JP2017149166A - Saddle-riding type vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a saddle-riding type vehicle capable of enhancing an early stage activation of a catalysis as well as suppressing a heat hazard of the catalysis with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A saddle-riding type vehicle comprises: a vehicle body cover which covers at least a part of an upper surface of a single cylinder 4-stroke engine, and which is formed to have at least a part of a middle part in a longitudinal cross section viewed from the front, higher than a left end and a right end, and which has an open part open to the front; a suction air passage which has at least a part disposed in between the single cylinder 4-stroke engine and the vehicle body cover, and behind the open part, and which is connected with the single cylinder 4-stroke engine; a main catalysis which has at least a part disposed below the single cylinder 4-stroke engine, and an exhaust gas purification capability highest in an exhaust passage of a single cylinder 4-stroke engine unit; and an injector which has at least a part disposed above the single cylinder 4-stroke engine, in the front of the suction passage, and behind the open part, and which injects a fuel to the suction passage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a saddle riding type vehicle.

  A structure in which the catalyst is arranged upstream of the silencer in the exhaust passage has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). According to this proposal, since the high-temperature exhaust gas can flow into the catalyst whose activity generally increases at a high temperature, the early activity of the catalyst can be enhanced.

JP 2006-207571 A

  However, if the catalyst is arranged outside the silencer, it is necessary to take measures against heat damage of the catalyst. The catalyst is very hot compared to the engine.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a straddle-type vehicle that can enhance early activity of a catalyst and can take measures against heat damage of the catalyst with a simple configuration.

A straddle-type vehicle according to one aspect (aspect 1) of the present invention includes:
A single-cylinder four-stroke engine including a horizontal cylinder portion, a cylinder head portion, and a crankcase portion provided so that the cylinder axis faces the horizontal direction;
Covering at least a part of the upper surface of the single-cylinder four-stroke engine, and at least a part of the middle part of the longitudinal section viewed from the front is formed higher than the left end and the right end, and has an opening that opens toward the front Body cover,
An intake passage that is provided at least partially between the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and the vehicle body cover and behind the opening and connected to the single-cylinder four-stroke engine;
A main catalyst that is at least partially provided below the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and has the highest ability to purify exhaust gas in the exhaust passage, which is a passage for exhaust gas discharged from the single-cylinder four-stroke engine;
An injector that is at least partially disposed above the single-cylinder four-stroke engine, forward of the intake passage, and rearward of the opening, and injects fuel into the intake passage;
The structure provided with is taken.

  According to the present invention, at least a part of the main catalyst is disposed below the single-cylinder four-stroke engine, so that early activation can be promoted compared to the case where the main catalyst is disposed in the silencer. It is possible to reduce the number of protectors for heat damage countermeasures of the main catalyst, rather than disposing the catalyst on the left or right side of the single cylinder four-stroke engine. Therefore, the early activity of the main catalyst can be enhanced, and the heat damage countermeasure of the catalyst can be taken with a simple configuration.

  On the other hand, when at least a part of the catalyst is disposed below the single-cylinder four-stroke engine including the horizontal cylinder portion and the crankcase portion, the hot air of the catalyst rises along the periphery of the engine. Furthermore, at least a part of the upper surface of the single-cylinder four-stroke engine is covered, and at least a part of the middle part of the longitudinal section viewed from the front is formed higher than the left end and the right end, and an opening that opens toward the front is provided. If the vehicle body cover is provided, the heat raised from the engine and the catalyst is trapped in the space covered by the vehicle body cover. Further, in a single cylinder four-stroke engine including a horizontal cylinder portion, the intake passage is disposed in the vicinity of this space.

  However, according to the present invention, above the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and with respect to the intake passage that connects the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and an air cleaner that sucks in air, In addition, an injector is arranged behind the opening. With such an injector arrangement, even if the heat rising from the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and the main catalyst is trapped in the vehicle body cover, the trapped heat is separated from the injector so that the heat does not easily affect the injector. Can do. In addition, since the injector is close to the opening, it is a measure against heat damage. Therefore, the heat damage countermeasure configuration for the injector can be simplified.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the early activity of the catalyst can be enhanced, and the heat damage countermeasure of the catalyst can be taken with a simple configuration.

  In addition, the present invention may adopt the following aspects.

The saddle riding type vehicle according to aspect 2 is the saddle riding type vehicle according to aspect 1,
A head pipe, and a vehicle body frame having a main frame extending obliquely downward rearward from the head pipe,
The single-cylinder four-stroke engine is disposed below the main frame and is supported by the main frame so as not to swing.
Take the configuration.

  According to the aspect 2, the single-cylinder four-stroke engine is disposed below the main frame that extends obliquely downward and rearward from the head pipe, and is supported by the main frame so as not to swing. Therefore, even in a so-called underbone type vehicle, Heat can be made less likely to affect the injector.

The saddle riding type vehicle according to aspect 3 is the saddle riding type vehicle according to aspect 1,
The cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas of the main catalyst is larger than the cross-sectional area orthogonal to the flow direction of the exhaust gas before and after the main catalyst,
Take the configuration.

  According to the aspect 3, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction of the main catalyst is larger than the cross-sectional area orthogonal to the exhaust gas flow direction of the exhaust passage before and after the main catalyst. Compared to the case, the purification capacity of the main catalyst is increased. In addition, since the number of catalysts that can be arranged upstream of the exhaust passage is increased, the activity of the main catalyst is also accelerated compared to the case where it is small.

The side view which shows the motorcycle of embodiment of this invention Side view of motorcycle according to embodiment with body cover removed Bottom view of motorcycle according to the embodiment Front view of the motorcycle according to the embodiment with the front wheel and fender removed AA line sectional view of FIG. Enlarged view around the cylinder head Partially broken view showing the configuration inside the cylinder head Enlarged view around the cylinder head portion showing a modification of the motorcycle according to the embodiment

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, front, rear, left, and right mean front, rear, left, and right, respectively, as viewed from a motorcycle occupant. Reference numerals F, Re, L, and R attached to the drawings represent front, rear, left, and right, respectively.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the motorcycle according to the embodiment with the vehicle body cover removed. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the motorcycle according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a front view of the motorcycle according to the embodiment with the front wheel and the fender removed. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view around the cylinder head portion. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway view showing a configuration in the cylinder head portion.

  The vehicle according to the embodiment is a so-called underbone type motorcycle 1.

  The motorcycle 1 includes a vehicle body frame 2 composed of a plurality of frame members. The vehicle body frame 2 includes a head pipe 3, a main frame 4, and a seat rail 5. In the underbone type motorcycle 1, a recess 12 is formed behind the head pipe 3, ahead of the seat 9 and above the main frame 4 when viewed from the side of the vehicle. The portion of the main frame 4 between the seat 9 and the head pipe 3 is low. This makes it easier for the driver to straddle the main frame 4, that is, the vehicle body.

  A handle 7 is rotatably attached above the head pipe 3. A front fork 6 is supported below the head pipe 3. An axle 8 a is fixed to the lower end portion of the front fork 6. A front wheel 8 is rotatably attached to the axle 8a. Fenders 10 are provided above and behind the front wheels 8.

  The main frame 4 extends rearward and obliquely downward from the head pipe 3 in a side view. An engine 20 is disposed below the main frame 4. An air cleaner 29 is disposed above the engine 20. The air cleaner 29 is connected to one end portion of the intake passage 30, and the other end portion of the intake passage 30 is connected to an intake passage 21 (see FIG. 7) provided in the cylinder head portion 26 of the engine 20. The intake passage 30 extends upward from the cylinder head portion 26 in a side view. The air cleaner 29 purifies the air supplied to the engine 20. The air is purified by passing through the air cleaner 29 and supplied to the engine 20 through the intake passage 30. A front cover 11 is provided in front of the head pipe 3, on the left and right sides of the air cleaner 29, and on the left and right sides of a part of the engine 20.

  The seat rail 5 extends rearward and obliquely upward from the middle part of the main frame 4 in a side view. A seat 9 is disposed above the seat rail 5. The seat 9 is supported by the seat rail 5. A rear cushion unit 13 is disposed below the seat rail 5. The upper end portion of the rear cushion unit 13 is supported by the seat rail 5, and the lower end portion of the rear cushion unit 13 is supported by the rear arm 14. A pivot shaft 14 a is provided at the front portion of the rear arm 14. The rear arm 14 can swing up and down around the pivot shaft 14a. A rear wheel 15 is supported at the rear portion of the rear arm 14.

  Sides of the main frame 4 and the seat rail 5 of the body frame 2 are covered with a body cover 16. That is, the vehicle body cover 16 covers at least a part of the upper surface of the engine 20, and at least a part of the middle part of the longitudinal section viewed from the front is formed higher than the left end and the right end, and an opening that opens toward the front OP1 is provided (see FIG. 4). The intermediate portion of the longitudinal section when the vehicle body cover 16 is viewed from the front indicates an intermediate area of the longitudinal section divided into three parts, left, middle, and right. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. For this reason, the heat rising from the engine 20 and the main catalyst 32 is trapped in the space covered with the vehicle body cover 16. In particular, the heat rising from the engine 20 and the main catalyst 32 is likely to be trapped in the space behind the intake passage 30 where the vehicle body cover 16 is covered on the left and right and the upper side and the front is blocked by the air cleaner 29.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the main frame 4 is provided with a bracket 17. The bracket 17 extends downward from the main frame 4. The engine 20 includes a crankcase portion 18. A boss portion is formed at the upper portion of the front portion of the crankcase portion 18. The boss part of the crankcase part 18 is fixed to the bracket 17 by a bolt 18a so as not to swing. Further, the rear portion of the crankcase portion 18 is also fixed to other brackets using a bolt so as not to swing. The engine 20 is disposed below the main frame 4 and is fixed to the main frame 4 so as not to swing. The crankcase portion 18 incorporates a crankshaft, a speed change mechanism, and the like.

  The motorcycle 1 includes an engine 20, an exhaust pipe 31, a main catalyst 32, and a silencer 34 as an engine unit.

  The engine 20 is a single-cylinder four-stroke engine having a horizontal cylinder portion with a cylinder axis L1 extending in the horizontal direction. The engine 20 includes a cylinder part 24 extending forward from the crankcase part 18, a cylinder head part 26 fixed to the cylinder part 24, and a head cover 28 fixed to the cylinder head part 26. However, any two or three of the cylinder part 24, the cylinder head part 26, and the head cover 28 may be integrated. The cylinder part 24 is disposed in front of the crankcase part 18. The cylinder part 24 may be separate from the crankcase part 18, and the cylinder part 24 may be integrated with the crankcase part 18.

  The cylinder axis L1 is the center line of the combustion chamber extending in the direction of piston movement. In this specification, the cylinder axis L1 extending in the horizontal direction is defined as an acute angle θ (see FIG. 2) formed by the cylinder axis L1 and the normal V1 of the horizontal plane being 55 degrees or more.

  As shown in FIG. 6, an intake passage 30 is connected to the engine 20. An air cleaner 29 and a throttle body 36 are connected to the intake passage 30. The intake passage 30 is provided at least partially between the engine 20 and the vehicle body cover 16 and behind the opening OP1. The throttle body 36 is connected to the cylinder head portion 26 of the engine 20. The throttle body 36 incorporates a throttle valve (not shown). The intake amount of the engine 20 is adjusted by changing the opening of the throttle valve. The air sequentially flows to the air cleaner 29, the intake passage 30, the throttle body 36, and the engine 20.

  The throttle body 36 is provided with an injector 39 that injects fuel toward the intake passage 21 of the engine 20. The injector 39 is connected to the fuel tank 35 (see FIG. 2) via a fuel supply hose (not shown). The injector 39 is located above the engine 20 and forward of the motorcycle 1 with respect to the intake passage 30 in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle 1 and rearward of the motorcycle 1 with respect to the opening OP1. Placed in. With such an injector arrangement, even if the heat rising from the engine 20 and the main catalyst 32 is trapped in the vehicle body cover 16, the trapped heat is separated from the injector 39 so that the heat does not easily affect the injector 39. be able to. In addition, since the injector is close to the opening, it is a measure against heat damage.

  The cylinder head portion 26 is provided with an exhaust gas passage (see FIG. 7) that is a passage for exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber. An exhaust pipe 31 for flowing the exhaust gas downstream is connected to the downstream end of the exhaust gas passage. ing.

  A main catalyst 32 for purifying exhaust gas is disposed in the exhaust pipe 31 so that at least a part thereof is located below the engine 20. As described above, at least a part of the main catalyst 32 is disposed below the engine 20, so that early activation can be promoted as compared with the case where the main catalyst 32 is disposed in the silencer 34, and the main catalyst 32. As compared with the case where the engine 20 is disposed on the left side or the right side of the engine 20, the protector for heat damage countermeasures of the main catalyst 32 can be reduced. Therefore, the early activity of the main catalyst 32 can be enhanced, and a heat damage countermeasure for the catalyst can be taken with a simple configuration.

  The main catalyst 32 is a catalyst having the maximum exhaust gas purification capability in the exhaust passage which is a passage for exhaust gas discharged from the engine 20. The main catalyst 32 has a porous structure having a plurality of holes in order to increase the surface area. The porous structure is a structure in which a plurality of passages are collected in a bundle shape, and refers to a structure that is porous when a cross section perpendicular to the passage direction of the exhaust gas is viewed. An example of the porous structure is a honeycomb structure. The main catalyst 32 is a catalyst whose length in the passage direction is larger than the maximum width in the direction orthogonal to the passage direction. The cross section of the main catalyst 32 in the direction perpendicular to the passage direction of the exhaust passage is larger than that in the direction perpendicular to the passage direction of the exhaust passage before and after the main catalyst 32. Thereby, compared with the case where the cross-sectional area of the main catalyst is small or the same, the purification capacity of the main catalyst 32 is increased. In addition, since the number of catalysts that can be arranged upstream of the exhaust passage is increased, the activity of the main catalyst 32 is also accelerated compared to the case where the size is small.

  A silencer 34 is connected to the downstream end of the exhaust pipe 31. The silencer 34 includes an expansion chamber, and reduces the volume of the exhaust sound.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, at least a part of the main catalyst 32 is disposed below the engine 20, so that early activation can be promoted rather than the main catalyst 32 being disposed in the silencer 34. In addition, as compared with the case where the main catalyst 32 is disposed on the left or right side of the engine 20, the number of protectors for countermeasures against heat damage of the main catalyst 32 can be reduced. Therefore, the early activity of the main catalyst 32 can be enhanced, and a heat damage countermeasure for the catalyst can be taken with a simple configuration.

  Further, in the present embodiment, an injector 39 is arranged in front of the motorcycle 1 in the front-rear direction with respect to the intake passage 30 that connects the intake passage 21 of the engine 20 and the air cleaner 29 that sucks in air. With such an arrangement of the injector 39, even if the heat rising from the engine 20 and the main catalyst 32 is trapped in the vehicle body cover 16, the trapped heat is separated from the injector 39 and the heat hardly affects the injector 39. can do. Therefore, the heat damage countermeasure configuration for the injector 39 can be simplified.

  Therefore, the early activity of the main catalyst 32 can be enhanced, and the heat damage countermeasure of the main catalyst 32 can be taken with a simple configuration.

<Modification>
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view around the cylinder head portion showing a modification of the motorcycle according to the embodiment. This modification is a configuration example in which the engine 20 is arranged so that the cylinder axis L1 rises slightly (that is, the acute angle θ shown in FIG. 2 decreases).

  In this case, the arrangement relationship between the injector 39 and the main catalyst 32 may change. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the injectors 39 are all located in front of the main catalyst 32 in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle. However, in the modification of FIG. The rear end is located behind the front end of the main catalyst 32.

  Even in such an arrangement, the hot air of the main catalyst 32 does not flow in the vicinity of the injector 39 by passing through the front or left and right of the cylinder head portion 26 and the cylinder cover 28 and above the air cleaner 29. Therefore, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 6, it is possible to make it difficult for heat to affect the injector 39.

  The same applies when the main catalyst 32 is completely in front of the injector 39.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

  In the above embodiment, the main catalyst has a porous structure, the length in the passage direction is longer than the maximum width in the direction perpendicular to the passage direction, and the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the passage direction is in front of the main catalyst or It has been explained that it is larger than the sectional area perpendicular to the passage direction of the later exhaust passage. However, the main catalyst does not necessarily have such a structure, and may be a catalyst having the maximum exhaust gas purification capability in the exhaust passage. Further, the main catalyst may have a configuration in which a plurality of pieces of catalyst are arranged close to each other. Here, the proximity means an interval shorter than the exhaust gas passage length of each piece of the catalyst. The composition of the support or catalyst material of the multiple pieces of catalyst may be the same or multiple.

  In the present invention, one catalyst may be provided in the exhaust passage, or a plurality of catalysts may be provided. When one catalyst is provided, this catalyst becomes the main catalyst. Further, when a plurality of catalysts are provided, the catalyst having the largest purification ability among the plurality of catalysts becomes the main catalyst. In the present specification, a configuration including a catalyst substance and a support is called a catalyst.

  In the above embodiment, the motorcycle is exemplified as the saddle riding type vehicle provided with the engine unit. However, if the saddle riding type vehicle moves with the power of the engine unit, for example, a three or four wheel saddle riding type vehicle is used. Any straddle-type vehicle such as a vehicle may be used.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although arrangement | positioning of an injector was concretely demonstrated using drawing, the arrangement | positioning of an injector is not limited to the arrangement | positioning shown by drawing. The injector may be disposed forward of the saddle type vehicle with respect to the intake passage.

  Further, in the above embodiment, a so-called underbone type motorcycle has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the engine is swingably connected to the vehicle body frame by a link mechanism. A so-called scooter type motorcycle may be used.

  The present invention can be embodied in many different forms. This disclosure should be regarded as providing embodiments of the principles of the invention. Many illustrated embodiments are described herein with the understanding that these embodiments are not intended to limit the invention to the preferred embodiments described and / or illustrated herein. .

  Several illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described herein. The present invention is not limited to the various preferred embodiments described herein. The present invention includes all embodiments including equivalent elements, modifications, deletions, combinations (eg, combinations of features across various embodiments), improvements, and / or changes that may be recognized by those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. Include. Claim limitations should be construed broadly based on the terms used in the claims and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein or in the process of this application. Such an embodiment should be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in this disclosure, the terms “preferably” and “good” are non-exclusive, and “preferably but not limited to” or “good but not limited thereto” "Means.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a straddle-type vehicle that moves with the power of an engine unit having a single-cylinder four-stroke engine and an exhaust system configuration.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motorcycle 2 Body frame 3 Head pipe 4 Main frame 5 Seat rail 6 Front fork 7 Handle 8 Front wheel 8a Axle 9 Seat 10 Fender 11 Front cover 12 Recess 13 Rear cushion unit 14 Rear arm 14a Pivot shaft 15 Rear wheel 16 Body cover 17 Bracket DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 Crankcase part 20 Engine 21, 30 Intake passage 24 Cylinder part 26 Cylinder head part 28 Head cover 29 Air cleaner 31 Exhaust pipe 32 Main catalyst 34 Silencer 35 Fuel tank 36 Throttle body 39 Injector OP1 Opening part

Claims (3)

A straddle-type vehicle,
A single-cylinder four-stroke engine including a horizontal cylinder portion, a cylinder head portion, and a crankcase portion provided so that the cylinder axis faces the horizontal direction;
Covering at least a part of the upper surface of the single-cylinder four-stroke engine, and at least a part of the middle part of the longitudinal section viewed from the front is formed higher than the left end and the right end, and has an opening that opens toward the front Body cover,
An intake passage that is provided at least partially between the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and the vehicle body cover and behind the opening and connected to the single-cylinder four-stroke engine;
A main catalyst that is at least partially provided below the single-cylinder four-stroke engine and has the highest ability to purify exhaust gas in the exhaust passage, which is a passage for exhaust gas discharged from the single-cylinder four-stroke engine;
An injector that is at least partially disposed above the single-cylinder four-stroke engine, forward of the intake passage, and rearward of the opening, and injects fuel into the intake passage;
A straddle-type vehicle. A head pipe, and a vehicle body frame having a main frame extending obliquely downward rearward from the head pipe,
The single-cylinder four-stroke engine is disposed below the main frame and is supported by the main frame so as not to swing.
The straddle-type vehicle according to claim 1. The cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas of the main catalyst is larger than the cross-sectional area orthogonal to the flow direction of the exhaust gas before and after the main catalyst,
The straddle-type vehicle according to claim 1.

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