されていることが好ましい。 The shelter body is preferably formed of a material containing at least an aramid fiber reinforced plastic.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体がアラミド繊維強化プラスチックを含む材料によって形成されていることにより、例えば、ピストルの玉も貫通しない強度にすることができため、防災用シェルタ内に逃げ込むことにより、建材、瓦礫、岩、土砂、流木、ピストルの玉等から保護して、あらゆる災害や防犯に対応した避難用小型シェルタ、防災設備、災害時用防護カプセル及び避難具として役立たせることができる。 According to such a configuration, since the shelter main body is formed of a material containing an aramid fiber reinforced plastic, for example, the shelter main body can be made strong enough not to penetrate a pistol ball. Protecting against building materials, rubble, rocks, earth and sand, driftwood, pistol balls, etc. by escaping, making it useful as a small shelter for evacuation, disaster prevention equipment, disaster capsules and evacuation equipment for any disaster or crime prevention Can do.
 また、前記シェルタ本体の外周部には、前記防災用シェルタの持ち主名、あるいは、SOSを表示した表示部を備えていることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that an outer peripheral portion of the shelter main body is provided with a display portion displaying the owner name of the shelter for disaster prevention or SOS.
 かかる構成によれば、防災用シェルタは、シェルタ本体の外周部に、防災用シェルタの持ち主名、あるいは、SOSを表示した表示部を備えていることによって、外部に向けてSOSを表示したり、誰が避難しているかを表示することができる。 According to such a configuration, the disaster prevention shelter is provided with the display unit displaying the name of the disaster prevention shelter or the SOS on the outer periphery of the shelter body, so that the SOS is displayed toward the outside, You can display who is evacuating.
 本発明によれば、地震や水害等のあらゆる災害の際に避難用として使用できる防災用シェルタを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a disaster prevention shelter that can be used for evacuation in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake or flood.
本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す図であり、出入口を開閉する扉部材を示す要部拡大斜視図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows the door member which opens and closes an entrance / exit. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す図であり、出入口を開閉する扉部材の周縁部の構造を示す要部断面図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is principal part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the peripheral part of the door member which opens and closes an entrance / exit. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す図であり、扉部材を避難用空間から見た状態を示す拡大正面図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged front view which shows the state which looked at the door member from the space for evacuation. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの一例を示す図であり、扉部材の扉締付面の形状を示す拡大縦断面図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the shape of the door fastening surface of a door member. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの扉部材を内側からロックするロック機構の一例を示す要部概略断面図である。It is a principal part schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the locking mechanism which locks the door member of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention from an inner side. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの扉部材を内側からロックするロック機構の一例を示す要部概略斜視図である。It is a principal part schematic perspective view which shows an example of the lock mechanism which locks the door member of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention from inner side. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの空気口の一例を示す要部概略斜視図である。It is a principal part schematic perspective view which shows an example of the air port of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第1変形例を示す図であり、使用状態を示す概略拡大断面図である。It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general | schematic expanded sectional view which shows a use condition. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第1変形例を示す図であり、シェルタ本体を開放したときの状態を示す概略拡大断面図である。It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general | schematic expanded sectional view which shows a state when a shelter main body is open | released. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第2変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第2変形例を示す図であり、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a view showing a second modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a piston cylinder mechanism provided on a support column. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第3変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 3rd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第4変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第4変形例を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。It is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第5変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 5th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第5変形例を示す図であり、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。It is a figure which shows the 5th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the piston cylinder mechanism provided in the support | pillar. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略側面図である。It is a figure which shows the 6th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a schematic side view which shows the state arrange | positioned on the ship. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略拡大背面図である。It is a figure which shows the 6th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a schematic expansion rear view which shows the state arrange | positioned on the ship. 本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略拡大縦断面図である。It is a figure which shows the 6th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general | schematic expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state arrange | positioned on the ship. 、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、シェルタ本体と船体との固定状態を示す要部拡大部分断面図である。FIG. 10 is a view showing a sixth modified example of the shelter for disaster prevention according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a main part showing a fixed state between the shelter body and the hull.
 次に、図1~図9を参照して、本発明に係る防災用シェルタを実施するための形態(以下「実施形態」という)を説明する。 Next, a mode for carrying out the disaster prevention shelter according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiment”) will be described with reference to FIGS.
≪防災用シェルタの構成≫
 図1に示すように、防災用シェルタ1は、大地震、津波、洪水、崖崩れ、火災等のあらゆる災害時に、避難者を防護したり、避難者が避難したりするための避難器具(シェルタ)である。つまり、防災用シェルタ1は、避難者が、崩れて来た家屋の屋根や建材や土砂や瓦礫等の落下物の下敷きになったり、押し潰されたりするのを防護すると共に、さらに、津波や洪水等の水害時に、緊急用のカプセル状避難筏としても使用することが可能な災害用の避難器具(シェルタ)である。防災用シェルタ1は、内部が空洞な大型の略球体形状をしたものからなる。
≪Configuration of shelter for disaster prevention≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the disaster prevention shelter 1 is an evacuation device (shelter for protecting refugees and evacuating refugees in the event of any disaster such as a large earthquake, tsunami, flood, landslide, or fire. ). In other words, the disaster prevention shelter 1 protects the evacuees from underlaying and crushing fallen objects such as roofs, building materials, earth and sand, and debris that have collapsed. This is a disaster evacuation device (shelter) that can also be used as a capsule evacuation shelter for emergencies in the event of floods. The shelter 1 for disaster prevention is made of a large, substantially spherical shape with a hollow inside.
 防災用シェルタ1は、それぞれ後記する避難用空間R1と、備品収納室R2と、錘材収納室R3と、覗き窓11と、出入口12と、空気口15と、空気口ハッチ17と、扉部材8と、シェルタ本体2と、バランサ3と、把持部13と、ヒンジ部材14、脚部4と、支柱5と、錘材6と、床面7と、SOS報知装置9と、を主に備えている。 The shelter 1 for disaster prevention includes an evacuation space R1, an equipment storage room R2, a weight material storage room R3, a viewing window 11, an entrance 12, an air port 15, an air port hatch 17, and a door member, which will be described later. 8, a shelter body 2, a balancer 3, a gripping part 13, a hinge member 14, a leg part 4, a column 5, a weight member 6, a floor surface 7, and an SOS notification device 9. ing.
 防災用シェルタ1は、例えば、側面に出入口12、扉部材8及び把持部13を備え、上部に覗き窓11、空気口15、空気口ハッチ17、クレーン引き上げ用のフック16及びGPSチップ91を備え、下部に備品収納室R2、錘材収納室R3、バランサ3、脚部4、錘材6、床面7等を備え、略球状に形成されている。防災用シェルタ1は、例えば、直径が1000mm(1人用)~2500mm(25人用)程度のドーム型の人員防護体であり、建物の屋内、屋外及び地中に配備することが可能な大きさに形成されている。 The disaster prevention shelter 1 includes, for example, an entrance 12, a door member 8, and a grip 13 on the side surface, and a viewing window 11, an air port 15, an air port hatch 17, a crane lifting hook 16, and a GPS chip 91 on the upper side. The equipment storage room R2, the weight material storage room R3, the balancer 3, the leg part 4, the weight material 6, the floor surface 7 and the like are provided in the lower part and are formed in a substantially spherical shape. The disaster prevention shelter 1 is, for example, a dome-shaped personal protective body having a diameter of about 1000 mm (for 1 person) to 2500 mm (for 25 persons), and can be deployed indoors, outdoors, and underground. Is formed.
 なお、本発明に係る防災用シェルタ1は、河川の氾濫、土石流、津波等水害時及び船舶事故時の緊急用の避難筏や、大地震や崖崩れや火災、土砂災害等災害時に防災設備や、地下シェルタとして使用することも可能である。
 本実施形態では、その一例として、大地震時に屋内及び屋外で使用する場合を例に挙げて説明する。なお、津波及び洪水等の水害時、船舶上で使用する場合、火災発生時、防犯用として使用する場合等については、後記する変形例で説明する。
The disaster prevention shelter 1 according to the present invention includes emergency evacuation shelters for floods such as river floods, debris flows, tsunamis and ship accidents, disaster prevention facilities such as major earthquakes, landslides, fires, and sediment disasters. It can also be used as an underground shelter.
In this embodiment, the case where it uses indoors and outdoors at the time of a big earthquake is mentioned as an example, and it demonstrates as an example. In the case of water damage such as tsunami and flood, when used on a ship, when a fire breaks out, when used for crime prevention, etc. will be described in the following modification.
 防災用シェルタ1は、地震発生時(または、予震発生時や、緊急地震速報装置のお知らせがあったとき)に直ぐに避難者が、その防災用シェルタ1に入り込んで避難するシェルタであり、家屋内の床面や庭の片隅等の直ぐに逃げ込むことが可能な適宜な場所に予め配置しておく。また、防災用シェルタ1は、地震発生時や、火災発生時や、その他の災害時に崖崩れや、土砂崩れや、頭上から落下物が落下する危険性が予想される場所(屋内及び屋外)に配置しておくことが望ましい。さらに、防災用シェルタ1は、後記する変形例で説明するが、水に浮くように形成されているため、津波や、洪水時の河川の氾濫が予想される場所に配置してもよい。防災用シェルタ1は、全体が略球状でコンパクトに形成されたことによって、地震、崖崩れ、水害、火災等のあらゆる災害の際に、落下する建造物、岩、水等が衝突する強い衝撃力や、外圧、熱、火に対して耐えるのに適した中空状の球体形状をしている。 The disaster prevention shelter 1 is a shelter in which an evacuee enters the disaster prevention shelter 1 and evacuates immediately when an earthquake occurs (or when a pre-earthquake occurs or when an emergency earthquake warning device is notified). It is placed in advance in an appropriate place where it is possible to escape immediately such as an indoor floor surface or a corner of the garden. In addition, disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed in places (indoors and outdoors) where there is a risk of landslides, landslides, or falling objects falling overhead when an earthquake, fire, or other disaster occurs. It is desirable to keep it. Furthermore, although the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is demonstrated in the modification mentioned later, since it forms so that it may float on water, you may arrange | position in the place where flooding of the river at the time of a tsunami and flooding is anticipated. The shelter 1 for disaster prevention has a generally spherical shape and is compact so that it has a strong impact force against falling structures, rocks, water, etc. in the event of any disaster such as an earthquake, landslide, flood damage, or fire. In addition, it has a hollow sphere shape suitable to withstand external pressure, heat, and fire.
<避難用空間の構成>
 図1に示すように、避難用空間R1は、防災用シェルタ1の内部の床面7上の空間であって、避難者が地震発生時、崖崩れ発生時及び津波発生時等に、緊急避難場所として使用したり、地震発生後及び崖崩れ発生後の一時的な避難場所として使用したりするためのキャビン状の空間である。避難用空間R1は、シェルタ本体2によって形成された略球状の内部空間からなる。さらに、図2に示すように、避難用空間R1の下方には、錘材収納室R3と、備品収納室R2と、バランサ3とが主に設けられている。
<Configuration of evacuation space>
As shown in FIG. 1, the evacuation space R1 is a space on the floor surface 7 inside the disaster prevention shelter 1, and an emergency evacuation is performed when the refugee is in an earthquake, a landslide, a tsunami, or the like. A cabin-like space for use as a place or as a temporary evacuation place after an earthquake or landslide. The evacuation space R1 is composed of a substantially spherical inner space formed by the shelter body 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a weight material storage chamber R3, an equipment storage chamber R2, and a balancer 3 are mainly provided below the evacuation space R1.
≪錘材収納室の構成≫
 錘材収納室R3は、錘材6を収納するための空間であり、シェルタ本体2内の内底部2cに形成されている。錘材収納室R3は、シェルタ本体2に凹面状に形成された内底部2cと、この内底部2cの周縁部に載設されて凹面状に形成された部位を閉塞する蓋体31と、によって中空状に形成されている。
≪Configuration of weight material storage room≫
The weight material storage chamber R <b> 3 is a space for storing the weight material 6, and is formed in the inner bottom portion 2 c in the shelter body 2. The weight material storage chamber R3 includes an inner bottom portion 2c formed in a concave shape on the shelter body 2, and a lid body 31 that is placed on the peripheral edge of the inner bottom portion 2c and closes a portion formed in a concave shape. It is formed in a hollow shape.
<錘材の構成>
 錘材6は、シェルタ本体2の重心と位置を低くしてバランスを取るためのバランサウエイトであり、砂、砂利、砕石、土、金属片、粒状の金属、あるいは、水よりも比重が大きい小さな物からなる。錘材6は、錘材収納室R3及び錘材収納空間41内にそれぞれ充填される。
<Configuration of weight material>
The weight member 6 is a balancer weight for lowering the center of gravity and the position of the shelter body 2 for balance, and has a smaller specific gravity than sand, gravel, crushed stone, earth, metal pieces, granular metal, or water. It consists of things. The weight material 6 is filled in the weight material storage chamber R3 and the weight material storage space 41, respectively.
<蓋体の構成>
 蓋体31は、内底部2cを閉塞する円板状の樹脂製平板部材からなり、周縁がシェルタ本体2の内壁部2bに圧接した状態で載設されて、錘材収納室R3の上蓋を構成している。蓋体31の周縁は、例えば、接着剤で内壁部2bに固着されている。蓋体31の上面には、中央部に支柱5が立設けられている。
<Configuration of lid>
The lid body 31 is made of a disk-shaped resin flat plate member that closes the inner bottom portion 2c, and is placed in a state where the peripheral edge is in pressure contact with the inner wall portion 2b of the shelter body 2 to constitute an upper lid of the weight material storage chamber R3. is doing. The peripheral edge of the lid 31 is fixed to the inner wall 2b with an adhesive, for example. A support column 5 is erected on the upper surface of the lid 31 at the center.
≪備品収納室の構成≫
 図2に示すように、備品収納室R2は、備品を収納するための空間であり、防災用シェルタ1内に避難した避難者が載る床面7の床下に形成されている。備品収納室R2は、前記蓋体31の上面と、シェルタ本体2の内底部2cの近傍の内壁部2bと、蓋体31の上面から予め設定された間隔を介してその上方に配置されて備品収納室R2を閉塞する床板71及び収納蓋72と、床板71及び収納蓋72と蓋体31との間の空間74と、から主に形成されている。
 なお、備品とは、緊急避難用備品であり、例えば、飲料水、懐中電灯、ラジオ、乾電池、保存食、携帯酸素、医療品、携帯トイレ、ロープ等の防災用品である。備品は、例えば、袋にまとめて入れて、備品収納室R2に収納して置く。
≪Equipment storage room configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the equipment storage room R <b> 2 is a space for storing equipment, and is formed under the floor surface 7 on which a refugee who evacuates in the disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed. The equipment storage chamber R <b> 2 is arranged above the upper surface of the lid body 31, the inner wall 2 b near the inner bottom 2 c of the shelter body 2, and the upper surface of the lid body 31 through a predetermined interval. It is mainly formed from a floor plate 71 and a storage lid 72 that close the storage chamber R2, and a space 74 between the floor plate 71 and the storage lid 72 and the lid body 31.
Note that the equipment is equipment for emergency evacuation, for example, emergency supplies such as drinking water, flashlight, radio, dry battery, stored food, portable oxygen, medical supplies, portable toilets, and ropes. The equipment is, for example, put together in a bag and stored in the equipment storage room R2.
<床面の構成>
 前記床面7は、避難用空間R1の底面を形成する部材であって、シェルタ本体2内の錘材収納室R3の上面を形成する部材である。床面7には、後記する床板71と、収納蓋72と、収納蓋用蝶番73と、床面支持部2hと、支柱5と、が設けられている。なお、床面7の上には、カーペット等を敷設しても構わない。
<Configuration of floor>
The floor surface 7 is a member that forms the bottom surface of the evacuation space R <b> 1 and that forms the top surface of the weight material storage chamber R <b> 3 in the shelter body 2. The floor surface 7 is provided with a floor plate 71, a storage lid 72, a storage lid hinge 73, a floor surface support portion 2 h, and a column 5 which will be described later. A carpet or the like may be laid on the floor surface 7.
 床板71は、避難用空間R1の床面7を形成する板部材であり、床面支持部2h上に載設されている。床板71の中央部には、支柱5が垂設されている。
 収納蓋72は、備品収納室R2を開閉するための板部材であり、収納蓋用蝶番73によって床板71に対して回動可能に連結されている。収納蓋72は、床面支持部2h上に載置されて、床板71の機能も果たす。
 収納蓋用蝶番73は、床板71と収納蓋72とに亘って複数も設けられている。
 空間74は、備品収納室R2を形成する床下空間であって、床板71及び収納蓋72と、蓋体31と、内壁部2bとによって形成されている。
The floor plate 71 is a plate member that forms the floor surface 7 of the evacuation space R1, and is placed on the floor surface support portion 2h. A column 5 is suspended from the center of the floor plate 71.
The storage lid 72 is a plate member for opening and closing the equipment storage chamber R <b> 2, and is rotatably connected to the floor plate 71 by a storage lid hinge 73. The storage lid 72 is placed on the floor support portion 2 h and also functions as the floor board 71.
A plurality of storage lid hinges 73 are provided across the floor plate 71 and the storage lid 72.
The space 74 is an under-floor space that forms the equipment storage chamber R2, and is formed by the floor plate 71, the storage lid 72, the lid body 31, and the inner wall portion 2b.
≪バランサの構成≫
 図2に示すように、バランサ3は、地上及び水面上において、外力や波によって防災用シェルタ1が揺れた際に、シェルタ本体2内の支柱5が垂直な安定した状態になるように、シェルタ本体2の重心を中心C1よりも下方にするためのオモリ(バランサウエイト)の役目を果たす部材である。バランサ3は、前記錘材収納室R3に収納された錘材6と、シェルタ本体2の外側底部2dに固定された脚部4と、この脚部4内に収納された錘材6と、からなる。
≪Configuration of balancer≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the balancer 3 is configured so that the support column 5 in the shelter body 2 is in a vertical and stable state when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is shaken by an external force or wave on the ground and the water surface. It is a member that serves as a weight (balancer weight) for lowering the center of gravity of the main body 2 below the center C1. The balancer 3 includes a weight material 6 accommodated in the weight material storage chamber R3, a leg portion 4 fixed to the outer bottom portion 2d of the shelter body 2, and a weight material 6 accommodated in the leg portion 4. Become.
≪脚部の構成≫
 脚部4は、防災用シェルタ1を、屋内、地上あるいは水面上に配置したときの揺れを規制して安定化させるための前記バランサ3としてのバランサウエイトの役目と、球状の防災用シェルタ1を地面に安定した状態で配置させるための置き台の役目と、を果たす部材である。脚部4は、中空状に形成され錘材収納空間41を有する有底の筒形状に形成され、合成樹脂あるいは金属材料からなる。脚部40は、例えば、平面視して円形、側面視して矩形をした有底円筒体の形状に形成されて、上部4aが、シェルタ本体2の外側底部2dにキーあるいは接着剤等によって固定されている。錘材収納空間41には、前記錘材6が充填されている。
≪Leg composition≫
The leg 4 has the role of the balancer weight as the balancer 3 for regulating and stabilizing the shake when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is placed indoors, on the ground or on the water surface, and the spherical disaster prevention shelter 1. It is a member that fulfills the role of a pedestal for placing it stably on the ground. The leg 4 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape having a bottom and having a weight material storage space 41, and is made of a synthetic resin or a metal material. The leg portion 40 is formed, for example, in the shape of a bottomed cylindrical body that is circular in plan view and rectangular in side view, and the upper portion 4a is fixed to the outer bottom portion 2d of the shelter body 2 with a key or an adhesive. Has been. The weight material storage space 41 is filled with the weight material 6.
 なお、脚部40は、平面視して円形以外のものであってもよい。脚部40は、例えば、水面上で回転するのを抑制するために、平面視して前後方向等に長く形成してもよい。また、脚部は、全体を水よりも比重の重い部材(例えば、金属等)で形成して、錘材収納空間41及び錘材6がないものであっても構わない。 Note that the leg portion 40 may be other than a circle in plan view. For example, the leg portion 40 may be formed long in the front-rear direction or the like in plan view in order to suppress rotation on the water surface. Further, the leg portion may be entirely formed of a member having a specific gravity heavier than water (for example, metal or the like) and may not have the weight material storage space 41 and the weight material 6.
≪支柱の構成≫
 図2に示すように、前記支柱5は、シェルタ本体2が揺れた際に、避難用空間R1内に避難している避難者が掴まるための棒状部材であり、シェルタ本体2を支える大黒柱の役目も果たす。支柱5は、上端部がシェルタ本体2の天井部2eに固定され、下端部が、避難用空間R1の床面7を貫通して蓋体31あるいは内底部2cの上面に固定されて、垂直に設けられている。支柱5は、外径が30mm程度の鉄製棒状部材または鋼管からなる支柱本体51によって主に形成されている。
 支柱本体51には、中央部に設けられ係止部53を有する支持バー52を回動自在に保持する軸支部54と、下方の床板71に穿設された貫通孔に内嵌されたカラー55と、蓋体31の上面中央に設けて支柱5の下端を保持する支柱受板材56と、天井部2eの中央に設けられ支柱5の上端を保持する支柱上端保持部57と、が設けられている。
≪Composition of props≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the support column 5 is a bar-shaped member that is used by a refugee evacuating in the evacuation space R <b> 1 when the shelter body 2 is shaken, and is a large black column that supports the shelter body 2. Also plays a role. The column 5 has an upper end fixed to the ceiling 2e of the shelter body 2 and a lower end passing through the floor 7 of the evacuation space R1 and fixed to the upper surface of the lid 31 or the inner bottom 2c. Is provided. The column 5 is mainly formed by a column main body 51 made of an iron rod-like member having an outer diameter of about 30 mm or a steel pipe.
The column main body 51 is provided with a shaft support portion 54 that rotatably supports a support bar 52 that is provided at the center portion and has a locking portion 53, and a collar 55 that is fitted in a through hole formed in a lower floor plate 71. And a column support plate material 56 that is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lid 31 and holds the lower end of the column 5, and a column upper end holding unit 57 that is provided at the center of the ceiling portion 2 e and holds the upper end of the column 5. Yes.
<支持バーの構成>
 図6に示すように、支持バー52は、扉部材8を避難用空間R1側に引き寄せて扉部材8を出入口12に水密状態に閉塞するための棒状部材である。この支持バー52は、基端部が、支柱5に対して上下方向に回動可能に軸支部54に軸支され、先端部に固定された係止部53が、扉部材8の避難用空間R1側に形成された係合部81の係合溝82に係合・離脱可能な係止部53に係止される。
 係止部53は、前記係合溝82の左右縁の扉締付面83に摺接する部材であり、少なくとも扉締付面83と摺接する部位が曲面状に形成された部材からなる。このため、係止部53は、例えば、支持バー52の先端部に形成され、外径が支持バー52の外径よりも大きく形成された球体からなる。この係止部53は、係合部81内の扉締付面83を摺動させると扉部材8を避難用空間R1側に距離L(約15mm)引き寄せることができる。
<Configuration of support bar>
As shown in FIG. 6, the support bar 52 is a bar-shaped member for pulling the door member 8 toward the evacuation space R <b> 1 and closing the door member 8 at the doorway 12 in a watertight state. The support bar 52 has a base end portion pivotally supported by a shaft support portion 54 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction with respect to the column 5, and a locking portion 53 fixed to the tip end portion is an evacuation space for the door member 8. The engaging portion 81 is engaged with the engaging groove 82 of the engaging portion 81 formed on the R1 side.
The locking portion 53 is a member that is slidably in contact with the door fastening surface 83 at the left and right edges of the engaging groove 82, and is formed of a member in which at least a portion that is in sliding contact with the door fastening surface 83 is formed in a curved shape. For this reason, the latching | locking part 53 consists of a spherical body formed in the front-end | tip part of the support bar 52, for example, and the outer diameter was formed larger than the outer diameter of the support bar 52. The locking portion 53 can pull the door member 8 toward the evacuation space R1 side by a distance L (about 15 mm) when the door fastening surface 83 in the engaging portion 81 is slid.
 図6に示すように、軸支部54は、支柱本体51に外嵌されてボルト締めされた円筒部54aと、円筒部54aの外周部から突出した突片54bと、支持バー52を突片54bに軸支するための軸ピン54cと、から構成されている。
 図2に示すように、前記カラー55は、樹脂製または金属製の円筒部材からなる。
 支柱受板材56は、中央部に支柱本体51に下端部が内嵌される窪みを有する厚い円盤状の部材からなる。
 支柱上端保持部57は、支柱本体51の上端部が内嵌される窪みを有すると共に、上端にクレーン掛止用のフック16が設けられた厚板状金属板であり、シェルタ本体2の天井部2eに植設されている。
As shown in FIG. 6, the shaft support portion 54 includes a cylindrical portion 54 a that is externally fitted to the column main body 51 and bolted, a protruding piece 54 b that protrudes from the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 54 a, and a support bar 52 that protrudes from the protruding piece 54 b. And a shaft pin 54c for supporting the shaft.
As shown in FIG. 2, the collar 55 is made of a cylindrical member made of resin or metal.
The strut receiving plate material 56 is formed of a thick disk-shaped member having a recess in which a lower end portion is fitted into the strut body 51 at the center.
The column upper end holding portion 57 is a thick metal plate having a recess into which the upper end portion of the column main body 51 is fitted, and a hook 16 for hanging the crane on the upper end. 2e.
≪シェルタ本体の構成≫
 図1に示すように、シェルタ本体2は、防災用シェルタ1の本体主要部及び避難用空間R1を形成する部材であり、合成樹脂製の中空状の球体である。シェルタ本体2は、このシェルタ本体2に形成された出入口12と、出入口12を開閉する扉部材8と、シェルタ本体2の下部2gに設けられたバランサ3と、シェルタ本体2の外周の下部2gに固定された脚部4と、を備えている。シェルタ本体2は、例えば、シェルタ本体2の外周面を形成する外層部材21と、この外層部材21の避難用空間R1側の面に固着され、シェルタ本体2の内壁面を形成する緩衝材22と、で形成されている。
≪Configuration of shelter body≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the shelter body 2 is a member that forms the main body of the disaster prevention shelter 1 and the evacuation space R <b> 1 and is a hollow sphere made of synthetic resin. The shelter body 2 includes an entrance / exit 12 formed in the shelter body 2, a door member 8 that opens and closes the entrance / exit 12, a balancer 3 provided at a lower part 2 g of the shelter body 2, and a lower part 2 g on the outer periphery of the shelter body 2. A fixed leg 4. The shelter body 2 includes, for example, an outer layer member 21 that forms the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body 2, and a buffer material 22 that is fixed to the surface of the outer layer member 21 on the evacuation space R1 side and forms the inner wall surface of the shelter body 2. , Is formed.
 外層部材21は、例えば、複数の合成樹脂を積層した多層構造に形成された強化部材であり、シェルタ本体2の外壁部2aを形成している。外層部材21は、例えば、FRP樹脂、ロービングクロス、コア層、ガラス繊維、CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics)樹脂等で積層された複合積層材からなる。なお、その外層部材21の表面は、コーティング材で覆って、さらに強度を向上させてもよい。 The outer layer member 21 is, for example, a reinforcing member formed in a multilayer structure in which a plurality of synthetic resins are laminated, and forms the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2. The outer layer member 21 is made of a composite laminated material laminated with, for example, FRP resin, roving cloth, core layer, glass fiber, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) resin or the like. The surface of the outer layer member 21 may be covered with a coating material to further improve the strength.
 なお、外層部材21を構成するFRP樹脂は、いわゆる強化プラスチックといわれる合成樹脂であり、金属材料よりも比強度が強く、軽量で、耐熱性、難燃性及び耐食性に優れた素材である。このため、この外層部材21で形成されたシェルタ本体2は、衝撃に対して強く、折れ難い、壊れ難い、変形し難、腐らない構造の防災用シェルタ1にすることが可能となる。 The FRP resin that constitutes the outer layer member 21 is a so-called reinforced plastic, which is a synthetic resin that has a higher specific strength than a metal material, is lightweight, and has excellent heat resistance, flame resistance, and corrosion resistance. For this reason, the shelter body 2 formed by the outer layer member 21 is strong against impact, and can be made into the disaster prevention shelter 1 having a structure that is hard to break, hard to break, hard to deform, and does not rot.
 前記ロービングクロスは、縦糸及び横糸にロービングを用いて平織りして製織した織物であり、ガラスクロスと同様に縦方向及び横方向に対して強度を有する。
 コア層は、プラスチックやカーボングラファイト等の複数の薄い合成樹脂材料を積層して形成された芯材である。
 ガラス繊維は、ガラスを溶解して牽引して極細い繊維状にした材料であり、積層された外層部材21の耐衝撃性、耐熱性、強度及び軽量化を向上させるための部材である。
 コーティング材は、シェルタ本体2の外周面2fを覆う塗料からなり、ゲルコートコーテイングまたはゲルコート塗装といわれている。外層部材21の外壁部2aの表面は、コーティング材を塗装することにより、外壁部2aの凹凸をなくして光沢のある綺麗な面にすると共に、紫外線による劣化と、外壁部2aに傷が付くのを防止する機能も果たす。
 なお、外層部材21の表面の色は、遠くからでも発見し易い、例えば、蛍光色等の目立つ色が望ましい。
The roving cloth is a woven fabric woven by plain weaving warps and wefts using rovings, and has strength in the machine direction and the transverse direction, similar to a glass cloth.
The core layer is a core material formed by laminating a plurality of thin synthetic resin materials such as plastic and carbon graphite.
The glass fiber is a material obtained by melting and pulling glass into a very thin fiber shape, and is a member for improving impact resistance, heat resistance, strength, and weight reduction of the laminated outer layer member 21.
The coating material is made of a paint that covers the outer peripheral surface 2f of the shelter body 2, and is called gel coat coating or gel coat coating. The surface of the outer wall portion 2a of the outer layer member 21 is coated with a coating material so that the unevenness of the outer wall portion 2a is eliminated and the surface is glossy and beautiful. Further, the outer wall portion 2a is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays and the outer wall portion 2a is scratched. Also fulfills the function of preventing.
The surface color of the outer layer member 21 is preferably a conspicuous color such as a fluorescent color that is easy to find even from a distance.
 緩衝材22は、外壁部2aの外層部材21の内面全体に固着され内壁部2bを形成する内装部材であり、例えば、軟質で、衝撃を吸収するクッション性と、高熱及び低温が避難用空間R1に伝わるのを遮断する断熱性と、に優れた材料である発泡スチロール、ウレタン、あるいは、樹脂製段ボール等からなる。緩衝材22は、例えば、厚さが約10mm程度の厚板状の衝撃吸収材からなる。また、緩衝材22は、断熱材としての機能も果たすため、冬季や寒冷地や水上において、避難者を寒さから守ると共に、また、雪崩用の避難具としても、使用可能である。 The cushioning material 22 is an interior member that is fixed to the entire inner surface of the outer layer member 21 of the outer wall portion 2a and forms the inner wall portion 2b. For example, the cushioning material 22 is soft and has cushioning properties that absorb shocks, and high heat and low temperature are evacuation spaces R1. It consists of foamed polystyrene, urethane, resin corrugated cardboard, and the like, which are materials excellent in heat insulation properties that block transmission to the surface. The buffer material 22 is made of, for example, a thick plate-shaped impact absorbing material having a thickness of about 10 mm. In addition, since the cushioning material 22 also functions as a heat insulating material, it can be used as an evacuation device for an avalanche while protecting the refugee from the cold in winter, in cold regions, and on water.
≪出入口の構成≫
 図1に示すように、出入口12は、避難者が防災用シェルタ1内の避難用空間R1に出入りするための出入り口であり、後記する扉部材8によって開閉される。出入口12は、例えば、シェルタ本体2の側面部位の一箇所に円形に形成された孔からなり、出入口12の内周縁に全周に亘って環状に切欠形成された段差部12aを有している。
 図3及び図4に示すように、段差部12aは、断面視して略L字状に切欠形成され、扉部材8を閉塞した際に、扉部材8の周縁部8aの切欠部8bに設けられたシール材Sに圧縮した状態に圧接して出入口12を密閉させて完全防水にする。さらに、図3に示すように、扉部材8に設けた後記する係合部材80の係合部81に支持バー52の係止部53を係合させることにより、扉部材8の密閉状態を確実にすることができる。
≪Exit and exit composition≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the entrance / exit 12 is an entrance / exit for an evacuee to enter / exit into the evacuation space R <b> 1 in the disaster prevention shelter 1, and is opened / closed by a door member 8 described later. The entrance / exit 12 includes, for example, a hole formed in a circular shape at one location on the side surface portion of the shelter body 2, and has a stepped portion 12 a that is formed in an annular notch on the inner peripheral edge of the entrance / exit 12. .
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the stepped portion 12 a is formed in a substantially L-shaped notch when viewed in cross section, and is provided in the notched portion 8 b of the peripheral edge portion 8 a of the door member 8 when the door member 8 is closed. The sealing material S is pressed into a compressed state and the entrance 12 is sealed to make it completely waterproof. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the door member 8 is securely sealed by engaging the engaging portion 81 of the support bar 52 with the engaging portion 81 of the engaging member 80 described later provided on the door member 8. Can be.
 図4に示すように、前記段差部12aには、シール材Sが半分露出した状態で、このシール材Sが接着剤を介在して嵌着される環状溝12bが形成されている。
 環状溝12bは、例えば、Oリングまたはゴムチューブからなる環状のシール材Sを装着される溝である。
 環状溝12bの背面側(避難用空間R1)には、例えば、FRP樹脂によって形成された補強部材12cが、扉部材8の切欠部8bの避難用空間R1側に配置された係合部材80の補強部80aに対向して配置されている。
As shown in FIG. 4, the stepped portion 12a is formed with an annular groove 12b into which the seal material S is fitted with an adhesive in a state where the seal material S is half exposed.
The annular groove 12b is a groove in which an annular sealing material S made of, for example, an O-ring or a rubber tube is mounted.
On the back side (evacuation space R1) of the annular groove 12b, for example, a reinforcing member 12c formed of FRP resin is provided on the engagement member 80 disposed on the escape space R1 side of the notch 8b of the door member 8. It arrange | positions facing the reinforcement part 80a.
≪扉部材の構成≫
 図3~図5に示すように、前記扉部材8は、出入口12を、水が浸入しないように密閉した状態に閉めることが可能な開閉体(ハッチ)であり、シェルタ本体2の内側及び外側から開閉し、水密状態に出入口12を密閉した状態にロック・アンロックできるようになっている。この扉部材8は、円形の開閉板部材8cと、開閉板部材8cの周縁に形成された切欠部8bと、開閉板部材8cの中央部に設けられた係合部材80と、開閉板部材16cの外側寄りに設けられた取手8fと、扉部材8を閉塞状態にロックするロック機構19と、ヒンジ部材14と、を備えて構成されている。扉部材8は、出入口12を密閉状態にすることによって、防災用シェルタ1を、水、雨水、海水及び障害物から保護するカプセル状態にすることが可能なドアハッチである。
≪Composition of door member≫
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the door member 8 is an opening / closing body (hatch) capable of closing the doorway 12 in a sealed state so that water does not enter. The door 12 can be locked and unlocked in a state where the doorway 12 is sealed in a watertight state. The door member 8 includes a circular opening / closing plate member 8c, a notch 8b formed at the periphery of the opening / closing plate member 8c, an engagement member 80 provided at the center of the opening / closing plate member 8c, and an opening / closing plate member 16c. A handle 8f provided on the outer side, a lock mechanism 19 for locking the door member 8 in a closed state, and a hinge member 14 are provided. The door member 8 is a door hatch that can protect the shelter 1 for disaster prevention from water, rainwater, seawater and obstacles by sealing the doorway 12.
 前記周縁部8aは、開閉板部材8cの内側周縁部位であって扉部材8を閉塞した際に、防災用シェルタ1の出入口12に内嵌するようになっている。
 切欠部8bは、周縁部8aの避難用空間R1側に形成され、扉部材8を閉塞した際に、段差部12aに対して対向した位置に形成されている。
 開閉板部材8cは、例えば、出入口12をシェルタ本体2の外側から覆うようにして閉塞する樹脂製の厚板部材であり、後記するヒンジ部材14を中心として回動自在に軸支されている。
The peripheral edge portion 8a is an inner peripheral edge portion of the opening / closing plate member 8c and is fitted into the entrance / exit 12 of the disaster prevention shelter 1 when the door member 8 is closed.
The notch portion 8b is formed on the evacuation space R1 side of the peripheral edge portion 8a, and is formed at a position facing the step portion 12a when the door member 8 is closed.
The opening / closing plate member 8c is, for example, a resin thick plate member that closes the entrance / exit 12 so as to cover from the outside of the shelter body 2, and is pivotally supported around a hinge member 14 described later.
≪取手の構成≫
 図3に示すように、取手8fは、開閉板部材8cを回動させる際に手で持つための摘みであり、開閉板部材8cに設けられたロック機構19寄りの位置に配置されている。この取手8fは、例えば、開閉板部材8cに対して、半円状あるいはコ字状に形成されたビニール製あるいは軟質樹脂製のロープ状部材からなる。
≪Composition of the handle≫
As shown in FIG. 3, the handle 8f is a knob for holding by the hand when the opening / closing plate member 8c is rotated, and is disposed at a position near the lock mechanism 19 provided in the opening / closing plate member 8c. The handle 8f is made of, for example, a rope-like member made of vinyl or soft resin formed in a semicircular or U-shape with respect to the opening / closing plate member 8c.
≪ヒンジ部材の構成≫
 図3に示すように、ヒンジ部材14は、開閉板部材8cをシェルタ本体2に対して開閉自在に回動させるための連結部材であり、ロック機構19とは反対の位置に配置された蝶番からなる。このヒンジ部材14は、シェルタ本体2に固定され、軸棒挿入管を有する第1蝶番片14aと、開閉板部材8cに固定され、軸棒挿入管を有する第2蝶番片14bと、第1蝶番片14aの軸棒挿入管と第2蝶番片14bの軸棒挿入管とに挿入して回動自在に連結する軸棒部材14cと、から構成されている。
≪Configuration of hinge member≫
As shown in FIG. 3, the hinge member 14 is a connecting member for rotating the opening / closing plate member 8 c so as to be openable and closable with respect to the shelter body 2, and from a hinge disposed at a position opposite to the lock mechanism 19. Become. The hinge member 14 is fixed to the shelter body 2 and has a first hinge piece 14a having a shaft rod insertion tube, a second hinge piece 14b fixed to the opening / closing plate member 8c and having a shaft rod insertion tube, and a first hinge. The shaft rod member 14c is inserted into the shaft rod insertion tube of the piece 14a and the shaft rod insertion tube of the second hinge piece 14b and is rotatably connected.
≪係合部材の構成≫
 図3、図5及び図6に示すように、係合部材80は、前記支持バー52の先端部及び係止部53が係合する部材であり、扉部材8の避難用空間R1側の中央部に設置されている。係合部材80は、それぞれ後記する係合部81と、係合溝82と、扉締付面83と、延設部84とを一体形成された金属製板材または合成樹脂からなる。
≪Configuration of engaging member≫
As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, the engaging member 80 is a member that engages with the distal end portion of the support bar 52 and the engaging portion 53, and the center of the door member 8 on the evacuation space R <b> 1 side. Installed in the department. The engaging member 80 is made of a metal plate or synthetic resin in which an engaging portion 81, an engaging groove 82, a door fastening surface 83, and an extending portion 84, which will be described later, are integrally formed.
 係合部81は、球状の係止部53が収納・離脱されるポケット状部位であり、平面視して略コ字状に形成されている。
 図5に示すように、係合溝82は、係合部81の前面の上側中央部から真下に向けて切欠形成され、支持バー52の先端部が挿入される溝である。係合部81には、略V字状に形成されて支持バー52が係合部81の中央部に自動的に寄るように案内するためのガイド部82aと、このガイド部82aの下端から下側に向かって徐々に細くなるように形成された挟持溝82bと、が形成されている。
The engaging portion 81 is a pocket-shaped portion in which the spherical locking portion 53 is stored and removed, and is formed in a substantially U shape in plan view.
As shown in FIG. 5, the engaging groove 82 is a groove that is notched from the upper center portion of the front surface of the engaging portion 81 toward the bottom, and into which the distal end portion of the support bar 52 is inserted. The engaging portion 81 is formed in a substantially V-shape, and a guide portion 82a for guiding the support bar 52 so as to automatically move to the center portion of the engaging portion 81, and a lower portion from the lower end of the guide portion 82a. And a holding groove 82b formed so as to be gradually narrowed toward the side.
 図6に示すように、扉締付面83は、係合部81内に挿入された係止部53が摺接する摺動面であり、係合溝82の外側周縁部である。扉締付面83は、支持バー52の軸支部54を中心として回動する支持バー52を半径とする回動軌跡に対して拡径して形成された斜面からなる。扉締付面83は、係合部81の上側に形成されて緩斜面83aと、この緩斜面83aの下側に連続形成された急斜面83bと、からなる。
 図3及び図6に示すように、延設部84は、係合部81の下端部から扉部材8の周縁部8aまで延設された補強部材であり、下端部にL字状に折曲形成された補強部80aが形成されている。
As shown in FIG. 6, the door tightening surface 83 is a sliding surface with which the locking portion 53 inserted into the engaging portion 81 comes into sliding contact, and is an outer peripheral edge portion of the engaging groove 82. The door tightening surface 83 is a slope formed by expanding the diameter relative to a rotation locus having a radius of the support bar 52 that rotates about the shaft support portion 54 of the support bar 52. The door fastening surface 83 includes a gentle slope 83a formed on the upper side of the engaging portion 81, and a steep slope 83b continuously formed on the lower side of the gentle slope 83a.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the extended portion 84 is a reinforcing member that extends from the lower end portion of the engaging portion 81 to the peripheral edge portion 8 a of the door member 8, and is bent in an L shape at the lower end portion. The formed reinforcing part 80a is formed.
≪ロック機構の構成≫
 図7及び図8に示すように、ロック機構19は、シェルタ本体2の内側から扉部材8を密閉状態にロックするためのハッチ止め部材であり、防災用シェルタ1の内側に設けられている。ロック機構19は、扉部材8の周縁部8aの近傍に設けられた第1係合部19aと、この第1係合部19aに対して対向した状態でシェルタ本体2に設置された第2係合部19bと、第1係合部19a及び第2係合部19bに係合、離脱してロック状態、アンロック状態にするロック部材19cと、から主に構成されている。
≪Configuration of lock mechanism≫
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the lock mechanism 19 is a hatching member for locking the door member 8 in a sealed state from the inside of the shelter body 2, and is provided inside the disaster prevention shelter 1. The lock mechanism 19 includes a first engagement portion 19a provided in the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion 8a of the door member 8, and a second engagement disposed on the shelter body 2 in a state of facing the first engagement portion 19a. It is mainly composed of a joint portion 19b and a lock member 19c that engages and disengages from the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19b to bring it into a locked state and an unlocked state.
 第1係合部19aは、扉部材8の内側面に接着剤によって固着される平板部19dと、この平板部19dに一体成形されたコ字状部19eとからなる。第1係合部19aと第2係合部19bは、扉部材8において、ヒンジ部材14とは反対である対称位置に配置され、対称位置であれば逆であっても構わない。 The first engaging portion 19a includes a flat plate portion 19d fixed to the inner side surface of the door member 8 with an adhesive, and a U-shaped portion 19e integrally formed with the flat plate portion 19d. The first engaging portion 19a and the second engaging portion 19b are disposed at a symmetrical position opposite to the hinge member 14 in the door member 8, and may be reversed as long as they are symmetrical positions.
 第1係合部19a、第2係合部19bは、少なくとも、後記する鎌形部19hが挿入、離脱できるものでればよく、以下、それぞれが一体形状の場合を例に挙げて説明する。
 第2係合部19bは、平板部19fと、コ字状部19gとを一体形成してなり、平板部19fをシェルタ本体2の外壁部2aに接着剤で固着されている。
The first engaging portion 19a and the second engaging portion 19b are only required to be capable of inserting and detaching at least a sickle-shaped portion 19h, which will be described later.
The second engaging portion 19b is formed by integrally forming a flat plate portion 19f and a U-shaped portion 19g, and the flat plate portion 19f is fixed to the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2 with an adhesive.
 ロック部材19cは、第1係合部19aと第2係合部19bとを連結することによって、扉部材8で出入口12を閉塞した状態でシェルタ本体2に固定してロック状態及びアンロック状態にするための部材である。このロック部材19cは、前記鎌形部19hと、この鎌形部19hの基端部に連設された操作レバー部19iと、この操作レバー部19iを回動自在に軸支する軸支部19jと、から構成されている。 The lock member 19c is fixed to the shelter body 2 in a state in which the door 12 is closed by the door member 8 by connecting the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19b, so that the lock member 19c is locked and unlocked. It is a member for doing. The lock member 19c includes the sickle-shaped portion 19h, an operation lever portion 19i connected to the base end portion of the sickle-shaped portion 19h, and a shaft support portion 19j that pivotally supports the operation lever portion 19i. It is configured.
 鎌形部19hは、第1係合部19aのコ字状部19e、及び、第2係合部19bのコ字状部19gに係合することによって、扉部材8をロック状態にし、それらから離脱することにより、アンロック状態にする鎌形状(楔形状)のフック部材である。鎌形部19hは、楔形状に形成されていることにより、操作レバー部19iを操作した際に、楔の原理により扉部材8を内側に引き込む方向に力がコ字状部19gに働き、ガタツキなく締め付けることができる。 The sickle-shaped portion 19h engages with the U-shaped portion 19e of the first engaging portion 19a and the U-shaped portion 19g of the second engaging portion 19b, thereby bringing the door member 8 into a locked state and detaching from them. By doing so, it is a sickle-shaped (wedge-shaped) hook member that is unlocked. Since the sickle-shaped portion 19h is formed in a wedge shape, when the operation lever portion 19i is operated, the force acts on the U-shaped portion 19g in the direction in which the door member 8 is drawn inward due to the principle of the wedge, and there is no backlash. Can be tightened.
 操作レバー部19iは、防災用シェルタ1の内側にいる者が扉部材8を出入口12に閉塞した状態にロックするとき、あるいは、そのロック状態を解除する際に、操作する棒状部材である。この操作レバー部19iは、先端部に鎌形部19hが設けられ、中央部に軸支部19jが設けられている。図7示すように、操作レバー部19iは、例えば、矢印a方向に操作すると、この軸支部19jを中心として鎌形部19hが矢印b方向に回動して、第1係合部19a及び第2係合部19bに挿入されてロック状態になる。 The operation lever portion 19i is a rod-like member that is operated when a person inside the disaster prevention shelter 1 locks the door member 8 in the closed state with the doorway 12 or releases the locked state. The operation lever portion 19i is provided with a sickle-shaped portion 19h at the tip portion and a shaft support portion 19j at the center portion. As shown in FIG. 7, when the operation lever portion 19i is operated in the direction of the arrow a, for example, the sickle-shaped portion 19h rotates in the direction of the arrow b around the shaft support portion 19j, so that the first engagement portion 19a and the second engagement portion 19i It is inserted into the engaging portion 19b and becomes locked.
≪覗き窓の構成≫
 図9に示すように、覗き窓11は、シェルタ本体2内外から内外部を視認したり、太陽光を取り入れて避難用空間R1を明るくしたり、汚物等をシェルタ本体2外に投棄したりするための開閉式窓である。覗き窓11は、透明な強化プラスチック等の透明部材によって形成されたハッチ等からなる。覗き窓11の外周部には、不図示の窓枠ゴムが設けられて、覗き窓11の周縁とシェルタ本体2の窓孔(図示省略)とを水密状態に嵌着させるためのシール部材であり、接着剤によって覗き窓11に接着されている。
≪Configuration of the viewing window≫
As shown in FIG. 9, the viewing window 11 visually recognizes the inside and outside from the inside and outside of the shelter body 2, brightens the evacuation space R <b> 1 by taking in sunlight, and dumps filth and the like outside the shelter body 2. It is an opening-and-closing type window for. The observation window 11 is made of a hatch formed by a transparent member such as transparent reinforced plastic. A window frame rubber (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the viewing window 11, and is a seal member for fitting the periphery of the viewing window 11 and the window hole (not shown) of the shelter body 2 in a watertight state. It is adhered to the viewing window 11 with an adhesive.
≪空気口の構成≫
 図1に示すように、空気口15は、防災用シェルタ1外の外気を避難用空間R1内に流入させるための空気取入口用の窓であり、例えば、防災用シェルタ1の上部の二箇所に設けられている。空気口15は、後記するシェルタ本体2の内壁部2bから外壁部2aに貫通して形成された内径が30mm程度の孔に、空気口ハッチ17を嵌入してなる。空気口15は、例えば、避難用空間R1内から空気口ハッチ17を開閉操作することによって、大気中に連通するようになっている。
≪Composition of air opening≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the air port 15 is an air intake window for allowing outside air outside the disaster prevention shelter 1 to flow into the evacuation space R <b> 1. Is provided. The air port 15 is formed by inserting an air port hatch 17 into a hole having an inner diameter of about 30 mm formed so as to penetrate from the inner wall 2b of the shelter body 2 described later to the outer wall 2a. For example, the air port 15 communicates with the atmosphere by opening and closing the air port hatch 17 from within the evacuation space R1.
≪空気口ハッチの構成≫
 図9に示すように、前記空気口ハッチ17は、空気口15を密閉した状態に閉めることが可能な開閉体であり、シェルタ本体2(図1参照)に穿設された孔(図示省略)に内嵌された円筒部材17aと、この円筒部材17aの上部に一体形成された鍔部材17bと、円筒部材17a内に回動自在に軸支された弁体17cと、弁体17cに連結された弁体操作部材17dと、からなる。
≪Composition of the air mouth hatch≫
As shown in FIG. 9, the air opening hatch 17 is an opening / closing body capable of closing the air opening 15 in a sealed state, and is a hole (not shown) formed in the shelter body 2 (see FIG. 1). A cylindrical member 17a fitted into the cylindrical member 17a, a flange member 17b integrally formed on the upper part of the cylindrical member 17a, a valve body 17c pivotally supported in the cylindrical member 17a, and a valve body 17c. And a valve body operating member 17d.
 円筒部材17aは、上端部がシェルタ本体2(図1参照)の孔の上部に配置され、下端部が避難用空間R1(図1参照)内に突出した状態に配置されている。
 鍔部材17bは、シェルタ本体2の外側の孔の周縁部に接着剤で固定されている。
 弁体17cは、円筒部材17aを閉塞する円板状の部材からなり、下面に弁体操作部材17dが垂下した状態に連結されている。弁体17cは、例えば、その弁体操作部材17dを上側に押すと、弁体17cが軸支部(図示省略)を中心として回動して開弁し、弁体操作部材17dを下側に下降させると、弁体17cが軸支部(図示省略)を中心として回動して閉弁するようになっている。その弁体17cは、空気口15内に雨水、海水等の水が入ると、水の重さで自動的に閉弁するように構成されている。
The cylindrical member 17a has an upper end portion disposed above the hole of the shelter body 2 (see FIG. 1) and a lower end portion disposed so as to protrude into the evacuation space R1 (see FIG. 1).
The flange member 17b is fixed to the peripheral edge of the outer hole of the shelter body 2 with an adhesive.
The valve body 17c is made of a disk-like member that closes the cylindrical member 17a, and is connected to the lower surface of the valve body operating member 17d. For example, when the valve element operating member 17d is pushed upward, the valve element 17c rotates around a shaft support (not shown) to open, and the valve element operating member 17d is lowered downward. Then, the valve body 17c rotates around a shaft support (not shown) to close the valve. The valve body 17c is configured to automatically close with the weight of water when rainwater, seawater or the like enters the air port 15.
≪把持部の構成≫
 図1に示すように、把持部13は、避難者が、防災用シェルタ1を移動させるときに、手で握って引っ張ったり、持ち上げたりするための部位である。把持部13は、例えば、シェルタ本体2の外壁部2aの膝の高さ程度の位置に設置された複数の略コ字状の樹脂製部材からなる。
≪Configuration of gripping part≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the gripping part 13 is a part for an evacuee to hold and pull or lift with a hand when the disaster prevention shelter 1 is moved. The grip portion 13 is made of a plurality of substantially U-shaped resin members installed at a position about the height of the knee of the outer wall portion 2a of the shelter body 2, for example.
 図2に示すように、避難者が床面7上に座った状態において、避難者の肩の高さと略同じ高さのシェルタ本体2の内壁部2bには、避難者を拘束するシートベルト10が設けられている。このシートベルト10は、防災用シェルタ1が揺れる場合に避難者をシェルタ本体2に固定する拘束部材である。シートベルト10は、帯状のウエビング10aと、ウエビング10aの中央部位を内壁部2bにボルト締めするための取付金具10bと、ウエビング10aの一端部寄りに設けられたタング10cと、タング10cが着脱自在に結合されるバックル10dと、から構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, when the evacuee is sitting on the floor surface 7, the seat belt 10 that restrains the evacuee is placed on the inner wall 2 b of the shelter body 2 that is substantially the same height as the shoulder of the evacuee. Is provided. The seat belt 10 is a restraining member that fixes the evacuees to the shelter body 2 when the disaster prevention shelter 1 shakes. The seat belt 10 includes a belt-like webbing 10a, a mounting bracket 10b for bolting the central portion of the webbing 10a to the inner wall 2b, a tongue 10c provided near one end of the webbing 10a, and a tongue 10c. And a buckle 10d coupled to the.
≪SOS報知装置の構成≫
 図1に示すように、SOS報知装置9は、災害時に防災用シェルタ1内に一時的に緊急避難した避難者が、外部に対して救助の要請を知らせるための発信装置である。SOS報知装置は、シェルタ本体2の高い位置に埋設されたGPSチップ91と、文字を付記してなる表示部92等からなる。
≪Configuration of SOS notification device≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the SOS notification device 9 is a transmission device for an evacuee who has temporarily evacuated in the disaster prevention shelter 1 at the time of a disaster to notify a rescue request to the outside. The SOS notification device includes a GPS chip 91 embedded in a high position of the shelter body 2 and a display unit 92 having characters added thereto.
 GPSチップ91は、シェルタ本体2の上側の外周面2fに設置され、警察署、消防所、自衛隊等のソナーで、避難者の居場所を伝達できるようになっている。
 表示部92は、防災用シェルタ1の持ち主名、何人生存しているか等の文字や識別コード等を適宜に付記して表す表示部位であり、例えば、外周面2fの直接付記したものであっても、あるいは、外周面2fに設けた透明板に避難用空間R1から直接文字を付記するようにしたものであってもよい。
The GPS chip 91 is installed on the outer peripheral surface 2f on the upper side of the shelter body 2, and can transmit the location of the refugee by a sonar such as a police station, a fire station, or the Self-Defense Force.
The display unit 92 is a display part that appropriately indicates the owner name of the disaster prevention shelter 1, characters such as how many people are alive, an identification code, and the like, and is directly added to the outer peripheral surface 2 f, for example. Alternatively, characters may be directly added to the transparent plate provided on the outer peripheral surface 2f from the evacuation space R1.
 なお、SOS報知装置は、携帯電話や、発光ダイオードからなる表示装置であっても構わない。このため、シェルタ本体2の外周面2fには、太陽電池(図示省略)を取り付けて置くと便利である。また、備品収納室内には、手動式の発電装置を収納させて置くと便利である。 Note that the SOS notification device may be a mobile phone or a display device including a light emitting diode. For this reason, it is convenient to attach a solar cell (not shown) to the outer peripheral surface 2 f of the shelter body 2. It is also convenient to store a manual power generator in the equipment storage room.
≪防災用シェルタの作用≫
 次に、図1~図9を参照して本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタ1の作用を使用手順に沿って説明する。
≪Action of disaster prevention shelter≫
Next, the action of the disaster prevention shelter 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in accordance with the use procedure with reference to FIGS.
 図1~図2に示すように、防災用シェルタ1は、例えば、始めから地震、津波等の災害が来た場合を予想して、直ぐに、防災用シェルタ1内に逃げ込むことが可能な適宜な場所に配置して置くことが望ましい。防災用シェルタ1を配置して置く場所としては、例えば、屋内の床の上、あるいは、自宅の庭等の屋外の平らな地面上に置いて、災害が発生したときに備えておく。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the disaster prevention shelter 1 is an appropriate one that can immediately escape into the disaster prevention shelter 1 in anticipation of a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami from the beginning. It is desirable to place it in place. As a place where the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is arranged and placed, for example, it is placed on an indoor floor or on an outdoor flat ground such as a garden in the home to prepare for a disaster.
 移動や移設する場合は、例えば、クレーン(図示省略)の掛止部にフック16を掛けて、クレーンによって防災用シェルタ1を適宜な場所へ移動させる。錘材収納室R3及び脚部4内には、砂等の錘材6を入れておく。また、避難用空間R1内には、緊急避難用備品を入れておく。実験上、フック16は、荷重が500kgの防災用シェルタ1であっても、クレーンで引き上げることが可能であった。 When moving or moving, for example, the hook 16 is hung on a hanging portion of a crane (not shown), and the disaster prevention shelter 1 is moved to an appropriate place by the crane. A weight material 6 such as sand is placed in the weight material storage chamber R3 and the leg portion 4. In addition, emergency evacuation equipment is placed in the evacuation space R1. In the experiment, the hook 16 could be pulled up with a crane even if it was the shelter 1 for disaster prevention with a load of 500 kg.
 例えば、大きな予震が発生時や、緊急地震速報装置のお知らせがあったときには、一般に、大地震が発生するまでに10秒~数十秒程度の時間がある。大きな地震の予震やお知らせがあった場合、避難者は、出入口12から避難用空間R1に入り込んで避難する。 For example, when a large earthquake occurs or when an emergency earthquake warning device is notified, it usually takes about 10 seconds to several tens of seconds before a major earthquake occurs. When there is a pre-earthquake or notification of a large earthquake, the evacuees enter the evacuation space R1 from the entrance 12 and evacuate.
 防災用シェルタ1内に入った避難者は、図1に示す状態の支持バー52を上方向に上げて、先端の係止部53を図2に示すように、係合部81内に入れると共に、支持バー52の先端部を係合溝82内に入れて、その支持バー52を下方向(図5及び図6の矢印c,d方向)に押し下げる。すると、図4に示すように、扉部材8は、避難用空間R1側(矢印e方向)に引き寄せられて、周縁部8aの切欠部8bが出入口12のシール材Sに圧接して水密状態に閉塞される。 The evacuees who entered the disaster prevention shelter 1 raise the support bar 52 in the state shown in FIG. The tip of the support bar 52 is inserted into the engagement groove 82, and the support bar 52 is pushed downward (in the directions of arrows c and d in FIGS. 5 and 6). Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the door member 8 is drawn toward the evacuation space R1 (in the direction of arrow e), and the notch 8b of the peripheral edge 8a is pressed against the sealing material S of the entrance 12 to be in a watertight state. Blocked.
 次に、図8に示すように、操作レバー部19iは、矢印a方向に操作すると、この軸支部19jを中心として鎌形部19hが矢印b方向に回動して、第1係合部19a及び第2係合部19bに挿入されて水、扉部材8が出入口12の水密状態に閉塞したのを維持してロック状態にすることができる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when the operation lever portion 19i is operated in the direction of the arrow a, the sickle portion 19h rotates in the direction of the arrow b around the shaft support portion 19j, and the first engagement portion 19a and It is inserted into the second engagement portion 19b, and the water and the door member 8 can be kept in a locked state while maintaining the door 12 closed in a watertight state.
 また、図9に示す空気口ハッチ17の弁体操作部材17dを押し上げることにより、弁体17cが開弁して大気中の空気をシェルタ本体2内に取り入れることができる。弁体操作部材17dを引っ張れば、弁体17cが空気口ハッチ17を密閉した状態に閉弁させて、雨水や海水等の浸入を防止することができる。 Further, by pushing up the valve body operating member 17d of the air port hatch 17 shown in FIG. 9, the valve body 17c is opened and air in the atmosphere can be taken into the shelter body 2. If the valve element operating member 17d is pulled, the valve element 17c can close the air opening hatch 17 to prevent intrusion of rainwater or seawater.
 大地震で家屋が倒壊して建材等が防災用シェルタ1上に落下しても、また、崖崩れで土砂や瓦礫等が防災用シェルタ1上に落下しても、シェルタ本体2が強度を有するので、防災用シェルタ1内の避難者が下敷きになって押し潰されるのを防護することができる。つまり、防災用シェルタ1は、瓦礫等の障害物が当たっても壊れることなく、さらに、水等が浸入することがない防水性を備えたカプセル状になっているため、防災用シェルタ1内に避難した避難者をあらゆる災害から守ることができる。 Even if a house collapses due to a major earthquake and building materials fall on the disaster prevention shelter 1, or even if landslides or rubble fall on the disaster prevention shelter 1, the shelter body 2 has strength. Therefore, it can protect that the evacuee in the shelter 1 for disaster prevention becomes an underlay and is crushed. That is, since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is in a capsule shape with waterproofness that does not break even when an obstacle such as rubble hits, and water does not enter the shelter 1, Evacuated evacuees can be protected from any disaster.
 図1に示すように、シェルタ本体2は、外壁部2aがFRP樹脂等からなるので、衝撃性、強弾性、耐腐食性及び強度を備え、折れない、割れない、変形しない、腐らない、浮くという性質を備えている。さらに、シェルタ本体2は、その内壁部2bが、衝撃を吸収するクッション性と、熱及び低温が対する断熱性とを備えた緩衝材22からなるので、保温効果や緩衝性にも優れている。 As shown in FIG. 1, since the outer wall 2a is made of FRP resin or the like, the shelter body 2 has impact, strong elasticity, corrosion resistance and strength, and does not break, break, do not deform, do not rot, or float. It has the property of Furthermore, since the inner wall 2b of the shelter body 2 is made of the cushioning material 22 having a cushioning property that absorbs an impact and a heat insulating property against heat and low temperature, the heat retaining effect and the cushioning property are also excellent.
 このように、防災用シェルタ1は、強度、耐衝撃性、緩衝性等を備えていると共に、外形が球体であるので、瓦礫、鉄骨等の障害物や風雨や水等が当たったとしても、その負荷を受け流し易い形状をしているため、衝撃力を受け難い。
 このような防災用シェルタ1内に逃げ込んだ避難者は、避難用空間R1が前記した強度を有するカプセル状のシェルタ本体2に被われているので、衝撃を直接受けることが無い。衝撃を受けたとしても、防災用シェルタ1が揺れるだけで、凹んだり、割れたり、変形したり、水が浸入して来ることはない。強度実験を行った結果、防災用シェルタ1は、7.2トンの荷重に対しても変形することがなかった。特に、地上において置き台の役目を果たす脚部4は、河川に氾濫時や海上において、船底にあるセンタキールの役目を果たすので、防災用シェルタ1の揺れを安定化させるのに寄与する。
In this way, the disaster prevention shelter 1 has strength, impact resistance, buffering properties, etc., and the outer shape is a sphere, so even if it hits obstacles such as rubble, steel frames, wind and rain, water, etc. Since it has a shape that easily receives the load, it is difficult to receive an impact force.
Such evacuees who escape into the disaster prevention shelter 1 are not directly impacted because the evacuation space R1 is covered with the capsule-shaped shelter body 2 having the above-described strength. Even if it receives an impact, the shelter 1 for disaster prevention only shakes, and it does not dent, break, deform, or enter water. As a result of the strength experiment, the disaster prevention shelter 1 was not deformed even with a load of 7.2 tons. In particular, the leg 4 serving as a pedestal on the ground plays the role of a center keel at the bottom of the ship when the river is flooded or at sea, and thus contributes to stabilizing the shake of the shelter 1 for disaster prevention.
 図1に示す防災用シェルタ1は、揺れた際や、波のある水上に流された際に、バランサ3が重心を安定化させる役目を果たすので、揺れを抑制することができる。
 防災用シェルタ1は、喩え、土砂等によって押されて移動したり、転倒したりしたとしても、内壁部2b全体が緩衝材22で形成されているので、避難者が避難用空間R1内で内壁面に衝突しても、衝撃が緩衝材22で吸収されるため、ケガをすることがない。
 したがって、この防災用シェルタ1内に避難した避難者は、あらゆる災害に対して身を守ることが可能である。また、防災用シェルタ1は、あらゆる災害に耐えることができる強度を有する球状シェルタであるため、あらゆる災害時の人命救助や避難用シェルタとして使用することが可能である。
The disaster prevention shelter 1 shown in FIG. 1 plays a role of stabilizing the center of gravity when the balancer 3 shakes or is swept over water with waves, so that the shake can be suppressed.
Even if the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is moved by the analogy, earth and sand, or falls, the entire inner wall 2b is formed of the cushioning material 22, so that the evacuees are inside the evacuation space R1. Even if it collides with the wall surface, the shock is absorbed by the cushioning material 22 so that there is no injury.
Therefore, the evacuees who evacuate in the disaster prevention shelter 1 can protect themselves against any disaster. Moreover, since the disaster prevention shelter 1 is a spherical shelter having a strength capable of withstanding any disaster, it can be used as a lifesaving or evacuation shelter in any disaster.
 地震が静まって、防災用シェルタ1内から脱出する場合は、図8に示すように、防災用シェルタ1内にあるロック機構19の操作レバー部19iを操作して扉部材8を外方向に押せば、出入口12が開放され、防災用シェルタ1外に出ることができる。また、地震が続くようであれば、防災用シェルタ1内にしばらくの間、備品収納室R2に収納してある備品を利用するなどして避難していれば安全である。 When the earthquake stops and the escape from the disaster prevention shelter 1, as shown in FIG. 8, the operation lever part 19 i of the lock mechanism 19 in the disaster prevention shelter 1 is operated to push the door member 8 outward. In this case, the entrance / exit 12 is opened, and it is possible to go outside the shelter 1 for disaster prevention. Further, if the earthquake continues, it is safe to evacuate by using the equipment stored in the equipment storage room R2 for a while in the disaster prevention shelter 1.
 家屋の倒壊や崖崩れ等により、防災用シェルタ1の上に家屋の建材や土砂等の落下物があって、防災用シェルタ1内から出ることができない生き埋めの状態の場合には、SOS報知装置(図示省略)を操作して救助信号を発信し、助けを呼ぶことによって、早期に救助されることが可能となる。このようにして、避難者は、大地震時に自分自身の身体を防災用シェルタ1によって守ることが可能となる。また、防災用シェルタ1は、昼間おいて、外周面2fが目立つ黄色等の蛍光色で塗装されているので、発見され易い。防災用シェルタ1は、夜間において、LED等からなるSOS報知装置9を点灯表示することによって目立つため、救助者に発見され易い。
 また、SOS報知装置9は、GPSチップ91から救助発信信号を発信させたり、表示部92で救助を文字表示したりすることで、外部に発見し易くすることが可能である。
In the case where there is a fallen material such as building materials or earth and sand on the disaster prevention shelter 1 due to the collapse of the house or landslide, and so on, the SOS notification device By operating (not shown) to transmit a rescue signal and calling for help, it is possible to be rescued early. In this way, the evacuees can protect their bodies with the disaster prevention shelter 1 during a major earthquake. Moreover, since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is painted with fluorescent colors, such as yellow with which the outer peripheral surface 2f is conspicuous in the daytime, it is easy to be discovered. Since the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is conspicuous by turning on and displaying the SOS notification device 9 made of LEDs or the like at night, it is easily found by a rescuer.
Further, the SOS notification device 9 can make it easy to find outside by transmitting a rescue transmission signal from the GPS chip 91 or displaying a rescue message on the display unit 92.
[第1変形例]
 なお、本発明は、前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その技術的思想の範囲内で種々の改造及び変更が可能であり、本発明はこれら改造及び変更された発明にも及ぶことは勿論である。なお、既に説明した構成は同じ符号を付してその説明を省略する。
[First Modification]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea. The present invention extends to these modifications and changes. Of course. In addition, the already demonstrated structure attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits the description.
 図10は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第1変形例を示す図であり、使用状態を示す概略断面図である。図11は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第1変形例を示す図であり、シェルタ本体を開放したときの状態を示す概略拡大断面図である。 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic sectional view showing a use state. FIG. 11: is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a general | schematic expanded sectional view which shows a state when a shelter main body is open | released.
 前記実施形態では、扉部材8を備えた防災用シェルタ1(図1参照)を例に挙げて本発明を説明したが、図10及び図11に示す防災用シェルタ1Aのように、シェルタ本体2Aが二つに分割可能にして、シェルタ本体2A自体が開閉する小型のシェルタであっても構わない。 In the embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking the disaster prevention shelter 1 (see FIG. 1) including the door member 8 as an example. However, like the disaster prevention shelter 1A shown in FIGS. Can be divided into two, and the shelter body 2A itself may be a small shelter that opens and closes.
 この場合、シェルタ本体2Aは、図10に示すように、左側のシェルタ半体2A1と、右側のシェルタ半体2A2と、左側のバランサ3A1と、右側のバランサ3A2と、蝶番23Aと、ロック機構19Aと、吸気用ホース24Aと、吊革25Aとを主に備えている。シェルタ本体2Aは、半球形状の左側のシェルタ半体2A1と、このシェルタ半体2A1と対称な半球形の右側のシェルタ半体2A2とを、下端部に設けた蝶番23Aで開閉自在に連結した中空状の球体からなる。このシェルタ本体2Aは、強度が高く、弾丸性が大きいアラミド繊維入りのアラミド繊維強化プラスチック(AFRP、CFRP、DFRP、KFRP)や、ホーザンからなる。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the shelter body 2A includes a left shelter half 2A1, a right shelter half 2A2, a left balancer 3A1, a right balancer 3A2, a hinge 23A, and a lock mechanism 19A. And an intake hose 24A and a hanging leather 25A. The shelter body 2A is a hollow in which a hemispherical left shelter half 2A1 and a hemispherical right shelter half 2A2 symmetrical to the shelter half 2A1 are connected to each other by a hinge 23A provided at the lower end thereof. It consists of a spherical sphere. The shelter body 2A is made of aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP, CFRP, DFRP, KFRP) containing aramid fibers having high strength and high bullet properties, and hozan.
 左側のシェルタ半体2A1は、例えば、上側の内壁部2A1bに、避難者が外気を吸引して呼吸するための吸気用ホース24Aと、避難者が掴まるための吊革25Aと、が設けられ、上端部にシェルタ半体2Aaとシェルタ半体2Abとを閉塞した状態にロックするロック機構19Aを備え、下端部に、シェルタ半体2A1とシェルタ半体2A2とを開閉自在に接続する蝶番23Aと、錘材6を充填した左側のバランサ3A1と、を備えている。 The left half of the shelter 2A1, for example, is provided on the upper inner wall 2A1b with an intake hose 24A for the evacuee to suck and breathe outside air, and a hanging leather 25A for the refugee to hold. A locking mechanism 19A for locking the shelter half body 2Aa and the shelter half body 2Ab in a closed state at the upper end portion, and a hinge 23A for connecting the shelter half body 2A1 and the shelter half body 2A2 in an openable manner at the lower end portion; And a left balancer 3A1 filled with a weight material 6.
 図11に示すように、ロック機構19Aは、前記実施形態のロック機構19と同様に、シェルタ本体2Aの内側から左側のシェルタ半体2A1とシェルタ半体2A2とを密閉状態にロックするためのハッチ止め部材である。ロック機構19Aは、右側のシェルタ半体2A1の周縁部の近傍に設けられた環状の係合部19Aaと、この係合部19Aaに対して対向した位置のシェルタ半体2A1に設置されて、係合部19Aaに係合、離脱してロック状態、アンロック状態にするロック部材19Acと、から主に構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 11, the lock mechanism 19A is a hatch for locking the left half of the shelter 2A1 and the half of the shelter 2A2 from the inside of the shelter body 2A in a sealed state, similarly to the lock mechanism 19 of the above embodiment. It is a stop member. The lock mechanism 19A is installed in an annular engagement portion 19Aa provided in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the right-hand shelter half 2A1, and the shelter half 2A1 at a position facing the engagement portion 19Aa. The lock member 19Ac is mainly composed of a lock member 19Ac that is engaged and disengaged from the joint portion 19Aa so as to be locked and unlocked.
 ロック部材19Acは、係合部19Aaに連結させることによって、シェルタ半体2A1と、シェルタ半体2A2とが内嵌した状態でロックしたり、アンロック状態にするための部材である。ロック部材19Acは、鎌形状(楔形状)のフック部材からなる鎌形部19Ahと、この鎌形部19Ahの基端部に連設されてロック部材19Acを回動させる操作レバー部19Aiと、この操作レバー部19Aiを回動自在に軸支する軸支部19Ajと、から構成されている。 The lock member 19Ac is a member for locking or unlocking the shelter half body 2A1 and the shelter half body 2A2 by being connected to the engaging portion 19Aa. The lock member 19Ac includes a sickle-shaped portion 19Ah made of a sickle-shaped (wedge-shaped) hook member, an operation lever portion 19Ai connected to the base end portion of the sickle-shaped portion 19Ah and rotating the lock member 19Ac, and the operation lever And a shaft support portion 19Aj that rotatably supports the portion 19Ai.
 蝶番23Aは、左側のシェルタ半体2A1の下端部に固定された一方の蝶番片23Aaと、右側のシェルタ半体2A1の下端部に固定された他方の蝶番片23Abと、二つの蝶番片23Aa、蝶番片23Abを連結する軸棒部材23Acと、から構成されている。
 吸気用ホース24Aは、基端部が、大気に連通するように左側のシェルタ半体2A1の空気口15Aに固定された中空の蛇腹ホースからなり、先端部が、避難者が口でくわえて外気を吸う部位となっている。
 吊革25Aは、両端部を左側のシェルタ半体2A1の内壁部2A1bに固定されて、輪を描くように配置された帯状部材あるいはベルト状部材からなる。
The hinge 23A has one hinge piece 23Aa fixed to the lower end of the left shelter half 2A1, the other hinge piece 23Ab fixed to the lower end of the right shelter half 2A1, two hinge pieces 23Aa, The shaft bar member 23Ac connects the hinge piece 23Ab.
The intake hose 24A is a hollow bellows hose fixed to the air port 15A of the left half of the shelter half 2A1 so that the base end communicates with the atmosphere. It is a part that sucks.
The hanging leather 25A is composed of a belt-like member or a belt-like member that is fixed at both ends to the inner wall 2A1b of the left half of the shelter half 2A1 and draws a ring.
 右側のシェルタ半体2A2は、例えば、左側のシェルタ半体2A1の周縁部が内嵌する段差状の拡径部2A2aと、この拡径部2A2aに設けられた環状のシール材S2と、上端部に設けられロック機構19Aのロック部材19Acが係合する係合部19Aaと、下端部に設けられ錘材6を充填した左側のバランサ3A2と、前記蝶番23Aと、を備えている。 The right shelter half 2A2 includes, for example, a step-shaped enlarged diameter portion 2A2a into which the peripheral edge of the left shelter half 2A1 is fitted, an annular sealing material S2 provided on the enlarged diameter portion 2A2a, and an upper end portion. An engagement portion 19Aa that engages with a lock member 19Ac of the lock mechanism 19A, a left balancer 3A2 that is provided at a lower end portion and is filled with a weight material 6, and the hinge 23A.
 このように防災用シェルタ1は、小型に形成されても、アラミド繊維強化プラスチックから形成されていることによって、衝撃に対して強い強度を備えている。このため、家屋が倒壊するような大地震の際に、避難者が防災用シェルタ1内に逃げ込むことにより、落下して来る建材等の障害物から身を守ることができる。 Thus, even if the shelter 1 for disaster prevention is formed in a small size, the shelter 1 for disaster prevention has a strong strength against impact by being formed from an aramid fiber reinforced plastic. For this reason, when a refugee runs into the disaster prevention shelter 1 in the event of a large earthquake that causes the house to collapse, the body can be protected from obstacles such as falling building materials.
 また、空気口15Aは、シェルタ本体2Aに穿設した貫通孔に吸気用ホース24Aを内嵌したものであってもよい。つまり、空気口15Aは、避難用空間R1と大気中とを連通し、水等が浸入しないように閉塞できるものであれば、その構造は特に限定されない。 Further, the air port 15A may be one in which a suction hose 24A is fitted in a through hole formed in the shelter body 2A. That is, the structure of the air port 15A is not particularly limited as long as the air port 15A communicates with the evacuation space R1 and the atmosphere and can be blocked so that water or the like does not enter.
[第2変形例]
 図12は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第2変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。図13は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第2変形例を示す図であり、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。
[Second Modification]
FIG. 12: is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 13: is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the piston cylinder mechanism provided in the support | pillar.
 前記実施形態では、図1に示すように、シェルタ本体2の上部に空気口ハッチ17で開閉される空気口15を設けたことを説明したが、図12及び図13に示すように、支柱5Bにピストンシリンダ機構50Bを設けて、ピストンシリンダ機構50Bを利用してシェルタ本体2B外の大気を避難用空間R1内に取り込むようにしても構わない。 In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, it has been described that the air port 15 that is opened and closed by the air port hatch 17 is provided in the upper part of the shelter body 2, but as shown in FIGS. The piston cylinder mechanism 50B may be provided in the air, and the air outside the shelter body 2B may be taken into the evacuation space R1 using the piston cylinder mechanism 50B.
 この場合、防災用シェルタ1Bは、それぞれ後記する支柱5Bの支柱本体51Bと、第1逆止弁VB1と、第1空気取入口OB1と、ピストン50Baと、ピストンシャフト50Bbと、第1シリンダ室50Bcと、第2シリンダ室50Bdと、ハンドル5Baと、第1空気供給口O1と、第2逆止弁VB2と、第2空気取入口OB2と、第3逆止弁VB3と、空気取入管PB1と、第4逆止弁VB4と、ストッパ50Be,50Bfと、仕切部材50Bgと、漏防止部材50Bhと、支柱カバー5Bbと、を主に備えている。この支柱5Bは、管形状の支柱本体51Bと、この支柱本体51Bの中央部位から分岐して上方向に向けて延設された空気取入管PB1と、を接合してなる。 In this case, the disaster prevention shelter 1B includes the column body 51B of the column 5B, the first check valve VB1, the first air intake port OB1, the piston 50Ba, the piston shaft 50Bb, and the first cylinder chamber 50Bc. The second cylinder chamber 50Bd, the handle 5Ba, the first air supply port O1, the second check valve VB2, the second air intake port OB2, the third check valve VB3, and the air intake pipe PB1. The fourth check valve VB4, the stoppers 50Be and 50Bf, the partition member 50Bg, the leakage preventing member 50Bh, and the column cover 5Bb are mainly provided. This column 5B is formed by joining a tube-shaped column main body 51B and an air intake pipe PB1 branched from the central portion of the column main body 51B and extending upward.
 支柱本体51Bは、第1シリンダ室50Bc及び第2シリンダ室50Bdを形成すると共に、ピストン50Ba、ストッパ50Be,50Bf、仕切部材50Bg、及び、漏防止部材50Bhを内設し、ハンドル5Baを挿通している。支柱本体51Bは、この中空状に形成され、上部に大気中と連通し空気取入口開閉体VB5のスライド移動によって開閉される第1空気取入口OB1を有する管状部材からなる。この支柱本体51Bは、上端がシェルタ本体2Bの外周面2Bfまで延設され、下端が内底部2Bcまで延設されて、それぞれ固定されている。 The column main body 51B forms a first cylinder chamber 50Bc and a second cylinder chamber 50Bd, and is provided with a piston 50Ba, stoppers 50Be and 50Bf, a partition member 50Bg, and a leakage prevention member 50Bh, and is inserted through the handle 5Ba. Yes. The column main body 51B is formed in this hollow shape, and is formed of a tubular member having a first air intake port OB1 that communicates with the atmosphere and is opened and closed by sliding movement of the air intake opening / closing body VB5. The column main body 51B has an upper end extending to the outer peripheral surface 2Bf of the shelter main body 2B and a lower end extending to the inner bottom portion 2Bc, and is fixed thereto.
 第1逆止弁VB1は、第1空気取入口OB1に設けられ、支柱本体52B内から大気中方向へ流れる空気を阻止する一方向弁である。第1空気取入口OB1は、大気を第1シリンダ室50Bc内に取り入れるための取入口である。 The first check valve VB1 is a one-way valve that is provided at the first air inlet OB1 and blocks air flowing from the inside of the column main body 52B toward the atmosphere. The first air intake OB1 is an intake for taking in the atmosphere into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc.
 ピストン50Baは、ハンドル5Baの上下方向の操作によって上下動する部材であり、第1シリンダ室50Bcと第2シリンダ室50Bdとの間を上下動可能に支柱本体51Bに内設されている。ピストン50Baは、支柱本体51B内を第1シリンダ室50Bcと第2シリンダ室50Bdとに区画するように配置されている。
 ピストンシャフト50Bbは、上端がピストン50Baに連結され、下端が支柱本体51B内のハンドル5Baの基端部に連結されて、中央部が仕切部材50Bgに挿通され、仕切部材50Bgの上下部位にそれぞれストッパ50Be,50Bfが固定されている。
The piston 50Ba is a member that moves up and down by operating the handle 5Ba in the vertical direction, and is provided in the column main body 51B so as to be movable up and down between the first cylinder chamber 50Bc and the second cylinder chamber 50Bd. Piston 50Ba is arrange | positioned so that the inside of the support | pillar main body 51B may be divided into 1st cylinder chamber 50Bc and 2nd cylinder chamber 50Bd.
The piston shaft 50Bb has an upper end connected to the piston 50Ba, a lower end connected to the base end of the handle 5Ba in the column main body 51B, a center portion inserted through the partition member 50Bg, and stoppers at upper and lower portions of the partition member 50Bg. 50Be and 50Bf are fixed.
 第1シリンダ室50Bcは、支柱本体51B内において、第1逆止弁VB1からピストン50Baまでの間に亘って形成された空間であり、第1空気取入口OB1から取り込んだ空気が、ピストン50Baの上下動で第1シリンダ室50Bcを通って第1空気供給口O3へ流れるようになっている。
 第2シリンダ室50Bdは、支柱本体51B内において、ピストン50Baから仕切部材50Bgまでの間に亘って形成された空間であり、第2空気取入口OB2から取り込んだ空気が、ピストン50Baの上下動で第2シリンダ室50Bdを通って第2空気供給口O4へ流れるようになっている。
The first cylinder chamber 50Bc is a space formed between the first check valve VB1 and the piston 50Ba in the column main body 51B, and the air taken in from the first air intake port OB1 is in the piston 50Ba. It moves up and down to flow through the first cylinder chamber 50Bc to the first air supply port O3.
The second cylinder chamber 50Bd is a space formed between the piston 50Ba and the partition member 50Bg in the column main body 51B, and the air taken in from the second air intake port OB2 is moved up and down by the piston 50Ba. It flows through the second cylinder chamber 50Bd to the second air supply port O4.
 第1空気供給口O3は、第1シリンダ室50Bc内の空気を避難用空間R1に吐出させるための空気吐出口であり、支柱本体51Bにおいて、避難用空間R1内の上部となる部位に形成されている。第2逆止弁VB2は、この第1空気供給口O3に配置され、避難用空間R1から第1シリンダ室50Bc内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する一方向弁である。 The first air supply port O3 is an air discharge port for discharging the air in the first cylinder chamber 50Bc to the evacuation space R1, and is formed in a portion of the column body 51B that is an upper portion in the evacuation space R1. ing. The second check valve VB2 is a one-way valve that is disposed at the first air supply port O3 and blocks air flowing in the first cylinder chamber 50Bc from the evacuation space R1.
 第2空気供給口OB4は、第2シリンダ室50Bd内の空気を避難用空間R1に吐出する吐出口であり、支柱本体50Baの中央部位に形成されている。
 第3逆止弁VB3は、第2空気供給口OB4に設けられ、避難用空間R1から第2シリンダ室50Bd内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する一方向弁である。
The second air supply port OB4 is a discharge port that discharges the air in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd to the evacuation space R1, and is formed at the central portion of the column main body 50Ba.
The third check valve VB3 is a one-way valve that is provided in the second air supply port OB4 and blocks air flowing in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the evacuation space R1.
 前記ハンドル5Baは、ピストン50Baを上下動させて外気をピストンシリンダ機構50Bを介して避難用空間R1に手動的に取り込むための操作部材であり、支柱本体51Bに漏防止部材50Bhを介在して挿通した状態に設けられている。このハンドル5Baは、使用しないときには支柱本体51Bに沿うような状態に折り畳むことが可能な折り畳み式ハンドルになっている。
 漏防止部材50Bhは、支柱本体51B内の空気が支柱本体51B外に漏れるのを防止するためのシートであり、支柱本体51Bの内壁に移動自在に密着されるようにしてハンドル5Baに固定されている。
The handle 5Ba is an operating member for moving the piston 50Ba up and down to manually take outside air into the evacuation space R1 via the piston cylinder mechanism 50B. The handle 5Ba is inserted into the column main body 51B via the leakage preventing member 50Bh. It is provided in the state. The handle 5Ba is a foldable handle that can be folded along the column main body 51B when not in use.
The leakage preventing member 50Bh is a sheet for preventing air in the column main body 51B from leaking outside the column main body 51B, and is fixed to the handle 5Ba so as to be movably adhered to the inner wall of the column main body 51B. Yes.
 空気取入管PB1は、上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口OB2を有し、下端部に第2シリンダ室50Bdに連通する連通口OB5を有する配管である。
 第2空気取入口OB2は、シェルタ本体2Bの上方の外周面2Bfに配置されている。
 連通口OB5は、前記第2空気供給口OB4の対向した位置に形成されている。
 第4逆止弁VB4が、空気取入管PB1の連通口OB5に設けられ、第2シリンダ室50Bd内から空気取入管PB1内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する一方向弁である。
The air intake pipe PB1 is a pipe having a second air intake port OB2 communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a communication port OB5 communicating with the second cylinder chamber 50Bd at the lower end portion.
The second air intake OB2 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 2Bf above the shelter body 2B.
The communication port OB5 is formed at a position facing the second air supply port OB4.
The fourth check valve VB4 is a one-way valve that is provided at the communication port OB5 of the air intake pipe PB1 and blocks air flowing in the air intake pipe PB1 from the second cylinder chamber 50Bd.
 前記ストッパ50Be,50Bfは、一体に上下動するピストン50Ba、ピストンシャフト50Bb及びハンドル5Baの上下動する範囲Hを、仕切部材50Bgに当接することで規制するための厚板状部材であり、ピストンシャフト50Bbに固定されている。 The stoppers 50Be and 50Bf are thick plate-like members for restricting the vertically moving range H of the piston 50Ba, the piston shaft 50Bb, and the handle 5Ba that move up and down integrally by contacting the partition member 50Bg. It is fixed at 50Bb.
 仕切部材50Bgは、支柱本体51B内において、第2シリンダ室50Bdと、この第2シリンダ室50Bdの下側に形成された中空部2Biとに区画する部材であり、支柱本体51Bに固定された厚板状部材からなる。
 支柱カバー5Bbは、支柱5Bを上端部から下端部に亘って覆う保護カバーであり、例えば、弾性を有する合成樹脂製の略円筒形状のカバー部材からなる。支柱カバー5Bbは、防災用シェルタ1Bが揺れて避難者が支柱5Bに衝突した際の緩衝材の役目も果たす。
 また、シェルタ本体2Bの上部には、避難用空間R1内の空気を大気中に放出させるための換気口OB6が形成されている。
The partition member 50Bg is a member that divides the column body 51B into a second cylinder chamber 50Bd and a hollow portion 2Bi formed below the second cylinder chamber 50Bd, and has a thickness fixed to the column body 51B. It consists of a plate-shaped member.
The column cover 5Bb is a protective cover that covers the column 5B from the upper end portion to the lower end portion, and is made of, for example, a substantially cylindrical cover member made of synthetic resin having elasticity. The column cover 5Bb also serves as a cushioning material when the shelter 1B for disaster prevention shakes and the evacuees collide with the column 5B.
In addition, a ventilation port OB6 for releasing the air in the evacuation space R1 into the atmosphere is formed in the upper part of the shelter body 2B.
 このように構成された本発明の第2変形例は、避難者が外気を避難用空間R1内を大気中の空気と交換して空気の入れ換えを行いたい場合、ハンドル5Baを手動で上下動させる。すると、ピストン50aは、ハンドル5Baに連動して上下動する。ピストン50Baが下降すると、第1空気取入口OB1から第1シリンダ室50Bc内に大気が取り込まれると共に、第2シリンダ室50Bd内の空気が、第3逆止弁VB3を押し開けて第2空気供給口OB4から避難用空間R1内に大気が供給される。そして、避難用空間R1内に大気が入り込んだことにより、入り込んだ空気の分だけ、避難用空間R1内に空気が換気口OB6から大気中に排出される。 The second modified example of the present invention configured as described above is that the evacuee manually moves the handle 5Ba up and down when the outside air is exchanged with the air in the evacuation space R1 to exchange the air. . Then, the piston 50a moves up and down in conjunction with the handle 5Ba. When the piston 50Ba is lowered, the atmosphere is taken into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc from the first air intake port OB1, and the air in the second cylinder chamber 50Bd pushes the third check valve VB3 to open the second air supply. Air is supplied from the mouth OB4 into the evacuation space R1. Then, as air enters the evacuation space R1, air is discharged into the evacuation space R1 from the ventilation port OB6 to the atmosphere by the amount of the air that has entered.
 また、ピストン50Baが上昇すると、第1空気取入口OB1の第1逆止弁VB1が閉弁して、第1シリンダ室50Bc内に空気が、第2逆止弁VB2に押し開けて第1空気供給口O3から避難用空間R1内に空気が供給される。そして、避難用空間R1内に大気が入り込んだことにより、入り込んだ空気の分だけ、避難用空間R1内に空気が換気口OB6から大気中に排出される。また、大気中の空気は、第2空気取入口OB2から空気取入管PB1内に入り込んで、第4逆止弁VB4を押し開けて連通口OB5から第2シリンダ室50Bdに大気が取り込まれるようになっている。このため、シェルタ本体2B内が、水の浸入しない密閉状態であったとしても、外気を避難用空間R1内に取り込めるので、酸欠状態になることがない。その結果、防災用シェルタ1Bは、海上や水上や地上等のあらゆる場所で使用することが可能である。 Further, when the piston 50Ba rises, the first check valve VB1 of the first air intake port OB1 is closed, so that air is pushed into the first cylinder chamber 50Bc and opened to the second check valve VB2, and the first air is opened. Air is supplied from the supply port O3 into the evacuation space R1. Then, as air enters the evacuation space R1, air is discharged into the evacuation space R1 from the ventilation port OB6 to the atmosphere by the amount of the air that has entered. In addition, air in the atmosphere enters the air intake pipe PB1 from the second air intake port OB2 and pushes open the fourth check valve VB4 so that the air is taken into the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the communication port OB5. It has become. For this reason, even if the inside of the shelter main body 2B is in a sealed state where water does not enter, the outside air can be taken into the evacuation space R1, so that there is no lack of oxygen. As a result, the disaster prevention shelter 1B can be used at any location such as at sea, on the water, and on the ground.
 また、備品収納室R2内には、例えば、酸素吸入器93a及びホース93bを有する酸素ボンベ93を設置しておいてもよい。
 また、錘材収納室R3には、飲料水とバランサ3の役目を果たす水WをタンクTに入れて収納しておいてもよい。
Further, for example, an oxygen cylinder 93 having an oxygen inhaler 93a and a hose 93b may be installed in the equipment storage chamber R2.
The weight material storage chamber R3 may store drinking water and water W serving as the balancer 3 in the tank T.
[第3変形例]
 図14は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第3変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。
 前記第2変形例では、図13に示すように、上下動させてピストン50Baを駆動させるハンドル5Baを説明したが、これに限定されるものではない。図14に示すように、ハンドル5Caは、ピストン50Caと、上端がピストン50Caに連結され、下端が回転体50Ccに連結されたロッド50Cbと、支柱本体51C内に回転自在に支軸された前記回転体50Ccと、一端が回転体50Ccの中心に固定され、他端に回転式のハンドル5Caを設けたレバー50Cdと、レバー50Cdを軸支する軸部材50Ceと、を連結して、このハンドル5Caを回転させることによって、ピストンクランク機構で回転体50Cc及びレバー50Cdを回転させるようにしてもよい。
[Third Modification]
FIG. 14 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a third modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the second modified example, as shown in FIG. 13, the handle 5 </ b> Ba that moves up and down to drive the piston 50 </ b> Ba has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 14, the handle 5Ca has a piston 50Ca, a rod 50Cb having an upper end coupled to the piston 50Ca, and a lower end coupled to the rotating body 50Cc, and the rotation pivotally supported in the column main body 51C. The body 50Cc is connected to a lever 50Cd having one end fixed to the center of the rotating body 50Cc and the other end provided with a rotary handle 5Ca and a shaft member 50Ce that pivotally supports the lever 50Cd. By rotating, the rotating body 50Cc and the lever 50Cd may be rotated by the piston crank mechanism.
 このようにすれば、前記第2変形例で説明した図13に示すハンドル5Baを上下方向に移動させるために支柱本体51Bに形成したスリット状の溝や、この溝を密閉させるための漏防止部材50Bhが不要となる。つまり、図14に示すレバー50Cdの軸部材50Ceは、Oリング(図示省略)を介在して支柱本体51Cに軸支することにより、簡単に密閉状態の部位にハンドル5Caを設けることができる。 If it does in this way, the slit-shaped groove | channel formed in the support | pillar main body 51B in order to move the handle | steering-wheel 5Ba shown in FIG. 13 demonstrated in the said 2nd modification to an up-down direction, and the leak prevention member for sealing this groove | channel 50Bh is unnecessary. That is, the shaft member 50Ce of the lever 50Cd shown in FIG. 14 can be easily provided with the handle 5Ca in a sealed part by pivotally supporting the column main body 51C via an O-ring (not shown).
[第4変形例]
 図15は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第4変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。図16は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第4変形例を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。
 前記第2変形例では、図13に示すように、第1空気取入口OB1を垂直な支柱本体51Bの上端に設けて、その第1空気取入口OB1をシェルタ本体2Bの外周面2Bfに設けた空気取入口開閉体VB5を避難用空間R1外で操作して開閉するようにしたがこれに限定されるものではない。
[Fourth Modification]
FIG. 15: is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 16: is a principal part expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 4th modification of the shelter for disaster prevention which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
In the second modification, as shown in FIG. 13, the first air intake OB1 is provided at the upper end of the vertical column main body 51B, and the first air intake OB1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 2Bf of the shelter main body 2B. The air intake opening / closing body VB5 is operated and opened outside the evacuation space R1, but the present invention is not limited to this.
 つまり、空気取入口開閉弁VD1は、支柱本体51Dの上端部を水平に折曲させて、空気取入口OD1を横方向に向けて形成すると共に、空気取入口開閉弁VD1を避難用空間R1内から押し引き操作して開閉できるようにしてもよい。 That is, the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 is formed by bending the upper end portion of the column main body 51D horizontally so that the air intake opening OD1 faces in the lateral direction, and the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 is disposed in the evacuation space R1. It may be possible to open and close by pushing and pulling from.
 この場合、空気取入口開閉弁VD1は、この空気取入口開閉弁VD1の弁体VD1aと、この弁体VD1aを操作するためのノブVD1bと、避難用空間R1内に配置された前記ノブVD1bとシェルタ本体2D外に配置された弁体VD1aとを連結する連結部材VD1cと、を備えて構成されている。 In this case, the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 includes a valve body VD1a of the air intake opening / closing valve VD1, a knob VD1b for operating the valve body VD1a, and the knob VD1b disposed in the evacuation space R1. And a connecting member VD1c that connects the valve body VD1a disposed outside the shelter body 2D.
 ピストンシリンダ機構50Dは、前記第2変形例で説明したピストンシリンダ機構50B(図13参照)と略同一構造であり、支柱5Dの上端部を略L字状に折曲させて空気取入口開閉弁VD1を設けた点が相違しているので、同一構造の部位の説明は省略する。
 弁体VD1aは、空気取入口OD1の開口端をスライド移動させることで、開弁、閉弁される板状の部材からなる。ノブVD1bは、上下方向に押し引き操作する操作部材であり、避難用空間R1内の天井部2Deに配置されている。連結部材VD1cは、シェルタ本体2Dの天井部2Deに穿設された貫通孔2Diに進退自在に挿入されている。
The piston cylinder mechanism 50D has substantially the same structure as the piston cylinder mechanism 50B (see FIG. 13) described in the second modification, and the upper end portion of the support column 5D is bent into a substantially L shape so as to be an air intake opening / closing valve. Since the point which provided VD1 is different, description of the site | part of the same structure is abbreviate | omitted.
The valve body VD1a is a plate-like member that is opened and closed by sliding the opening end of the air intake port OD1. The knob VD1b is an operation member that pushes and pulls up and down, and is disposed on the ceiling 2De in the evacuation space R1. The connecting member VD1c is inserted into a through hole 2Di formed in the ceiling portion 2De of the shelter body 2D so as to freely advance and retract.
 空気取入口開閉弁VD1をこのよう構成したことによって、避難者は、空気取入口開閉弁VD1を避難用空間R1内から開閉操作できるため、シェルタ本体2B外に出て空気取入口開閉弁VD1を開閉する必要がないので、便利である。 By configuring the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 in this manner, the evacuees can open and close the air intake opening / closing valve VD1 from the inside of the evacuation space R1. It is convenient because it does not need to be opened and closed.
 また、シェルタ本体2Dは、図16に示すように、外壁部2Daを耐火性、耐高温性に優れて比重が水よりも軽く、水に浮く気泡コンクリートで成形してもよい。この場合、内壁部2Dbは、強化プラスチック(FRP)等の強度に優れている合成樹脂で形成する。 Further, as shown in FIG. 16, in the shelter body 2D, the outer wall 2Da may be formed of cellular concrete that is excellent in fire resistance and high temperature resistance, has a specific gravity lighter than water, and floats on water. In this case, the inner wall 2Db is formed of a synthetic resin having excellent strength such as reinforced plastic (FRP).
 このように、シェルタ本体2Dを形成することによって、防災用シェルタ1Dは、水や海水に浮き、搬送性も向上されたものとすることができると共に、火災の際の火に耐える構造にすることができる。このため、防災用シェルタ1Dは、地震、津波、洪水、火災等のあらゆる災害に利用することが可能となる。 Thus, by forming the shelter body 2D, the disaster prevention shelter 1D can float on water and seawater, improve transportability, and have a structure that can withstand the fire in the event of a fire. Can do. For this reason, the shelter 1D for disaster prevention can be used for all disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and fires.
[第5変形例]
 図17は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第5変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。図18は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第5変形例を示す図であり、支柱に設けたピストンシリンダ機構を示す要部拡大概略縦断面図である。
[Fifth Modification]
FIG. 17 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a fifth modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a view showing a fifth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a piston cylinder mechanism provided on a support column.
 前記第2変形例では、図12及び図13に示すように、支柱5Bにピストンシリンダ機構50Bを設けて、ハンドル5Baを手動的に操作することでピストン50Caを作動させて、シェルタ本体2B外の大気を避難用空間R1内に取り込むことを説明したが、図17及び図18に示すように、自動的にかつ強制的にピストンシリンダ機構50Eを駆動させてもよい。 In the second modification, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a piston cylinder mechanism 50B is provided on the support column 5B, and the handle 50Ba is manually operated to operate the piston 50Ca, so that the outside of the shelter main body 2B. Although it has been described that the atmosphere is taken into the evacuation space R1, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the piston cylinder mechanism 50E may be driven automatically and forcibly.
 この場合、防災用シェルタ1Eは、図18に示すように、それぞれ後記する支柱5Eの支柱本体51Eと、大気排出口OE1と、第1逆止弁VE1と、第1ピストン50Eaと、第2ピストン50Ebと、ピストンシャフト50Ecと、第1エアシリンダ室50Edと、第2エアシリンダ室50Eeと、第3エアシリンダ室50Efと、ウォータシリンダ室50Egと、隔壁50Ehと、室内空気取込口OE2と、第2逆止弁VE2と、第1空気供給口OE3と、第3逆止弁VE3と、第2空気供給口OE4と、第4逆止弁VE4と、第1空気取入管PE1と、第1空気取入口OE5と、第1連通口OE6と、第1一方向弁VE5と、第5逆止弁VE6と、第2空気取入口OE7と、第2一方向弁VE7と、第2空気取入管PE2と、第2連通口OE8と、バルブカバー50Eiと、支柱カバー5Ebと、を備えている。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 18, the disaster prevention shelter 1E includes a column body 51E of the column 5E, an air outlet OE1, a first check valve VE1, a first piston 50Ea, and a second piston, which will be described later. 50Eb, piston shaft 50Ec, first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, third air cylinder chamber 50Ef, water cylinder chamber 50Eg, partition wall 50Eh, indoor air intake port OE2, The second check valve VE2, the first air supply port OE3, the third check valve VE3, the second air supply port OE4, the fourth check valve VE4, the first air intake pipe PE1, the first Air intake port OE5, first communication port OE6, first one-way valve VE5, fifth check valve VE6, second air intake port OE7, second one-way valve VE7, and second air intake tube PE2 and second And passing port OE8, it includes a valve cover 50Ei, a post cover 5Eb, the.
 支柱5Eは、管形状の支柱本体51Eと、この支柱本体51Eの中央部位から分岐して上方向に向けてそれぞれ延設された第1空気取入管PE1及び第2空気取入管PE2と、を接合してなる。
 図17に示すように、支柱本体51Eは、上端部がシェルタ本体2Eを貫通して上側外壁面まで配置され、下端部が備品収納室R2、錘材収納室R3、シェルタ本体2E及び脚部4Eを貫通して配置され、脚部4Eの外側まで連通している。このため、防災用シェルタ1Eを水面及び海水面に浮かべ際には、水及び海水が支柱本体51E内に下側開口部51Eaから入り込む構造になっている。つまり、支柱本体51Eは、水上では中空状に形成されて、上端部が大気中と連通し、下端部が水中に連通している。支柱本体51Eは、緩衝用の支柱カバー5Ebによって覆われている。
The column 5E joins a tube-shaped column main body 51E and a first air intake pipe PE1 and a second air intake pipe PE2 that branch from the central part of the column main body 51E and extend upward. Do it.
As shown in FIG. 17, the column main body 51E has an upper end portion penetrating the shelter main body 2E to the upper outer wall surface, and a lower end portion of the equipment storage chamber R2, weight material storage chamber R3, shelter main body 2E, and leg portion 4E. And communicates to the outside of the leg 4E. For this reason, when the shelter 1E for disaster prevention is floated on the water surface and the seawater surface, the structure is such that water and seawater enter the support main body 51E from the lower opening 51Ea. That is, the column main body 51E is formed in a hollow shape on the water, and its upper end communicates with the atmosphere and its lower end communicates with the water. The column main body 51E is covered with a buffer column cover 5Eb.
 大気排出口OE1は、第1エアシリンダ室50Ed内の空気を大気中に排出するための排出口であり、通気孔50Ejを有するバルブカバー50Eiによって覆われている。
 第1逆止弁VE1は、大気排出口OE1に設けられ、大気中から支柱本体51E内方向へ流れる空気を阻止するワンウェイバルブである。この第1逆止弁VE1の弁体は、後記する第1一方向弁VE5の弁体及び第2一方向弁VE7の弁体に連動するように連結部材VE5a,VE7aによって連結されている。
The air discharge port OE1 is a discharge port for discharging the air in the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed to the atmosphere, and is covered with a valve cover 50Ei having a vent hole 50Ej.
The first check valve VE1 is a one-way valve that is provided at the air outlet OE1 and blocks air flowing from the atmosphere inward to the column main body 51E. The valve body of the first check valve VE1 is connected by connecting members VE5a and VE7a so as to be interlocked with a valve body of a first one-way valve VE5 and a valve body of a second one-way valve VE7 which will be described later.
 第1ピストン50Eaは、支柱本体5E内に移動可能に配置され、支柱本体5E内を第1エアシリンダ室50Edと第2エアシリンダ室50Eeとに区画するように配置されている。
 第2ピストン50Ebは、支柱本体5E内に移動自在に設けられ、ピストンシャフト50Ecの他端に連結されて第1ピストン50Ea及び第2ピストン50Ebと共に進退すると共に、支柱本体5E内を第3エアシリンダ室50Efとウォータシリンダ室50Egとに区画するように配置されている。この第2ピストン50Ebは、海水の波動または水の波動によって進退(上下動)する。
 ピストンシャフト50Ecは、中央部が隔壁50Ehを挿通して、上端が第1ピストン50Eaに連結され、下端が第2ピストン50Ebに連結された円柱状の部材である。
The first piston 50Ea is movably disposed in the column body 5E, and is disposed so as to partition the column body 5E into a first air cylinder chamber 50Ed and a second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
The second piston 50Eb is movably provided in the column main body 5E. The second piston 50Eb is connected to the other end of the piston shaft 50Ec and advances and retreats together with the first piston 50Ea and the second piston 50Eb. It arrange | positions so that it may divide into the chamber 50Ef and the water cylinder chamber 50Eg. The second piston 50Eb moves back and forth (up and down) by the wave of seawater or the wave of water.
The piston shaft 50Ec is a columnar member having a central portion inserted through the partition wall 50Eh, an upper end connected to the first piston 50Ea, and a lower end connected to the second piston 50Eb.
 第1エアシリンダ室50Edは、支柱本体51E内において、第1逆止弁VE1から第1ピストン50Eaまでの間に亘って形成された空間であり、室内空気取込口OE2から取り込んだ避難用空間R1内の空気が、第1ピストン50Eaの上下動で第1エアシリンダ室50Ed、大気排出口OE1を通って大気中に排出されるようになっている。 The first air cylinder chamber 50Ed is a space formed between the first check valve VE1 and the first piston 50Ea in the column main body 51E, and is an evacuation space taken in from the indoor air intake port OE2. The air in R1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed and the air discharge port OE1 by the vertical movement of the first piston 50Ea.
 第2エアシリンダ室50Eedは、支柱本体51E内において、第1ピストン50Eaから隔壁50Ehまでの間に亘って形成された空間であり、第1ピストン50Eaが上昇したときに、第1一方向弁VE5が開弁して第1空気取入口OE5から第1空気取入管PE1内に取り込んだ空気が、第5逆止弁VE6を押し開けて第1連通口OE6から第2シリンダ室50Bd内に入り込むようになっている。また、第1ピストン50Eaが下降すると、この第2エアシリンダ室50Eed内の空気が、第3逆止弁VE3を押し開けて第1空気供給口OE3から避難用空間R1内に空気が入り込むようになっている。 The second air cylinder chamber 50Eed is a space formed between the first piston 50Ea and the partition wall 50Eh in the column main body 51E. When the first piston 50Ea rises, the first one-way valve VE5. Opens and the air taken into the first air intake pipe PE1 from the first air inlet OE5 pushes open the fifth check valve VE6 and enters the second cylinder chamber 50Bd from the first communication port OE6. It has become. Further, when the first piston 50Ea is lowered, the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Eed pushes open the third check valve VE3 so that the air enters the evacuation space R1 from the first air supply port OE3. It has become.
 第3エアシリンダ室50Efは、支柱本体51E内において、第3エアシリンダ室50Efは、第2ピストン50Ebが下降すると、第2一方向弁VE7が開弁して第2空気取入口OE7から第2空気取入管PE2内に取り込んだ空気が、第6逆止弁VE8を押し開けて第2連通口OE8から第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内に入り込むようになっている。また、第2ピストン50Ebから隔壁50Ehまでの間に亘って形成された空間であり、第2ピストン50Ebが上昇したときに、第4逆止弁VE4が押し開けられて第2空気供給口OE4から第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内の空気が避難用空間R1内に空気が供給されるようになっている。 In the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef, the second one-way valve VE7 is opened when the second piston 50Eb is lowered in the column main body 51E, and the second air intake port OE7 is connected to the second air intake port OE7. The air taken into the air intake pipe PE2 pushes open the sixth check valve VE8 and enters the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef from the second communication port OE8. Further, it is a space formed between the second piston 50Eb and the partition wall 50Eh. When the second piston 50Eb rises, the fourth check valve VE4 is pushed open from the second air supply port OE4. Air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef is supplied to the evacuation space R1.
 ウォータシリンダ室50Egは、防災用シェルタ1Eが海上または水上に流された際に、海中または水中に連通して海水または水が入り込む筒状のシリンダ室であり、上部に第2ピストン50Ebが上昇、下降自在に配置されている。そして、ウォータシリンダ室50Egは、防災用シェルタ1Eが浮上している海水または水の波動(波の上下動)で第2ピストン50Ebが押し上げられたり、引き下げられたりする。 The water cylinder chamber 50Eg is a cylindrical cylinder chamber in which seawater or water enters into the sea or water when the disaster prevention shelter 1E flows over the sea or water, and the second piston 50Eb rises at the top. It is arranged so that it can descend. In the water cylinder chamber 50Eg, the second piston 50Eb is pushed up or down by the wave of seawater or water (the vertical movement of the wave) where the shelter 1E for disaster prevention is rising.
 隔壁50Ehは、支柱本体51E内を第2エアシリンダ室50Eeと第3エアシリンダ室50Efとに区画する仕切部材であり、隔壁50Ehの外周部が、支柱本体51E内に節目を形成するように固定されている。隔壁50Ehは、中央部にピストンシャフト50Ecが上下動自在に挿入されている。 The partition wall 50Eh is a partition member that partitions the inside of the column main body 51E into a second air cylinder chamber 50Ee and a third air cylinder chamber 50Ef, and is fixed so that the outer peripheral portion of the partition wall 50Eh forms a knot in the column main body 51E. Has been. The partition wall 50Eh has a piston shaft 50Ec inserted in the center thereof so as to be movable up and down.
 室内空気取込口OE2は、避難用空間R1内の空気を第1エアシリンダ室50Ed内に取り入れる取込口であり、第1エアシリンダ室50Edの外壁に形成されている。
 第2逆止弁VE2は、その室内空気取込口OE2に設けられ、第1エアシリンダ室50Ed内から避難用空間R1内方向へ流れる空気を阻止するワンウェイバルブである。
The indoor air intake OE2 is an intake for taking in the air in the evacuation space R1 into the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, and is formed on the outer wall of the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed.
The second check valve VE2 is a one-way valve that is provided at the indoor air intake port OE2 and blocks air flowing in the evacuation space R1 from the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed.
 第1空気供給口OE3は、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内の空気を避難用空間R1に供給する吐出口であり、第2エアシリンダ室50Eeの内壁に形成されている。
 第3逆止弁VE3は、第1空気供給口OE3に設けられ、避難用空間R1内から前記第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内方向へ流れる空気を阻止するワンウェイバルブである。
The first air supply port OE3 is a discharge port that supplies the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee to the evacuation space R1, and is formed on the inner wall of the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
The third check valve VE3 is a one-way valve that is provided in the first air supply port OE3 and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space R1 toward the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee.
 第2空気供給口OE4は、第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内の空気を避難用空間R1に供給する吐出口であり、第3エアシリンダ室50Efの内壁に形成されている。
 第4逆止弁VE4は、第2空気供給口OE4に設けられ、避難用空間R1内から第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内の方向へ流れる空気を阻止するワンウェイバルブである。
The second air supply port OE4 is a discharge port that supplies the air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef to the evacuation space R1, and is formed on the inner wall of the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef.
The fourth check valve VE4 is a one-way valve that is provided in the second air supply port OE4 and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space R1 toward the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef.
 第1空気取入管PE1は、上端部に大気中と連通する第1空気取入口OE5を有し、下端部に第2エアシリンダ室50Eeに連通する第1連通口OE6を有する配管であり、略L字状に形成されている。この第1空気取入管PE1内には、第1一方向弁VE5及び第5逆止弁VE6が設けられている。
 第1空気取入口OE5は、第1空気取入管PE1の上端に係止され、この第1空気取入口OE5に内設された略球状の第1一方向弁VE5の弁座Ve5bと、第1一方向弁VE5のバルブハウジングの機能を果たす。第1空気取入口OE5は、第1逆止弁VB1の閉弁で連結部材VE5aによって第1一方向弁VE5の弁体が引っ張られたときに閉弁し、第1逆止弁VB1の開弁で連結部材VE5aによって第1一方向弁VE5の弁体が押し戻されたときに開弁するようになっている。
 つまり、第1一方向弁VE5は、第1逆止弁VE1の閉弁に連動して大気が第1空気取入管PE1内側へ流れるのを阻止するワンウェイバルブである。
The first air intake pipe PE1 is a pipe having a first air inlet OE5 that communicates with the atmosphere at the upper end and a first communication port OE6 that communicates with the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee at the lower end. It is formed in an L shape. A first one-way valve VE5 and a fifth check valve VE6 are provided in the first air intake pipe PE1.
The first air intake OE5 is locked to the upper end of the first air intake pipe PE1, and a valve seat Ve5b of a substantially spherical first one-way valve VE5 provided in the first air intake OE5, and a first It serves as a valve housing for the one-way valve VE5. The first air inlet OE5 is closed when the first check valve VB1 is closed and the valve body of the first one-way valve VE5 is pulled by the connecting member VE5a, and the first check valve VB1 is opened. When the valve body of the first one-way valve VE5 is pushed back by the connecting member VE5a, the valve is opened.
That is, the first one-way valve VE5 is a one-way valve that prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe PE1 in conjunction with the closing of the first check valve VE1.
 第2空気取入口OE7は、大気を取り入れるための取入口であり、第2空気取入管PE2の上端部に形成されている。第2空気取入口OE7は、球状の第2一方向弁VE7を支持するバルブ支持片VE7bと、弁座VE7cとを有すると共に、バルブ支持片VE7bのバルブハウジングの機能も果たす。この第2空気取入口OE7は、前記第1空気取入口OE5の近傍に配置されている。
 第2一方向弁VE7は、前記第2空気取入口OE7に設けられ、前記第1逆止弁VE1の開弁に連動して大気が第2空気取入管PE2内側へ流れるのを阻止するワンウェイバルブである。つまり、第2一方向弁VE7の弁体は、第1逆止弁VE1の弁体と連結部材VE5aによって連結されて連動し、前記第1一方向弁VE5が閉弁したときに開弁し、第1一方向弁VE5が開弁したときに閉弁するように逆に構成されている。
The second air intake OE7 is an intake for taking in the atmosphere, and is formed at the upper end of the second air intake pipe PE2. The second air inlet OE7 has a valve support piece VE7b that supports the spherical second one-way valve VE7 and a valve seat VE7c, and also functions as a valve housing of the valve support piece VE7b. The second air intake OE7 is disposed in the vicinity of the first air intake OE5.
The second one-way valve VE7 is provided at the second air intake OE7, and is a one-way valve that prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the second air intake pipe PE2 in conjunction with the opening of the first check valve VE1. It is. That is, the valve body of the second one-way valve VE7 is connected to and interlocked with the valve body of the first check valve VE1 by the connecting member VE5a, and opens when the first one-way valve VE5 is closed, Conversely, the first one-way valve VE5 is configured to close when it is opened.
 前記第1連通口OE6は、第1空気取入管PE1の下端部に形成され、第2エアシリンダ室50Eeに連通する部位である。この第1連通口OE6には、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内から第1空気取入口OE5側へ空気が流れるのを規制する第5逆止弁VE6が設けられている。 The first communication port OE6 is a portion that is formed at the lower end of the first air intake pipe PE1 and communicates with the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee. The first communication port OE6 is provided with a fifth check valve VE6 that restricts the flow of air from the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee toward the first air intake port OE5.
 第2空気取入管PE2は、上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口OE7を有し、下端部に第3エアシリンダ室50Efに連通する第2連通口OE8と、第6逆止弁VE8とを有する。
 第2連通口OE8は、第2空気取入管PE2の下端部であって、第6逆止弁VE8が配置される部位である。
 第6逆止弁VE8は、第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内から第2空気取入口OE7へ空気が流れるのを規制するワンウェイバルブである。
 バルブカバー50Eiは、支柱5Eを覆う緩衝用の保護部材である。
The second air intake pipe PE2 has a second air intake port OE7 that communicates with the atmosphere at the upper end portion, a second communication port OE8 that communicates with the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef at the lower end portion, and a sixth check valve. VE8.
The second communication port OE8 is a lower end portion of the second air intake pipe PE2, and is a portion where the sixth check valve VE8 is disposed.
The sixth check valve VE8 is a one-way valve that restricts the flow of air from the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef to the second air intake port OE7.
The valve cover 50Ei is a buffering protection member that covers the column 5E.
 このように構成された本発明の第5変形例の防災用シェルタ1Eは、海上また水上に流されたときに、海水の波または水の波に伴って、海水または水が、ウォータシリンダ室50Eg内に入り込んだり、出たりする構造になっている。このため、海水の波または水の波の上下動で第2ピストン50Ebが押し引きされて、その波に連動してピストンシリンダ機構50E全体が動き、避難用空間R1内に空気を吐出したり、避難用空間R1内の吸引して、人間が呼吸するように自動的に大気の吸気と、避難用空間R1内に空気の排気が継続して行われる。 When the shelter 1E for disaster prevention according to the fifth modified example of the present invention configured as described above is swept over the sea or the water, the sea water or the water is accompanied by the water cylinder chamber 50Eg along with the sea water wave or the water wave. It is structured to enter and exit. For this reason, the second piston 50Eb is pushed and pulled by the seawater wave or the vertical movement of the water wave, the whole piston cylinder mechanism 50E moves in conjunction with the wave, and air is discharged into the evacuation space R1, The air is sucked into the evacuation space R1, and the air is automatically sucked and the air is exhausted into the evacuation space R1 automatically so that a person can breathe.
 例えば、防災用シェルタ1Eが海上に浮上していて、上下動する波がウォータシリンダ室50Eg内に浸入すると、その波で第2ピストン50Ebを押し上げる。第2ピストン50Ebが上昇すると、ピストンシャフト50Ecを介在して第1ピストン50Eaも上昇する。すると、第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内の空気が、第4逆止弁VB4を押し開いて避難用空間R1内に入り込む。
 また、第1ピストン50Eaは、上昇することにより、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内が負圧になるので、第5逆止弁VE6、第1一方向弁VE5及び大気中の空気を吸引して開弁させると共に、第1逆止弁VB1を押し上げて開弁させる。すると、大気中の空気が、第1一方向弁VE5及び第5逆止弁VE6を通って第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内に入り込む。
For example, when the shelter 1E for disaster prevention is floating on the sea and a wave that moves up and down enters the water cylinder chamber 50Eg, the wave pushes up the second piston 50Eb. When the second piston 50Eb rises, the first piston 50Ea also rises via the piston shaft 50Ec. Then, the air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef pushes open the fourth check valve VB4 and enters the evacuation space R1.
Further, since the first piston 50Ea rises and the inside of the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee becomes negative pressure, the fifth check valve VE6, the first one-way valve VE5, and air in the atmosphere are sucked and opened. At the same time, the first check valve VB1 is pushed up to open. Then, air in the atmosphere enters the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee through the first one-way valve VE5 and the fifth check valve VE6.
 また、海上の波が下降すると、ウォータシリンダ室50Eg内の第2ピストン50Ebが波の下降で下側に吸引されて下降する。第2ピストン50Ebが下降すると、ピストンシャフト50Ecを介在して第1ピストン50Eaも下降する。すると、第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内の空気が、負圧になるので、第6逆止弁VE8及び第2一方向弁VE7を吸引して開弁させて、大気中の空気を第2空気取入口OE7から第2一方向弁VE7、第6逆止弁VE8を介して第3エアシリンダ室50Ef内に引き込む。
 また、第1ピストン50Eaは、下降することにより、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee内の空気を、第3逆止弁VE3に押し当てて開弁させ、避難用空間R1内に押し込む。また、第1ピストン50Eaは、第1エアシリンダ室50Ed内を負圧にさせて、第2逆止弁VE2を吸引して開弁させ、避難用空間R1内の空気を、第1エアシリンダ室50に吸引する。
Further, when the wave at sea falls, the second piston 50Eb in the water cylinder chamber 50Eg is sucked downward by the wave drop and descends. When the second piston 50Eb is lowered, the first piston 50Ea is also lowered through the piston shaft 50Ec. Then, since the air in the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef becomes a negative pressure, the sixth check valve VE8 and the second one-way valve VE7 are sucked and opened, and the air in the atmosphere is taken up by the second air intake. The air is drawn into the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef from the inlet OE7 via the second one-way valve VE7 and the sixth check valve VE8.
Further, the first piston 50Ea descends to press the air in the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee against the third check valve VE3 to open it, and push it into the evacuation space R1. Further, the first piston 50Ea makes the inside of the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed have a negative pressure, sucks and opens the second check valve VE2, and converts the air in the evacuation space R1 into the first air cylinder chamber. Aspirate to 50.
 このようにピストンシリンダ機構50Eは、波の上下動で大気中の空気を、第1エアシリンダ室50Ed、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee及び第3エアシリンダ室50Efを介して避難用空間R1内に送り込ますと共に、避難用空間R1内の空気を第1エアシリンダ室50Ed、第2エアシリンダ室50Ee及び第3エアシリンダ室50Efを介して大気中に排出する動作を行う。この動作は、波が上下動していれば半永久的に連続して自動駆動されるため、常に、避難用空間R1内の空気をクリーンな状態に維持して、酸欠するのを解消することができる。
 特に、このピストンシリンダ機構50Eは、電力や燃料等を使用しないので、避難中に使用するのに最適な構造をしている。
As described above, the piston cylinder mechanism 50E sends air in the atmosphere into the evacuation space R1 through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, and the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef by the vertical movement of the wave. At the same time, the air in the evacuation space R1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the first air cylinder chamber 50Ed, the second air cylinder chamber 50Ee, and the third air cylinder chamber 50Ef. Since this operation is automatically driven semi-permanently if the wave moves up and down, the air in the evacuation space R1 is always maintained in a clean state to eliminate oxygen deficiency. Can do.
In particular, the piston cylinder mechanism 50E does not use electric power, fuel, or the like, and thus has an optimum structure for use during evacuation.
 また、シェルタ本体2Eの上部にある大気排出口OE1、第1空気取入口OE5及び第2空気取入口OE7は、中空半円形状のバルブカバー50Eiによって覆われているため、そこから雨水や海水や水が浸入して来るのを抑制することができる。 Further, since the air outlet OE1, the first air inlet OE5, and the second air inlet OE7 at the top of the shelter body 2E are covered with the hollow semicircular valve cover 50Ei, rainwater, seawater, It is possible to suppress the ingress of water.
[第6変形例]
 図19は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略側面図である。図20は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略拡大背面図である。図21は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、船舶上に配置した状態を示す概略拡大縦断面図である。図22は、本発明の実施形態に係る防災用シェルタの第6変形例を示す図であり、シェルタ本体と船体との固定状態を示す要部拡大部分断面図である。
[Sixth Modification]
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a sixth modification of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic side view illustrating a state where the shelter is disposed on a ship. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic enlarged rear view showing a state of being arranged on the ship. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state of being arranged on a ship. FIG. 22 is a view showing a sixth modified example of the disaster prevention shelter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a main part showing a fixed state between the shelter body and the hull.
 本発明に係る防災用シェルタ1Fは、図19に示すように、船舶100に載設して操舵室110として使用しても構わない。
 この場合、シェルタ本体2Fは、図19に示すように、中空状のやや縦長の卵型に形成され、前側にエポキシ樹脂等の透明な樹脂からなる窓26Fが設けられ、後側に縦長の長円形状の扉部材8Fが設けられ、上部後方側に空気口15Fが設けられ、外側底部2Fdに脚部4F(図2参照)が設けられている。
As shown in FIG. 19, the disaster prevention shelter 1 </ b> F according to the present invention may be mounted on a ship 100 and used as a wheelhouse 110.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 19, the shelter body 2 </ b> F is formed in a hollow, slightly vertically long egg shape, provided with a window 26 </ b> F made of a transparent resin such as an epoxy resin on the front side, and a vertically long A circular door member 8F is provided, an air port 15F is provided on the upper rear side, and a leg 4F (see FIG. 2) is provided on the outer bottom 2Fd.
 図20及び図21に示すように、脚部4Fは、バランサ3Fの機能と、載置台の機能を果たす部材であり、予め船舶100のデッキ12等の船体101上に形成された脚部係合部121に係合される。脚部4Fは、上面がシェルタ本体2Fの外側底部2Fdが係合する曲面形状に形成された略円盤状の部材からなり、外側底部2Fdに固定されている。 As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the leg portion 4F is a member that performs the function of the balancer 3F and the function of the mounting table, and engages with the leg portion formed on the hull 101 such as the deck 12 of the ship 100 in advance. Engage with the part 121. The leg portion 4F is made of a substantially disk-shaped member whose upper surface is formed in a curved surface shape that engages with the outer bottom portion 2Fd of the shelter body 2F, and is fixed to the outer bottom portion 2Fd.
 図21に示すように、シェルタ本体2F内の避難用空間R1内は、一般の船の操舵室110と同じように、前記窓26Fと、船舶用の操舵ハンドル140と、船員が操舵する際に座る操舵席150と、計器類161が配置された計器盤160と、ソナーや方位計等の種々の計器類161と、計器盤160をシェルタ本体2Fを保持する複数の計器盤支持柱180と、操舵ハンドル140の転舵角を船舶100に設けられた舵(図示省略)に伝達するための転舵角伝達手段200と、船舶100に配置されたプロペラ(図示省略)を回転駆動させるための駆動部(図示省略)等に駆動信号を送る電気信号伝達手段300と、を主に備えている。 As shown in FIG. 21, in the evacuation space R1 in the shelter body 2F, the window 26F, the ship steering handle 140, and the crew are steered in the same manner as the steering room 110 of a general ship. A sitting steering seat 150, an instrument panel 160 on which instruments 161 are arranged, various instruments 161 such as a sonar and an azimuth meter, a plurality of instrument panel support columns 180 that hold the instrument panel 160 and the shelter body 2F, Steering angle transmission means 200 for transmitting the steering angle of the steering handle 140 to a rudder (not shown) provided in the ship 100, and a drive for rotationally driving a propeller (not shown) arranged in the ship 100 And an electric signal transmission means 300 for sending a drive signal to a section (not shown) or the like.
 防災用シェルタ1Fは、このように構成されていることによって、シェルタ本体2F内を船舶100の操舵室110として使用することが可能である。
 この場合、シェルタ本体2Fまたは前記脚部4Fは、船舶100の船体101に固定具130によって着脱可能に固定されて、緊急時などのときに、船体101から分離させることができる。このため、防災用シェルタ1Fは、シェルタ本体2F内を船舶100の操舵室110として使用可能にしたことによって、平常時は防災用シェルタ1Fを船舶100の操舵室110として利用し、津波や大しけや船舶100の故障等で、船舶100が沈没しそうになったときに、船舶100上の防災用シェルタ1Fを避難用の船あるいは水面に浮く浮上型救命カプセルとして利用することができる。
The shelter 1 </ b> F for disaster prevention can be used as the steering chamber 110 of the ship 100 by configuring the shelter body 2 </ b> F as described above.
In this case, the shelter body 2F or the leg portion 4F is detachably fixed to the hull 101 of the ship 100 by the fixing tool 130, and can be separated from the hull 101 in an emergency or the like. For this reason, the shelter 1F for disaster prevention uses the inside of the shelter body 2F as the steering room 110 of the ship 100, so that the shelter 1F for disaster prevention is used as the steering room 110 of the ship 100 during normal times, and tsunami and When the ship 100 is about to sink due to an accident or a failure of the ship 100, the disaster prevention shelter 1F on the ship 100 can be used as an evacuation ship or a floating life-saving capsule floating on the water surface.
 前記転舵角伝達手段200は、操舵ハンドル140の転舵角を舵(図示省略)に伝達する機構であって、例えば、油圧伝達機構、ケーブル伝達機構あるいは歯車伝達機構からなる。転舵角伝達手段200は、シェルタ本体2Fの内底部2Fc内に設けた開閉自在な機構接続部収納ボックス2F1内に、中間部位を接続及び分離できる転舵角伝達用接続部210が設けられている。 The turning angle transmission means 200 is a mechanism that transmits the turning angle of the steering handle 140 to a rudder (not shown), and is composed of, for example, a hydraulic transmission mechanism, a cable transmission mechanism, or a gear transmission mechanism. The turning angle transmission means 200 is provided with a turning angle transmission connection portion 210 capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion in an openable / closable mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 provided in the inner bottom portion 2Fc of the shelter body 2F. Yes.
 電気信号伝達手段300は、計器盤160に配置されて電気を使用する計器類161等で電気機器に電力を供給する配線や、船舶100に配置されたプロペラ(図示省略)を回転駆動させるための駆動部に駆動用の電気信号を送る配線等である。この電気信号伝達手段300は、シェルタ本体2Fの内底部2Fc内に設けた開閉自在な配線接続ボックス2F2内に、電気信号伝達手段300の中間部位を接続及び分離ができるコネクタ部310が設けられている。 The electric signal transmission means 300 is disposed on the instrument panel 160 and is used to rotate and drive the wiring for supplying electric power to the electrical equipment with the instruments 161 that use electricity and the propeller (not shown) arranged on the ship 100. For example, wiring for sending an electric signal for driving to the driving unit. The electrical signal transmission means 300 is provided with a connector part 310 capable of connecting and disconnecting an intermediate part of the electrical signal transmission means 300 in an openable / closable wiring connection box 2F2 provided in the inner bottom part 2Fc of the shelter body 2F. Yes.
 また、機構接続部収納ボックス2F1と配線接続ボックス2F2との間には、船体101に配置した配線や配管を挿通して機構接続部収納ボックス2F1及び配線接続ボックス2F2に配索するための配索ボックス2F3が設けられている。
 なお、機構接続部収納ボックス2F1、配線接続ボックス2F2及び配索ボックス2F3の上部には、開閉するための開閉蓋2F1a,2F2a,2F3aがそれぞれ開閉自在に設けられている。
In addition, the wiring for inserting the wiring and piping arranged in the hull 101 between the mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 and the wiring connection box 2F2 to route them to the mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 and the wiring connection box 2F2. A box 2F3 is provided.
Opening / closing lids 2F1a, 2F2a, and 2F3a for opening and closing are provided on the upper portions of the mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1, the wiring connection box 2F2, and the routing box 2F3, respectively.
 防災用シェルタ1Fは、シェルタ本体2Fの内底部内に、コネクタ部310を収納配置する配線接続ボックス2F2を有することによって、電気信号伝達手段300の中間部位を接続及び分離を容易に行うことができ、船上への設置、取り外し及び電気系統の接続作業が容易である。
 また、防災用シェルタ1Fは、シェルタ本体2Fの内底部内に、転舵角伝達用接続部210を収納配置する機構接続部収納ボックス2F1を備えていることによって、転舵角伝達手段200の中間部位を接続及び分離を容易に行うことができる。このため、防災用シェルタ1fは、船上に設置したり、取り外したりするのを可能にすると共に、設置及び取り外し作業を容易に行うことができる。
The disaster prevention shelter 1F has the wiring connection box 2F2 in which the connector part 310 is accommodated in the inner bottom part of the shelter body 2F, so that the intermediate part of the electric signal transmission means 300 can be easily connected and separated. It is easy to install, remove and connect the electrical system on the ship.
Further, the disaster prevention shelter 1F includes a mechanism connection portion storage box 2F1 that stores and arranges the turning angle transmission connection portion 210 in the inner bottom portion of the shelter body 2F. The parts can be easily connected and separated. For this reason, the disaster prevention shelter 1f can be installed on the ship or removed, and can be easily installed and removed.
 また、図22に示すように、前記固定具130は、シェルタ本体2Fの内底部2Fcから外側底部2Fdにある船体101に捩じ込むなどして、シェルタ本体2Fを船体101に固定する部材であり、例えば、救急時に取り外せる構造になっている。固定具130は、例えば、摘み付き固定具131のように、指を入れてリング形状の頭部に入れてき抜きながら捩じることで取り外せるものでもよい。また、鎖付固定具132のように、第1固定具132aと第2固定具132bとを鎖で連結して、鎖を引っ張ることでシェルタ本体2Fから引き抜くことができるようにして、工具を不要にしたものであってもよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 22, the fixture 130 is a member for fixing the shelter body 2F to the hull 101 by screwing it into the hull 101 at the outer bottom 2Fd from the inner bottom 2Fc of the shelter body 2F. For example, it has a structure that can be removed in an emergency. The fixing device 130 may be a device that can be removed by inserting a finger into the ring-shaped head and twisting it, for example, like the fixing device 131 with a knob. In addition, like the chain-attached fixing device 132, the first fixing device 132a and the second fixing device 132b are connected by a chain, and the chain can be pulled to be pulled out from the shelter body 2F, so that a tool is unnecessary. It may be the one.
≪その他の変形例≫
 例えば、防災用シェルタ1は、家族の人数等に合わせて、家族全員が防災用シェルタ1内に入ることが可能な適宜な大きさのものにしてもよい。例えば、防災用シェルタ1は、左右の幅を長くして、平面視して長円形あるいは楕円形にしてもよい。
≪Other variations≫
For example, the disaster prevention shelter 1 may have an appropriate size that allows the entire family to enter the disaster prevention shelter 1 according to the number of family members. For example, the disaster prevention shelter 1 may have an oblong or elliptical shape in plan view with a longer left and right width.
 1,1A,1B,1D,1E 防災用シェルタ
 2,2A,2B,2C,2D,2E,2F シェルタ本体
 2A1b 内壁部
 2c  内底部
 2e  天井部
 2g  下部
 2Fc 内底部
 2F2 配線接続ボックス
 2F1 機構接続部収納ボックス
 3   バランサ
 4   脚部
 5,5B,5C,5E 支柱
 5b  支柱カバー
 5Ba,5Ca ハンドル
 6   錘材
 7   床面
 8   扉部材
 9   SOS報知装置
 10 シートベルト
 11  覗き窓
 12  出入口
 15A 換気口
 16  フック
 24A 吸気用ホース
 25A 吊革
 31  蓋体
 50B~50E ピストンシリンダ機構
 50Ba,50Ca ピストン
 50Bb ピストンシャフト
 50Bc 第1シリンダ室(シリンダ室)
 50Bd 第2シリンダ室(シリンダ室)
 50Ea 第1ピストン(ピストン)
 50Eb 第2ピストン(ピストン)
 50Ec ピストンシャフト
 50Ed 第1エアシリンダ室(シリンダ室)
 50Ee 第2エアシリンダ室(シリンダ室)
 50Ef 第3エアシリンダ室(シリンダ室)
 50Eg ウォータシリンダ室
 50Eh 隔壁
 51B,51E 支柱本体
 52  支持バー
 53  係止部
 54  軸支部
 71  床板
 72  収納蓋
 81  係合部
 82  係合溝
 83  扉締付面
 91  GPSチップ
 92  表示部
 93  酸素ボンベ
 93a 酸素吸入器
 100 船舶
 101 船体
 110 操舵室
 140 操舵ハンドル
 160 計器盤
 200 転舵角伝達手段
 210 転舵角伝達用接続部
 300 電気信号伝達手段
 310 コネクタ部
 O1  重心
 OB1 第1空気取入口(空気取入口)
 OB2 第2空気取入口(空気取入口)
 OB3 空気供給口
 OD1  第1空気取入口(空気取入口)
 OE1 大気排出口
 OE2 室内空気取込口
 OE3 第1空気供給口(空気供給口)
 OE4 第2空気供給口(空気供給口)
 OE5 第1空気取入口
 OE6 第1連通口
 OE7 第2空気取入口
 OE8 第2連通口
 PB1 空気取入管
 PE1 第1空気取入管
 PE2 第2空気取入管
 R1  避難用空間
 R2  備品収納室
 R3  錘材収納室
 VB1 第1逆止弁(逆止弁)
 VB2 第2逆止弁(逆止弁)
 VB3 第3逆止弁(逆止弁)
 VB4 第4逆止弁(逆止弁)
 VD1  空気取入口開閉弁
 VD1a 弁体
 VD1b 操作部材
 VD1c 連結部材
 VE1 第1逆止弁
 VE2 第2逆止弁
 VE3 第3逆止弁
 VE4 第4逆止弁
 VE5 第1一方向弁
 VE5a,VE7a 連結部材
 VE7 第2一方向弁
1,1A, 1B, 1D, 1E Disaster prevention shelter 2,2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Shelter body 2A1b Inner wall 2c Inner bottom 2e Ceiling 2g Lower 2F Inner bottom 2F2 Wiring connection box 2F1 Box 3 Balancer 4 Leg 5, 5B, 5C, 5E Column 5b Column cover 5Ba, 5Ca Handle 6 Weight member 7 Floor surface 8 Door member 9 SOS alarm device 10 Seat belt 11 Viewing window 12 Entrance 15A Ventilation port 16 Hook 24A For intake Hose 25A Suspension 31 Lid 50B-50E Piston cylinder mechanism 50Ba, 50Ca Piston 50Bb Piston shaft 50Bc First cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber)
50Bd Second cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber)
50Ea 1st piston (piston)
50Eb 2nd piston (piston)
50Ec Piston shaft 50Ed First air cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber)
50Ee Second air cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber)
50Ef 3rd air cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber)
50Eg Water cylinder chamber 50Eh Bulkhead 51B, 51E Column body 52 Support bar 53 Locking portion 54 Shaft support portion 71 Floor plate 72 Storage lid 81 Engaging portion 82 Engaging groove 83 Door tightening surface 91 GPS chip 92 Display portion 93 Oxygen cylinder 93a Oxygen Inhaler 100 Ship 101 Hull 110 Steering room 140 Steering handle 160 Instrument panel 200 Steering angle transmission means 210 Steering angle transmission connection part 300 Electrical signal transmission means 310 Connector part O1 Center of gravity OB1 First air inlet (air inlet)
OB2 2nd air intake (air intake)
OB3 Air supply port OD1 First air intake (air intake)
OE1 Air outlet OE2 Indoor air inlet OE3 First air supply port (air supply port)
OE4 2nd air supply port (air supply port)
OE5 1st air inlet OE6 1st communication port OE7 2nd air intake port OE8 2nd communication port PB1 Air intake pipe PE1 1st air intake pipe PE2 2nd air intake pipe R1 Evacuation space R2 Equipment storage room R3 Weight material storage Chamber VB1 First check valve (check valve)
VB2 Second check valve (check valve)
VB3 Third check valve (check valve)
VB4 Fourth check valve (check valve)
VD1 Air intake opening / closing valve VD1a Valve body VD1b Operation member VD1c Connection member VE1 First check valve VE2 Second check valve VE3 Third check valve VE4 Fourth check valve VE5 First one-way valve VE5a, VE7a Connection member VE7 2nd one way valve

Claims (29)

  1.  内部に避難用空間を有する防災用シェルタであって、
     前記避難用空間を形成する樹脂製のシェルタ本体と、
     前記シェルタ本体に開閉自在に配設された出入口と、
     前記シェルタ本体の外周の下部に固定された脚部と、
     前記脚部に配設され重心位置を下方にするバランサと、
    を備えたことを特徴とする防災用シェルタ。
    A shelter for disaster prevention that has an evacuation space inside,
    A resin shelter body that forms the evacuation space;
    An doorway disposed in the shelter body so as to be freely opened and closed;
    Legs fixed to the lower part of the outer periphery of the shelter body;
    A balancer disposed on the leg portion and having a gravity center position downward;
    A shelter for disaster prevention, characterized by comprising:
  2.  前記脚部は、有底の円筒形状をなし内部に形成された錘材収納空間を有し、前記錘材収納空間に前記バランサが収納されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 2. The disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein the leg has a bottomed cylindrical shape and has a weight material storage space formed therein, and the balancer is stored in the weight material storage space. For shelter.
  3.  前記シェルタ本体は、中空形状の球体からなり、凹面状に形成された内底部と、前記内底部の周縁部に載設されて前記凹面状に形成された部位を閉塞する蓋体と、によって中空状に形成された錘材収納室を有し、
     前記錘材収納室にさらに重心位置を下げるための錘材を収納し、
     前記錘材収納室の上部には、備品を収納する備品収納室を介して前記避難用空間の床面を形成する床板と、
     前記備品収納室を開閉する収納蓋と、が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The shelter body is formed of a hollow sphere, and is hollowed by an inner bottom portion formed in a concave shape and a lid body that is placed on a peripheral edge of the inner bottom portion and closes the portion formed in the concave shape. Having a weight material storage chamber formed in a shape,
    A weight material for lowering the center of gravity is further stored in the weight material storage chamber,
    In the upper part of the weight material storage chamber, a floor board that forms a floor surface of the evacuation space via a fixture storage chamber for storing fixtures;
    The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, further comprising a storage lid that opens and closes the equipment storage chamber.
  4.  前記シェルタ本体内には、上端部が、前記シェルタ本体の天井部に固定され、下端部が、前記避難用空間の床面を貫通して前記蓋体あるいは前記内底部に固定された支柱と、
     基端部が、前記支柱に回動可能に軸支され、先端部が、前記扉部材の前記避難用空間側に形成された係合部に係合・離脱可能に配置される支持バーと、が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    In the shelter main body, an upper end is fixed to the ceiling of the shelter main body, and a lower end penetrates the floor surface of the evacuation space and is fixed to the lid or the inner bottom.
    A support bar that is pivotally supported by the column so that the base end portion is pivotable, and a distal end portion that is arranged to be engageable / detachable with an engagement portion formed on the evacuation space side of the door member; The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein:
  5.  前記支持バーは、基端部が前記支柱に回動自在に軸支され、先端部が前記係合部に形成された係合溝に係合・離脱可能に配置された支持バーと、
     前記支持バーの先端部に形成され、外径が当該支持バーの外径よりも大きく形成された係止部と、を備え、
     前記係合部は、前記支持バーの軸支部を中心として回動する当該支持バーを半径とする回動軌跡に対して拡径して形成された扉締付面を有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The support bar has a base end pivotally supported by the support column and a distal end disposed in an engagement groove formed in the engagement portion so as to be engageable / detachable; and
    A locking portion formed at the tip of the support bar and having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the support bar;
    The engagement portion has a door tightening surface formed to have a diameter increased with respect to a rotation locus having a radius of the support bar that rotates about a shaft support portion of the support bar. Item 5. The shelter for disaster prevention according to Item 4.
  6.  前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、大気中と連通する空気取入口と、
     前記空気取入口に設けられ、前記支柱本体内から大気中方向へ流れる空気を阻止する空気取込用の逆止弁と、
     前記支柱本体内の空間からなるシリンダ室に進退自在に設けられたピストンを有してなるピストンシリンダ機構と、
     前記シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する空気供給口と、
     前記空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する空気供給用の逆止弁と、を備え、
     前記ピストンシリンダ機構は、前記ピストンが進退することによって、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気を取り込んだ後、前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に前記大気を供給することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The support column is formed in a hollow shape, and communicates with the atmosphere.
    A check valve for air intake that is provided at the air intake and blocks air flowing from the inside of the column main body toward the atmosphere;
    A piston cylinder mechanism having a piston provided in a cylinder chamber formed of a space in the column main body so as to freely advance and retract;
    An air supply port for discharging air in the cylinder chamber to the evacuation space;
    An air supply check valve provided at the air supply port and blocking air flowing from the evacuation space toward the cylinder chamber;
    The piston cylinder mechanism is configured to supply the atmosphere into the evacuation space from the air supply port after taking the atmosphere into the cylinder chamber from the air intake by the advance and retreat of the piston. The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 4.
  7.  前記支柱は、前記防災用シェルタが海上または水上に配置された際に、海中または水中に連通し、上部に前記ピストンが配置されたウォータシリンダ室を有し、
     前記ピストンは、海水の波動または水の波動によって上昇及び下降して、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気中の空気を取り込んで前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に吐出することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    When the shelter for disaster prevention is disposed on the sea or water, the support column communicates with the sea or water, and has a water cylinder chamber in which the piston is disposed at the top.
    The piston is raised and lowered by the wave of seawater or the wave of water, takes air in the atmosphere into the cylinder chamber from the air intake port, and discharges it into the evacuation space from the air supply port. The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 6.
  8.  前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、上部に大気中と連通する大気排出口を有する管状の支柱本体と、
     前記大気排出口に設けられ、前記大気中から前記支柱本体内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第1逆止弁と、
     前記支柱本体内に移動可能に配置され、前記支柱本体内を第1エアシリンダ室と第2エアシリンダ室とに区画する第1ピストンと、
     前記第1ピストンに一端を連結したピストンシャフトと、
     前記支柱本体内に移動自在に設けられ、前記ピストンシャフトの他端に連結されて前記第1ピストンと共に進退すると共に、前記支柱本体内を第3エアシリンダ室とウォータシリンダ室とに区画する第2ピストンと、
     前記支柱本体内を前記第2エアシリンダ室と前記第3エアシリンダ室とに区画する隔壁と、
     前記避難用空間内の空気を前記第1シリンダ室内に取り入れる室内空気取込口と、
     前記室内空気取込口に設けられ、前記第1シリンダ室内から前記避難用空間内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第2逆止弁と、
     前記第2エアシリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第1空気供給口と、
     前記第1空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第2シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第3逆止弁と、
     前記第3シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第2空気供給口と、
     前記第2空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第3エアシリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第4逆止弁と、
     上端部に大気中と連通する第1空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第2エアシリンダ室に連通する第1連通口を有する第1空気取入管と、
     前記第1空気取入口に設けられ、前記第1逆止弁の閉弁に連動して大気が第1空気取入管内側へ流れるのを阻止する第1一方向弁と、
     上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第3エアシリンダ室に連通する第2連通口を有する第2空気取入管と、
     前記第2空気取入口に設けられ、前記第1逆止弁の開弁に連動して大気が第2空気取入管内側へ流れるのを阻止する第2一方向弁と、を備え、
     前記ウォータシリンダ室は、前記シェルタ本体が浮上している海水または水に連通し、
     前記第2ピストンは、前記海水の波動または水の波動によって進退することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The strut is formed in a hollow shape, and has a tubular strut body having an air discharge port communicating with the atmosphere at the top,
    A first check valve that is provided at the air outlet and blocks air flowing from the atmosphere toward the inside of the column body;
    A first piston that is movably disposed within the column body, and divides the column body into a first air cylinder chamber and a second air cylinder chamber;
    A piston shaft having one end connected to the first piston;
    A second movably provided in the column main body, connected to the other end of the piston shaft, advances and retreats together with the first piston, and divides the column main body into a third air cylinder chamber and a water cylinder chamber. A piston,
    A partition that divides the inside of the column body into the second air cylinder chamber and the third air cylinder chamber;
    An indoor air intake for taking air in the evacuation space into the first cylinder chamber;
    A second check valve that is provided at the indoor air intake port and blocks air flowing in the evacuation space from the first cylinder chamber;
    A first air supply port for discharging the air in the second air cylinder chamber to the evacuation space;
    A third check valve that is provided at the first air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the second cylinder chamber;
    A second air supply port for discharging air in the third cylinder chamber to the evacuation space;
    A fourth check valve provided at the second air supply port and blocking air flowing from the evacuation space toward the third air cylinder chamber;
    A first air intake pipe having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at an upper end portion and a first communication port communicating with the second air cylinder chamber at a lower end portion;
    A first one-way valve that is provided at the first air intake and prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the first air intake pipe in conjunction with the closing of the first check valve;
    A second air intake pipe having a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a second communication port communicating with the third air cylinder chamber at the lower end portion;
    A second one-way valve that is provided at the second air intake and prevents the atmosphere from flowing into the second air intake pipe in conjunction with the opening of the first check valve;
    The water cylinder chamber communicates with seawater or water in which the shelter body floats,
    The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 4, wherein the second piston moves forward and backward by the wave of the seawater or the wave of water.
  9.  前記第1逆止弁の弁体は、前記第1一方向弁の弁体と、前記第2一方向弁の弁体とにそれぞれ連結して連動させる連結部材を備え、
     前記第1逆止弁は、当該第1逆止弁の弁体が閉弁したときに、前記第1一方向弁の弁体が開弁し、前記第2一方向弁の弁体が閉弁し、
     前記第1逆止弁の弁体が開弁したときに、前記第1一方向弁の弁体が閉弁し、前記第2一方向弁の弁体が開弁することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The valve body of the first check valve includes a connecting member that is connected to and interlocked with the valve body of the first one-way valve and the valve body of the second one-way valve,
    The first check valve is configured such that when the valve body of the first check valve is closed, the valve body of the first one-way valve is opened and the valve body of the second one-way valve is closed. And
    The valve body of the first one-way valve is closed and the valve body of the second one-way valve is opened when the valve body of the first check valve is opened. The shelter for disaster prevention according to 8.
  10.  前記支柱には、前記ピストンを上下動させるためのハンドルが配置され、
     前記ピストンは、前記ハンドルの上下動または前記ハンドルの回転操作によって上昇及び下降して、前記空気取入口から前記シリンダ室内に大気中の空気を取り込んで前記空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に吐出することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    A handle for moving the piston up and down is disposed on the support column,
    The piston is raised and lowered by the vertical movement of the handle or the rotation of the handle, takes air in the atmosphere from the air intake into the cylinder chamber, and discharges it into the evacuation space from the air supply port. The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 6.
  11.  前記支柱は、中空状に形成され、上部に大気中と連通する第1空気取入口を有する管状の支柱本体と、
     前記第1空気取入口に設けられ、前記支柱本体内から大気中方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第1逆止弁と、
     前記支柱本体内に移動可能に配置され、前記支柱本体内を第1シリンダ室と第2シリンダ室とに区画するピストンと、
     前記ピストンに一端を連結したピストンシャフトと、
     前記支柱本体に対して長手方向に移動自在に設けられると共に、前記ピストンシャフトの他端に連結されて前記ピストンを進退させるためのハンドルと、
     前記第1シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第1空気供給口と、
     前記第1空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第1シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第2逆止弁と、
     前記第2シリンダ室内の空気を前記避難用空間に吐出する第2空気供給口と、
     前記第2空気供給口に設けられ、前記避難用空間から前記第2シリンダ室内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第3逆止弁と、
     上端部に大気中と連通する第2空気取入口を有し、下端部に前記第2シリンダ室に連通する連通口を有する空気取入管と、
     前記空気取入管に設けられ、前記第2シリンダ室内から前記空気取入管内方向へ流れる空気を阻止する第4逆止弁と、を備え、
     前記ピストンは、前記ハンドルを操作することによって連動し、前記第1空気取入口及び前記第2空気取入口から前記第1シリンダ室及び前記第2シリンダ室に大気を取り込んだ後、前記第1空気供給口及び前記第2空気供給口から前記避難用空間内に前記大気を供給することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The strut is formed in a hollow shape, and a tubular strut body having a first air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper portion;
    A first check valve that is provided at the first air intake port and blocks air flowing from the inside of the column body toward the atmosphere;
    A piston that is movably disposed within the column body, and divides the column body into a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber;
    A piston shaft having one end connected to the piston;
    A handle that is provided so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the column main body, and is connected to the other end of the piston shaft to advance and retract the piston,
    A first air supply port for discharging air in the first cylinder chamber to the evacuation space;
    A second check valve provided at the first air supply port and blocking air flowing from the evacuation space toward the first cylinder chamber;
    A second air supply port for discharging air in the second cylinder chamber to the evacuation space;
    A third check valve that is provided at the second air supply port and blocks air flowing from the evacuation space toward the second cylinder chamber;
    An air intake pipe having a second air intake port communicating with the atmosphere at the upper end portion and a communication port communicating with the second cylinder chamber at the lower end portion;
    A fourth check valve provided in the air intake pipe and blocking air flowing in the air intake pipe from the second cylinder chamber,
    The piston is interlocked by operating the handle, and after the atmosphere is taken into the first cylinder chamber and the second cylinder chamber from the first air intake port and the second air intake port, the first air The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 4, wherein the atmosphere is supplied into the evacuation space from a supply port and the second air supply port.
  12.  前記第1空気取入口には、当該第1空気取入口を開閉する空気取入口開閉弁が配置され、
     前記空気取入口開閉弁の弁体は、前記避難用空間内に配置された操作部材に、連結部材によって連結されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    An air intake opening / closing valve that opens and closes the first air intake is disposed in the first air intake,
    9. The disaster prevention shelter according to claim 8, wherein the valve body of the air intake opening / closing valve is connected to an operation member disposed in the evacuation space by a connection member.
  13.  前記支柱は、当該支柱に沿って上下方向に延設された支柱カバーによって覆われていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の防災用シェルタ。 5. The disaster prevention shelter according to claim 4, wherein the support column is covered with a support column extending in the vertical direction along the support column.
  14.  前記シェルタ本体には、前記避難用空間内と大気中とに連通し、前記避難用空間内の空気が大気中に排出される換気口が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 2. The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the shelter main body is provided with a ventilation port that communicates with the inside of the evacuation space and the atmosphere and through which air in the evacuation space is discharged into the atmosphere. Shelter for disaster prevention.
  15.  前記シェルタ本体には、前記避難用空間内と大気中とに連通する空気口が設けられ、
     空気口には、前記避難用空間内の避難者が大気を吸引するための吸気用ホースが取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The shelter body is provided with an air port communicating with the evacuation space and the atmosphere,
    The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein an intake hose for an evacuee in the evacuation space to suck air is attached to the air port.
  16.  前記備品収納室には、酸素吸入器を有する酸素ボンベが設置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The disaster shelter according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen cylinder having an oxygen inhaler is installed in the equipment storage chamber.
  17.  前記支柱の前記上端部には、シェルタ本体の外周面に配置されて、前記シェルタ本体を引き上げる際に使用するクレーン掛止用のフックが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の防災用シェルタ。 3. The hook for hanging a crane, which is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body and is used when pulling up the shelter body, is provided at the upper end portion of the support column. Shelter for disaster prevention.
  18.  前記シェルタ本体または前記脚部は、船舶に着脱可能に固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 2. The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein the shelter body or the leg is detachably fixed to a ship.
  19.  前記シェルタ本体は、透明な樹脂からなる窓と、
     前記避難用空間側に配置された前記船舶用の操舵ハンドルと、
     前記避難用空間内に配置されて、前記操舵ハンドルの転舵角を船舶に設けられた舵に伝達するための転舵角伝達手段と、
     前記シェルタ本体に配置された前記転舵角伝達手段と前記船舶に配置された前記転舵角伝達手段とを接続する転舵角伝達用接続部と、
     前記避難用空間内に配置された計器盤と、
     前記計器盤と前記船舶に配置された電源と接続する電気信号伝達手段と、を備え、
     前記シェルタ本体内を前記船舶の操舵室として使用可能にしたことを特徴とする請求項18に記載の防災用シェルタ。
    The shelter body includes a window made of transparent resin,
    A steering handle for the ship disposed on the evacuation space side;
    Steering angle transmission means disposed in the evacuation space for transmitting the steering angle of the steering handle to a rudder provided in the ship,
    A turning angle transmission connecting portion for connecting the turning angle transmission means arranged in the shelter body and the turning angle transmission means arranged in the ship;
    An instrument panel disposed in the evacuation space;
    An electrical signal transmission means for connecting the instrument panel and a power source disposed on the ship,
    The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 18, wherein the inside of the shelter body can be used as a steering room of the ship.
  20.  前記シェルタ本体の内底部内には、前記電気信号伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離できるコネクタ部を収納配置する配線接続ボックスを備えていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 19, further comprising: a wiring connection box that accommodates and arranges a connector portion capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion of the electric signal transmission means in an inner bottom portion of the shelter body. .
  21.  前記シェルタ本体の内底部内には、前記転舵角伝達手段の中間部位を接続及び分離できる転舵角伝達用接続部を収納配置する機構接続部収納ボックスを備えていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の防災用シェルタ。 In the inner bottom portion of the shelter main body, a mechanism connection portion storage box for storing and arranging a turning angle transmission connection portion capable of connecting and separating an intermediate portion of the turning angle transmission means is provided. Item 20. A shelter for disaster prevention according to Item 19.
  22.  前記シェルタ本体の内壁部には、避難者が掴まるための吊革が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that an inner wall portion of the shelter body is provided with a strap for evacuees to grip.
  23.  前記シェルタ本体の内壁面には、避難者を前記シェルタ本体に拘束させるシートベルトが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein a seat belt for restraining an evacuee to the shelter body is provided on an inner wall surface of the shelter body.
  24.  前記シェルタ本体には、GPSチップが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein a GPS chip is provided in the shelter body.
  25.  前記シェルタ本体には、発光ダイオードからなるSOS報知装置が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein the shelter body is provided with a SOS alarm device made of a light emitting diode.
  26.  前記シェルタ本体には、開閉自在な覗き窓が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein the shelter body is provided with an openable / closable observation window.
  27.  前記シェルタ本体は、外周面側が気泡コンクリートから形成され、当該気泡コンクリートより前記避難用空間側が樹脂によって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項18のいずれか一項に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The disaster prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the shelter body has an outer peripheral surface formed of cellular concrete, and the evacuation space side of the cellular concrete is formed of resin. For shelter.
  28.  前記シェルタ本体は、少なくともアラミド繊維強化プラスチックを含む材料によって形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The shelter for disaster prevention according to claim 1, wherein the shelter body is made of a material containing at least an aramid fiber reinforced plastic.
  29.  前記シェルタ本体の外周部には、前記防災用シェルタの持ち主名、あるいは、SOSを表示した表示部を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防災用シェルタ。 The disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit displaying an owner name or SOS of the disaster prevention shelter on an outer peripheral portion of the shelter body.
PCT/JP2011/076737 2011-11-18 2011-11-18 Emergency shelter WO2013073060A1 (en)

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JP2015044468A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-12 三井造船株式会社 Tsunami evacuation facility
JP2016065438A (en) * 2014-09-24 2016-04-28 有限会社フジカ Disaster prevention shelter
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JP2017217990A (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 盟子 冨田 Floating body for evacuation from tidal wave
US20190022435A1 (en) * 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 Shaochun Chen Escape Pod
US20190194968A1 (en) * 2017-01-26 2019-06-27 Miki Corporation Low-pressure chamber with tsunami shelter function
CN111437535A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-07-24 青岛滴都生命保障救援设备科技有限公司 Danger-avoiding escape cabin capable of automatically reinforcing and cooling
CN111959718A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-11-20 杨梦琳 Escape type manned floating cabin for marine rescue
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KR102452247B1 (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-10-06 김민철 Safety capsule
JP7040829B1 (en) 2021-02-22 2022-03-23 有限会社アグリプロジェクト Floating shelter
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