JP2017158539A - Method for increasing milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide such a nutritional physiologic technique (an oral administration, a fed component, a method, or the like) that can improve both milk quality and milk production amount, by activating nitrogen metabolism in rumination livestock, such as cattle, sheep, and goat and increasing the milk yield and the milk fat content in the milk at the same time.SOLUTION: Orally administering or feeding vitamin K3 (menadione), or acetic acid and/or an acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) to rumination livestock as an active ingredient activates the nitrogen metabolism of the rumination livestock, and/or increases the milk yield and the milk fat content, thereby resulting in the simple and effective improvement of the milk quality and the milk production amount.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for increasing milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for activating nitrogen metabolism in ruminant animals in a simple and effective manner by oral administration or a feeding component, a method for simultaneously increasing milk yield and milk fat content in the milk, and the like.

  In ruminant livestock such as cattle, sheep, goats, etc. where milk, meat, etc. are commodities, dairy farmers and livestock farmers It becomes a serious and direct management problem for the company.

  In particular, in ruminant livestock (such as dairy cows) in which milk or a processed milk product is a product, a decrease in the milk amount or quality (milk fat content, lactose content, etc.) is a major problem. For example, in dairy cows, heat stress in the summer (heat stress) reduces milk fat and has a great influence on milk production. Therefore, development of a breeding technique for preventing low milk fat is desired in the industry. . Therefore, technology for increasing milk yield using maltose, sucrose, starch, rumen bypass amino acids, trehalose, etc. (Patent Documents 1 to 4), and technology for increasing milk fat content by feeding a mixture of fatty acid calcium and sodium acetate or cottonseed oil (non-patented) Document 1) has been proposed, and some techniques for increasing both milk yield and milk fat content have been proposed.

  However, it has been reported in Non-Patent Document 1 that the effect of increasing milk yield has not been obtained. Furthermore, the addition of cottonseed meal, fatty acid calcium, etc. to feed may adversely affect the rumen fermentation. Therefore, it is known that its use is difficult in terms of breeding technology. In addition, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have a problem that it is difficult to use. And in dairy production sites, when measures are taken to increase milk yield, it is normal for the proportion and concentration of milk components such as milk fat to decrease (become thinned). The actual effect of the technology for increasing both the amount and the milk fat content is extremely poor, and it has become very difficult to develop a feeding technique for simultaneously increasing the milk amount and the milk fat content of dairy cows.

  In this background art, the industry has developed new feeding techniques and feed ingredients that can simultaneously increase the milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock, and further relates to milk production of ruminant livestock. There has been a strong demand for the development of feeding techniques and feed ingredients that can activate the nitrogen metabolism.

  On the other hand, vitamin K3 (menadione) is a synthetic product and its use in humans is prohibited, but its use for livestock is permitted, and it is added to milk replacer as a feed additive for calves. ing. However, vitamin Ks are known to be synthesized by rumen bacteria in ruminant livestock, and vitamin Ks are used as feed additives for parent cows with developed rumen, especially lactating cows. Not.

  For this reason, little is known about the physiological effects of oral administration or feeding of vitamin Ks to lactating cows, etc., and the amount of milk, milk fat content, etc. by oral administration or feeding of vitamin K3 to ruminant livestock So far, there are no documents that have any description or suggestion on the effects of.

  Acetic acid is also the main volatile fatty acid (VFA) produced by rumen bacteria in ruminant livestock and is an important energy source comparable to glucose in ruminants. As for this acetic acid, it promotes the absorption of VFA from rumen by activating rumen mucosal carbonic anhydrase (Non-patent Document 3) with increasing saliva secretion in ruminant livestock (Non-patent Document 2). Has been reported.

  However, as with vitamin K3, no literature has been found so far regarding the effects and the like on the milk yield, milk fat content, etc. of oral administration or feeding of acetic acid to ruminant livestock.

JP-A-5-192093 JP-A-6-237701 JP 2001-086940 A JP 2007-319156 A

Bulletin of West Japan Livestock Society 34, 55-58 (1991) Tohoku J. et al. Agri. Res. , 23: 72-78. (1972) J. et al. Com. Physiol. , B. 172: 379-375. (2001)

  The present invention is a nutritional physiological technique (oral administration) which can improve both milk quality and milk production by activating nitrogen metabolism in ruminants and simultaneously increasing the milk yield and milk fat content in the milk. Or salary components, methods, etc.).

  In order to achieve the above object, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have orally administered or fed vitamin K3 (menadione) or acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) together as an active ingredient to ruminant livestock. By activating the nitrogen metabolism of ruminant livestock and / or increasing the milk amount and the milk fat content in the milk at the same time, it has been found that milk quality and milk production can be improved easily and effectively. The invention has been completed.

That is, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A feed composition for increasing the milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock containing vitamin K3 (menadione) as an active ingredient (ruminant livestock milk and milk fat content increasing agent).
(2) Feed composition for increasing milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock containing acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) as active ingredients (especially these active ingredients are orally administered or fed simultaneously) Feed composition, ruminating livestock milk yield and milk fat content increasing agent).
(3) Feed composition for nitrogen metabolism activation of ruminant livestock containing acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) as active ingredients (especially included so that these active ingredients are orally administered or fed simultaneously) Feed composition, ruminating livestock nitrogen metabolism activator).
(4) The feed composition according to (2) or (3), wherein the acetate is sodium acetate and / or calcium acetate.
(5) The feed composition according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the ruminant livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep, and goats.
(6) A method for increasing milk content and milk fat content of ruminant livestock, wherein vitamin K3 (menadione) is orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock.
(7) A method for increasing the milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock, characterized in that acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) are orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock.
(8) A method of activating ruminant nitrogen metabolism, comprising orally administering or feeding acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) to ruminant livestock.
(9) Acetic acid and / or acetate as acetic acid per day (in terms of amount of acetic acid) 30 to 300 g / head, preferably 60 to 180 g / head orally or fed, (7) or (8 ) Method.
(10) The method according to any one of (7) to (9), wherein the acetate is sodium acetate and / or calcium acetate.
(11) Vitamin K3 (menadione) is orally administered or fed in an amount of 10 to 200 mg / head, preferably 10 to 100 mg / head, more preferably 10 to 50 mg / head per day. ).
(12) The method according to any one of (6) to (11), wherein the ruminant livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep, and goats.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to activate nitrogen metabolism in ruminant livestock and / or simultaneously increase the milk amount and milk fat content in the milk, thereby improving milk quality and milk production simply and effectively. it can. And by this invention, the improvement of the milk productivity of stable ruminant livestock or milk productivity, and stabilization of dairy farming management can be aimed at.

In Example, ammonia nitrogen in rumen (0 hours before feeding, 2 hours after feeding, and 5 hours after feeding), blood urea nitrogen concentration (BUN: 0 hours before feeding, and 5 hours after feeding) It is a graph which shows the behavior of the urea nitrogen concentration (MUN: 5 hours after feeding) in milk.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  In the present invention, acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) are used as active ingredients for increasing milk yield and milk fat content and activating nitrogen metabolism in ruminant livestock.

  As for acetic acid and acetate, commercially available pure products can be used, and examples of the acetate include sodium acetate, calcium acetate, potassium acetate, and ammonium acetate. In the present invention, among these, it is particularly preferable to use one or more selected from acetic acid, sodium acetate, and calcium acetate.

  In addition, for vitamin K3 (menadione), which is a synthetic vitamin, it is possible to use not only pure dried products but also crudely purified products (pasted products, diluted products, emulsions, suspensions, etc.). . In addition, it is possible to use a granulated product by adding an excipient such as starch or dextrin, or a tableted product. Furthermore, the thing coated with fats and oils etc. so that it may not be decomposed | disassembled with a lumen | rumen can also be used.

  And this vitamin K3 (menadione) is used as an active ingredient, or acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) are used in combination as an active ingredient. It can be used as an agent. Moreover, it is also possible to provide feed additives, feeds, and feed compositions by adding and mixing commonly used feed ingredients, and also to provide animal pharmaceutical preparations containing these as active ingredients. it can. In this case, it may be formulated according to a conventional method of animal pharmaceutical preparation, and other active ingredients having other physiological functions can be used in combination. Even when it is used as a feed additive, other nutritional components (proteins, lipids, minerals (potassium, sodium, magnesium, etc.), vitamins other than vitamin K3 (vitamin A, vitamin E, etc.)) and the like can be used in combination.

  The active ingredient is orally administered in various forms. Examples of the dosage form include oral administration such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups and the like. These various preparations are formulated in the field of pharmaceutical technology such as veterinary drugs such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizing agents, suspending agents, and coating agents according to conventional methods. It can be formulated with known adjuvants that can be used normally. In addition, it is also possible to use vitamin K3 (menadione) as it is or as a preparation by mixing acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) as they are.

  In addition, what was formulated in this way can be used not only as an animal pharmaceutical agent but also as a feed composition, and can itself be fed directly to livestock as feed, It can also be used as a feed additive by adding to other feed ingredients.

  The animal which is the subject of the present invention is a ruminant livestock in the lactation period (usually about 12 months after parturition) when the milk and / or dairy products are edible. For example, dairy cows (particularly Holstein and Jersey), sheep, goats and the like are exemplified as more suitable target animals. However, buffalo, camels, yaks, etc. may be targeted.

Acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) are orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock. For example, in the case of dairy cows, acetic acid and / or acetate can be fed orally or daily. It is preferable to add 0.5 to 5.0 mol (converted in acetic acid amount to 30 to 300 g), preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mol (converted in acetic acid amount to 60 to 180 g) per dry matter. It is suitable to add 10 to 200 mg, preferably 10 to 100 mg, more preferably 10 to 50 mg, for example about 10 to 25 mg. And it is preferable to carry out this amount of oral administration or salary in about twice a day. When the active ingredient is administered orally or in a larger amount than the above range, there is no particular problem in terms of safety and its effect, but the above range is preferable from the viewpoint of cost. Moreover, when less than the said range, since there exists a possibility that the effect of this invention may not fully be exhibited, it is unpreferable.
In addition, in other ruminant livestock, the oral administration or the amount of feeding may be set in consideration of the body weight and the like, but the oral administration or the amount of feeding other than the above including dairy cows is not completely excluded.

  The present invention demonstrates the effectiveness of vitamin K3 (menadione) or the combined use of acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) (simultaneous increase in milk and milk fat content and activation of nitrogen metabolism) in actual production sites. It is a very practical one that has been confirmed directly using ruminant livestock in Japan, and has been scientifically proved to be particularly effective in simultaneously increasing milk yield and milk fat content in dairy cows, etc. It can be said that there is.

  In the present invention, “increasing milk fat content” and “increasing milk fat content” mean that the total fat content (total amount) in milk is increased, and the specific fatty acid ratio in milk fat is increased. (The total amount does not change) has a different meaning.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made within the technical idea of the present invention.

  Seven Holstein lactating cows (average milk yield 28 kg, average postpartum 217.1 days, average production order 2) were tested and tested. During the feeding test period, a conventional feed mainly composed of corn silage and dairy cattle feed was fed twice a day for free feeding and drinking. For each morning and evening feeding, sodium acetate; 125 g and commercially available vitamin K3; 1 g (1% conversion = 10 mg) were simultaneously added to the treated group food, and the control group was not added. A two-phase reversal test was conducted with 14 days of the 11-day preliminary test and the 3-day test as one period.

  First, in the feeding test, rumen fermentation was compared between the control group and the treated group. The results are shown in Table 1 below. When the total VFA concentration in the rumen and the VFA composition were compared at 0 hours before feeding and 5 hours after feeding, no significant difference was found between the two groups. However, the ammonia nitrogen concentration showed a significantly lower value in the treated group at 5 hours after feeding (P <0.05).

  Next, the results of changes in blood metabolite concentration are shown in Table 2 below. The blood free fatty acid (NEFA), glucose and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly different between the two groups, but the blood urea nitrogen concentration was significantly lower in the treated group (P <0.05). ).

  Furthermore, the results of changes in dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk components are shown in Table 3 below. There was no difference in dry matter intake between the two groups, but the milk yield was significantly higher in the treated group (P <0.01). Also in the milk component, the milk fat content showed a significantly high value in the treatment group (P <0.05). Moreover, the milk protein content showed a significantly low value in the treated group (P <0.01).

  Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows the changes in rumen ammonia nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen concentration (BUN), and milk urea nitrogen concentration (MUN) in this test. Addition of sodium acetate and vitamin K3 to the feed significantly reduced rumen ammonia nitrogen and BUN (P <0.05), significantly reduced MUN (P <0.01), and activated nitrogen metabolism. It was recognized that

  From the above results, it was shown that combined use of sodium acetate and vitamin K3 as active ingredients activates nitrogen metabolism in lactating cows and further increases both milk yield and milk fat content. In addition, it became clear about the safety and sustained effect of continuous salary.

  Six Holstein lactating cows (average milk yield 19 kg, average milking days 241 days, average production order 1.8) were tested and tested. During the feeding test period, a conventional feed mainly composed of corn silage and dairy cattle feed was fed twice a day for free feeding and drinking. For each morning and evening feeding, 2.5 g of commercially available vitamin K3 (1% conversion = 25 mg, 50 mg / day) was added to the vitamin K diet, and the control group was not added. A reversal test was conducted with 14 days of the 11-day preliminary test and the 3-day test as one period.

Dry matter intake (DMI), methane (CH ₄ ) production in rumen, milk yield, milk composition (milk fat, milk protein, lactose), and urea nitrogen in milk after the test The measurement results are shown in Table 4 below. Although there was no difference in dry matter intake between the two groups, both milk yield and milk fat content were significantly higher in the vitamin K group. If the alphabet on the right side of the numerical value in the table is the same in each section, there is no significant difference, and if the alphabet is different, there is a significant difference.

  From the above results, it was shown that the single supply of vitamin K3 as an active ingredient simultaneously increased both the milk yield and milk fat content of lactating cows.

  The present invention is summarized as follows.

  That is, the present invention can improve both milk quality and milk production by activating nitrogen metabolism in ruminants such as cattle, sheep and goats, and simultaneously increasing the milk yield and milk fat content in the milk. An object of the present invention is to provide such nutritional physiological techniques (oral administration or feeding components, methods, etc.).

  And, as an active ingredient, vitamin K3 (menadione), or acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) is orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock to activate nitrogen metabolism of ruminant livestock, and / or The milk amount and the milk fat content in the milk are increased at the same time to improve milk quality and milk production simply and effectively.

Claims (12)

  A feed composition for increasing the milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock, comprising vitamin K3 (menadione) as an active ingredient.   A feed composition for increasing milk content and milk fat content of ruminant livestock containing acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) as active ingredients.   A feed composition for the activation of nitrogen metabolism in ruminant livestock comprising acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) as active ingredients.   The feed composition according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the acetate is sodium acetate and / or calcium acetate.   The feed composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ruminant livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep, and goats.   Vitamin K3 (menadione) is orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock, and a method for increasing milk content and milk fat content of ruminant livestock.   A method for increasing milk yield and milk fat content of ruminant livestock, characterized in that acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) are orally administered or fed to ruminant livestock.   A method for activating ruminant livestock, characterized by orally administering or feeding acetic acid and / or acetate and vitamin K3 (menadione) to ruminant livestock.   The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein acetic acid and / or acetate is orally administered or fed at 30 to 300 g / head as acetic acid per day.   The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the acetate is sodium acetate and / or calcium acetate.   The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein vitamin K3 (menadione) is orally administered or fed at 10 to 200 mg / head per day.   The method according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the ruminant livestock is at least one selected from cattle, sheep and goats.

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