JP2017155283A - Non-heat treated steel for hot forging and automobile component - Google Patents

Non-heat treated steel for hot forging and automobile component Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2017155283A
JP2017155283A JP2016039365A JP2016039365A JP2017155283A JP 2017155283 A JP2017155283 A JP 2017155283A JP 2016039365 A JP2016039365 A JP 2016039365A JP 2016039365 A JP2016039365 A JP 2016039365A JP 2017155283 A JP2017155283 A JP 2017155283A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hot forging
steel
heat treated
component
treated steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2016039365A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP6662107B2 (en
Inventor
亮介 大橋
Ryosuke Ohashi
亮介 大橋
歩見 山▲崎▼
Ayumi Yamazaki
歩見 山▲崎▼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daido Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority to JP2016039365A priority Critical patent/JP6662107B2/en
Publication of JP2017155283A publication Critical patent/JP2017155283A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6662107B2 publication Critical patent/JP6662107B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-heat treated steel for hot forging for which a refining treatment (hardening and tempering) after hot processing can be omitted and which is excellent in strength (especially fatigue strength and abrasion resistance) and manufacturability (especially machinability) even with the omission of a surface curing treatment such as high frequency hardening or soft nitriding after molding the same to a component shape by hot forging or mechanical processing.SOLUTION: There is provided a non-heat treated steel for hot forging having contents of C, Si, Mn, Cu, Ni, S, Cr, Mo, V, Ce+Zr, Al and N in a predetermined range and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities, the contents of each component satisfying a predetermined formula, steel cross section structure when hot forging is conducted is pearlite or ferrite+pearlite and the pro-eutectoid ferrite area percentage is less than 10%.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は熱間鍛造用非調質鋼およびその熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなるクランクシャフト等の自動車用部品に関する。   The present invention relates to non-heat treated steel for hot forging and parts for automobiles such as a crankshaft made of the non-heat treated steel for hot forging.

一般的にクランクシャフト等の自動車用部品は鋳造または鍛造にて製造されるが、強度や剛性が重視される場合は、炭素鋼または低合金鋼を熱間鍛造にて製造したものが使用されている。そして、さらに高強度化が必要な場合は、高周波焼入れ処理やガス軟窒化処理が行われる。   Generally, automotive parts such as crankshafts are manufactured by casting or forging. However, when strength and rigidity are important, carbon steel or low alloy steel manufactured by hot forging is used. Yes. And when further strengthening is required, induction hardening processing and gas soft nitriding processing are performed.

例えば特許文献1には高周波焼入れ処理について記載されている。高周波焼入れ処理は、鋼材の表面層をオーステナイト組織に加熱した後、急冷してマルテンサイト化し、硬化する方法であるが、熱処理後に変形する可能性があり、その結果、加工費の増加および歩留まりが低下する可能性がある。   For example, Patent Document 1 describes an induction hardening process. Induction hardening is a method in which the surface layer of steel is heated to an austenitic structure and then rapidly cooled to martensite and hardened, but it may be deformed after heat treatment, resulting in increased processing costs and yield. May be reduced.

また、例えば特許文献2にはガス軟窒化処理について記載されている。ガス軟窒化処理は、アンモニアを含んだ雰囲気中でAl変態点以下の温度(550℃〜650℃程度)に加熱することにより、鋼材表面に窒素・炭素を侵入させ、微細な炭窒化物を析出させることにより表層硬化する方法である。高周波焼き入れや調質処理(焼入、焼戻)に比べて、熱処理歪が小さいという特徴があるが、非常に硬質な化合物層が表層にあるために、曲がり矯正加工性の低下ならびに耐焼付性が低下し得る。   For example, Patent Document 2 describes gas soft nitriding. In the gas soft nitriding treatment, heating to a temperature below the Al transformation point (approximately 550 ° C to 650 ° C) in an atmosphere containing ammonia causes nitrogen and carbon to penetrate into the steel surface, precipitating fine carbonitrides. This is a method of curing the surface layer. Compared to induction hardening and tempering treatments (quenching and tempering), the heat treatment distortion is small. However, since the surface layer is a very hard compound layer, the bending processability is reduced and seizure resistance is reduced. May be reduced.

このように高周波焼入後や軟窒化処理後には曲がり矯正加工を行う必要があり、製造上の大きな制約をなっている。   As described above, it is necessary to perform bending correction processing after induction hardening or soft nitriding treatment, which is a great limitation in manufacturing.

これに対して特許文献3には、高周波焼入れや軟窒化処理の高強度化処理を施さずにクランクシャフトを製造する方法が記載されている。そして、特許文献3には、鋼材の成分を最適化することで疲労強度、耐摩耗性を有することができたと記載されているが、前述の高周波焼入れや軟窒化処理の高強度化処理を施す製造方法によって製造した場合に比べ被削性が不良となる。そのため大幅に切削費が増加してしまい、競争力が低くなる。   On the other hand, Patent Document 3 describes a method of manufacturing a crankshaft without performing high-strength processing such as induction hardening or soft nitriding. And it is described in patent document 3 that it was able to have fatigue strength and abrasion resistance by optimizing the component of steel materials, but the above-mentioned high-frequency quenching or soft nitriding treatment is applied. Compared with the case of manufacturing by the manufacturing method, the machinability becomes poor. For this reason, the cutting cost is greatly increased and the competitiveness is lowered.

特開平05−033101号公報JP 05-033101 A 特開2012−026005号公報JP 2012-026005 A 特開2004−084061号公報JP 2004-084061 A

上記のように、従来、高周波焼入れ処理やガス軟窒化処理のような高強度化処理を施さずに、強度(疲労強度、耐焼付き性)が高位に保たれ、優れた製造性(被削性)をも備える鋼材は提案されていなかった。   As described above, the strength (fatigue strength and seizure resistance) is maintained at a high level without any conventional high-strength treatment such as induction hardening or gas soft nitriding, and excellent manufacturability (machinability) ) Has not been proposed.

本発明は上記のような課題を解決することを目的とする。
すなわち、本発明の目的は、熱間加工後に調質処理(焼入れ・焼戻し)を省略することができる非調質鋼であり、熱間鍛造および機械加工により部品形状に成形した後、高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略しても、強度(特に疲労強度および耐摩耗性)と製造性(特に被削性)とが共に優れる熱間鍛造用非調質鋼およびその熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなるクランクシャフト等の自動車用部品を提供することである。
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems.
That is, the object of the present invention is non-tempered steel that can omit the tempering treatment (quenching / tempering) after hot working, and after forming into a part shape by hot forging and machining, induction hardening or Non-tempered steel for hot forging with excellent strength (particularly fatigue strength and wear resistance) and manufacturability (particularly machinability) and its hot forging even if surface hardening treatment such as soft nitriding is omitted It is to provide automotive parts such as crankshaft made of non-heat treated steel.

本発明者は上記課題を解決するため鋭意検討し、本発明を完成させた。
本発明は以下の[1]〜[3]である。
[1]質量%で、
C:0.45〜0.75%、
Si:0.01〜1.0%、
Mn:0.1〜2.0%、
Cu:0.5%以下、
Ni:0.5%以下、
S:0.01〜0.15%、
Cr:0.01〜1.5%、
Mo:0.01〜0.5%、
V:0.01〜0.5%、
Ce+Zr:0.01〜0.05%、
Al:0.001〜0.1%、
N:0.005〜0.025%であり、
残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、
式(1):90≦100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100V≦120
式(2):30≧125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Cr
式(3):10≦(Ce+Zr)/O≦30
を満たし、
熱間鍛造した場合に鋼断面組織がパーライトまたはフェライト+パーライトであり、初析フェライト面積率が10%未満である、熱間鍛造用非調質鋼。
[2]上記(1)に記載の熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなる自動車用部品。
[3]上記(1)に記載の熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなるクランクシャフト。
The inventor has intensively studied to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has completed the present invention.
The present invention includes the following [1] to [3].
[1] By mass%
C: 0.45-0.75%,
Si: 0.01 to 1.0%,
Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%,
Cu: 0.5% or less,
Ni: 0.5% or less,
S: 0.01 to 0.15%,
Cr: 0.01 to 1.5%
Mo: 0.01 to 0.5%,
V: 0.01-0.5%
Ce + Zr: 0.01-0.05%,
Al: 0.001 to 0.1%,
N: 0.005 to 0.025%,
The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities,
Formula (1): 90 ≦ 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V ≦ 120
Formula (2): 30 ≧ 125-144C + 10Si−28Mn−49Cr
Formula (3): 10 ≦ (Ce + Zr) / O ≦ 30
The filling,
Non-tempered steel for hot forging having a steel cross-sectional structure of pearlite or ferrite + pearlite and a pro-eutectoid ferrite area ratio of less than 10% when hot forged.
[2] An automotive part comprising the non-heat treated steel for hot forging as described in (1) above.
[3] A crankshaft comprising the non-heat treated steel for hot forging as described in (1) above.

本発明によれば、熱間加工後に調質処理(焼入れ・焼戻し)を省略することができる非調質鋼であり、熱間鍛造および機械加工により部品形状に成形した後、高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略しても、強度(特に疲労強度および耐摩耗性)と製造性(特に被削性)とが共に優れる熱間鍛造用非調質鋼およびその熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなるクランクシャフト等の自動車用部品を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is a non-tempered steel that can omit the tempering treatment (quenching / tempering) after hot working, and after forming into a part shape by hot forging and machining, induction hardening and soft nitriding Even if the surface hardening treatment such as is omitted, non-heat treated steel for hot forging with excellent strength (especially fatigue strength and wear resistance) and manufacturability (especially machinability) and non-conditioned steel for hot forging Parts for automobiles such as crankshafts made of quality steel can be provided.

本発明について説明する。
本発明は、質量%で、C:0.45〜0.75%、Si:0.01〜1.0%、Mn:0.1〜2.0%、Cu:0.5%以下、Ni:0.5%以下、S:0.01〜0.15%、Cr:0.01〜1.5%、Mo:0.01〜0.5%、V:0.01〜0.5%、Ce+Zr:0.01〜0.05%、Al:0.001〜0.1%、N:0.005〜0.025%であり、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、式(1):90≦100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100V≦120、式(2):30≧125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Cr、式(3):10≦(Ce+Zr)/O≦30を満たし、熱間鍛造した場合に鋼断面組織がパーライトまたはフェライト+パーライトであり、初析フェライト面積率が10%未満である、熱間鍛造用非調質鋼である。
このような熱間鍛造用非調質鋼を、以下では「本発明の非調質鋼」ともいう。
The present invention will be described.
The present invention is by mass%, C: 0.45-0.75%, Si: 0.01-1.0%, Mn: 0.1-2.0%, Cu: 0.5% or less, Ni : 0.5% or less, S: 0.01 to 0.15%, Cr: 0.01 to 1.5%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.5%, V: 0.01 to 0.5% Ce + Zr: 0.01 to 0.05%, Al: 0.001 to 0.1%, N: 0.005 to 0.025%, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, and the formula (1) : 90 ≦ 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V ≦ 120, Formula (2): 30 ≧ 125-144C + 10Si-28Mn-49Cr, Formula (3): When satisfying 10 ≦ (Ce + Zr) / O ≦ 30, the steel cross-sectional structure is pearlite Or ferrite + pearlite, proeutectoid ferrite surface Rate is less than 10%, hot forging microalloyed steel.
Such a non-heat treated steel for hot forging is hereinafter also referred to as “the non-heat treated steel of the present invention”.

本発明の非調質鋼の組成について説明する。   The composition of the non-heat treated steel of the present invention will be described.

C成分の含有率は0.45〜0.75質量%である。
この含有率が低すぎると本発明の非調質鋼およびこれからなる自動車用部品(クランクシャフトを含む。以下、同様)の強度が低くなる傾向がある。逆に、この含有率が高すぎると、被削性(切削加工性)が低下する傾向がある。
The content rate of C component is 0.45-0.75 mass%.
If this content is too low, the strength of the non-heat treated steel of the present invention and automotive parts (including the crankshaft, hereinafter the same) tends to be low. On the contrary, when this content rate is too high, there exists a tendency for machinability (cutting workability) to fall.

Si成分の含有率は0.01〜1.0質量%である。
Siは鋼溶製時に脱酸剤として利用されるが、この含有率が上記範囲内であると、本発明の非調質鋼およびこれからなる自動車用部品の疲労強度を高めるように作用する。また、この含有率が高すぎると、熱間鍛造性を損ね製造性が低下する傾向がある。また、切削加工前の素材(熱間鍛造後)の硬さが過剰となり、切削加工性を劣化させる可能性がある。
The content rate of Si component is 0.01-1.0 mass%.
Si is used as a deoxidizer during steel melting, but if this content is within the above range, it acts to increase the fatigue strength of the non-tempered steel of the present invention and automotive parts composed thereof. Moreover, when this content rate is too high, there exists a tendency for hot forgeability to be impaired and for productivity to fall. Moreover, the hardness of the raw material before cutting (after hot forging) becomes excessive, and there is a possibility that the cutting workability is deteriorated.

Mn成分の含有率は0.1〜2.0質量%である。
Mnは脱酸剤として機能し、本発明の非調質鋼の焼入れ性を高めて強度を向上させる。
また、この含有率が高すぎるとマルテンサイト組織を現出させやすくし、熱間鍛造後の硬さを高め、被削性の低下を招き、合わせて熱間鍛造性も損ねる可能性がある。
なお、Mnは被削性向上に寄与するMn系硫化物を形成させるために必須の元素である。
The content rate of a Mn component is 0.1-2.0 mass%.
Mn functions as a deoxidizer, and improves the hardenability of the non-heat treated steel of the present invention to improve the strength.
On the other hand, if the content is too high, a martensite structure can be easily revealed, the hardness after hot forging is increased, machinability is lowered, and hot forgeability may be impaired.
Mn is an essential element for forming a Mn-based sulfide that contributes to improving machinability.

Cu成分およびNi成分の含有率は0.5質量%以下である。
これらの成分の含有率は、各々、0.001質量%以上であることが好ましい。
これらの成分の含有率が上記の範囲であると焼入性が高まり、本発明の非調質鋼およびこれからなる自動車用部品の疲労強度が高まる。これらの成分の含有率が高すぎると、熱間鍛造後の硬さが高くなり、被削性が低下し、合わせて熱間鍛造性も損ねる可能性がある。この場合、コストUPに繋がる。また、Cuの多量添加はCuが鋼の粒界に偏析することに起因して、熱間割れが誘起される。
The content rate of Cu component and Ni component is 0.5 mass% or less.
The content of these components is preferably 0.001% by mass or more.
When the content of these components is in the above range, the hardenability is increased, and the fatigue strength of the non-heat treated steel of the present invention and the automotive part comprising the same is increased. If the content of these components is too high, the hardness after hot forging becomes high, the machinability is lowered, and hot forgeability may be impaired. In this case, the cost is increased. Further, when Cu is added in a large amount, Cu is segregated at the grain boundaries of steel, and hot cracking is induced.

S成分の含有率は0.01〜0.15質量%である。
S成分はMnと共に被削性向上に寄与するMn系硫化物の必須形成元素である。S成分の含有率が低すぎると、硫化物の生成量が不足して被削性が不十分となる。逆に、S成分の含有率が高すぎると、本発明の非調質鋼の靭性と延性が損なわれ、介在物が疲労破壊の起点となり、疲労強度特性を劣化させる傾向がある。
The content rate of S component is 0.01-0.15 mass%.
The S component is an essential element of Mn-based sulfide that contributes to improvement of machinability together with Mn. If the content of the S component is too low, the amount of sulfide produced is insufficient and the machinability becomes insufficient. On the other hand, if the content of the S component is too high, the toughness and ductility of the non-heat treated steel of the present invention are impaired, and inclusions tend to cause fatigue fracture, which tends to deteriorate fatigue strength characteristics.

Cr成分の含有率は0.01〜1.5質量%である。
Cr成分は焼入性を高めて強度を高め、加えて鋼の疲労強度を高める。Cr成分の含有率が高すぎると、この成分の含有率が高すぎると熱間鍛造性を損ねる可能性があり、また、熱間鍛造後の硬さが高くなり、被削性が低下する可能性がある。この場合、コストUPに繋がる。
The content rate of Cr component is 0.01-1.5 mass%.
The Cr component increases hardenability and strength, and in addition increases the fatigue strength of steel. If the Cr component content is too high, the hot forgeability may be impaired if the content of this component is too high, and the hardness after hot forging may increase and machinability may decrease. There is sex. In this case, the cost is increased.

Mo成分の含有率は0.01〜0.5質量%である。
Mo成分は焼入性を高めて強度を高め、加えて鋼の疲労強度および靭性を高める。この成分の含有率が高すぎると熱間鍛造性を損ねる可能性があり、また、熱間鍛造後の硬さが高くなり、被削性が低下する可能性がある。この場合、コストUPに繋がる。
The content rate of Mo component is 0.01-0.5 mass%.
The Mo component increases hardenability and strength, and in addition increases the fatigue strength and toughness of the steel. If the content of this component is too high, hot forgeability may be impaired, and the hardness after hot forging may be increased, and machinability may be reduced. In this case, the cost is increased.

V成分の含有率は0.01〜0.5質量%である。
V成分はフェライトを強化し、鋼の疲労強度および靭性を高める。この成分の含有率が高すぎると熱間鍛造性を損ねる可能性があり、また、炭窒化物熱間鍛造後の硬さを高め、被削性を低下させる可能性がある。この場合、コストUPに繋がる。
The content rate of V component is 0.01-0.5 mass%.
V component strengthens a ferrite and raises the fatigue strength and toughness of steel. If the content of this component is too high, hot forgeability may be impaired, and the hardness after carbonitride hot forging may be increased and machinability may be reduced. In this case, the cost is increased.

Ce成分とZr成分の合計含有率(Ce+Zr含有率)は0.01〜0.05質量%である。
この合計含有率が上記の範囲であるとMnSが適切に分散するため好ましい。また、この合計含有率が高すぎると粗大な酸化物が発生する可能性があり、この場合、粗大な酸化物が起点となって亀裂等が生じる可能性があり、その結果、疲労強度が低下する傾向がある。
The total content (Ce + Zr content) of the Ce component and the Zr component is 0.01 to 0.05% by mass.
It is preferable for the total content to be in the above range because MnS is appropriately dispersed. In addition, if this total content is too high, coarse oxides may be generated. In this case, coarse oxides may be the starting point and cracks may occur, resulting in a decrease in fatigue strength. Tend to.

Al成分の含有率は0.001〜0.1質量である。
Alは鋼溶製時に脱酸剤として利用される。この含有率が高すぎると粗大な酸化物や炭窒化物が発生する可能性があり、この場合、粗大な酸化物が起点となって亀裂等が生じる可能性があり、その結果、疲労強度が低下する傾向がある。
The content rate of Al component is 0.001-0.1 mass.
Al is used as a deoxidizer during steel melting. If this content is too high, coarse oxides and carbonitrides may be generated. In this case, coarse oxides may be the starting point and cracks may occur, resulting in fatigue strength. There is a tendency to decrease.

N成分の含有率は0.005〜0.025質量である。
この含有率がこのような範囲であると、N成分はAl成分と結合して窒化物を形成し、この窒化物が微細に析出して熱間鍛造時の結晶粒成長を抑制して強度向上に寄与する。この成分の含有率が高すぎると、その効果は飽和し、却って粗大な炭窒化物が起点となって亀裂が生じる可能性があり、その結果、疲労強度が低下する傾向がある。さらには鋳造時にブローホールなどが発生して、鋼塊の健全性が損なわれる可能性がある。
The content rate of N component is 0.005-0.025 mass.
When this content is in such a range, the N component combines with the Al component to form a nitride, and this nitride precipitates finely to suppress the grain growth during hot forging and improve the strength. Contribute to. If the content of this component is too high, the effect is saturated, and on the other hand, coarse carbonitrides may start as cracks, and as a result, fatigue strength tends to decrease. Furthermore, blow holes may occur during casting, which may impair the soundness of the steel ingot.

本発明の非調質鋼は、上記のような成分を含み、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる。
Fe中に含まれ得る不可避的不純物として、例えば、P、Oが挙げられる。
Pは鋼の靭性を低下させる可能性があるので、その含有率は0.04質量%以下とすることが好ましい。
Oは0.01質量%以下とすることが好ましい。粗大な酸化物が起点となって亀裂が生じる可能性があり、その結果、疲労強度が低下する傾向があるからである。
The non-tempered steel of the present invention contains the components as described above, and the balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Examples of inevitable impurities that can be contained in Fe include P and O.
Since P may reduce the toughness of the steel, the content is preferably 0.04% by mass or less.
O is preferably 0.01% by mass or less. This is because a coarse oxide may be a starting point and a crack may occur, and as a result, fatigue strength tends to decrease.

本発明の非調質鋼における各成分は、以下に示す式(1)を満たす。
式(1):90≦100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100V≦120
100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100Vから算出される値が90未満であると、得られる非調質鋼の疲労強度が低下する傾向があり、逆に、120を超えると、得られる非調質鋼の被削性が低下する傾向があることを、本発明者は見出した。
Each component in the non-heat treated steel of the present invention satisfies the following formula (1).
Formula (1): 90 ≦ 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V ≦ 120
When the value calculated from 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V is less than 90, the fatigue strength of the obtained non-tempered steel tends to decrease. The inventor has found that there is a tendency.

なお、ここで、100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100Vは、100×C含有率+27×Si含有率+16×Mn含有率+20×Cr含有率+40×Mo含有率+100×V含有率を意味する。
後述する式(2)および式(3)においても同様である。
Here, 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V means 100 × C content + 27 × Si content + 16 × Mn content + 20 × Cr content + 40 × Mo content + 100 × V content.
The same applies to formulas (2) and (3) described later.

本発明の非調質鋼における各成分は、以下に示す式(2)を満たす。
式(2):30≧125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Cr
125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Crから算出される値が30を超えると、得られる非調質鋼の耐摩耗性が低下する傾向があることを、本発明者は見出した。
125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Crから算出される値は−20以上であることが好ましく、−10以上であることがより好ましい。
Each component in the non-heat treated steel of the present invention satisfies the following formula (2).
Formula (2): 30 ≧ 125-144C + 10Si−28Mn−49Cr
The present inventor has found that when the value calculated from 125-144C + 10Si-28Mn-49Cr exceeds 30, the wear resistance of the obtained non-tempered steel tends to decrease.
The value calculated from 125-144C + 10Si-28Mn-49Cr is preferably −20 or more, and more preferably −10 or more.

本発明の非調質鋼における各成分は、以下に示す式(3)を満たす。
式(3):10≦(Ce+Zr)/O≦30
(Ce+Zr)/Oから算出される値が10未満または30を超えると、得られる非調質鋼の被削性が低下する傾向があることを、本発明者は見出した。
式(3)における下限値は15であることが好ましく、上限値は25であることが好ましい。
Each component in the non-heat treated steel of the present invention satisfies the following formula (3).
Formula (3): 10 ≦ (Ce + Zr) / O ≦ 30
The inventor has found that when the value calculated from (Ce + Zr) / O is less than 10 or exceeds 30, the machinability of the obtained non-tempered steel tends to decrease.
The lower limit in Formula (3) is preferably 15 and the upper limit is preferably 25.

本発明の非調質鋼は上記のような組成を備え、さらに熱間鍛造した場合(熱間鍛造直後であって、調質処理を施してないもの)、鋼断面組織がパーライトまたはフェライト+パーライト(フェライトとパーライトとが混在した組成)となるものである。   The non-tempered steel of the present invention has the above composition, and when hot forged (immediately after hot forging and not subjected to tempering), the steel cross-sectional structure is pearlite or ferrite + pearlite. (Composition in which ferrite and pearlite are mixed).

本発明の非調質鋼は上記のような組成を備え、さらに熱間鍛造した場合(熱間鍛造直後であって、調質処理を施してないもの)における初析フェライト面積率が10%未満であるものである。
初析フェライト面積率は、熱間鍛造後の鋼片を樹脂に埋めて固めた後、ピクラール液で腐食したものを、光学顕微鏡を用いて倍率100倍で5視野撮影し、写真を画像解析ソフト(WinROOF)を用いて解析して、求めた値を意味するものとする。
The non-tempered steel of the present invention has the above composition and further has a pro-eutectoid ferrite area ratio of less than 10% when hot forged (immediately after hot forging and not tempered). It is what is.
For the pro-eutectoid ferrite area ratio, the steel pieces after hot forging were hardened by embedding them in resin, and then corroded with Picral liquid were photographed at 5 magnifications using an optical microscope at a magnification of 100 times, and the photographs were image analysis software. It shall mean the value obtained by analysis using (WinROOF).

このような本発明の非調質鋼は熱間鍛造後の調質処理を省略することができる非調質鋼であり、熱間鍛造および機械加工により部品形状に成形した後の高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略しても強度(特に疲労強度および耐摩耗性)と製造性(特に被削性)とに優れる。   Such a non-heat treated steel according to the present invention is a non-heat treated steel which can omit the heat treatment after hot forging, and is induction-hardened or softened after being formed into a part shape by hot forging and machining. Even if the surface hardening treatment such as nitriding is omitted, the strength (particularly fatigue strength and wear resistance) and the manufacturability (particularly machinability) are excellent.

また、本発明は、上記のような本発明の非調質鋼からなる自動車用部品である。
また、この自動車部品としてクランクシャフトを好適例として挙げられる。
このようなクランクシャフトに代表される自動車用部品は、その製造過程において高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略することができるので、曲がりが極めて少なくなる。
Moreover, this invention is an automotive component which consists of the above non-heat treated steel of this invention.
Moreover, a crankshaft is mentioned as a suitable example as this motor vehicle part.
Such automotive parts typified by crankshafts can be less bent because surface hardening treatments such as induction hardening and soft nitriding can be omitted in the manufacturing process.

<試験片の製造>
第1表に示す組成となるように150kgの原料を混合し、真空溶解炉で溶製し、1250℃で断面直径が70mmの丸棒へ鍛伸した。次に、1250℃で加熱し、1050℃の仕上げ温度で、断面が45mm角の棒状片に熱間鍛造し、その後、室温まで空冷処理を行った。
このような操作を行って、第1表に示す発明鋼1〜5および比較鋼6〜9の各々に係る試験片を得た。
なお、試験片は、鋼断面組織がパーライトまたはフェライト+パーライトであり、初析フェライト面積率が10%未満であることを確認した。
<Manufacture of test pieces>
150 kg of raw materials were mixed so as to have the composition shown in Table 1, melted in a vacuum melting furnace, and forged into a round bar having a cross-sectional diameter of 70 mm at 1250 ° C. Next, it was heated at 1250 ° C., hot forged into a 45 mm square bar-like piece at a finishing temperature of 1050 ° C., and then air-cooled to room temperature.
By performing such an operation, test pieces according to each of invention steels 1 to 5 and comparative steels 6 to 9 shown in Table 1 were obtained.
The test piece was confirmed to have a steel cross-sectional structure of pearlite or ferrite + pearlite and a pro-eutectoid ferrite area ratio of less than 10%.

<曲げ強度試験>
45mm角片の1/2部から断面直径18mmの丸棒(長さ210mm)を切り出し、平行部径がφ18mmであり、中央に2か所の試験部を設けた試験片を得た。ここで試験部には曲率半径がR2の応力集中部を設けた。また、試験部における平行部径はφ10mmであり、この平行部の長さは約20mmである。そして、試験片を用いて、常温の大気中にて、疲労試験装置(装置名:小野式回転曲げ疲労試験機)を用い、2500rpmの条件で疲労試験を行い、各試験片の曲げ強度を測定した。
結果を第1表に示す。
<Bending strength test>
A round bar (210 mm in length) having a cross-sectional diameter of 18 mm was cut out from ½ part of a 45 mm square piece, and a test piece having a parallel part diameter of 18 mm and two test parts in the center was obtained. Here, a stress concentration portion having a radius of curvature R2 was provided in the test portion. Moreover, the parallel part diameter in a test part is (phi) 10 mm, and the length of this parallel part is about 20 mm. Then, using a test piece, in a normal temperature atmosphere, using a fatigue test apparatus (device name: Ono-type rotary bending fatigue tester), a fatigue test is performed at 2500 rpm, and the bending strength of each test piece is measured. did.
The results are shown in Table 1.

<耐摩耗試験>
45mm角片から、外径φ25.6mm、内径φ20mm、長さ15mmの筒状試験片を切り出した。そして、45mm角、長さ10mmのAl材を相手材とし、ピン・リングオンディスク型摩擦摩耗試験機を用いて焼付き試験を実施した。ここで、筒状試験片(リング)と相手材(ディスク)は100℃の油に完全に浸した状態で試験した。また、筒状試験片(リング)の摺動速度(回転速度)は2m/sとした。また、試験では滑り速度を固定し、荷重を5kgf/minずつ増加させていき、動摩擦係数(μ)に大きな変化が現われた時点の荷重を焼付き荷重とした。ここで荷重の上限値は350kgfとした。荷重を350kgfまで増加させても動摩擦係数(μ)に変化が無い場合は焼き付きがないと判断できるためである。
結果を第1表に示す。
<Abrasion resistance test>
A cylindrical test piece having an outer diameter of 25.6 mm, an inner diameter of 20 mm, and a length of 15 mm was cut out from the 45 mm square piece. Then, a seizure test was performed using a 45 mm square, 10 mm long Al material as a counterpart material and using a pin-ring-on-disk type frictional wear tester. Here, the cylindrical test piece (ring) and the mating member (disk) were tested in a state of being completely immersed in oil at 100 ° C. The sliding speed (rotational speed) of the cylindrical test piece (ring) was 2 m / s. In the test, the sliding speed was fixed, the load was increased by 5 kgf / min, and the load at the time when a large change in the dynamic friction coefficient (μ) appeared was taken as the seizure load. Here, the upper limit value of the load was 350 kgf. This is because if there is no change in the dynamic friction coefficient (μ) even when the load is increased to 350 kgf, it can be determined that there is no seizure.
The results are shown in Table 1.

<被削性試験>
40mm×40mm×199mmの試験片をφ5mmのストレートシャンクドリルで加工し、切屑の一個当たりの重量(mg/個)を測定した。そして、30mg/個以上の切屑が発生し、切屑が長いため被削性が悪いものを×、20〜25mg/個の短い切屑が発生し、被削性が良いものを○とした。また、20mg/個未満の短い切屑が発生するものを特に優れるものとして◎とした。
結果を第1表に示す。
<Machinability test>
A test piece of 40 mm × 40 mm × 199 mm was processed with a straight shank drill of φ5 mm, and the weight (mg / piece) per chip was measured. Then, 30 mg / piece or more of chips were generated, those having poor machinability due to long chips, x, 20 to 25 mg / piece of short chips were generated, and those having good machinability were evaluated as ◯. Moreover, the thing which generate | occur | produces the short chip | tip of less than 20 mg / piece was marked as ◎ as an especially excellent thing.
The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2017155283
Figure 2017155283

第1表に示すように、発明鋼1〜5は、いずれも曲げ強度が高く、耐摩耗性および被削性に優れることがわかる。
発明鋼1〜5のような鋼材は熱間鍛造後の調質処理を省略することができる非調質鋼であり、熱間鍛造および機械加工により部品形状に成形した後の高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略しても強度(特に疲労強度および耐摩耗性)と製造性(特に被削性)とに優れる。また、高周波焼入れや軟窒化などの表面硬化処理を省略することができるので、発明鋼1〜5の鋼材からなるクランクシャフトのような自動車部材は、曲がりが極めて少なくなる。
As shown in Table 1, Invention Steels 1 to 5 all have high bending strength and are excellent in wear resistance and machinability.
Steel materials such as invention steels 1 to 5 are non-tempered steel that can omit the tempering treatment after hot forging, and induction hardening and soft nitriding after forming into a part shape by hot forging and machining. Even if the surface hardening treatment such as is omitted, it is excellent in strength (particularly fatigue strength and wear resistance) and manufacturability (particularly machinability). Further, since the surface hardening treatment such as induction hardening and soft nitriding can be omitted, the automobile member such as a crankshaft made of the steel materials of the inventive steels 1 to 5 is extremely less bent.

これに対して、比較鋼6は曲げ強度が低い。これは比較鋼6が式(1)を満たさないためと考えられる。曲げ強度は45kgf/mm2以上であれば良く、55kgf/mm2以上であると極めて良いと判断される。
また、比較鋼7は被削性に劣る。これは比較鋼7が式(3)を満たさないためと考えられる。
また、比較鋼8は被削性に劣る。これは比較鋼8が式(1)を満たさないためと考えられる。
さらに、比較鋼9は耐摩耗性に劣る。これは比較鋼9が式(2)を満たさないためと考えられる。
On the other hand, the comparative steel 6 has low bending strength. This is considered because the comparative steel 6 does not satisfy the formula (1). Flexural strength as long 45 kgf / mm 2 or more, it is determined that a very good and is 55 kgf / mm 2 or more.
Moreover, the comparative steel 7 is inferior to machinability. This is considered because the comparative steel 7 does not satisfy the formula (3).
Moreover, the comparative steel 8 is inferior to machinability. This is considered because the comparative steel 8 does not satisfy the formula (1).
Furthermore, the comparative steel 9 is inferior in wear resistance. This is considered because the comparative steel 9 does not satisfy the formula (2).

Claims (3)

質量%で、
C:0.45〜0.75%、
Si:0.01〜1.0%、
Mn:0.1〜2.0%、
Cu:0.5%以下、
Ni:0.5%以下、
S:0.01〜0.15%、
Cr:0.01〜1.5%、
Mo:0.01〜0.5%、
V:0.01〜0.5%、
Ce+Zr:0.01〜0.05%、
Al:0.001〜0.1%、
N:0.005〜0.025%であり、
残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、
式(1):90≦100C+27Si+16Mn+20Cr+40Mo+100V≦120
式(2):30≧125−144C+10Si−28Mn−49Cr
式(3):10≦(Ce+Zr)/O≦30
を満たし、
熱間鍛造した場合に鋼断面組織がパーライトまたはフェライト+パーライトであり、初析フェライト面積率が10%未満である、熱間鍛造用非調質鋼。
% By mass
C: 0.45-0.75%,
Si: 0.01 to 1.0%,
Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%,
Cu: 0.5% or less,
Ni: 0.5% or less,
S: 0.01 to 0.15%,
Cr: 0.01 to 1.5%
Mo: 0.01 to 0.5%,
V: 0.01-0.5%
Ce + Zr: 0.01-0.05%,
Al: 0.001 to 0.1%,
N: 0.005 to 0.025%,
The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities,
Formula (1): 90 ≦ 100C + 27Si + 16Mn + 20Cr + 40Mo + 100V ≦ 120
Formula (2): 30 ≧ 125-144C + 10Si−28Mn−49Cr
Formula (3): 10 ≦ (Ce + Zr) / O ≦ 30
The filling,
Non-tempered steel for hot forging having a steel cross-sectional structure of pearlite or ferrite + pearlite and a pro-eutectoid ferrite area ratio of less than 10% when hot forged.
請求項1に記載の熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなる自動車用部品。   An automotive part comprising the non-heat treated steel for hot forging according to claim 1. 請求項1に記載の熱間鍛造用非調質鋼からなるクランクシャフト。   A crankshaft comprising the non-heat treated steel for hot forging according to claim 1.
JP2016039365A 2016-03-01 2016-03-01 Non-tempered steel for hot forging and automotive parts Active JP6662107B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016039365A JP6662107B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2016-03-01 Non-tempered steel for hot forging and automotive parts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016039365A JP6662107B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2016-03-01 Non-tempered steel for hot forging and automotive parts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2017155283A true JP2017155283A (en) 2017-09-07
JP6662107B2 JP6662107B2 (en) 2020-03-11

Family

ID=59808068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2016039365A Active JP6662107B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2016-03-01 Non-tempered steel for hot forging and automotive parts

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6662107B2 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06172961A (en) * 1992-12-09 1994-06-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Parts for machine structure excellent in fatigue resistance, particularly in face fatigue strength and its production
JPH09143610A (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-03 Kobe Steel Ltd Hot forged non-heat treated steel having high fatigue strength and its production
JP2002194502A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-10 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Crank shaft steel superior in both machinability and abrasion resistance
JP2003147478A (en) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-21 Sumitomo Metals (Kokura) Ltd Non-heattreated steel
JP2008240130A (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Non-heat treated steel material
JP2013044030A (en) * 2011-08-25 2013-03-04 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd Non-heat treated steel for hot forging excellent in machinability

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06172961A (en) * 1992-12-09 1994-06-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Parts for machine structure excellent in fatigue resistance, particularly in face fatigue strength and its production
JPH09143610A (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-03 Kobe Steel Ltd Hot forged non-heat treated steel having high fatigue strength and its production
JP2002194502A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-10 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Crank shaft steel superior in both machinability and abrasion resistance
JP2003147478A (en) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-21 Sumitomo Metals (Kokura) Ltd Non-heattreated steel
JP2008240130A (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Non-heat treated steel material
JP2013044030A (en) * 2011-08-25 2013-03-04 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd Non-heat treated steel for hot forging excellent in machinability

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6662107B2 (en) 2020-03-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5123335B2 (en) Crankshaft and manufacturing method thereof
JP5669339B2 (en) Manufacturing method of high strength carburized parts
JP4632931B2 (en) Induction hardening steel excellent in cold workability and its manufacturing method
JP4581966B2 (en) Induction hardening steel
WO2015050152A9 (en) Age hardening steel
JP7152832B2 (en) machine parts
JP2009299148A (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength carburized component
JP6693206B2 (en) Crankshaft, manufacturing method thereof, and crankshaft steel
JP2010007120A (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength carburized component
JPWO2014027463A1 (en) Induction hardening steel
JP6620490B2 (en) Age-hardening steel
JP4488228B2 (en) Induction hardening steel
JP4396561B2 (en) Induction hardening steel
JP2016138320A (en) NiCrMo STEEL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF NiCrMo STEEL
JP2012052153A (en) Steel for induction hardening, and crankshaft manufactured using the same
JP6860265B2 (en) Steel, crankshafts and automotive parts
JP2009299165A (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength carburized component by induction hardening
JP2009299147A (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength carburized component
JP2020029608A (en) Steel for carbonitriding
JP4450217B2 (en) Non-tempered steel for soft nitriding
JP7149179B2 (en) Mechanical parts for automobiles made of induction hardened steel with excellent static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength
JP4640101B2 (en) Hot forged parts
JP2013072104A (en) Steel excellent in toughness and wear resistance
JP6662107B2 (en) Non-tempered steel for hot forging and automotive parts
JP4302480B2 (en) High hardness steel with excellent cold workability

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20190125

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20190911

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20190924

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20191107

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20200114

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20200127

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6662107

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150