JP2017095998A - Block masonry earth retaining foundation and construction method of block masonry earth retaining foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a block masonry earth retaining foundation and a construction method of the block masonry earth retaining foundation, hardly interfering with supply-drain pipes, reducing an excavation range, shortening a construction time, and capable of reducing construction cost.SOLUTION: A block masonry earth retaining foundation 11 is provided with a concrete foundation 15 buried in a site along a boundary line, being a longitudinally long rectangular shape in a cross-sectional shape of becoming an orthogonal surface to the boundary line and projecting a part of a buried-in reinforcement 23 to the upper side in the vertical direction, a steel material pile 13 driven in the ground by being formed in the length longer than a height of a foundation 15 along an inside surface 25 on the inside of the site of the foundation 15 and having on the upper end a substantially L-shaped hook plate 27 for abutting on an outside surface 29 on the outside of the site on the cross-sectional tip by crossing in the orthogonal direction to the boundary line on an upper surface of the foundation 15 and a block 17 fixed via a filler to a part of the reinforcement 23 inserted into a hole part and supporting a side part of a site inner ground surface 35 higher than a ground surface of the adjacent land by stacking at least one on the foundation 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a block-carrying foundation and a construction method for a block-carrying foundation that are constructed at a boundary having a height difference.

When the block pile retaining foundation is subjected to a side earth pressure when it is constructed at a boundary having a height difference, for example, an L-shaped foundation having a base portion prevents the fall (see Patent Document 1).
For example, as shown in FIG. 16A, the conventional block pile retaining foundation is a portion where the foundation 505 is formed flat when the outside ground 503 is constructed at a lower boundary than the inside ground 501, that is, It has a base portion and is formed in an L shape with the mounted block 507, or the base portion on which the block 507 is mounted itself is an L-shaped base 509 as shown in FIG. It is common to do.

JP-A-10-219712

  However, since the above-mentioned conventional block pile retaining foundation has a shape in which the base base portion 511 protrudes inside the site, for example, a protruding shape of 300 to 700 mm, depending on the position of the water supply / drain pipe 513 or the like embedded in the site. Construction becomes impossible. Therefore, at present, water supply / drainage is performed by giving up piping work such as the water supply / drainage pipe 513 in the shortest path, setting a pipe path that does not interfere with the base base part 511, or installing the base base part 511 deeper than the pipe path. Interference with the tube 513 or the like was avoided. As a result, due to the block pile foundation, the excavation range was deepened and enlarged, the construction time was prolonged, and the construction cost increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to prevent block interference with the water supply and drainage pipes, reduce the excavation range, shorten the construction time, and reduce the construction cost. The purpose is to provide a method for constructing a pile-holding foundation.

Next, means for solving the above problems will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.
The block pile foundation 11 according to claim 1 of the present invention is embedded in the site along the boundary line, and the cross-sectional shape that becomes a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is a vertically long rectangular shape, and the embedded reinforcing bar 23 A concrete base 15 partially protruding upward in the vertical direction;
A length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is formed along the inner side surface 25 inside the site of the foundation 15 and driven into the ground, and the upper surface of the foundation 15 is perpendicular to the boundary line at the upper end. A steel pile 13 having a substantially L-shaped hook plate 27 that crosses and abuts the outer surface 29 outside the site at the crossing tip;
A block 17 which is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation 15 and supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
It is characterized by comprising.

  In this block pile foundation 11, first, a foundation 15 is constructed on the root bottom 19. The foundation 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line. The pile 13 is driven into the foundation 15 along the inner side surface 25 inside the site. The pile 13 traverses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line, and has a substantially L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end at the transverse tip, which abuts the outer surface 29 outside the site of the foundation 15. The foundation 15 is hooked on the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site by the hook plate 27 of the pile 13 that has been driven in, and the fall to the outside of the site is regulated. That is, the block pile retaining base 11 can supplement the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 13. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 15, it can be made difficult to fall down.

The block earth retaining foundation 41 according to claim 2 of the present invention has a cross-sectional shape that is buried in the site along the boundary line and is perpendicular to the boundary line, with the bottom plate part 49 sandwiched between the pair of side plate parts 51. Rail material 43 made of a substantially U-shaped steel material whose side opens,
A steel pile 45 having a fixing plate 55 that penetrates the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail material 43 and is driven into the ground from the root cutting bottom 19 and contacts the bottom plate portion 49 at the upper end;
A rebar 23 located on the bottom plate portion 49 and partially protruding upward;
A concrete base 47 that embeds the rail 43 and the other part of the reinforcing bar 23 and projects a part of the reinforcing bar 23 upward in the vertical direction;
A block 17 that is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation 47 and supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
It is characterized by comprising.

  In this block pile retaining base 41, first, the rail material 43 is installed on the root cutting bottom 19. The rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 to a fixing plate 55 provided at the upper end of the pile 45 that has been driven into the ground through the bottom plate portion 49. The rail material 43 is embedded in the cast concrete together with the reinforcing bars 23 by the enclosed formwork, and is integrated with the constructed foundation 47. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 that supports the block 17 rises from the upper surface of the foundation 47. The foundation 47 is regulated from falling to the outside of the site by a pile 45 driven into the bottom plate portion 49. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can supplement the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 45. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 47, it can be made hard to fall down.

The block pile foundation 41 according to claim 3 of the present invention is the block pile foundation 41 according to claim 2,
In the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail material 43, a plurality of reinforcing bridge members 57 that connect and fix the side plate portions across the pair of side plate portions 51 are spaced in the extending direction of the rail material 43. It is characterized by being provided.

  In the block pile retaining base 41, the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail member 43 are connected and fixed by the reinforcing bridge member 57, and the opening is restricted, that is, the distance between the pair of side plate portions 51 is not widened. This reinforcing bridge material 57 is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation 47. That is, the foundation 47 is constructed by integrating the rail material 43, the reinforcing bar 23, the reinforcing bridge material 57 and the concrete 21. When a force in a direction in which the foundation 47 falls to the outside of the site is applied to the block pile retaining base 41, a force that bends the pair of side plate parts 51, particularly the side plate part 51 outside the site, to the outside works. At this time, since the pair of side plate portions 51 are connected by the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, the bending of the side plate portions 51 can be restricted, the distance between the side plate portions can be maintained integrally, and the foundation 47 does not fall down.

In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to claim 4 of the present invention, a formwork and a reinforcing bar 23 are arranged on the root bottom 19 along the boundary line, and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction. A foundation construction step of making a concrete base 15 having a vertically long rectangular cross-sectional shape that is a surface perpendicular to the boundary line;
A steel pile 13 having a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is driven into the ground along the inner side surface 25 of the foundation 15 inside the site, and an L-shaped hook plate 27 that the pile 13 has at the upper end. A base collapse prevention step of crossing the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line and abutting the transverse tip on the outer side surface 29 outside the site,
A block stacking step in which a block 17 is stacked on the foundation 15 through a part of the reinforcing bar 23 in a hole, and the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 are fixed by a filler;
It is characterized by including.

  In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11, first, root cutting for embedding the foundation 15 is performed. At this time, the foundation 15 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line. Therefore, the foundation 15 interferes with the water supply / drain pipe 39 and the like as compared with the case of constructing the base portion of the conventional L-type foundation. It becomes difficult. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 can perform the construction even in a shallow portion. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Furthermore, the construction method of the block earthing foundation 11 constructs the foundation 15, drives the pile 13, hooks the hook plate 27 on the upper surface of the foundation 15, and prevents the foundation 15 from falling down. For this reason, the supporting strength can be easily increased by increasing the number and length of the piles 13.

In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to claim 5 of the present invention, a cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is formed by connecting the bottom plate part 49 to the pair of side plate parts 51 on the rooted bottom 19 along the boundary line. A rail material laying step of laying a rail material 43 made of a substantially U-shaped steel material sandwiched between and opened on the upper side,
A steel pile 45 is driven into the ground through the root cut bottom 19 through the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail material 43, and a fixed plate 55 which the pile 45 has at the upper end is brought into contact with the bottom plate portion 49, A pile driving step for fixing the bottom plate portion 49 to the root cutting bottom 19;
A foundation construction step of placing a reinforcing bar 23 in a form surrounding the rail material 43 and projecting a part of the reinforcing bar 23 upward in the vertical direction to make a concrete foundation 47;
A block stacking step of stacking the block 17 on the foundation 47 through a part of the reinforcing bar 23 in a hole, and fixing the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with a filler;
It is characterized by including.

  In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41, first, a root cutting for embedding the foundation 47 is performed. At this time, the foundation 47 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is perpendicular to the boundary line, and therefore interferes with the water supply / drainage pipe 39 and the like as compared with the case of constructing a base portion of a conventional L-shaped foundation. It becomes difficult. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can perform the construction even in a shallow portion. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Moreover, as for the construction method of the block earth retaining foundation 41, the fixed plate 55 of the pile 45 is embedded in the placement concrete. Therefore, the pile 45 enters the gap between the fixed plate 55 and the bottom plate portion 49 even if there is a construction error such as a slight placement failure, so that the construction accuracy can be relaxed.

  According to the block pile foundation according to claim 1 of the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, and the pile is driven into the ground along the inner side surface of the foundation site. It is difficult to interfere with the water supply and drainage pipes, etc., the excavation range is reduced, construction is possible even when the boundary between the adjacent land and the building is narrow, construction time can be shortened, and construction cost can be reduced. Moreover, this pile is latched with the foundation by the hook board, and from this, the fall of the block to the site outside can be prevented.

  According to the block pile foundation according to claim 2 of the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, a rail material integrated with the foundation is provided, and the pile penetrates the rail material into the ground. By adopting a driven-in configuration, the foundation and piles are almost straight and integrated in the ground, making it difficult to interfere with the water supply and drainage pipes, reducing the excavation range, shortening the construction time, and the construction cost. Can be reduced. In addition, since the pile and the foundation are substantially integrated, it is possible to prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site while being a vertically long rectangular foundation.

  According to the block pile foundation according to claim 3 of the present invention, the pair of side plate portions of the rail material are connected and fixed by the reinforcing bridge material, and the opening is restricted, that is, the distance between the pair of side plate portions is not widened. Peeling and the like are prevented, and the concrete is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation, whereby the foundation can be constructed by integrating the rail material, the reinforcing bar, the reinforcing bridge material, and the concrete. And, when a force in the direction in which the foundation falls to the outside of the site is applied, the block pile retaining foundation has a force that bends the pair of side plates, particularly the side plate outside the site, to the outside. By connecting the portions, the bending of the side plate portions can be restricted, the distance between the side plate portions can be maintained integrally, and the foundation does not fall down.

  According to the construction method of the block-laying foundation according to claim 4 of the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, and the pile is driven into the ground inside the site along the inner side surface of the foundation Therefore, it is difficult to interfere with the water supply / drainage pipe buried in the site, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced. Moreover, only by driving in the pile, the hook plate is hooked to the foundation, and the pile driven into the ground with respect to the foundation is in an extended state, which can prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site.

  According to the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation according to claim 5 of the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, a rail material integrated with the foundation is provided, and the pile penetrates the rail material. By being driven into the ground, the foundation and the pile can obtain a substantially straight and integrated structure in the ground, which makes it difficult to interfere with the water supply and drainage pipes, etc. It can be shortened and construction cost can be reduced. In addition, since the pile and the foundation are substantially integrated, it is possible to prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site while being a vertically long rectangular foundation.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the site | part boundary part in which the block pile retaining foundation which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention was constructed. It is the sectional side view of the site | part boundary part which looked at the block-carrying foundation shown in FIG. 1 from the right side. It is a perspective view of the pile shown in FIG. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with one block, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with two blocks, and (c) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with three blocks. It is. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the block pile retaining foundation which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional side view of the site | part boundary part which looked at the block-carrying foundation shown in FIG. 5 from the right side. It is a perspective view of the block pile retaining foundation shown in FIG. (A) is an exploded perspective view of a rail material and a pile, (b) is a perspective view of the rail material which the pile penetrated. (A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the site | part boundary part of the test example by the block pile retaining foundation which has the structure of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) The site of the comparative test example of the block pile retaining foundation of a prior art It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a boundary part. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the block pile foundation of the bearing capacity test example which has the structure of the same invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the block earthing foundation of the fall test example which has the structure of the same invention. It is a graph which shows the vertical displacement of the Example by the structure of this invention, a comparative example, and a prior art example. It is a graph which shows the horizontal displacement of the Example by the structure of this invention, a comparative example, and a prior art example. It is the pattern table | surface which showed the example of a combination of the adjacent ground level difference and the finishing height from a block top. It is the pattern table | surface which showed the example of a combination of the height of the ground in a site | ground and the ground outside a site from the foundation upper end surface. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional block-carrying foundation having a flat base portion, and (b) is a vertical cross-section of a conventional block-carrying foundation in which the base portion itself is an L-shaped foundation. FIG.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a boundary portion of a site where a block-carrying foundation 11 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is constructed, and FIG. 2 is a site where the block-carrying foundation 11 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the right side. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pile 13 shown in FIG. 1.
The block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment includes a foundation 15, a pile 13, and a block 17 as main components.

The foundation 15 is constructed by creating a formwork on the root cut bottom 19 and placing concrete 21 there. The foundation 15 is buried in the site along the boundary line. The foundation 15 is constructed in a so-called I-type cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line. In addition, in this specification, a boundary line means the straight line which connects two or more points which comprise the boundary of land. A reinforcing bar 23 is embedded in the foundation 15 in a direction along the boundary line, and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes from the foundation 15 upward in the vertical direction. For example, it is arranged in the center of the width of the foundation 15 and is arranged to protrude above the foundation 15 at intervals of about 800 mm in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 15.
As the reinforcing bars 23, building structural materials, so-called deformed reinforcing bars, are preferably used. As the reinforcing bar 23, one having an outer diameter D10 is used, for example.

  The pile 13 is driven in a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 along the inner side surface 25 on the inner side of the foundation 15. A hook plate 27 shown in FIG. 3 is fixed to the upper end of the pile 13. The hook plate 27 is formed in an L shape, crosses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line, and abuts the outer side surface 29 outside the site at the crossing tip. The pile 13 and the hook plate 27 can be made of steel. The pile 13 and the hook plate 27 are fixed by welding, for example. The pile 13 is made of, for example, equilateral mountain shaped steel. As the equilateral angle steel, SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a length of 700 to 1500 mm, preferably 900 mm, a length of each side of about 50 mm, and a thickness of about 5 mm is suitable. The lower end which is the front-end | tip of the pile 13 is made into the tapered shape notched at about 45 degrees. Further, the hook plate 27 fixed to the upper end of the pile 13 is set to a thickness of a block 17 to be described later, and is made of SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a thickness of about 4.5 mm. The L-shaped bent piece 31 formed at the transverse tip of the hook plate 27 abuts in parallel with the outer side surface 29 outside the site of the block 17 at about 50 mm.

4A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example in which the block 17 has one stage, FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example in which the block 17 has two stages, and FIG. 4C is a construction example in which the block 17 has three stages. FIG.
The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler (such as mortar). In addition, the mortar is provided as a bonding material between the block 17 and the base 15 and between the blocks. At least one block 17 is loaded on the foundation 15. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, they are stacked in one, two, and three stages. The block 17 supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 that is higher than the adjacent ground (the outside ground 33). That is, it supports the side earth pressure in the site. For this block 17, a class C concrete building block (JIS A5406) can be suitably used. In this case, the thickness of the block 17 is 12 cm, the height is 19 cm, the length is 39 cm, three holes penetrate in the height direction in the length direction, and groove-shaped recesses in the height direction at both ends in the length direction Is formed.

  In addition, the concrete block as the block 17 is an example. In the block pile retaining base 11 of the present invention, the material of the block 17 is not limited. For the block 17, other building block materials such as a brick block having design properties may be used instead of the concrete block.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the block earth retaining foundation 11 is located at the same level as the upper surface of the foundation 15 or a position where the lower ground, that is, the ground 33 on the right side of the foundation 15 in the illustrated example is filled (see FIG. 1). It becomes. In addition, the block-carrying foundation 11 is constructed such that the ground on the high side, in the illustrated example, the ground surface 35 on the left side of the foundation 15 is substantially the same as the upper end of the block, or about several tens to 500 mm downward from the upper end. .

Next, the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 will be described.
The construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment includes a foundation construction process, a foundation collapse prevention process, and a block stacking process.

  In the foundation construction process, root cutting is performed along the boundary line. That is, a groove-shaped hole is dug. Next, a mold is assembled on the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom). Reinforcing bars 23 are arranged in the formwork. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 is arranged so as to protrude upward in the vertical direction. Next, concrete 21 is placed on the mold. After curing for a predetermined period, the formwork is released and the construction of the foundation 15 is completed. The constructed base 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line.

  In the foundation collapse prevention process, the pile 13 having a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is driven along the inner side surface 25 on the inside of the site of the cured foundation 15 after curing. The piles 13 are driven at intervals of 1000 to 5000 mm along the boundary line. The driving interval of the piles 13 can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the construction length of the foundation 15, the height difference inside and outside the site, and the ground strength. In addition, the pile 13 can be installed close to the foundation 15 in the ground, or avoiding existing underground objects located in the ground below the foundation 15. The pile 13 crosses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line with the L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end, and the L-shaped bent piece 31 that is the transverse tip contacts the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site. Hang on. Thereby, the vertically long rectangular foundation 15 comes to be sandwiched between the main body portion of the pile 13 and the L-shaped bent piece 31 and supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece 31, and to the outside of the site. Fall is regulated.

  In the block stacking process, a part of the reinforcing bars 23 protruding from the foundation 15 are passed through the holes of the block 17 and the blocks 17 are stacked on the foundation. At this time, a mortar as a bonding material is provided between the block 17 and the foundation 15. While the blocks 17 are stacked on the foundation 15 in the required number of stages, mortar or the like is filled in the joints between the holes and the adjacent blocks. The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with mortar filled in the hole or the like. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 is constructed by integrating the reinforcing bars 23 embedded in the foundation 15 and the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 15 through the reinforcing bars 23.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment, a foundation 15 is constructed on the root cutting bottom 19. The foundation 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line. The pile 13 is driven substantially vertically along the inner surface 25 on the inner side of the site of the foundation 15. The pile 13 traverses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction orthogonal to the boundary line, and has an L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end at the transverse tip, which abuts the outer surface 29 outside the site of the foundation 15. The foundation 15 is hooked on the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site by the hook plate 27 of the pile 13 that has been driven in, and the fall to the outside of the site is regulated. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 can compensate for the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation by the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 13 driven deeper into the ground than the foundation 15. it can. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 15, it can be made difficult to fall down.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment, a root cutting for embedding the foundation 15 is performed. In this case, since the foundation 15 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, the base portion is a water supply / drainage pipe 39 or the like as compared with the case of constructing a base portion of a conventional L-type foundation. It becomes difficult to interfere with. That is, the block pile retaining base 11 can be constructed in a shallow portion and in a narrow range. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Furthermore, the construction method of the block earthing foundation 11 constructs the foundation 15, drives the pile 13, hooks the hook plate 27 on the upper surface of the foundation 15, and prevents the foundation 15 from falling down. For this reason, the supporting strength can be easily increased by increasing the number and length of the piles 13.

Next, the block pile foundation according to the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the block pile holding foundation 41 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the site boundary portion when the block pile holding foundation 41 shown in FIG. 5 is viewed from the right side, 7 is a perspective view of the block pile retaining base 41 shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 8A is an exploded perspective view of the rail member 43 and the pile 45, and FIG. 7B is a perspective view of the rail member 43 through which the pile 45 passes. It is. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member and site | part same as the member and site | part shown in FIGS. 1-4, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
The block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment includes a rail member 43, a pile 45, a reinforcing bar 23, a foundation 47, and a block 17 as main components.

  The rail material 43 is buried in the site along the boundary line. The rail member 43 is formed to have a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, with the bottom plate portion 49 shown in FIG. The rail member 43 is formed with a length in the direction along the boundary line of, for example, 400 mm, a width of 150 mm, and a plate thickness of about 3.2 mm. The standing height of the side plate portion 51 from the bottom plate portion 49 is about 45 mm. A rectangular hole 53 of 60 mm × 60 mm is formed in the center of the bottom plate portion 49. For example, SS400 (JIS G 3101) is preferably used as the material of the rail member 43.

  The pile 45 passes through the hole 53 of the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43 and is driven substantially vertically into the ground from the root cut bottom 19. A fixing plate 55 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 that contacts the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43 is fixed to the upper end of the pile 45. The pile 45 is made of, for example, equilateral mountain-shaped steel. As the equilateral angle steel, SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a length of 700 to 1500 mm, preferably 900 mm, a length of each side of about 40 mm, and a thickness of about 5 mm is suitable. The lower end which is the front-end | tip of the pile 45 is made into the tapering shape notched at about 45 degrees. The fixed plate 55 is formed in a rectangular plate shape of 100 mm × 100 mm, and is fixed to the upper end of the pile 45 by welding. The fixed plate 55 is made of SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a thickness of about 3.2 mm.

  The reinforcing bar 23 is located on the bottom plate part 49, and a part protrudes vertically upward. As this rebar 23, a structural material for buildings, so-called deformed rebar, is preferably used as described above. As the reinforcing bar 23, one having an outer diameter D10 is used, for example.

  The foundation 47 embeds the other part, which is a part other than the protruding part of the rail member 43 and the reinforcing bar 23, in the cast concrete. That is, the foundation 47 has a rail material 43 laid on the root cut bottom 19, a pile 45 is previously passed through the rail material 43, and the rail material 43 and the reinforcing bar 23 are enclosed with a formwork, and the concrete 21 is placed there. Constructed by casting. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction from the foundation 47. In the foundation 47, the rail member 43 is embedded in the bottom portion, and the cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is constructed in a vertically long rectangular shape.

  The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler (such as mortar). In addition, the mortar is provided as a bonding material between the block 17 and the base 47 and between the blocks. At least one block 17 is loaded on the foundation 47. The block 17 supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 that is higher than the adjacent ground (the outside ground 33). That is, it supports the side earth pressure in the site. As the block 17, a type C concrete building block (JIS A5406) can be suitably used. In this case, the thickness of the block 17 is 12 cm, the height is 19 cm, the length is 39 cm, three holes penetrate in the height direction in the length direction, and groove-shaped recesses in the height direction at both ends in the length direction Is formed.

  Further, the block earth retaining base 41 includes a plurality of reinforcing bridge members 57 shown in FIG. 7 that fix the side plate portions 51 to each other across the pair of side plate portions 51 on the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail material 43. Are provided with an interval in the extending direction. As the reinforcing bridge material 57, for example, a combination of a pipe-like member or a rod-like member and a screw, a bolt and a nut can be used. By fixing the pair of side plate portions 51 with the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, it is possible to restrict the pair of side plate portions 51 from opening and widening the interval between the side plate portions 51. Moreover, it will be in a embedment state in placement concrete and integration of the rail material 43 and the foundation 47 will improve.

Next, the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 will be described.
The construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment includes a rail material laying step, a pile driving step, a foundation building step, and a block pile step.

In the rail material laying step, root cutting is performed along the boundary line. That is, a groove-shaped hole is dug. Next, the mold is installed along the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom).
Next, the rail material 43 is laid on the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom) inside the mold. As shown in FIG. 8, the rail member 43 is arranged in such a manner that the bottom plate portion 49 is applied to the root cutting bottom 19, the pair of side plate portions 51 are opened upward, and the both side plate portions 51 are positioned inside the mold frame. That is, the rail member 43 supports the inner width of the formwork.

  In the pile driving process, a steel pile 45 is driven into the root cutting bottom 19 through the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43. The piles 13 are driven at intervals of 1000 to 5000 mm along the boundary line. The driving interval of the pile 13, that is, the laying interval of the rail member 43 can be appropriately adjusted according to the construction length of the foundation 47, the height difference between the inside and outside of the site, and the ground strength. In addition, the pile 13, that is, the rail member 43 can be installed avoiding existing underground objects such as the water supply / drainage pipe 39. The pile 45 is driven in until the fixing plate 55 at the upper end comes into contact with the bottom plate portion 49. Accordingly, the rail member 43 is fixed by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 against the root cutting bottom 19 by the fixing plate 55 of the pile 45.

  In the foundation construction process, the reinforcing bars 23 are arranged inside the mold surrounding the rail member 43 fixed to the root cutting bottom 19. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction from the mold. Next, concrete 21 is placed on the mold. After curing for a predetermined period, the formwork is released and the construction of the foundation 47 is completed. The constructed base 47 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line. The vertically long rectangular foundation 47 is integrated with the rail member 43, and the rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by the pile 45, so that the fall to the outside of the site is restricted.

In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment, the constructed foundation 47 is prevented from falling by the pile 45. That is, before the foundation 47 is constructed, a pile driving process for the laid rail material 43 is provided, and the pile 47 that has already been driven into the ground by the foundation 47 is integrated. Therefore, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 of the second embodiment, the foundation collapse prevention process performed in the first embodiment is not necessary.
In addition, about the process of laying the rail material 43 to the root cutting bottom 19 and assembling the formwork, as described above, it is not a procedure for assembling the formwork and laying the rail material 43 after the root cutting work. It is good also as the procedure of assembling a formwork, after laying the rail material 43 in the root cutting bottom 19 after construction of this, and driving in the pile 13. FIG.

  In the block stacking process, a part of the reinforcing bar 23 protruding from the foundation 47 is passed through the hole of the block 17 and the block 17 is stacked on the foundation. At this time, a mortar as a bonding material is provided between the block 17 and the foundation 47. As the block 17 is stacked on the foundation 47 in the required number of stages, mortar or the like is filled in the joints between the holes and the adjacent blocks. The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with mortar filled in the hole or the like. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 41 is constructed by integrating the reinforcing bars 23 embedded in the foundation 47 and the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 47 through the reinforcing bars 23.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the block soil retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment, a rail material 43 is laid on the root cut bottom 19. The rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 to the fixing plate 55 provided at the upper end of the pile 45 penetrating the bottom plate portion 49. The rail material 43 is embedded in the cast concrete together with the reinforcing bars 23 by the enclosed formwork, and is integrated with the constructed foundation 47. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 that supports the block 17 rises from the upper surface of the foundation 47. The foundation 47 is regulated from falling to the outside of the site by a pile 45 driven into the bottom plate portion 49. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 41 supplements the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 45 driven deeper into the ground below the foundation 47. be able to. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 47, it can be made hard to fall down. As a result, it is difficult to interfere with water supply / drainage piping, and construction costs can be reduced.

  Further, in the block pile retaining base 41, the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail member 43 are fixed by the reinforcing bridge member 57, and the opening is restricted. This reinforcing bridge material 57 is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation 47. That is, the foundation 47 is constructed by integrating the rail material 43, the reinforcing bar 23, the reinforcing bridge material 57 and the concrete 21. When a force in a direction in which the foundation 47 falls to the outside of the site is applied to the block pile retaining base 41, a force that bends the pair of side plate parts 51, particularly the side plate part 51 outside the site, to the outside works. At this time, since the pair of side plate portions 51 are connected by the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, the bending of the side plate portions 51 can be restricted, and the distance between the side plate portions 51 can be integrally maintained. As a result, the rail member 43 and the foundation 47 can be integrated with high strength, and separation between the pair of side plate portions 51 and the foundation 47 can be prevented.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41, the root cutting for embedding the foundation 47 is constructed. At this time, since the foundation 47 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, the base part has a water supply / drainage pipe 39 and the like as compared with the case of constructing a base part of a conventional L-type foundation. It becomes difficult to interfere with. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can perform the construction in a shallow area and in a narrow range. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Moreover, as for the construction method of the block earth retaining foundation 41, the fixed plate 55 of the pile 45 is embedded in the placement concrete. Therefore, the pile 45 enters the gap between the fixed plate 55 and the bottom plate portion 49 even if there is a construction error such as a slight placement failure, so that the construction accuracy can be relaxed. As a result, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the block pile retaining foundation 11 and the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment, it can be configured to hardly interfere with the water supply / drain pipe 39 and the like, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 and the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the example in which the piles 13 and 45 are made of equilateral angle steel has been described. However, if the piles 13 and 45 have a cross-sectional shape that resists the direction of bending with respect to the longitudinal direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same effect as described above can be obtained even with an approximately L-shaped section of an unequal piece or a U-shaped section.

Next, the block earthing foundation 11 having the same configuration as the block earthing foundation of the first embodiment described above will be described, and the results compared with the block earthing foundation of the conventional structure will be described.
FIG. 9A is a longitudinal sectional view of a site boundary portion of a test example using a block laying foundation having the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is a comparative test example of a conventional block laying foundation. FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing the foundation of the block stacking of the bearing capacity test example having the configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is the block stacking of the fall test example having the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a graph showing vertical displacements of the embodiment, comparative example, and conventional example according to the configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a horizontal displacement of the example, comparative example, and conventional example according to the configuration of the present invention. It is a graph which shows. In addition, about each member and site | part shown below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the said 1st Embodiment and the same member and site | part as a prior art.

[Test conditions]
As an example, the block pile retaining foundation of the first embodiment described above is used, and as a comparative example, only the length of the pile is set to be short with the same configuration as the example, and the shape of the foundation projects to the inside of the site as a conventional example. It was set as the structure which consists of a flat-shaped base part.
In addition, as a common condition, the block stacked on the foundation 15 is the concrete block 17 (507) described above, and each dimension including joint width is 120 mm in thickness, 200 mm in height, and 400 mm in length. It was. The blocks 17 and 507 are arranged in three stages in the vertical direction and seven in the longitudinal direction of the foundations 15 and 505, and are fixed with reinforcing bars and mortar. In addition, the ground level in the site is set to a substantially half height position in the uppermost block of the three-stage block stacked on the foundation, and the ground level outside the site is set to a substantially half height position in the lowermost block.

A. Example: Height difference h inside / outside of the block laying foundation foundation according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 400 mm
Size of foundation 15; length L = 2800mm, height H = 250mm, width W = 150mm
Number of piles 13; length of two piles 13; 900 mm
Spacing 13 between piles D: 2000 mm

B. Comparative example: Height difference between inside and outside of the block pile retaining foundation site where only the length of the pile is set short among the conditions of the above embodiment; 400 mm
Size of foundation 15; length 2800mm, height 250mm, width 150mm
Number of piles 13; length of two piles 13; 750 mm
Spacing between piles 13; 2000 mm

C. Conventional example: Height difference between the inside and outside of the block-laying foundation with a base-shaped foundation; 400mm
Base size: length 2800mm, height 150mm, width 400mm
Number of piles; none

[Supportability test]
As shown in FIG. 10, the load was applied to the upper end (top end) of the block 17 loaded on the foundation, and the support force test was performed. The member to which the load is applied is made of H steel having a horizontal plate portion at the top and bottom and a vertical plate portion at the center, and in a horizontal state in the longitudinal direction, pressurization that can apply a load to the block 17 in the vertical direction substantially uniformly. Part 73. The pressurizing unit 73 has a total length of 1600 mm, a horizontal plate portion and a vertical plate portion each having a width of 150 mm, a horizontal portion having a thickness of 10 mm, and a vertical portion having a thickness of 7 mm.
The ground contact pressure (the pressure at which the bottom surface of the foundation in contact with the ground presses the ground) due to all loads of the foundation 15 and each block 17 is less than 20 kN / m ² .
From the result of the test, as shown in FIG. 12, the vertical displacement due to the supporting force is applied to the mounting load exceeding the value set as the ground pressure, that is, the load applied as the load. ) And the comparative example (Δ in the figure) are hardly displaced as compared with the basic structure of the conventional example (◯ in the figure), and can be used in the configuration of the present invention.

[Tumble test]
As shown in FIG. 11, the pressure plate 71 was grounded at the position of the ground 15 in the site that was 500 mm away from the foundation 15 and the core (center) of the block 17 stacked on the foundation 15. The plate-like member that presses down the ground of the pressure plate 71 has a width of 300 mm, a length of 1820 mm, and a thickness of 2.5 mm.
On the ground surface 35 side of the site, the influence stress due to the weight of the building inside the site and the weight of the backfill soil is 30 kN / m ² at the maximum.
From the results of the test, the horizontal displacement of the foundation 15 caused by pressing the ground surface 35 as shown in FIG. 13 is the result of the length of 750 mm of the pile 13 as a comparative example (Δ in the figure). Large, that is, there is a risk of falling, and cannot be used.
However, in the example of the present invention in which the length of the pile 13 is 900 mm (◇ in the figure), the displacement amount is small even compared with the foundation 505 of the conventional example (◯ in the figure), that is, there is no risk of falling. There is no problem in using it as a block pile foundation.

[Discussion]
From the above, the block-laying foundation of the present invention includes a foundation 15 having a vertically long cross section and a pile 13 that is hooked on the foundation 15 and driven along the inner surface 25 on the inside of the site. It is possible to prevent the block of the body from falling down. Moreover, since the pile 13 was comprised with the equal side angle steel, the force which bears the bending direction of the pile itself was utilized, and from this, it becomes possible to prevent the foundation from collapsing.

Here, based on each test example mentioned above, the combination of the foundation 15 and the block 17 which can be built is shown in FIG.
When the finishing height from the top of the block (upper end) is combined based on the value of the adjacent ground level difference, 15 patterns can be considered as illustrated. This combination example can be used with a 900 mm long pile used in the above test.

The adjacent ground level difference is 200mm, which is the single height of the block 17, and the number of steps of the block 17 is determined up to a maximum height difference of 400mm. Basically, it is a combination when the block top height is 100mm. is there.
In this pattern diagram, in the example where the finishing height from the top exceeds 200 mm, the ground 35 in the site does not touch the block 17 and the earth pressure is not directly applied, but the weight of the block 17 itself is also included. In the same manner as the results of the examples of the above test examples, the combination is prevented from falling.
In this combination, if the adjacent ground level difference is 300 to 400 mm and the finishing height of the top of the block is 400 mm, the number of steps of the block 17 is five, so that sufficient strength considering the reinforcing bars can be obtained. This combination was excluded.

Further, FIG. 15 shows a combination of the height of the in-site ground 35 from the upper end surface and the height of the out-of-site ground 33 from the upper end surface with the above combination as a reference from the upper end surface of the foundation 15. From this combination, the adjacent ground level difference can be easily obtained.
The height of the ground 35 in the site from the upper end surface of the foundation was changed from 100 mm to 600 mm depending on the number of steps of the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 15, and this range was shown as a vertical axis for every 100 mm. Further, the height of the ground 33 outside the site from the upper end surface of the foundation is 0 mm, which is the same height as the upper end surface of the foundation 15, and 100 mm when the first block 17 is half buried with the foundation 15. The state where 17 is buried is shown on the horizontal axis as 200 mm.
By combining these heights inside and outside the site, combinations of 12 patterns can be easily obtained with the difference in height of the adjacent land as limited to 400 mm as described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11,41 ... Block earth retaining foundation 13 ... Pile 15 ... Foundation 17 ... Block 19 ... Root cutting bottom 23 ... Reinforcing bar 25 ... Inner surface 27 ... Hook board 29 ... Outer surface 35 ... Ground in the site 43 ... Rail material 45 ... Pile 47 ... Foundation 49 ... Bottom plate portion 51 ... Side plate portion 55 ... Fixed plate 57 ... Reinforcing bridge material

  The present invention relates to a block-carrying foundation and a construction method for a block-carrying foundation that are constructed at a boundary having a height difference.

When the block pile retaining foundation is subjected to a side earth pressure when it is constructed at a boundary having a height difference, for example, an L-shaped foundation having a base portion prevents the fall (see Patent Document 1).
For example, as shown in FIG. 16A, the conventional block pile retaining foundation is a portion where the foundation 505 is formed flat when the outside ground 503 is constructed at a lower boundary than the inside ground 501, that is, It has a base portion and is formed in an L shape with the mounted block 507, or the base portion on which the block 507 is mounted itself is an L-shaped base 509 as shown in FIG. It is common to do.

JP-A-10-219712

  However, since the above-mentioned conventional block pile retaining foundation has a shape in which the base base portion 511 protrudes inside the site, for example, a protruding shape of 300 to 700 mm, depending on the position of the water supply / drain pipe 513 or the like embedded in the site. Construction becomes impossible. Therefore, at present, water supply / drainage is performed by giving up piping work such as the water supply / drainage pipe 513 in the shortest path, setting a pipe path that does not interfere with the base base part 511, or installing the base base part 511 deeper than the pipe path. Interference with the tube 513 or the like was avoided. As a result, due to the block pile foundation, the excavation range was deepened and enlarged, the construction time was prolonged, and the construction cost increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to prevent block interference with the water supply and drainage pipes, reduce the excavation range, shorten the construction time, and reduce the construction cost. The purpose is to provide a method for constructing a pile-holding foundation.

Next, means for solving the above problems will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.
The block-laying foundation 11 according to claim 1 of the present invention is embedded in a reinforcing bar embedded in a site along a boundary line, and a cross-sectional shape in which the upper surface is a surface perpendicular to the boundary line is a vertically long rectangular shape. A concrete foundation 15 in which a part of 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction;
A length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is formed along the inner side surface 25 inside the site of the foundation 15 and driven into the ground, and the upper surface of the foundation 15 is perpendicular to the boundary line at the upper end. a steel-made pile 13 with a substantially credit L-shaped hook plate 27 abutting on grounds outside of the outer surface 29 in the cross-tip across,
A block 17 which is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation 15 and supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
Equipped with,
The hook plate 27 has a downwardly L-shaped bent piece 31 at a transverse tip of the hook plate 27, and the bent piece 31 is in contact with the outer surface of the foundation 15 .

In this block pile foundation 11, first, a foundation 15 is constructed on the root bottom 19. The base 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross-sectional shape in which the upper surface is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line. The pile 13 is driven into the foundation 15 along the inner side surface 25 inside the site. The pile 13 traverses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line, and has a substantially L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end at the transverse tip, which abuts the outer surface 29 outside the site of the foundation 15. The foundation 15 is hooked on the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site by the hook plate 27 of the pile 13 that has been driven in, and the fall to the outside of the site is regulated. That is, the block pile retaining base 11 can supplement the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 13. Thus, the vertically long rectangular base 15 is sandwiched between the main body portion of the pile 13 and the L-shaped bent piece 31 and supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece 31, and to the outside of the site. Fall is regulated. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 15, it can be made difficult to fall down.

Block loading earth retaining basis 41 of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape as the plane perpendicular to the boundary line filled on site along the boundary line to open the upper sides of the bottom plate portion 49 by a pair of side plate portions 51 substantially U Rail-shaped steel 43 made of steel,
A steel pile 45 having a fixing plate 55 that penetrates the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail material 43 and is driven into the ground from the root cutting bottom 19 and contacts the bottom plate portion 49 at the upper end;
A rebar 23 located on the bottom plate portion 49 and partially protruding upward;
A concrete base 47 that embeds the rail 43 and the other part of the reinforcing bar 23 and projects a part of the reinforcing bar 23 upward in the vertical direction;
A block 17 that is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation 47 and supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
It is characterized by comprising.

  In this block pile retaining base 41, first, the rail material 43 is installed on the root cutting bottom 19. The rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 to a fixing plate 55 provided at the upper end of the pile 45 that has been driven into the ground through the bottom plate portion 49. The rail material 43 is embedded in the cast concrete together with the reinforcing bars 23 by the enclosed formwork, and is integrated with the constructed foundation 47. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 that supports the block 17 rises from the upper surface of the foundation 47. The foundation 47 is regulated from falling to the outside of the site by a pile 45 driven into the bottom plate portion 49. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can supplement the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 45. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 47, it can be made hard to fall down.

Block loading earth retaining basis 41 of the present invention is a block loading earth retaining foundation 41 above,
In the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail material 43, a plurality of reinforcing bridge members 57 that connect and fix the side plate portions across the pair of side plate portions 51 are spaced in the extending direction of the rail material 43. It is characterized by being provided.

  In the block pile retaining base 41, the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail member 43 are connected and fixed by the reinforcing bridge member 57, and the opening is restricted, that is, the distance between the pair of side plate portions 51 is not widened. This reinforcing bridge material 57 is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation 47. That is, the foundation 47 is constructed by integrating the rail material 43, the reinforcing bar 23, the reinforcing bridge material 57 and the concrete 21. When a force in a direction in which the foundation 47 falls to the outside of the site is applied to the block pile retaining base 41, a force that bends the pair of side plate parts 51, particularly the side plate part 51 outside the site, to the outside works. At this time, since the pair of side plate portions 51 are connected by the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, the bending of the side plate portions 51 can be restricted, the distance between the side plate portions can be maintained integrally, and the foundation 47 does not fall down.

The construction method of the block-laying foundation 11 according to claim 2 of the present invention is the construction method of the block-laying foundation 11 according to claim 1, wherein the formwork is formed on the root 19 along the boundary line. And a reinforcing bar 23, a part of the reinforcing bar 23 is protruded upward in the vertical direction, and a foundation construction step of making a concrete base 15 having a vertically long rectangular cross-sectional shape that becomes a plane orthogonal to the boundary line;
A steel pile 13 having a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is driven into the ground along the inner side surface 25 of the foundation 15 inside the site, and an L-shaped hook plate 27 that the pile 13 has at the upper end. , The bottom L-shaped bent piece 31 formed at the crossing tip of the hook plate 27 is formed on the outer side surface 29 on the outer side of the foundation. A basic fall-off preventing process of contacting and hooking the bending piece 31 at the transverse tip;
A block stacking step in which a block 17 is stacked on the foundation 15 through a part of the reinforcing bar 23 in a hole, and the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 are fixed by a filler;
It is characterized by including.

In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11, first, root cutting for embedding the foundation 15 is performed. At this time, the foundation 15 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is perpendicular to the boundary line. It becomes difficult. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 can perform the construction even in a shallow portion. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Furthermore, the construction method of the block earthing foundation 11 constructs the foundation 15, drives the pile 13, hooks the hook plate 27 on the upper surface of the foundation 15, and prevents the foundation 15 from falling down. Thus, the vertically long rectangular base 15 is sandwiched between the main body portion of the pile 13 and the L-shaped bent piece 31 and supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece 31, and to the outside of the site. Fall is regulated. For this reason, the supporting strength can be easily increased by increasing the number and length of the piles 13.

Above method of constructing block loading earth retaining basis 41 of the present invention, the root Setsusoko 19 along the boundary line, cross-sectional shape which is a plane perpendicular to the boundary line across the bottom plate portion 49 by a pair of side plate portions 51 A rail material laying step for laying a rail material 43 made of a substantially U-shaped steel material whose side is opened;
A steel pile 45 is driven into the ground through the root cut bottom 19 through the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail material 43, and a fixed plate 55 which the pile 45 has at the upper end is brought into contact with the bottom plate portion 49, A pile driving step for fixing the bottom plate portion 49 to the root cutting bottom 19;
A foundation construction step of placing a reinforcing bar 23 in a form surrounding the rail material 43 and projecting a part of the reinforcing bar 23 upward in the vertical direction to make a concrete foundation 47;
A block stacking step of stacking the block 17 on the foundation 47 through a part of the reinforcing bar 23 in a hole, and fixing the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with a filler;
It is characterized by including.

  In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41, first, a root cutting for embedding the foundation 47 is performed. At this time, the foundation 47 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is perpendicular to the boundary line, and therefore interferes with the water supply / drainage pipe 39 and the like as compared with the case of constructing a base portion of a conventional L-shaped foundation. It becomes difficult. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can perform the construction even in a shallow portion. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Moreover, as for the construction method of the block earth retaining foundation 41, the fixed plate 55 of the pile 45 is embedded in the placement concrete. Therefore, the pile 45 enters the gap between the fixed plate 55 and the bottom plate portion 49 even if there is a construction error such as a slight placement failure, so that the construction accuracy can be relaxed.

According to the block pile foundation according to claim 1 of the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, and the pile is driven into the ground along the inner side surface of the foundation site. It is difficult to interfere with the water supply and drainage pipes, etc., the excavation range is reduced, construction is possible even when the boundary between the adjacent land and the building is narrow, construction time can be shortened, and construction cost can be reduced. Moreover, this pile is latched with the foundation by the hook board, and from this, the fall of the block to the site outside can be prevented. Thus, the vertically long rectangular foundation comes to be sandwiched between the main body part of the pile and the L-shaped bent piece of the hook plate, and is supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece. Fall is regulated.

According to block loading earth retaining basis of the present invention, the shape of the basic and cross longitudinal rectangular shape, the foundation and the rail member to be integrally provided, piles and configured to be driven into the ground through the rail member Therefore, the foundation and the pile have a substantially straight integrated structure in the ground, which makes it difficult to interfere with the water supply / drainage pipe, etc., reduces the excavation range, shortens the construction time, and reduces the construction cost. it can. In addition, since the pile and the foundation are substantially integrated, it is possible to prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site while being a vertically long rectangular foundation.

According to block loading earth retaining basis of the present invention, a pair of side plate portions of the rail member is fixedly connected by a reinforcing cross member, it opens regulations, or spacing distance between the pair of side plate portions is peeled and prevented not spread Then, it is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation, and thus the foundation can be constructed by integrating the rail material, the reinforcing bar, the reinforcing bridge material and the concrete. And, when a force in the direction in which the foundation falls to the outside of the site is applied, the block pile retaining foundation has a force that bends the pair of side plates, particularly the side plate outside the site, to the outside. By connecting the portions, the bending of the side plate portions can be restricted, the distance between the side plate portions can be maintained integrally, and the foundation does not fall down.

According to the construction method of the block-laying foundation according to claim 2 according to the present invention, the shape of the foundation is a vertically long rectangular section, and the pile is driven into the ground inside the site along the inner side surface of the foundation. Therefore, it is difficult to interfere with the water supply / drainage pipe buried in the site, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced. Moreover, only by driving in the pile, the hook plate is hooked to the foundation, and the pile driven into the ground with respect to the foundation is in an extended state, which can prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site. In this way, the vertically long rectangular foundation is sandwiched between the main body part of the pile and the L-shaped bent piece, and is supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece, and the fall to the outside of the site is regulated. Is done.

According to the construction method of block loading earth retaining basis of the present invention, the shape of the basic and cross longitudinal rectangular shape, the foundation and the rail member to be integrally provided, piles are driven into the ground through the rail member Therefore, the foundation and the pile can obtain a substantially straight integrated structure in the ground, which makes it difficult to interfere with the water supply / drainage pipe, etc., reduces the excavation range, shortens the construction time, and reduces the construction cost. Can be reduced. In addition, since the pile and the foundation are substantially integrated, it is possible to prevent the block from falling to the outside of the site while being a vertically long rectangular foundation.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the site | part boundary part in which the block pile retaining foundation which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention was constructed. It is the sectional side view of the site | part boundary part which looked at the block-carrying foundation shown in FIG. 1 from the right side. It is a perspective view of the pile shown in FIG. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with one block, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with two blocks, and (c) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example with three blocks. It is. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the block pile retaining foundation which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional side view of the site | part boundary part which looked at the block-carrying foundation shown in FIG. 5 from the right side. It is a perspective view of the block pile retaining foundation shown in FIG. (A) is an exploded perspective view of a rail material and a pile, (b) is a perspective view of the rail material which the pile penetrated. (A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the site | part boundary part of the test example by the block pile retaining foundation which has the structure of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) The site of the comparative test example of the block pile retaining foundation of a prior art It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a boundary part. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the block pile foundation of the bearing capacity test example which has the structure of the same invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the block earthing foundation of the fall test example which has the structure of the same invention. It is a graph which shows the vertical displacement of the Example by the structure of this invention, a comparative example, and a prior art example. It is a graph which shows the horizontal displacement of the Example by the structure of this invention, a comparative example, and a prior art example. It is the pattern table | surface which showed the example of a combination of the adjacent ground level difference and the finishing height from a block top. It is the pattern table | surface which showed the example of a combination of the height of the ground in a site | ground and the ground outside a site from the foundation upper end surface. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional block-carrying foundation having a flat base portion, and (b) is a vertical cross-section of a conventional block-carrying foundation in which the base portion itself is an L-shaped foundation. FIG.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a boundary portion of a site where a block-carrying foundation 11 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is constructed, and FIG. 2 is a site where the block-carrying foundation 11 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the right side. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pile 13 shown in FIG. 1.
The block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment includes a foundation 15, a pile 13, and a block 17 as main components.

The foundation 15 is constructed by creating a formwork on the root cut bottom 19 and placing concrete 21 there. The foundation 15 is buried in the site along the boundary line. The foundation 15 is constructed in a so-called I-type cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line. In addition, in this specification, a boundary line means the straight line which connects two or more points which comprise the boundary of land. A reinforcing bar 23 is embedded in the foundation 15 in a direction along the boundary line, and a part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes from the foundation 15 upward in the vertical direction. For example, it is arranged in the center of the width of the foundation 15 and is arranged to protrude above the foundation 15 at intervals of about 800 mm in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 15.
As the reinforcing bars 23, building structural materials, so-called deformed reinforcing bars, are preferably used. As the reinforcing bar 23, one having an outer diameter D10 is used, for example.

  The pile 13 is driven in a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 along the inner side surface 25 on the inner side of the foundation 15. A hook plate 27 shown in FIG. 3 is fixed to the upper end of the pile 13. The hook plate 27 is formed in an L shape, crosses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line, and abuts the outer side surface 29 outside the site at the crossing tip. The pile 13 and the hook plate 27 can be made of steel. The pile 13 and the hook plate 27 are fixed by welding, for example. The pile 13 is made of, for example, equilateral mountain shaped steel. As the equilateral angle steel, SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a length of 700 to 1500 mm, preferably 900 mm, a length of each side of about 50 mm, and a thickness of about 5 mm is suitable. The lower end which is the front-end | tip of the pile 13 is made into the tapered shape notched at about 45 degrees. Further, the hook plate 27 fixed to the upper end of the pile 13 is set to a thickness of a block 17 to be described later, and is made of SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a thickness of about 4.5 mm. The L-shaped bent piece 31 formed at the transverse tip of the hook plate 27 abuts in parallel with the outer side surface 29 outside the site of the block 17 at about 50 mm.

4A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example in which the block 17 has one stage, FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction example in which the block 17 has two stages, and FIG. 4C is a construction example in which the block 17 has three stages. FIG.
The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler (such as mortar). In addition, the mortar is provided as a bonding material between the block 17 and the base 15 and between the blocks. At least one block 17 is loaded on the foundation 15. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, they are stacked in one, two, and three stages. The block 17 supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 that is higher than the adjacent ground (the outside ground 33). That is, it supports the side earth pressure in the site. For this block 17, a class C concrete building block (JIS A5406) can be suitably used. In this case, the thickness of the block 17 is 12 cm, the height is 19 cm, the length is 39 cm, three holes penetrate in the height direction in the length direction, and groove-shaped recesses in the height direction at both ends in the length direction Is formed.

  In addition, the concrete block as the block 17 is an example. In the block pile retaining base 11 of the present invention, the material of the block 17 is not limited. For the block 17, other building block materials such as a brick block having design properties may be used instead of the concrete block.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the block earth retaining foundation 11 is located at the same level as the upper surface of the foundation 15 or a position where the lower ground, that is, the ground 33 on the right side of the foundation 15 in the illustrated example is filled (see FIG. 1). It becomes. In addition, the block-carrying foundation 11 is constructed such that the ground on the high side, in the illustrated example, the ground surface 35 on the left side of the foundation 15 is substantially the same as the upper end of the block, or about several tens to 500 mm downward from the upper end. .

Next, the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 will be described.
The construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment includes a foundation construction process, a foundation collapse prevention process, and a block stacking process.

  In the foundation construction process, root cutting is performed along the boundary line. That is, a groove-shaped hole is dug. Next, a mold is assembled on the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom). Reinforcing bars 23 are arranged in the formwork. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 is arranged so as to protrude upward in the vertical direction. Next, concrete 21 is placed on the mold. After curing for a predetermined period, the formwork is released and the construction of the foundation 15 is completed. The constructed base 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line.

  In the foundation collapse prevention process, the pile 13 having a length longer than the height of the foundation 15 is driven along the inner side surface 25 on the inside of the site of the cured foundation 15 after curing. The piles 13 are driven at intervals of 1000 to 5000 mm along the boundary line. The driving interval of the piles 13 can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the construction length of the foundation 15, the height difference inside and outside the site, and the ground strength. In addition, the pile 13 can be installed close to the foundation 15 in the ground, or avoiding existing underground objects located in the ground below the foundation 15. The pile 13 crosses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line with the L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end, and the L-shaped bent piece 31 that is the transverse tip contacts the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site. Hang on. Thereby, the vertically long rectangular foundation 15 comes to be sandwiched between the main body portion of the pile 13 and the L-shaped bent piece 31 and supported so as to be held by the L-shaped bent piece 31, and to the outside of the site. Fall is regulated.

  In the block stacking process, a part of the reinforcing bars 23 protruding from the foundation 15 are passed through the holes of the block 17 and the blocks 17 are stacked on the foundation. At this time, a mortar as a bonding material is provided between the block 17 and the foundation 15. While the blocks 17 are stacked on the foundation 15 in the required number of stages, mortar or the like is filled in the joints between the holes and the adjacent blocks. The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with mortar filled in the hole or the like. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 is constructed by integrating the reinforcing bars 23 embedded in the foundation 15 and the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 15 through the reinforcing bars 23.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment, a foundation 15 is constructed on the root cutting bottom 19. The foundation 15 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a plane orthogonal to the boundary line. The pile 13 is driven substantially vertically along the inner surface 25 on the inner side of the site of the foundation 15. The pile 13 traverses the upper surface of the foundation 15 in a direction orthogonal to the boundary line, and has an L-shaped hook plate 27 at the upper end at the transverse tip, which abuts the outer surface 29 outside the site of the foundation 15. The foundation 15 is hooked on the outer surface 29 on the outside of the site by the hook plate 27 of the pile 13 that has been driven in, and the fall to the outside of the site is regulated. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 11 can compensate for the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation by the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 13 driven deeper into the ground than the foundation 15. it can. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 15, it can be made difficult to fall down.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 according to the present embodiment, a root cutting for embedding the foundation 15 is performed. In this case, since the foundation 15 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, the base portion is a water supply / drainage pipe 39 or the like as compared with the case of constructing a base portion of a conventional L-type foundation. It becomes difficult to interfere with. That is, the block pile retaining base 11 can be constructed in a shallow portion and in a narrow range. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Furthermore, the construction method of the block earthing foundation 11 constructs the foundation 15, drives the pile 13, hooks the hook plate 27 on the upper surface of the foundation 15, and prevents the foundation 15 from falling down. For this reason, the supporting strength can be easily increased by increasing the number and length of the piles 13.

Next, the block pile foundation according to the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the block pile holding foundation 41 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the site boundary portion when the block pile holding foundation 41 shown in FIG. 5 is viewed from the right side, 7 is a perspective view of the block pile retaining base 41 shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 8A is an exploded perspective view of the rail member 43 and the pile 45, and FIG. 7B is a perspective view of the rail member 43 through which the pile 45 passes. It is. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member and site | part same as the member and site | part shown in FIGS. 1-4, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
The block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment includes a rail member 43, a pile 45, a reinforcing bar 23, a foundation 47, and a block 17 as main components.

  The rail material 43 is buried in the site along the boundary line. The rail member 43 is formed to have a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, with the bottom plate portion 49 shown in FIG. The rail member 43 is formed with a length in the direction along the boundary line of, for example, 400 mm, a width of 150 mm, and a plate thickness of about 3.2 mm. The standing height of the side plate portion 51 from the bottom plate portion 49 is about 45 mm. A rectangular hole 53 of 60 mm × 60 mm is formed in the center of the bottom plate portion 49. For example, SS400 (JIS G 3101) is preferably used as the material of the rail member 43.

  The pile 45 passes through the hole 53 of the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43 and is driven substantially vertically into the ground from the root cut bottom 19. A fixing plate 55 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 that contacts the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43 is fixed to the upper end of the pile 45. The pile 45 is made of, for example, equilateral mountain-shaped steel. As the equilateral angle steel, SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a length of 700 to 1500 mm, preferably 900 mm, a length of each side of about 40 mm, and a thickness of about 5 mm is suitable. The lower end which is the front-end | tip of the pile 45 is made into the tapering shape notched at about 45 degrees. The fixed plate 55 is formed in a rectangular plate shape of 100 mm × 100 mm, and is fixed to the upper end of the pile 45 by welding. The fixed plate 55 is made of SS400 (JIS G 3101) having a thickness of about 3.2 mm.

  The reinforcing bar 23 is located on the bottom plate part 49, and a part protrudes vertically upward. As this rebar 23, a structural material for buildings, so-called deformed rebar, is preferably used as described above. As the reinforcing bar 23, one having an outer diameter D10 is used, for example.

  The foundation 47 embeds the other part, which is a part other than the protruding part of the rail member 43 and the reinforcing bar 23, in the cast concrete. That is, the foundation 47 has a rail material 43 laid on the root cut bottom 19, a pile 45 is previously passed through the rail material 43, and the rail material 43 and the reinforcing bar 23 are enclosed with a formwork, and the concrete 21 is placed there. Constructed by casting. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction from the foundation 47. In the foundation 47, the rail member 43 is embedded in the bottom portion, and the cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is constructed in a vertically long rectangular shape.

  The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 passed through the hole portion via a filler (such as mortar). In addition, the mortar is provided as a bonding material between the block 17 and the base 47 and between the blocks. At least one block 17 is loaded on the foundation 47. The block 17 supports a side portion of the in-site ground 35 that is higher than the adjacent ground (the outside ground 33). That is, it supports the side earth pressure in the site. As the block 17, a type C concrete building block (JIS A5406) can be suitably used. In this case, the thickness of the block 17 is 12 cm, the height is 19 cm, the length is 39 cm, three holes penetrate in the height direction in the length direction, and groove-shaped recesses in the height direction at both ends in the length direction Is formed.

  Further, the block earth retaining base 41 includes a plurality of reinforcing bridge members 57 shown in FIG. 7 that fix the side plate portions 51 to each other across the pair of side plate portions 51 on the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail material 43. Are provided with an interval in the extending direction. As the reinforcing bridge material 57, for example, a combination of a pipe-like member or a rod-like member and a screw, a bolt and a nut can be used. By fixing the pair of side plate portions 51 with the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, it is possible to restrict the pair of side plate portions 51 from opening and widening the interval between the side plate portions 51. Moreover, it will be in a embedment state in placement concrete and integration of the rail material 43 and the foundation 47 will improve.

Next, the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 will be described.
The construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment includes a rail material laying step, a pile driving step, a foundation building step, and a block pile step.

In the rail material laying step, root cutting is performed along the boundary line. That is, a groove-shaped hole is dug. Next, the mold is installed along the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom).
Next, the rail material 43 is laid on the root cutting bottom 19 (groove bottom) inside the mold. As shown in FIG. 8, the rail member 43 is arranged in such a manner that the bottom plate portion 49 is applied to the root cutting bottom 19, the pair of side plate portions 51 are opened upward, and the both side plate portions 51 are positioned inside the mold frame. That is, the rail member 43 supports the inner width of the formwork.

  In the pile driving process, a steel pile 45 is driven into the root cutting bottom 19 through the bottom plate portion 49 of the rail member 43. The piles 13 are driven at intervals of 1000 to 5000 mm along the boundary line. The driving interval of the pile 13, that is, the laying interval of the rail member 43 can be appropriately adjusted according to the construction length of the foundation 47, the height difference between the inside and outside of the site, and the ground strength. In addition, the pile 13, that is, the rail member 43 can be installed avoiding existing underground objects such as the water supply / drainage pipe 39. The pile 45 is driven in until the fixing plate 55 at the upper end comes into contact with the bottom plate portion 49. Accordingly, the rail member 43 is fixed by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 against the root cutting bottom 19 by the fixing plate 55 of the pile 45.

  In the foundation construction process, the reinforcing bars 23 are arranged inside the mold surrounding the rail member 43 fixed to the root cutting bottom 19. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 protrudes upward in the vertical direction from the mold. Next, concrete 21 is placed on the mold. After curing for a predetermined period, the formwork is released and the construction of the foundation 47 is completed. The constructed base 47 has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line. The vertically long rectangular foundation 47 is integrated with the rail member 43, and the rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by the pile 45, so that the fall to the outside of the site is restricted.

In the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment, the constructed foundation 47 is prevented from falling by the pile 45. That is, before the foundation 47 is constructed, a pile driving process for the laid rail material 43 is provided, and the pile 47 that has already been driven into the ground by the foundation 47 is integrated. Therefore, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41 of the second embodiment, the foundation collapse prevention process performed in the first embodiment is not necessary.
In addition, about the process of laying the rail material 43 to the root cutting bottom 19 and assembling the formwork, as described above, it is not a procedure for assembling the formwork and laying the rail material 43 after the root cutting work. It is good also as the procedure of assembling a formwork, after laying the rail material 43 in the root cutting bottom 19 after construction of this, and driving in the pile 13. FIG.

  In the block stacking process, a part of the reinforcing bar 23 protruding from the foundation 47 is passed through the hole of the block 17 and the block 17 is stacked on the foundation. At this time, a mortar as a bonding material is provided between the block 17 and the foundation 47. As the block 17 is stacked on the foundation 47 in the required number of stages, mortar or the like is filled in the joints between the holes and the adjacent blocks. The block 17 is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar 23 with mortar filled in the hole or the like. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 41 is constructed by integrating the reinforcing bars 23 embedded in the foundation 47 and the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 47 through the reinforcing bars 23.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the block soil retaining foundation 41 according to the second embodiment, a rail material 43 is laid on the root cut bottom 19. The rail member 43 is fixed to the root cutting bottom 19 by pressing the bottom plate portion 49 to the fixing plate 55 provided at the upper end of the pile 45 penetrating the bottom plate portion 49. The rail material 43 is embedded in the cast concrete together with the reinforcing bars 23 by the enclosed formwork, and is integrated with the constructed foundation 47. A part of the reinforcing bar 23 that supports the block 17 rises from the upper surface of the foundation 47. The foundation 47 is regulated from falling to the outside of the site by a pile 45 driven into the bottom plate portion 49. That is, the block pile retaining foundation 41 supplements the fall prevention effect borne by the base portion of the conventional L-shaped foundation with the fall prevention effect due to bending of the pile 45 driven deeper into the ground below the foundation 47. be able to. Thereby, although it is the vertically long rectangular base 47, it can be made hard to fall down. As a result, it is difficult to interfere with water supply / drainage piping, and construction costs can be reduced.

  Further, in the block pile retaining base 41, the pair of side plate portions 51 of the rail member 43 are fixed by the reinforcing bridge member 57, and the opening is restricted. This reinforcing bridge material 57 is embedded in the cast concrete for constructing the foundation 47. That is, the foundation 47 is constructed by integrating the rail material 43, the reinforcing bar 23, the reinforcing bridge material 57 and the concrete 21. When a force in a direction in which the foundation 47 falls to the outside of the site is applied to the block pile retaining base 41, a force that bends the pair of side plate parts 51, particularly the side plate part 51 outside the site, to the outside works. At this time, since the pair of side plate portions 51 are connected by the reinforcing cross-linking material 57, the bending of the side plate portions 51 can be restricted, and the distance between the side plate portions 51 can be integrally maintained. As a result, the rail member 43 and the foundation 47 can be integrated with high strength, and separation between the pair of side plate portions 51 and the foundation 47 can be prevented.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 41, the root cutting for embedding the foundation 47 is constructed. At this time, since the foundation 47 to be constructed has a vertically long rectangular cross section that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line, the base part has a water supply / drainage pipe 39 and the like as compared with the case of constructing a base part of a conventional L-type foundation. It becomes difficult to interfere with. That is, the block pile retaining base 41 can perform the construction in a shallow area and in a narrow range. Thereby, excavation labor and excavation residual soil processing amount are reduced. Moreover, all of excavation time, bar arrangement time, raw concrete placement time, backfill time, and residual soil treatment time can be shortened. Moreover, as for the construction method of the block earth retaining foundation 41, the fixed plate 55 of the pile 45 is embedded in the placement concrete. Therefore, the pile 45 enters the gap between the fixed plate 55 and the bottom plate portion 49 even if there is a construction error such as a slight placement failure, so that the construction accuracy can be relaxed. As a result, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the block pile retaining foundation 11 and the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment, it can be configured to hardly interfere with the water supply / drain pipe 39 and the like, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, according to the construction method of the block pile retaining foundation 11 and the block pile retaining foundation 41 according to the present embodiment, the excavation range can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the example in which the piles 13 and 45 are made of equilateral angle steel has been described. However, if the piles 13 and 45 have a cross-sectional shape that resists the direction of bending with respect to the longitudinal direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same effect as described above can be obtained even with an approximately L-shaped section of an unequal piece or a U-shaped section.

Next, the block earthing foundation 11 having the same configuration as the block earthing foundation of the first embodiment described above will be described, and the results compared with the block earthing foundation of the conventional structure will be described.
FIG. 9A is a longitudinal sectional view of a site boundary portion of a test example using a block laying foundation having the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is a comparative test example of a conventional block laying foundation. FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing the foundation of the block stacking of the bearing capacity test example having the configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is the block stacking of the fall test example having the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a graph showing vertical displacements of the embodiment, comparative example, and conventional example according to the configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a horizontal displacement of the example, comparative example, and conventional example according to the configuration of the present invention. It is a graph which shows. In addition, about each member and site | part shown below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the said 1st Embodiment and the same member and site | part as a prior art.

[Test conditions]
As an example, the block pile retaining foundation of the first embodiment described above is used, and as a comparative example, only the length of the pile is set to be short with the same configuration as the example, and the shape of the foundation projects to the inside of the site as a conventional example. It was set as the structure which consists of a flat-shaped base part.
In addition, as a common condition, the block stacked on the foundation 15 is the concrete block 17 (507) described above, and each dimension including joint width is 120 mm in thickness, 200 mm in height, and 400 mm in length. It was. The blocks 17 and 507 are arranged in three stages in the vertical direction and seven in the longitudinal direction of the foundations 15 and 505, and are fixed with reinforcing bars and mortar. In addition, the ground level in the site is set to a substantially half height position in the uppermost block of the three-stage block stacked on the foundation, and the ground level outside the site is set to a substantially half height position in the lowermost block.

A. Example: Height difference h inside / outside of the block laying foundation foundation according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 400 mm
Size of foundation 15; length L = 2800mm, height H = 250mm, width W = 150mm
Number of piles 13; length of two piles 13; 900 mm
Spacing 13 between piles D: 2000 mm

B. Comparative example: Height difference between inside and outside of the block pile retaining foundation site where only the length of the pile is set short among the conditions of the above embodiment; 400 mm
Size of foundation 15; length 2800mm, height 250mm, width 150mm
Number of piles 13; length of two piles 13; 750 mm
Spacing between piles 13; 2000 mm

C. Conventional example: Height difference between the inside and outside of the block-laying foundation with a base-shaped foundation; 400mm
Base size: length 2800mm, height 150mm, width 400mm
Number of piles; none

[Supportability test]
As shown in FIG. 10, the load was applied to the upper end (top end) of the block 17 loaded on the foundation, and the support force test was performed. The member to which the load is applied is made of H steel having a horizontal plate portion at the top and bottom and a vertical plate portion at the center, and in a horizontal state in the longitudinal direction, pressurization that can apply a load to the block 17 in the vertical direction substantially uniformly. Part 73. The pressurizing unit 73 has a total length of 1600 mm, a horizontal plate portion and a vertical plate portion each having a width of 150 mm, a horizontal portion having a thickness of 10 mm, and a vertical portion having a thickness of 7 mm.
The ground contact pressure (the pressure at which the bottom surface of the foundation in contact with the ground presses the ground) due to all loads of the foundation 15 and each block 17 is less than 20 kN / m ² .
From the result of the test, as shown in FIG. 12, the vertical displacement due to the supporting force is applied to the mounting load exceeding the value set as the ground pressure, that is, the load applied as the load. ) And the comparative example (Δ in the figure) are hardly displaced as compared with the basic structure of the conventional example (◯ in the figure), and can be used in the configuration of the present invention.

[Tumble test]
As shown in FIG. 11, the pressure plate 71 was grounded at the position of the ground 15 in the site that was 500 mm away from the foundation 15 and the core (center) of the block 17 stacked on the foundation 15. The plate-like member that presses down the ground of the pressure plate 71 has a width of 300 mm, a length of 1820 mm, and a thickness of 2.5 mm.
On the ground surface 35 side of the site, the influence stress due to the weight of the building inside the site and the weight of the backfill soil is 30 kN / m ² at the maximum.
From the results of the test, the horizontal displacement of the foundation 15 caused by pressing the ground surface 35 as shown in FIG. 13 is the result of the length of 750 mm of the pile 13 as a comparative example (Δ in the figure). Large, that is, there is a risk of falling, and cannot be used.
However, in the example of the present invention in which the length of the pile 13 is 900 mm (◇ in the figure), the displacement amount is small even compared with the foundation 505 of the conventional example (◯ in the figure), that is, there is no risk of falling. There is no problem in using it as a block pile foundation.

[Discussion]
From the above, the block-laying foundation of the present invention includes a foundation 15 having a vertically long cross section and a pile 13 that is hooked on the foundation 15 and driven along the inner surface 25 on the inside of the site. It is possible to prevent the block of the body from falling down. Moreover, since the pile 13 was comprised with the equal side angle steel, the force which bears the bending direction of the pile itself was utilized, and from this, it becomes possible to prevent the foundation from collapsing.

Here, based on each test example mentioned above, the combination of the foundation 15 and the block 17 which can be built is shown in FIG.
When the finishing height from the top of the block (upper end) is combined based on the value of the adjacent ground level difference, 15 patterns can be considered as illustrated. This combination example can be used with a 900 mm long pile used in the above test.

The adjacent ground level difference is 200mm, which is the single height of the block 17, and the number of steps of the block 17 is determined up to a maximum height difference of 400mm. Basically, it is a combination when the block top height is 100mm. is there.
In this pattern diagram, in the example where the finishing height from the top exceeds 200 mm, the ground 35 in the site does not touch the block 17 and the earth pressure is not directly applied, but the weight of the block 17 itself is also included. In the same manner as the results of the examples of the above test examples, the combination is prevented from falling.
In this combination, if the adjacent ground level difference is 300 to 400 mm and the finishing height of the top of the block is 400 mm, the number of steps of the block 17 is five, so that sufficient strength considering the reinforcing bars can be obtained. This combination was excluded.

Further, FIG. 15 shows a combination of the height of the in-site ground 35 from the upper end surface and the height of the out-of-site ground 33 from the upper end surface with the above combination as a reference from the upper end surface of the foundation 15. From this combination, the adjacent ground level difference can be easily obtained.
The height of the ground 35 in the site from the upper end surface of the foundation was changed from 100 mm to 600 mm depending on the number of steps of the blocks 17 stacked on the foundation 15, and this range was shown as a vertical axis for every 100 mm. Further, the height of the ground 33 outside the site from the upper end surface of the foundation is 0 mm, which is the same height as the upper end surface of the foundation 15, and 100 mm when the first block 17 is half buried with the foundation 15. The state where 17 is buried is shown on the horizontal axis as 200 mm.
By combining these heights inside and outside the site, combinations of 12 patterns can be easily obtained with the difference in height of the adjacent land as limited to 400 mm as described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11,41 ... Block earth retaining foundation 13 ... Pile 15 ... Foundation 17 ... Block 19 ... Root cutting bottom 23 ... Reinforcing bar 25 ... Inner surface 27 ... Hook board 29 ... Outer surface 35 ... Ground in the site 43 ... Rail material 45 ... Pile 47 ... Foundation 49 ... Bottom plate portion 51 ... Side plate portion 55 ... Fixed plate 57 ... Reinforcing bridge material

Claims (5)

A concrete foundation that is buried in the site along the boundary line, a cross-sectional shape that is a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is a vertically long rectangular shape, and a part of the embedded reinforcing bar protrudes upward in the vertical direction,
A length longer than the height of the foundation is formed along the inner inner surface of the foundation site, and is driven into the ground. At the upper end, the upper surface of the foundation is traversed in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line. A steel pile having a substantially L-shaped hook plate in contact with the outer surface outside the site at the tip;
A block that is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation and supports a side portion of the ground in the site that is higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
A block pile retaining foundation characterized by comprising: A substantially U-shaped steel rail material whose upper side is opened by sandwiching a bottom plate part between a pair of side plate parts, and a cross-sectional shape that is buried in the site along the boundary line and orthogonal to the boundary line, and
A steel pile having a fixing plate that penetrates the bottom plate portion of the rail material and is driven into the ground from a rooted bottom, and contacts the bottom plate portion at the upper end;
A reinforcing bar located above the bottom plate part and partially protruding upward;
A concrete foundation that embeds the rail material and the other part of the reinforcing bar and projects a part of the reinforcing bar upward in the vertical direction;
A block that is fixed to a part of the reinforcing bar passed through the hole portion via a filler, and at least one of which is stacked on the foundation and supports a side portion of the ground in the site that is higher than the ground on the adjacent ground;
A block pile retaining foundation characterized by comprising: A block pile foundation according to claim 2,
The pair of side plate portions of the rail material is provided with a plurality of reinforcing bridge members that connect and fix the side plate portions across the pair of side plate portions with an interval in the extending direction of the rail material. Block pile foundation that is characterized by that. A formwork and a reinforcing bar are arranged at the root cut along the boundary line, and a part of the reinforcing bar protrudes upward in the vertical direction, and the cross-sectional shape that becomes a surface orthogonal to the boundary line is made of concrete having a vertically long rectangular shape. The foundation building process to make the foundation,
A steel pile having a length longer than the height of the foundation is driven into the ground along the inner surface of the foundation on the inside of the foundation, and an L-shaped hook plate at the upper end of the pile is provided on the upper surface of the foundation. Crossing in a direction perpendicular to the boundary line, and a base fall-preventing step of hooking the crossing tip against the outer side surface 29 outside the site,
A block stacking step of stacking a block on the foundation through a part of the reinforcing bar in a hole, and fixing the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar with a filler,
A construction method of a block pile retaining foundation characterized by including: Rail material laying on the root-cut bottom along the boundary line is a steel material that is substantially U-shaped and has a cross-sectional shape that is perpendicular to the boundary line with the bottom plate part sandwiched between a pair of side plate parts. Process,
A steel pile is driven into the ground through the bottom cutting bottom through the bottom plate portion of the rail material, and a fixed plate having an upper end of the pile is brought into contact with the bottom plate portion, and the bottom plate portion is cut into the root cutting portion. A pile driving process for fixing to the bottom;
A foundation construction step of placing a reinforcing bar in a formwork surrounding the rail material and projecting a part of the reinforcing bar upward in the vertical direction to form a concrete foundation;
A block stacking step of stacking a block on the foundation through a part of the reinforcing bar in a hole, and fixing the hole and a part of the reinforcing bar with a filler,
A construction method of a block pile retaining foundation characterized by including:

Images