JP2017203293A - Displacement estimation monitoring system for skeleton - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a displacement estimation monitoring system for a skeleton that can estimate displacement of the skeleton in a construction state, etc., at respective points easily in a short time with high precision.SOLUTION: A displacement estimation monitoring system for a skeleton comprises: measuring means for measuring the position of a representative point of the skeleton; and arithmetic means for estimating displacement of the skeleton at a point other than the representative point based upon measurement results of the measuring means. The arithmetic means is configured to: repeatedly perform reverse analysis of calculating the position of the representative point by placing on an analytic model for the skeleton in the measurement a movable load for decreasing an error between the position of the representative point of the analytic model and the position of the measurement result while the movable load is gradually changed; and estimate the displacement at the point other than the representative point based upon the analytic model that the movable load is placed on when the error becomes equal to or less than an allowable value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a monitoring system for estimating displacement of a housing after a construction stage or disturbance has occurred.

  In construction site construction, ensuring safety and shortening the construction period as well as managing construction accuracy are important requirements. For this reason, traditionally, the position (level) of the chassis is temporarily measured at multiple stages as the construction progresses, and when external factors such as earthquakes and typhoons occur, and the soundness of the construction and chassis By confirming the above, the construction quality, the safety of work, and the start of the next process are determined.

At this time, it is most preferable to survey all the positions of the constructed housing, but it is not practical because it requires a lot of labor and time for measurement and data processing and increases the cost. Therefore, in general, to survey the level of the representative point P as shown in FIG. 7, and indexing the level of position P ₁ has not been surveyed by linear interpolation.

Moreover, the construction stage, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), there is a case where the position P ₂ to be measured can not be measured it is hidden behind scaffolding or guard net or the like installed by the convenience of construction. In such a case, measurement is performed using the vicinity of the position P ₂ as a representative point P, and the level of the position P _{2 that} cannot be similarly measured is determined by linear interpolation.

However, depending on the displacement measurement at the conventional representative point P, the displacement at the other positions P ₁ , P _2, etc. that were not measured is estimated by linear interpolation, so that the accurate displacement is grasped. As a result, there were cases in which construction accuracy management was neglected and redoing occurred in the subsequent process.

  In addition, it takes a long time, such as several days, for analysis and analysis after measurement to data processing, and for the installer and designer to confirm the construction quality and safety based on this and make a decision to start the next process. Therefore, there is a problem that a waste time such as waiting for construction occurs.

  In addition, as a monitoring technique for confirming the deformation of a structure during ground excavation such as a mountain stop work, for example, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known.

JP-A-8-151633

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to easily and accurately estimate the displacement at each point of the frame after a construction stage or disturbance has occurred. It is an object of the present invention to provide a displacement estimation monitoring system for a frame.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to measuring means for measuring the position of the representative point of the casing, and displacement at points other than the representative point of the casing based on the measurement result by the measuring means. An arithmetic means for estimating, wherein the arithmetic means uses the analytical model for a loading load that reduces an error between the position of the representative point in the analytical model of the housing at the time of the measurement and the position of the measurement result. Inverse analysis for calculating the position of the representative point by acting is repeatedly performed while gradually changing the load load, and based on the analysis model on which the load load acts when the error falls below an allowable value. Thus, the displacement at a point other than the representative point is estimated.

  Here, as the analysis model, an analysis model used in general structural analysis such as an FEM model or a DEM model is preferably used.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the measuring means includes an accelerometer that detects the acceleration of the representative point, and the calculating means has a preset number of repetitions or When the error does not converge below the allowable value after the computation time has elapsed, the natural period in the analysis model of the housing at the time of measurement is calculated, and the natural period at the time of measurement is calculated from the measurement result of the accelerometer. Then, the inverse analysis for calculating the natural period of the analysis model by setting the rigidity for reducing the second error of the calculation result is repeatedly performed while gradually changing the rigidity, and the second error is allowed. The displacement at a point other than the representative point is estimated based on the rigidity when the value is equal to or less than the value.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein as the analysis model, an unconstructed member is removed at the construction stage from the one created at the time of designing the casing, or It is characterized by using a newly added member.

  In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the measurement result of the position of the representative point is set to a known amount using an analysis model of the frame obtained by analyzing the displacement amount with respect to the assumed load. In order to gradually reduce the error between the measurement result and the position of the representative point in the analysis model, the inverse analysis is repeatedly performed to calculate the position of the representative point by acting on the analysis model while changing the loading load. Since the displacement at points other than the representative point is estimated based on the analysis model on which the load when the error becomes less than the allowable value is applied, any of the cases can be easily and quickly The displacement at the point can be estimated with high accuracy.

  Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 2, when the above-mentioned error still does not converge below the allowable value even after the inverse analysis based on the load described above is repeatedly performed and the preset number of iterations or calculation time has elapsed. The natural period of the analysis model is changed while changing the rigidity so that the second error between the natural period in the analysis model of the enclosure and the natural period calculated from the measurement result of the accelerometer attached to the enclosure is reduced. By performing repeated inverse analysis to calculate and converging by repeated inverse analysis by loading load by estimating the displacement at a point other than the representative point based on the stiffness when the second error is below the allowable value It is possible to estimate the displacement at an arbitrary point of the housing in a shorter time and with higher accuracy than in the case where the calculation that is not performed is continued.

  In addition, a conventional analysis model of a frame using FEM or the like is used for structural analysis, dynamic analysis, and seismic response analysis constructed at the design stage, but is not generally used after construction starts. Therefore, as in the invention described in claim 3, if the analysis model of the present invention is an analysis model in which unconstructed members are removed at the construction stage from those created at the time of designing the housing, the assets are It can be used effectively.

  In addition, even when there is a change in member cross-section or addition of a member due to a design change at the construction stage, it is possible to effectively utilize the assets by using the analysis model created at the time of designing the above-mentioned housing .

  In this way, according to the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the displacement at each point of the housing after the construction stage or disturbance has occurred is estimated easily and with high accuracy in a short time. In addition, it can be applied to early repairs and new plans by applying it to structures that have been constructed in the past and are going to have a longer service life.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape at the time of completion of the housing used as the object of displacement estimation in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape in the construction stage of the housing of FIG. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the measurement result of the representative point of the housing of FIG. 2, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis result based on the said measurement result. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the measurement result of the representative point of the housing of FIG. 1, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis result based on the said measurement result. It is a flowchart which shows the effect | action of the calculating means in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the effect | action after B of the flowchart of FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the conventional displacement estimation method. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the other conventional displacement estimation method.

Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 1-6, one Embodiment of the displacement estimation monitoring system of the housing which concerns on this invention is described.
When the monitoring system of the present embodiment constructs the housing 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 when completed, each of the points of the construction 1 1 shown in FIG. It is used to estimate the displacement.

  This monitoring system includes a level meter (measuring means) that measures the displacement (level) of the representative point P, an accelerometer (measuring means) that measures acceleration, and a housing based on the measurement results from the level meter and the accelerometer. A personal computer (PC, calculation means) that estimates displacement at a point other than the 1 ′ representative point (measurement position) P and a monitor that displays the calculation result of the PC are schematically configured.

  This PC has a CPU that performs overall control on a CPU that reads an execution program via an input / output control unit and performs arithmetic processing, the execution program, and an analysis model of the housing 1 shown in FIG. 1 by FEM (finite element method). Are connected to an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse and the monitor.

  Here, based on the flowcharts shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the processing function of the execution program will be described together with the operation for performing the actual displacement estimation. First, the analysis stored in the storage device by the input device will be described. The model is displayed, and the analysis model of the housing 1 ′ is created by removing the members 2, 3, and 4 shown in FIG. 1 from the analysis model.

  Next, static analysis is performed using this analysis model, and the position (displacement amount) at the representative point P is calculated. On the other hand, based on the measurement result from the level meter, the actual position (displacement amount) of the representative point P shown in FIG. Then, an inverse analysis for calculating the position of the representative point by applying a loaded load that reduces the error between the position of the representative point P in the analysis model and the position of the measurement result to the analysis model by the execution program is performed gradually. Repeatedly while changing.

Then, based on the analysis model on which the loaded load acts when the error becomes equal to or less than the allowable value err1, the displacement at an arbitrary position _Pn not measured is estimated as shown in FIG. 3B. .

More specifically, first, the displacement (known displacement vector) of the measured representative point P is represented by X _k (known node degree of freedom), and the displacement (unknown displacement vector) at a position not measured is represented by X _u ( Unknown node degrees of freedom).
Then, when the relationship between force and deformation is derived by a static balance condition, the following equation (1) is obtained.

The known displacement vector X _k of the measurement object calculated from the above analysis is expanded by X _U by the first term of the equation (1), and substituted into the second term of the equation, the following equation (2) become.

The basic method of this execution program, known displacement vector X _K ^* and are calculated from the analysis obtains an error vector E _K with known displacement vector X _K to be measured, the evaluation function J This was the square _{Is used} to calculate the unknown amount XU. Incidentally, the error vector _{E K} can be represented by the following formula (4).

On the other hand, the evaluation function J is defined from the error function (discrete L2 norm) as in the following expression (5) (N _K is the number of components of the error vector (number of components of the known vector)).

  Further, when Expression (2) is substituted into Expression (4), the following Expression (6) is obtained.

Then, the evaluation function J of Equation (5) to zero, it is necessary to make all of the components of the error vector E _K to zero. However, since the number of unknown parameters is larger than the number of equations, it cannot be determined uniquely. For this reason, a search for minimizing an error is obtained by an iterative method from among the combinations of the parameters of Expression (5).

In this embodiment, the steepest descent method is used as the search method by the above iterative method. That is, the search correction unknown vector is U, the search direction vector is ∇ _U , the step size is θ, and the recurrence formula is defined as the following formula (7).

If ∇ _{U J} is negative, a direction in which the evaluation function J becomes smaller. If the unknown vector U is corrected in the direction of this vector, the unknown vector U that minimizes the evaluation function J is determined.
Here, among the parameters of equation (6), the stiffness matrix at the construction step is assembled by FEM. However, the load vector is unknown. Therefore, the following equations (9) and (10) can be obtained by rearranging using equations (6) and (7).

Then, F _U and F _K are repeatedly calculated by calculating ∇ _Fu J and ∇ _Fk J, and the above load when the deformation error of the representative point P becomes equal to or smaller than the preset allowable error value err1. There based on the analysis model to act, to estimate the displacement vector X _U at position not determined by equation (1).

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the condition of the following equation is satisfied as a case where the value is equal to or smaller than a preset allowable error value err1.

On the other hand, in the execution program of this embodiment, even if F _U and F _K shown in Expression (10) are calculated by repeating the preset number of iterations or calculation time, the deformation error of the representative point P is preset. If it is not less than or equal to the allowable error value err1, the process proceeds to eigenvalue analysis of the casing 1 ′ shown in FIG.

In the eigenvalue analysis, first, the natural period _TK is calculated by using the analysis model of the casing 1 ′ shown in FIG. Then, by entering the measurement result A _K accelerometer installed in building frame 1 ', the execution program, calculates the natural period T _K ^*, the error of the natural period (the second error B = T _K -T Inverse analysis for setting the stiffness (EI) for reducing _K ^* ) and calculating the natural period of the analysis model is repeatedly performed while gradually changing the stiffness.

Then, based on the analysis model on which the loaded load acts when the error is equal to or less than the preset allowable value err2, as shown in FIG. 3B, the displacement at an arbitrary position _Pn that is not measured. Is estimated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the members 1, 3, and 4 are constructed for the housing 1 ′ and the housing 1 is completed, when the displacement of the housing 1 is monitored again, the initial storage device is used. Using the analysis model of the housing 1 at the time of design stored in the above, by performing the same calculation operation based on the position (displacement amount) measured at the representative point P, the other arbitrary points Pn ₁ and Pn ₂ Estimate the displacement.

As described in detail above, according to the chassis displacement estimation monitoring system having the above-described configuration, the position of the representative point P (using the analysis model of the chassis obtained by analyzing the displacement amount with respect to the assumed load ( The measurement result of the displacement amount is a known amount, and the load is changed so that the error between the measurement result and the position of the representative point P in the analysis model gradually decreases. In order to estimate the displacement at a point other than the representative point based on the analytical model on which the loaded load acts when the error is less than or equal to the allowable value after repeatedly performing the inverse analysis to calculate the position, As can be seen easily and in a short time, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 4 (b), it is possible to estimate the displacement of the housings ₁ , ₁ 'at arbitrary points Pn, Pn ₁ , Pn ₂ with high accuracy. .

  In addition, when the above-mentioned error still does not converge below the allowable value even after a predetermined number of iterations or calculation time has elapsed after repeating the inverse analysis based on the above-described load load, Repeat inverse analysis to calculate the natural period of the analysis model while changing the rigidity so that the second error between the natural period and the natural period calculated from the measurement result of the accelerometer attached to the housing is reduced. Then, by estimating the displacement at a point other than the representative point based on the rigidity when the second error is less than or equal to the allowable value, the calculation that does not converge by the repeated inverse analysis by the loaded load is continuously performed. Compared to the case, it is possible to estimate the displacement at any point of the housing in a shorter time and with higher accuracy.

  Furthermore, since the analysis model is an analysis model in which unconstructed members are removed at the construction stage from the one created at the time of designing the housing 1, the assets of the analysis model created at the time of design should be used effectively. Can do.

1, 1 'housing P representative point (measurement position)
Pn, Pn ₁ , Pn ₂ Any point not measured

Claims (3)

Measuring means for measuring the position of the representative point of the housing, and arithmetic means for estimating the displacement at a point other than the representative point of the housing based on the measurement result by the measuring means,
The calculation means calculates the position of the representative point by applying a loaded load that reduces an error between the position of the representative point in the analysis model of the housing at the time of the measurement and the position of the measurement result to the analysis model. The inverse analysis is repeatedly performed while gradually changing the load, and the above-described points other than the representative points are based on the analysis model on which the load is applied when the error is less than or equal to the allowable value. A displacement estimation monitoring system for a housing characterized by estimating displacement. The measuring means includes an accelerometer that detects the acceleration of the representative point,
The calculation means calculates a natural period in the analysis model of the casing at the time of measurement when the error does not converge below the allowable value after elapse of a preset number of iterations or calculation time, and the accelerometer From the measurement results, the natural period at the time of the above measurement is calculated, and the inverse analysis for calculating the natural period of the analysis model by setting the rigidity that reduces the second error of these calculation results is performed while gradually changing the rigidity. 2. The case according to claim 1, wherein the displacement at a point other than the representative point is estimated based on the rigidity when the second error is less than or equal to an allowable value by being repeatedly performed. Displacement estimation monitoring system.   The analysis model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the analysis model is prepared by removing an unconstructed member at the construction stage from the one created at the time of designing the casing, or by adding a new member. A displacement estimation monitoring system for the chassis.

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