JP2017128943A - Open shield method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an open shield method which is easy and quick in performing road surface lining because a member width is narrow compared with a lining plate, low in a construction expense, can shorten a construction period, and can surely prevent the fracture of a sideway rock mass, in the open shield method of a propulsion type which repeats a process for excavating and discharging sediment in front of a front face or an upper face opening of an open shield machine, a process for advancing the shield machine with a concrete box body as a reaction force by elongating a propulsion jack, and a propulsion process for extruding the concrete box body by a base pushing jack which is installed at a start pile, and arranging and extruding a new concrete box body between the base pushing jack and the extruded concrete box body.SOLUTION: In a road part traverse point, steel pipes are arranged in upper and lower rows for the purpose of sideway land retention at left and right sides of a concrete box body passing position, and beam materials and the steel pipes are sequentially and laterally aligned and installed on the ground at an upper part than the concrete box body passing position to form a road surface lining, thus making an open shield machine and the concrete box body progress below the road surface lining.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an open shield method for constructing an underground structure such as an attached underground passage such as a water and sewage system, a common ditch, a telegraph, and a telephone in an urban area or the like by an open shield method.

  The propulsion type open shield method is a normal open shield method, where excavation and soil removal are performed by excavators such as excavators installed on the ground, and the set of concrete box on the tail of the open shield machine is also on the ground. Open crawlers such as crawler cranes that are installed, but if they cross directly under structures such as roads, bridge girders, and large pipes, the excavator and hoist cannot be placed where they are, and open shield This eliminates the impossibility of construction.

  By the way, burying of concrete boxes by such an open shield method is often performed under roads in urban areas, and is closed during construction, but can be opened by opening the road for a certain time of day. Is required.

  For this reason, until the open shield machine reaches from the start pit to the arrival mine, the excavation is appropriately stopped after the completion of daily construction, and a lining plate is laid on the upper opening of the open shield machine, that is, on the open part of the road. Thus, it is necessary to temporarily close the opening so that the automobile can run on the lining board and that a person can walk.

  For laying the lining plate, conventionally, for example, a girder is installed on the side of the opening, and the lining plates lifted by a crane or the like are placed on the lining plate one by one.

  In addition, the removal of the lining plate is performed in the opposite manner to the case of laying. In this case, when the construction site is orthogonal so as to cross the road, the laying board is laid so as to extrude from one side of the road toward the other side.

  The above-described method of installing the lining board not only requires time and labor, but also increases the restricted traffic time and has a great influence on traffic.

Therefore, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, the road surface is covered by laying a lining plate prior to the construction by the open shield method, and the lining plate is sequentially extruded in one direction from the starting pit. There are ways to reduce traffic obstacles.
JP 2005-307544 A

Moreover, the following patent document 2 is a thing which extrudes a lining board in one direction from the starting pit of a construction place in the installation method of a lining board like the said patent document 1, and makes it a both-sides traffic at night. Even if it can be done, it will be one-sided traffic during the daytime when there is a lot of traffic, and the construction period will be prolonged accordingly, and the vehicle regulation period will be prolonged and the impact on traffic will be great. It was proposed as an installation method.
JP 2010-242373 A

  This patent document 2 discloses a process of excavating and discharging soil in front of the front or top opening of an open shield machine, a process of extending a propulsion jack and advancing the shield machine using a concrete box as a reaction force, In the open shield method, in which the concrete box is buried in series in sequence by repeating the process of setting a new concrete box behind the propulsion jack shrunk in the tail section of the machine, the road where the construction site is perpendicular to the road Below, the lining board propulsion jacks are installed on both sides of the road, the lining board is pushed and laid from one side of the road to the approximate center of the road, and then the road The gist is to push and lay the lining board to the approximate center.

  According to the invention of Patent Document 2, since the lining board is laid on the other half of the road after the laying board is laid from the opposite direction, the half of the road is always opened. Therefore, the vehicle can run on one half of this side, and traffic can be reduced without any traffic restrictions.

  In both Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a lining plate is laid. By the way, the lining board is widely used as a temporary gantry and pier floor board as well as various road excavation works such as subway construction, underground city construction and underground piping work.

  In this way, in the road surface lining by the lining plate, the lining plate itself is a large one having a large width and length, and the covering lining is installed on the side of the opening and lifted by a crane or the like. Even if the boards are placed one by one as if they are placed one by one, it is a big task that takes time and effort. In addition, it takes time and effort to eliminate backlash of the lining plate even after installation.

  Also, the removal of the lining plate is the same because it is performed in the opposite operation to the case of laying.

  Even in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, since a lining plate is used for road surface lining, although devised in the way of laying, to use a large member having a large width or length The problem remains the same.

  The object of the present invention is to provide an open shield construction method that eliminates the inconveniences of the above-mentioned conventional example and that is simple and quick, has low construction costs, and shortens the construction period, because the member width is shorter than the lining plate. There is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention as claimed in claim 1 includes a step of excavating and discharging earth and sand ahead of the front or upper surface opening of an open shield machine, and extending a propulsion jack to shield the concrete box as a reaction force. A step of advancing the machine and a propulsion step of extruding the concrete box with a main jack installed in the starting pit, placing a new concrete box between the main jack and the extruded concrete box. In the repetitive propulsion type open shield method, steel pipes are arranged in the upper and lower rows at the left and right sides of the position where the concrete box passes, and the girders are arranged in the upper and lower rows at the side of the concrete box. A road surface lining is formed above the installed steel pipe row and above the concrete box passing position, side by side from the ground to form a road surface covering. It is an Abstract that is boring concrete box making bodies.

  According to the present invention of claim 1, since the road surface lining is formed by installing side by side with a girder, the member width is shorter than the road surface lining with a conventional lining plate, and there is no backlash due to vehicle traffic, The required length can be secured, and it is lightweight and easy to handle.

  In addition, when the concrete box is constructed with a cover, it is easy to install and remove by installing the girders above the concrete box.

  The vehicle load received by the girder material is transmitted to the ground via the girder material and the foundation concrete, and the girder material is separated from the propulsion concrete box, so it is not affected by the frictional force when propelling the concrete box, Therefore, there is no road surface deformation and maintenance of the road surface during construction is not necessary.

  Moreover, a side natural ground can be collapsed by arrange | positioning a steel pipe in an up-and-down row on the both sides of the concrete box passage position. As methods for preventing the collapse of the side ground, there are earth retaining with steel sheet piles, ground improvement, etc., but since these methods are construction from the ground, they impede vehicle traffic during construction.

  However, in the present invention, the steel pipes arranged in the upper and lower rows on the left and right sides of the position where the concrete box passes are made to dig horizontally from the starting vertical shaft by the excavator equipped with the auger, so that the passage of the vehicle is hindered during the construction of the steel pipe. There is no. Moreover, since a steel pipe having higher rigidity than that of a steel sheet pile or the like is disposed, the collapse of the natural ground can be surely prevented by steel sheet piles or ground improvement. Furthermore, since there are steel pipes in the left and right upper and lower rows, the shielding machine used for laying the concrete box may have a simple blade structure, and the cost of the shielding machine can be reduced.

  As described above, the open shield method according to the present invention includes a step of excavating and removing the soil in front of the front or upper surface opening of the open shield machine, and extending the propulsion jack to react the concrete box as a reaction force. Propulsion that repeats the process of advancing and pushing out the concrete box with a main jack installed in the starting pit, placing a new concrete box between the main jack and the extruded concrete box In the type of open shield method, the width of the member is shorter than that of the lining plate, so it is easy and quick, the construction cost is low, the construction period can be shortened, and the side ground can be reliably prevented from collapsing. Is.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of the open shield method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view, 8 is a start shaft, 13 is a reach shaft, and the start shaft 8 is a box as a start base. The installation and assembly of shield machines, the installation of assembling, and the reach shaft 13 is provided for the dismantling and removal of the shield machine as the construction end point. As the earth retaining method for the construction of these shafts, steel sheet pile method, parent pile There are a horizontal sheet pile method and a liner plate method.

  Prior to the installation of the open shield machine in the start shaft 8, at the road crossing point α, the steel pipes (pipe roofs) 37 for the roof cylinders are vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the passage position of the concrete box (four stages in the figure). To form a steel pipe row for lateral earth retaining.

  Although the installation of the steel pipe (pipe roof) 37 is not shown, a propulsion device having an auger is installed in the start shaft 8 and is thus excavated.

  In the start shaft 8, a bearing wall 22 for supporting the reaction force of the main push jack 23 is constructed at the innermost part of the start vertical shaft 8, and a base is formed by assembling a steel material on the front surface thereof. Install.

  Also, at the bottom of the start shaft 8, a foundation is formed by the crushed stone 39 and the foundation concrete 40 thereabove, H steel is arranged in a rail shape thereon, and an iron plate is installed on the entire surface to install and start the shield machine. A cradle 25 is formed.

  The open shield machine 1 to be used is a shield machine having a front face, a rear face, and an upper face that are formed of left and right side wall plates 1a and a bottom plate 1b connected to the side wall plates 1a.

  In the open shield machine 1, the width of the concrete box 4 to be installed and the inner diameter of the shield machine are substantially the same, the tip of the side wall plate 1a and the bottom plate 1b is formed as a cutting edge, and the center or rear of the side wall plate 1a. Near the end, the shield jacks 3 are arranged side by side facing up and down.

  The open shield machine 1 is installed in the start shaft 8 and propelled, and the concrete box 4 is installed between the open shield machine 1 and the main push jack 23, and is pushed by the main push jack 23.

  A press bar (push angle) 15 is interposed in front of the topmost concrete box 4.

  When the extension width of the main push jack 23 is insufficient, the strut 24 is disposed.

  In the example shown in the figure, the open shield machine 1 is propelled by manually excavating a natural ground in the face. Or although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, excavator, such as a shovel, excavates earth and sand from the front surface or upper surface of the open shield machine 1, and excavates it, and the open shield machine 1 is propelled.

  The open shield machine 1 is propelled by a shield jack 3 installed inside the shield machine against the installed concrete box 4 as a reaction force.

  After the propulsion of the open shield machine 1, the process proceeds to the box propulsion in which all the installed concrete boxes 4 are propelled by using the main push jack 23 with the bearing wall 22 as a reaction force.

  In this manner, a step of excavating and discharging soil in front of the front or top opening of the open shield machine 1, a step of extending the shield jack 3 and causing the concrete box 4 to react to advance the shield machine The concrete box 4 is pushed out by the main pushing jack 23 installed in the start shaft 8, and the new concrete box 4 is disposed between the main pushing jack 23 and the pushed concrete box 4, and the pushing is repeated. Is repeated until the open shield machine 1 reaches the reaching shaft 13.

  Although the road surface crossing point α is constructed by the open shield method, road surface lining is performed. For this, without using a lining plate, H steel is used as a girder 31 on the road surface from the ground and the flange 31a. Road surface lining was formed side by side with the side up.

  A foundation concrete 32 is placed on both sides of the road crossing point α, and a girder receiving material 33 made of H-shaped steel is installed thereon, and the end of the girder 31 is supported by the girder receiving material 33. Further, the girder 31 is positioned above the steel pipe row formed by arranging the steel pipes (pipe roofs) 37 in the upper and lower rows, and is sequentially installed side by side, below which the open shield machine 1 and the concrete box 4 are placed. Allow to pass.

  As described above, the H steel which is the spar 31 is continuously laid and arranged side by side with the flange 31a face up, but the spar 31 is installed above the upper floor board of the concrete box 4. . This is a case where the concrete box 4 is constructed with a cover, and installation and removal are facilitated by installing the girders 31 above the upper floor plate of the concrete box 4.

  In addition, the H steel as the girder 31 is attached so that the key plate 34 protrudes outward from the end of the flange 31a from the back surface of the flange 31a positioned above and below the web 31b. It is assumed that the girders 31 can be fixed to each other via the key plate 34 by being brought into contact with the back side of the flange 31a of the 31.

  The steel H which is the girder 31 has a partition plate-like stiffener 31c, and when it is placed side by side, the flanges 31a overlap each other vertically so that they do not enter and the flanges 31a are arranged flat. A state is obtained.

  In this way, the girder members 31 are sequentially arranged at the road crossing point α, and the edge members 35 formed by stacking the grooved steels are installed in the end direction, and the asphalt pavement is provided on the upper surface of the girder 31 as a temporary pavement. Apply pavement rubbing 36.

  In this way, the upper load is received by the road surface lining by the girder 31 and the open shield machine 1 is dug under it. Road A is a sidewalk and road B is a roadway, and traffic is possible.

  Although the concrete box 4 is propelled after the open shield machine 1, the concrete box 4 has a covering, and the concrete box 4 can pass under it without removing the girder 31. As the backfilling of the upper part of the box 4 progresses, the girders 31 are removed one by one or several.

  In accordance with the promotion of the concrete box 4, all the girders 31 at the road crossing point α are removed, and the open shield machine 1 is put into the reaching shaft 13 and collected.

  In addition, after the construction of the underground structure by the concrete box 4, the steel pipe (pipe roof) 37 can be pushed out to the arrival shaft 13 side or the start shaft 8 and recovered.

It is a vertical side view which shows one Embodiment of the open shield construction method of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows one Embodiment of the open shield construction method of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Open shield machine 1a ... Side wall plate 1b ... Bottom plate 3 ... Shield jack 4 ... Concrete box 4a ... Top box 6 ... Excavator 8 ... Starting shaft 13 ... Reaching shaft 15 ... Press bar 22 ... Bearing wall 23 ... Original Push jack 24 ... Strut 25 ... Receiving base 31 ... Girder 31a ... Flange 31b ... Web 31c ... Stiffener 32 ... Base concrete 33 ... Girder receiving material 34 ... Key plate 35 ... Edge material 36 ... Pavement rubbing 37 ... Steel pipe (pipe roof) )
39 ... Crushed stone 40 ... Foundation concrete

Claims (1)

  Excavation and excavation of the soil in front of the front or top opening of the open shield machine, the process of extending the propeller jack and using the concrete box as a reaction force to advance the shield machine, and installing the concrete box in the start pit In the propulsion type open shield construction method that repeats the propulsion process of extruding with the original push jack, and arranging and pushing out a new concrete box between the original push jack and the extruded concrete box, Steel pipes are arranged in the upper and lower rows for lateral earth retaining on the left and right sides of the concrete box passage position, and the girders are above the steel pipe row in which the steel pipes are arranged in the upper and lower rows, and the concrete box passage position. It is characterized in that it is installed side by side sequentially from above the ground to form a road surface lining, and below that, an open shield machine and a concrete box are dug up Over Pung shield method.

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