JP2017081472A - Carriage for transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carriage that is configured so that mounting shafts 27 of universal casters 20 are moved up and down with a spring 32 so as to make the spring 32 to effectively exert characteristics, and is downsized.SOLUTION: In a carriage 50 for transportation, universal casters 20 and 20 are attached on four corners of a floor frame 1 and fixed casters 40 and 40 are attached on intermediate positions. A spring 32 is inserted into a guide pipe 30 fixed to a lower surface of the floor frame 1. The universal caster 20 has an attachment shaft 27 of a caster frame 21 attached with a wheel 25, and the attachment shaft 27 is inserted into the guide pipe 30 and made to contact a lower end of the spring 32 (a). The attachment shaft 27 is attached liftably to the guide pipe 30 by a pin 34 (b)(c). The fixed casters can be floated to be turned easily with the spring 32 in an empty load state and the spring 32 is compressed by a loaded cargo, so that the fixed casters are grounded and straight travelling performance is enhanced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a transport carriage having a feature in a caster mounting structure.

  Conventionally, in a so-called six-wheel carriage (balance truck), which has a free caster at the four corners of the floor frame and a fixed caster at the intermediate position in the traveling direction of the carriage, it is slightly In order to exhibit the rotational performance, the fixed wheel and one or both free wheels in the traveling direction are grounded. Also, in the empty state without a load, when nesting and storing a plurality of empty carts in piles, only the free wheels are grounded without grounding the fixed wheels to make a small turn. It was.

  In this case, in general, a fixed wheel is moved up and down to realize a cart with such specifications (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Further, a device for raising and lowering the front and rear free casters has been proposed (Patent Document 3). In this cart, the mounting frame with two free casters attached to the lower and lower sides can be moved up and down with a spring spring in the traveling direction, and by changing the height of the free caster with or without load (loading), The relative height of the fixed casters is adjusted.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-242176 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-305705 JP 2002-2492 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-176502

  In the cart that raises and lowers the mounting frame and raises and lowers the two free casters together, it is difficult to arrange the spring springs for raising and lowering the two free casters uniformly. Due to its high cost, it was necessary to further devise it in order to apply it to products. Further, Patent Document 3 proposes a device that raises and lowers each of the free casters with a spring spring as well as raising and lowering the two free casters together (paragraph 0030).

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the caster is attached to one free caster on the lower surface of the horizontal plate 63, and the horizontal plate 63 is attached to the floor frame 62 so as to be movable up and down. Furthermore, spring springs 65 and 66 are respectively fixed in protective cylinders 64 and 64 attached to both sides of the upper surface of the horizontal plate 64, and the spring springs 65 and 66 are fixed to the lower surface of the floor frame 62. Become. In FIG. 6, the depth direction in the drawing is the traveling direction of the transport carriage 60. Further, in this case, if the transport carriage 60 is a six-wheel carriage, there is a structure in which similar free wheels 61, 61 are combined in the depth direction, and a fixed caster attached to the lower surface of the floor frame 62 is disposed therebetween. (Not shown). Therefore, the fixed wheel is not grounded in the empty state of FIG.

  In the transport cart 60 of FIG. 6A, each of the casters 61, 61 is controlled by spring springs 64, 65, and when there is a load on the transport cart 60, the spring springs 64, 65 contract, The floor frame 62 (that is, the pallet on which the load is placed) is lowered (FIG. 6B). Along with this, the fixed casters are also lowered, and the transport carriage 60 can be operated (not shown) in a state where the free casters 61 and 61 and the fixed casters are grounded.

  In this transport carriage 60, for the sake of explanation, one universal caster 61 is supported by two spring springs 65, 66, but at least three to four spring springs are required for actual stabilization. As a result, there still remains a problem that the mounting frame is further enlarged and the distance in the height direction is increased.

  Further, in order to absorb a road surface impact during traveling, a device using a spring spring for a caster has been proposed (Patent Document 4). In this proposal, a special universal caster in which the spring springs are arranged diagonally is necessary, and the problem that the device becomes large similarly arises. In particular, since the spring springs are arranged diagonally, it is moved up and down in the vertical direction. In order to secure the height (stroke), a long spring spring and its installation space were required.

  The present invention solves the above problems by providing a spring spring on the mounting shaft, which is the rotating shaft of each free caster.

That is, the present invention is a transport cart characterized in that a floor frame is provided below a pallet on which a load is placed and a caster is provided on the lower surface of the floor frame, and is configured as follows.
(1) On the lower surface of the floor frame, free casters were provided in the traveling direction, front side and rear side of the transporting carriage, and fixed casters were provided in the middle in the traveling direction.
(2) All the free casters have their wheels fixed to the caster frame, and the upper mounting shaft of the caster frame is attached to the floor frame at a substantially right angle and freely rotatable.
(3) The mounting shaft is movable up and down in the axial direction with respect to the floor frame, and a spring spring is provided coaxially with the mounting shaft.
(4) The spring spring is
“With no load on the pallet,
Only the universal wheels are grounded, and the fixed wheels of the fixed casters are not grounded.
In addition, “both the front and rear universal wheels and the fixed wheels are in contact with each other with a load placed on the pallet”.

Moreover, in the above, it is the trolley | bogie characterized by having comprised as follows.
(1) The guide pipes were fixed to the four corners of the floor frame with the shafts vertically, and the mounting shafts of the free casters were inserted into the guide pipes so as to be rotatable and movable up and down.
(2) The spring spring is “between the upper edge of the mounting shaft in the guide pipe and below the floor frame”
Alternatively, it is attached “between the lower edge of the guide pipe and the outer periphery of the attachment shaft, above the caster frame”.

  According to the present invention, on the lower surface of the floor frame, free casters are provided in the traveling direction, front side and rear side of the transport carriage, independently lifted and lowered by spring springs, and fixed casters are provided in the middle part. It is configured so that only the free wheel is grounded and the fixed wheel of the fixed caster is not grounded, and both the front and rear free wheels and the fixed wheel are grounded with a load on the pallet. Thus, the fixed wheel comes in contact with the ground when traveling and the straight traveling is stable, and when it is empty, it can easily move in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the nesting operation can be made more efficient.

  Also, with all free casters, the mounting shaft is mounted at a substantially right angle to the floor frame and is rotatable, the mounting shaft is movable up and down in the axial direction with respect to the floor frame, and is coaxial with the mounting shaft. Since the wheel of the free caster can be moved up and down in the axial direction of the mounting shaft, the free caster can move up and down smoothly and rotate. In addition, the spring spring is effectively actuated in a small space, the processing is less than that of the conventional transport cart, and the transport cart is not particularly enlarged in the height direction.

In the first embodiment of the universal caster used in the present invention, (a) is an assembly view, (b) is a front view with the spring spring exposed, and (c) is a side view with the spring spring exposed. Represent. In the second embodiment of the universal caster used in the present invention, (a) is an assembled view, (b) is a front view with the spring spring exposed, and (c) is a side view with the spring spring exposed. Represent. It is the front view which exposed the spring spring of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is the figure which compared the empty state and the loading state, (a) represents 1st embodiment, (b) represents 2nd embodiment, respectively. . The carriage of the first embodiment of the present invention represents an empty state, (a) is a plan view through which the pallet is transmitted, (b) is a front view with the spring spring exposed, and (c) is the spring spring exposed. Represents a side view. The cart of the first embodiment of the present invention represents a loaded state, (a) is a plan view through which a pallet is transmitted, (b) is a front view in which a spring spring is exposed, and (c) is a spring spring is exposed. Represents a side view. In the prior art example of this invention, it is the side view which exposed the spring spring and was schematic, (a) represents an empty state, (b) represents a loading state.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Configuration of the carriage 50

(1) The transport cart 50 is detachably attached to the front and rear ends of the floor frame 1 in the traveling direction 55 of the floor frame 1, and the free casters 20, 20 and the traveling direction 55 are attached to the four corners of the floor frame 1. The fixed casters 40, 40 are attached to the intermediate positions of the pallet 10, and the pallet 10 is placed on the floor frame 1 so as to be able to rise and fall (FIG. 5).
The floor frame 1 has the main frame 2 arranged along the traveling direction 55, and end frame pieces 5, 5 orthogonal to the main frame 2 are respectively fixed to the lower surfaces of both ends 4, 4 of the main frame 2. An intermediate portion of the intermediate frame piece 7 orthogonal to the main frame 2 is fixed to the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the frame 2 (FIGS. 5A and 5B).

(2) The universal caster 40 has a caster frame 21 in which support pieces 22 and 22 are arranged at a predetermined interval on the lower surface of the top plate 23, and a shaft 26 of a wheel 25 is fixed to the support pieces 22 and 22. The mounting shaft 27 is fixed to the top surface of the top plate 23. A substantially horizontal pin hole 28 is formed in the mounting shaft 27.
In addition, the guide pipes 30 and 30 are fixed to the end frame pieces 5 and 5 with the shafts arranged substantially vertically in accordance with the mounting positions of the free casters 20 on both sides. A vertically long hole 31 (corresponding to the pin hole 28) is formed in the lower part of the guide pipe 30, and the upper end of the guide pipe 30 is closed by the end frame piece 5.
The spring spring 32 is inserted into the guide pipe 30 with its axis aligned (vertical), and then the mounting shaft 27 of the universal caster 20 is inserted into the guide pipe 30 via the washer 33. Subsequently, a pin 34 is inserted in a substantially horizontal direction from the long hole 31 of the guide pipe 30 and passes through the pin hole 28 of the mounting shaft 27, and the pin 34 passes through the long hole 31 on the other side. In a state where the spring spring 32 is not pressurized (or in a state where the pressure is low), the pin 34 is positioned at the lower end of the long hole 31, and the pin 34 can move above the long hole 31 according to the pressure. The pin 34, the pin hole 28, and the long hole 31 are adjusted.
Further, the end frame piece 5 is formed of a pipe material or a groove shape material and has a rectangular cross section (or square shape),
It has an upper surface 5a, a lower surface 5b and side surfaces 5c, 5c. The guide pipe 30 passes through the lower surface side plate of the end frame piece 5 (or is inserted into the lower surface side gap), and the upper end of the guide pipe 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper surface plate (FIG. 1A (B) (c), FIG. 3 (a)).

(3) The fixed casters 40, 40 are attached to both sides of the lower surface of the intermediate frame piece 7, respectively. The fixed caster 40 is configured by pivoting a wheel 42 on a caster frame 41 (FIGS. 4A and 4B). In a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction 55, the wheels 42 and 42 of the fixed caster 40 are located inside the outer ends of the wheels 25 and 25 of the free caster 20 (FIG. 4C).
In the case of the conventional example (FIG. 6), it is necessary to arrange spring springs on the outer side and the inner side of the free caster 20 in a plan view. When the free casters 20 and 20 are disposed on the side of the floor frame close to the outer periphery as in this embodiment, a structure in which a spring spring 32 is provided on the mounting shaft 27 of the free caster 20 is suitable.

(4) In a state where no load (loading material) is placed on the pallet 10, that is, at the stage where only the own weight of the carriage 50 is applied to the six casters 20, 40, the wheels 25 of the free casters 20, 20 at the four corners, Only 25 is grounded, and the wheel 42 of the fixed caster 40 is not grounded but is lifted about Pcm from the ground 53 (FIG. 4B).
Further, with the load placed on the pallet, for example, about 50 kg (work load), the spring springs 32 and 32 are contracted by P (FIG. 3A), and the wheels 42 and 4 of the fixed casters 40 and 40 are grounded. Thus, the spring constant of the spring spring 32 is set.

(5) In this transporting carriage 50, in the configuration of the universal caster 20, even the usual universal caster is configured by inserting the mounting shaft 27 of the universal caster 20 into the guide pipe 30, so that the processing of the pin hole 28 and the long hole 31 is performed. Only by this can the transport cart 50 be constructed. Further, since the height is only increased by the length of the spring spring 32 in the axial direction (the length in the vertical direction), there is no significant change in the height position of the pallet 10 as compared with the conventional carriage. No.

2. Use of transport cart 50

(1) With nothing placed on the pallet 10, only the wheels 25, 25 of the free casters 20, 20 on both front and rear sides in the traveling direction 55 are grounded by the spring spring 32, and the wheels 43 of the fixed casters 40 are It is in a state where it has risen by about Pcm from 53 and is not grounded (FIGS. 4B and 4C). In this state, the pin 34 is located at the lower end of the long hole 31, and the universal caster 20 is at the lowest position with respect to the floor frame 1 (left side in FIG. 3A). In this state, the wheels 42 of the fixed casters 40 are not grounded, and only the wheels 25 and 25 of the free casters 20 and 20 at the four corners are grounded and can be freely routed such as moving in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction 55. It has become.
Therefore, if the pallet 10 is raised along the side panel 12 in this state, a plurality of transport carts 50, 50 can be stacked and nested. At this time, since the end frame pieces 5 and 5 and the intermediate frame piece 7 of the other transport carriage 50 can pass below the main frame 2 of the floor frame 1 of the one transport carriage 50, Nesting can be performed with the frame pieces 2 and 2 along (not shown).

(2) Subsequently, in the state where the pallet 10 is turned down (the pallet 10 is on the floor frame 1, horizontal position), it is possible to carry the baggage on the pallet 10 in the same manner as the normal carriage 50. .

At this time, if the weight of the load exceeds the working load, the spring springs 32 and 32 are contracted, the floor frame 1 is lowered about P in the height direction (FIG. 3), and the wheel 42 of the fixed caster 40 is grounded. (FIGS. 5B and 5C). In this state, the wheel 43 of the fixed caster 40 and the total four wheels 25 and 25 of the four free casters 20 and 20 are all grounded to the ground 53, but the wheel 42 of the fixed caster 40 is grounded. Further, the transport carriage 50 can be moved stably in the traveling direction 55 while improving the straight traveling performance.
Further, in the conventional type (Patent Documents 1 and 2) in which the fixed caster at the intermediate portion is raised and lowered, the wheel of the fixed caster and the wheel of either one of the front and rear universal casters are grounded (that is, the free on the side that is not grounded) The wheels of the casters were floating), the pallet was slightly inclined, and it was supposed to move slightly like a seesaw with the wheels of the fixed casters as fulcrums. However, in this transport cart 50, both the wheel 42 of the fixed caster 40 and the wheels 25, 25 of the free casters 20, 20 on both front and rear sides are grounded, so that the vehicle can travel more stably (FIG. 5B). c)). Moreover, even if the unevenness | corrugation fits the ground 53, since the wheels 25 and 25 of the free caster 20 raise / lower independently, the impact of an unevenness | corrugation can be absorbed. Further, since the wheel 25 of the universal caster 20 moves up and down in a substantially vertical direction with the mounting shaft 27 as an axis, there is no waste in operation, and there is no hindrance to rotation around the mounting shaft of the universal caster 20, and smooth running is possible. .

3. Other embodiments

(1) In the above-described embodiment, two fixed casters are provided. However, at least one fixed caster is sufficient, and other configurations may be used (not shown).

(2) Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the action load amount was 50 kg, it adjusts with about 30 kg-150 kg with the load amount of a trolley | bogie.

4). Swivel caster of the second embodiment

(1) In the universal caster 20 of the above-described embodiment, the spring spring 32 is inserted into the guide pipe 30 into which the attachment shaft 27 of the universal caster 20 is inserted, and the upper surface of the guide pipe 30 (the lower surface of the end frame 5) is attached. Although a spring spring is applied between the upper end of the shaft, other configurations may be employed. Therefore, in the first embodiment,
Outer diameter of mounting shaft 27 <Inner diameter of spring spring 32
<Outer diameter of spring spring 32 <Inner diameter of guide pipe 30 (FIG. 1A). In other words, the spring spring 32 is applied between the end frame 5 and the upper end of the mounting shaft 27.

(2) In the second embodiment, for example,
The outer diameter of the mounting shaft 27 <the inner diameter of the guide pipe 30 ≈ the inner diameter of the spring spring 32 (FIG. 2A).
That is, the mounting shaft 27 of the free caster 20 is placed in the guide pipe 30 with the upper and lower portions of the spring spring disposed between the lower edge 30a of the guide pipe 30 and the upper surface of the top plate 23 of the caster frame 21 of the free caster 20. Inserted. Then, similarly to the first embodiment, the pin 34 is inserted between the long hole 31 of the guide pipe 30 and the pin hole 28 of the mounting shaft 27 to constitute the universal caster 20 (FIG. 2A). b) (c)).
Accordingly, in the second embodiment, the spring spring 32 is provided on the lower edge 30a of the guide pipe 30 (acting on the end frame 5 via the guide pipe 30) and the top plate 23 of the caster frame 21 of the universal caster 20. It acts between the upper surface.
Similarly, the spring spring 32 of this embodiment is also contracted by P (FIG. 2B) with a load of about 50 kg (work load) on the pallet 10 (FIG. 2B). The spring constant of the spring spring 32 is set so that the wheel is grounded (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

(3) Other configurations are the same as those in the above-described embodiment (not shown, see FIGS. 4 and 5).

1 Floor frame 2 Main frame (floor frame)
5 End frame (floor frame)
5a End frame top surface 5b End frame bottom surface 5c End frame side surface 7 Intermediate frame (floor frame)
10 Pallet 12 Side panel 20 Swivel caster 21 Caster frame (Swivel caster)
22 Support piece (caster frame)
23 Top plate (caster frame)
25 wheels (free casters)
26 shafts (free casters)
27 Mounting shaft (free caster)
28 pin holes (free casters)
30 Guide pipe 30a Lower edge 31 of guide pipe Long hole (guide pipe)
32 Spring spring 33 Washer 34 Pin 40 Fixed caster 41 Caster frame (fixed caster)
42 wheels (fixed casters)
50 Carriage Cart 53 Ground 55 Traveling Direction 60 Carriage Cart (Conventional Example)
61 Swivel caster (conventional example)
62 Floor frame (conventional example)
63 Horizontal plate (conventional example)
64 Holding cylinder (conventional example)
65, 66 Spring spring (conventional example)

Claims (2)

A transport cart characterized in that a floor frame is provided below a pallet on which a load is placed and a caster is provided on the lower surface of the floor frame, and is configured as follows.
(1) On the lower surface of the floor frame, free casters were provided in the traveling direction, front side and rear side of the transporting carriage, and fixed casters were provided in the middle in the traveling direction.
(2) All the free casters have their wheels fixed to the caster frame, and the upper mounting shaft of the caster frame is attached to the floor frame at a substantially right angle and freely rotatable.
(3) The mounting shaft is movable up and down in the axial direction with respect to the floor frame, and a spring spring is provided coaxially with the mounting shaft.
(4) The spring spring is
“With no load on the pallet,
Only the universal wheels are grounded, and the fixed wheels of the fixed casters are not grounded.
In addition, “both the front and rear universal wheels and the fixed wheels are in contact with each other with a load placed on the pallet”. The carriage according to claim 1, configured as follows.
(1) The guide pipes were fixed to the four corners of the floor frame with the shafts vertically, and the mounting shafts of the free casters were inserted into the guide pipes so as to be rotatable and movable up and down.
(2) The spring spring is “between the upper edge of the mounting shaft in the guide pipe and below the floor frame”
Alternatively, it is attached “between the lower edge of the guide pipe and the outer periphery of the attachment shaft, above the caster frame”.

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