JP2017052674A - 炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017052674A JP2017052674A JP2015179566A JP2015179566A JP2017052674A JP 2017052674 A JP2017052674 A JP 2017052674A JP 2015179566 A JP2015179566 A JP 2015179566A JP 2015179566 A JP2015179566 A JP 2015179566A JP 2017052674 A JP2017052674 A JP 2017052674A
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- silicon carbide
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Abstract
Description
まず本開示の実施形態について説明する。以下の説明では、同一または対応する要素には同一の符号を付し、それらについて同じ説明は繰り返さない。本明細書の結晶学的記載においては、個別方位を[]、集合方位を<>、個別面を()、集合面を{}でそれぞれ示す。結晶学上の指数が負であることは、通常、数字の上に”−”(バー)を付すことによって表現されるが、本明細書では数字の前に負の符号を付すことによって結晶学上の負の指数を表現する。
以下、本開示の一実施形態(以下「本実施形態」とも記す)について説明する。ただし本実施形態はこれらに限定されるものではない。
図1および図2に示されるように、本実施形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板100は、炭化珪素単結晶基板10と、炭化珪素層20とを有している。炭化珪素単結晶基板10は、第1主面11と、第1主面11と反対側の第3主面13とを含む。炭化珪素層20は、炭化珪素単結晶基板10と接する第4主面14と、第4主面14と反対側の第2主面30を含む。図1に示されるように、炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板100は、第1方向101に延在する第1フラット5を有していてもよい。炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板100は、第2方向102に延在する第2フラット(図示せず)を有していてもよい。第1方向101は、たとえば<11−20>方向である。第2方向102は、たとえば<1−100>方向である。
炭化珪素層20は、ドーパントとしてたとえば窒素を含有する。本開示に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板100によれば、中央表面層25におけるキャリア濃度の平均値は、1×1014cm-3以上5×1016cm-3以下である。中央表面層25において、キャリア濃度の周方向均一性は、2%以下であり、かつキャリア濃度の面内均一性は、10%以下である。周方向均一性および面内均一性は、その値が小さいほど、キャリア濃度が均一に分布していることを示す。なお、本願におけるキャリア濃度とは、実効キャリア濃度を意味する。たとえば、炭化珪素層がドナーとアクセプタとを含む場合、実効キャリア濃度とは、ドナー濃度(Nd)とアクセプタ濃度(Na)との差の絶対値(|Nd−Na|)として計算される。キャリア濃度の測定方法は後述する。
中央領域33と炭化珪素単結晶基板10とに挟まれた炭化珪素層の部分(つまり、中央炭化珪素領域27)の厚み113の平均値は、5μm以上である。厚み113の平均値は、10μm以上であってもよいし、15μm以上であってもよいし。厚みの周方向均一性は、1%以下であり、かつ厚みの面内均一性は、4%以下である。厚みの周方向均一性は、周方向における中央炭化珪素領域27の厚みの平均値に対する、周方向における中央炭化珪素領域27の厚みの最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率である。厚みの面内均一性は、中央領域全体における中央炭化珪素領域27の厚みの平均値に対する、中央領域全体における中央炭化珪素領域27の厚みの最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率である。
次に、本実施形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板100の製造方法で使用される製造装置200の構成について説明する。
図6に示されるように、製造装置200は、回転数計51と、制御部52と、MFC(Mass Flow Controller)53と、ガス供給源54とをさらに有していてもよい。回転数計51は、たとえばレーザ光を用いて、炭化珪素単結晶基板10の回転数(言い換えれば、サセプタプレート210の回転数)をモニター可能に構成されているレーザ回転数計であってもよい。回転数計51は、炭化珪素単結晶基板10の第1フラット5を基準として、炭化珪素単結晶基板10の回転数をモニターしてもよい。回転数計51は、第1主面11に対面する位置に配置されている。
ドーパントガスであるアンモニアガスは、反応室201に供給される前に、十分に加熱し、予め熱分解させておくことが望ましい。これにより炭化珪素層20において、窒素濃度(キャリア濃度)の面内均一性が向上することが期待できる。図5に示されるように、反応室201の上流側に予備加熱機構211が設けられている。予備加熱機構211において、アンモニアガスを事前に加熱することができる。予備加熱機構211は、たとえば1300℃以上に加熱された部屋を備えている。アンモニアガスは、予備加熱機構211の内部を通過する際、十分に熱分解され、その後反応室201へと供給される。こうした構成により、ガスの流れに大きな乱れを生じさせることなく、アンモニアガスの熱分解を行うことができる。
次に、本実施形態に係る炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板の製造方法について説明する。
次に、本実施形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置300の製造方法について説明する。
5 第1フラット
7 円弧部
10 炭化珪素単結晶基板
11 第1主面
13 第3主面
14 第4主面(面)
15 外周バッファ領域
16 中央バッファ領域
17 外周深層領域
18 中央深層領域
19 外周表層領域
20 炭化珪素層
21 バッファ層
22 深層領域
23 表層領域
24 ドリフト層
25 中央表面層
26 外周炭化珪素領域
27 中央炭化珪素領域(部分)
30 第2主面
31 外縁
32 外周領域
33 中央領域
34 同心円
35 中心
51 回転数計
52 制御部
54 ガス供給源
61,62 底面
63 ガス噴出孔
64 流路
65,67 側面
68 凹部
100 炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板
101 第1方向
102 第2方向
103 周方向
111 最大径
131 ドリフト領域
132 ボディ領域
133 ソース領域
134 コンタクト領域
136 酸化膜
137 層間絶縁膜
138 配線層
141 第1電極
142 第2電極
143 第3電極
200 製造装置
201 反応室
202 予備加熱機構
203 発熱体
204 石英管
205 断熱材
206 誘導加熱コイル
207 ガス導入口
208 ガス排気口
210 サセプタプレート
212 回転軸
300 炭化珪素半導体装置
Claims (6)
- 第1主面を含む炭化珪素単結晶基板と、
前記第1主面上の炭化珪素層とを備え、
前記炭化珪素層は、前記炭化珪素単結晶基板と接する面と反対側の第2主面を含み、
前記第2主面の最大径は、100mm以上であり、
前記第2主面は、前記第2主面の外縁から5mm以内の外周領域と、前記外周領域に取り囲まれた中央領域とを有し、
前記炭化珪素層は、前記中央領域を含む中央表面層を有し、
前記中央表面層におけるキャリア濃度の平均値は、1×1014cm-3以上5×1016cm-3以下であり、
前記キャリア濃度の周方向均一性は、2%以下であり、かつ前記キャリア濃度の面内均一性は、10%以下であり、
前記中央領域と前記炭化珪素単結晶基板とに挟まれた前記炭化珪素層の部分の厚みの平均値は、5μm以上であり、
前記厚みの周方向均一性は、1%以下であり、かつ前記厚みの面内均一性は、4%以下であり、
前記キャリア濃度の周方向均一性は、周方向における前記中央表面層のキャリア濃度の平均値に対する、周方向における前記中央表面層のキャリア濃度の最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率であり、
前記キャリア濃度の面内均一性は、前記中央領域全体における前記中央表面層の前記キャリア濃度の平均値に対する、前記中央領域全体における前記中央表面層の前記キャリア濃度の最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率であり、
前記厚みの周方向均一性は、周方向における前記部分の前記厚みの平均値に対する、周方向における前記部分の前記厚みの最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率であり、
前記厚みの面内均一性は、前記中央領域全体における前記部分の前記厚みの平均値に対する、前記中央領域全体における前記部分の前記厚みの最大値と最小値との差の絶対値の比率である、炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板。 - 前記最大径は、150mm以上である、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板。
- 前記キャリア濃度の平均値は、1×1015cm-3以上1×1016cm-3以下である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板。
- 前記キャリア濃度の周方向均一性は、1%以下である、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板。
- 前記キャリア濃度の面内均一性は、5%以下である、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板。
- 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板を準備する工程と、
前記炭化珪素エピタキシャル基板を加工する工程とを備える、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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