JP2017031790A - Ship mooring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ship mooring device that does not require an installation space above sea surface, reduces costs for installation and management, and effectively prevents an occurrence of a disaster on a land caused by breaking of a mooring rope and on a sea caused by sinking and turn-over of a small ship.SOLUTION: A ship mooring device includes: a floating body 12 having a tying part 10 for tying an end of a mooring rope 21 from a small ship 2 berthed along a quay wall 3, and buoyancy that balances with subsidence caused by gravitational force; a holding pipe 13 installed on the quay wall 3 for holding a tubular base part 11 of the floating body 12 that extends downward from the typing part 10 of the floating body, whereas detaching the base part 11 by tensile force from the small ship 2 when the small ship has risen along with a rise in the sea surface to an abnormal height due to buoyancy of the floating body 12 and tsunami; and a chain 14 housed inside the holding pipe 13 and having a tip connected to the base part 11 of the floating body 12. A length of the chain 14 is set to be equal or longer than a length obtained by subtracting a height H1 of a draft K of the small vessel 2 from a distance between a sea surface S that has risen to the abnormal height and the quay wall 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship mooring device having a knotting unit for knotting the tip of a mooring rope from a ship berthed on a quay, and in particular to small ships such as small fishing boats and pleasure boats having a fishing ground in the near sea. .

  Conventionally, this type of ship mooring device has a columnar ligature that protrudes upward from a base plate that is embedded and fixed on the quay, and the tip of the ligature is projected by a jaw that protrudes from the upper end to the sea side. An attempt is made to prevent unintentional detachment of the tied mooring rope (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-9-291519

  By the way, it is said that ships evacuated outside the harbor are basically desirable when a tsunami occurs in a ship that is tied to a tying part of a ship mooring device on a quay. However, small boats such as small fishing boats and pleasure boats that use the nearby sea as a fishing ground are often moored when a tsunami occurs because there are few crew members on board. On the other hand, large ships such as cargo ships tend to be easily evacuated outside the port because crew members often stay on board.

  In that case, when the board is embedded in the quay and firmly fixed as in the conventional ship mooring device, the length of the mooring rope of the moored small ship rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami. If you do, you may get over.

  At this time, if the mooring rope breaks, a small ship drifts, causing a disaster on land, such as coming into contact with a building on land or an escaped refugee. On the other hand, if the mooring rope does not break, the small ship will be drawn into the sea, sinking or overturning and becoming an obstacle in the port, and many small ships will be lost, and oil and fuel will flow out into the sea. Or the ocean is polluted, causing damage at sea.

  Therefore, when the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami, a ship mooring device is installed on a floating jetty etc. that rises as the sea level rises, and the tip of the mooring rope of the small ship is attached to the tying part of this ship mooring device As the sea level rises, the connection part of the ship mooring device is lifted together with the floating pier so that it does not exceed the length of the mooring rope. It is conceivable to effectively prevent the occurrence of disasters at sea due to the sinking or overturning of small ships.

However, the floating pier requires a large installation space on the sea surface because it is necessary to secure a space between the small vessels to be moored.
In addition, there is a problem that a large amount of money is required to install the floating pier and a large amount of money is required for maintenance.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is that it does not require an installation space on the sea surface, and the installation cost and the maintenance cost are reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a ship mooring device that can effectively prevent the occurrence of a disaster on land due to breakage and the occurrence of a disaster on the sea due to sinking or capsize of a small ship.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the solution provided by the present invention is provided with a knotting portion for knotting the tip of a mooring rope from a small vessel berthing on a quay as a vessel mooring device, and is balanced with gravity settling. A floating body having buoyancy and a tubular base provided on the quay and extending downward from the connection portion of the floating body, while holding the buoyancy of the floating body and rising to the abnormal height due to the tsunami A holding pipe for releasing the base by a pulling force from the small ship via the mooring rope; and a cord-like object housed in the holding pipe and having a tip connected to the base of the floating body. . And the said cord-like thing is set more than the length which deducted the height of the draft of the said small ship from the distance of the sea surface which rose to abnormal height, and the said quay.

  The small vessel preferably has a total tonnage of less than about 10 tons and a draft of less than about 1 m.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said holding | maintenance pipe is provided with the restraint part which confronts and restrains the base part of the said floating body from the sea side, and the guidance | induction part which guide | induces the base part of the said floating body to the anti-sea side.

  Further, the holding tube is formed by a tubular body made of cast iron, while the floating body is formed by a hollow body made of cast iron. And it is preferable to interpose the adhesion preventing member which prevents the adhesion of the both between the holding tube and the base of the floating body.

  It is preferable to provide a hollow jaw projecting substantially horizontally from the upper end of the tying portion of the floating body.

  In addition, a mooring ring may be provided in the tying portion of the floating body.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide a separation preventing member for preventing unexpected separation of the base of the floating body due to a pulling force through the mooring rope from the sea side to the floating body on the sea side of the floating body.

  On the other hand, the small ship is moored behind the breakwater facing the open ocean. And, on the open ocean side of the floating body where the base is held by the holding pipe provided on the breakwater, the base of the floating body by the wave force that runs around the breakwater against the floating body and acts from the inner sea on the back side A separation preventing member that prevents unexpected separation may be provided.

  Preferably, the separation preventing member permits the separation of the base portion of the floating body when a pulling force via the mooring rope acts from a substantially axial direction of the holding tube.

  Moreover, what is necessary is just to set the said floating body by which the base was hold | maintained at the said holding pipe in the said quay to the height substantially the same as the height of the draft of the said small vessel.

  Further, a plurality of the holding pipes are provided along the sea side of the quay, while the base of the floating body is individually held in each holding pipe. Auxiliary ropes are stretched between the tying parts of each floating body, and the tips of the mooring ropes from the small vessel are individually tied to a plurality of longitudinal directions of the auxiliary ropes. A mooring ring may be provided.

  Further, the floating body is caused by the pulling force so as to attenuate the pulling force via the mooring rope from the small ship that rises as the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to the buoyancy of the floating body and tsunami. There may be provided a length changing means for changing the length from the base portion in a stepwise manner.

  Then, the length changing means is provided with a plurality of short cords having a length shorter than that of the cords and different lengths from each other in stages, and each of the short cords up to an abnormal height is provided. The pulling force may be broken or disconnected stepwise in order of increasing length so as to attenuate the pulling force from the small vessel that rises as the sea level rises through the mooring rope.

  In addition, it is preferable that a substantially annular projection for guiding the flow of moisture from the upper part toward the holding tube to the distal end side is provided on the connecting portion of the floating body.

  In addition, it is preferable to provide a supply / exhaust hole at the lower end of the holding tube that allows water to be supplied and discharged from the holding tube.

  Further, the floating body may be formed such that the upper cross-sectional shape is larger than the lower cross-sectional shape.

  Further, an ultralight foam material that causes buoyancy to act on the floating body may be filled in the floating body.

  Furthermore, the outer surface shape of the holding tube may be formed in a substantially conical shape or a semi-spindle shape that tapers toward the upper end.

  In short, in short, the base of the floating body, in which the tip of the mooring rope from a small ship berthed on the quay, is tied to the tie, is held by the holding pipe on the quay, and the floating body is raised to the sea level up to an abnormal height due to its buoyancy and tsunami More than the length obtained by subtracting the draft of the small ship from the distance between the sea surface and the quay that has been lifted to the abnormal height by being pulled away from the holding pipe by the pulling force through the mooring rope from the small ship when ascending By connecting the base of the floating body to the holding pipe with a rope-like object, even if the length of the mooring rope of a moored small ship is exceeded when the sea level rises to an abnormal height by a tsunami, Supplemented by things. This prevents the mooring rope from breaking and prevents the small ship from drifting, and the small ship sinks or overturns and becomes an obstacle in the port and loses water from the sea due to oil and fuel spills. Contamination is also prevented. This eliminates the need for installation space on the surface of the sea like a floating pier, reduces installation costs and maintenance costs, generates disasters on land due to mooring rope breaks, and sinks small ships. It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of disasters at sea due to overturning.

  In addition, mooring ropes from small vessels when the floating body is lifted along with sea level rise to the abnormal height due to its buoyancy and tsunami by making the tonnage less than about 10 tons and draft less than about 1 m It can be smoothly detached from the holding tube by the pulling force via the.

  In addition, the holding pipe is provided with a restraining part that constrains and restrains the base of the floating body from the sea side, and a guiding part that guides the floating body to the anti-sea side, and restrains when the pulling force of a small vessel acts from the sea side. The base portion of the floating body is restrained from the sea side by the portion, and the separation from the holding tube can be effectively prevented. On the other hand, when the pulling force of the small boat is applied from the anti-sea side, the base portion of the floating body is guided by the guide portion and can be smoothly separated to the anti-sea side.

  In addition, the holding tube is formed by a tubular body made of cast iron, while the floating body is formed by a hollow body made of cast iron, and an adhesion preventing member for preventing the adhesion of the both is interposed between the holding tube and the base of the floating body. Thus, adhesion due to rust and the like is reliably prevented between the holding tube and the base of the floating body by the adhesion preventing member, and when the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to a tsunami, the base of the floating body is more smoothly detached from the holding tube be able to.

  By providing a chin protruding substantially horizontally from the upper end of the tying portion of the floating body, it is possible to reliably prevent the mooring rope tying the tip to the tying portion. Moreover, since the jaw is formed hollow, it can contribute to increasing the buoyancy of the floating body.

  In addition, by providing a mooring ring in the tying part of the floating body, it is possible to select the tying of the mooring rope from a small ship according to preference.

  In addition, a pulling force of a small vessel from the sea side is provided by providing a separation preventing member on the sea side of the floating body, which prevents an unexpected separation of the base of the floating body due to a pulling force via a mooring rope from the sea side to the floating body. When the sag acts, the detachment preventing member can reliably prevent the detachment of the base of the floating body from the holding part.

  On the other hand, a mooring rope is tied from the inland sea to the open ocean side of the floating body that holds the base to the holding pipe provided on the breakwater that moores the small ship behind the open ocean, preventing the unexpected departure of the base of the floating body By providing the prevention member, when the wave force acts from the inner sea behind the breakwater, the floating body is restrained by the separation preventing member, and the unexpected separation of the floating body from the holding pipe can be effectively prevented. On the other hand, when the pulling force of the small vessel acts from the inland sea side, which is on the anti-ocean side due to the tsunami, the mooring rope from the small vessel slips off the outer surface of the separation preventing member, and the mooring rope remains in the state of being tied. The base of the floating body can be smoothly detached from the holding tube to the inland sea side.

  Then, when the pulling force via the mooring rope acts from substantially the axial direction of the holding tube, the detachment prevention member allows the floating body to be detached, so that the mooring by the wave force from the lateral direction during normal mooring Even if the pulling force via the rope acts from a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the holding tube, the separation preventing member restricts the separation of the base of the floating body. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the base portion of the floating body from being accidentally detached from the holding tube by the wave force from the lateral direction during normal mooring.

  In addition, when the floating body whose base is held by the holding pipe on the quay is set to almost the same height as the draft of the small vessel, when the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami and the small vessel rides on the quay The base of the floating body can be smoothly detached from the holding tube.

  In addition, the bases of the floating bodies are individually held by a plurality of holding pipes provided along the sea side of the quay, and a small size is provided at a plurality of longitudinal positions of auxiliary ropes stretched between the connecting parts of the floating bodies. By providing a mooring ring that individually ties the tip of the mooring rope from the ship, the pulling force from each small ship when each floating body is lifted as the sea level rises to the abnormal height due to the tsunami Thus, it is possible to smoothly detach from each holding pipe and to prevent the occurrence of a disaster on land due to the breakage of the mooring rope and the occurrence of a disaster on the sea due to the sinking or overturning of each small ship at low cost.

  In addition, the length of the floating body from the base of the floating body is reduced by the pulling force so as to attenuate the pulling force through the mooring rope from the small ship that rises as the sea surface rises to the abnormal height due to the buoyancy of the floating body and the tsunami. By providing the length changing means for changing the height stepwise, the pulling force from the small ship through the mooring rope is attenuated every time the length of the cord-like object is changed stepwise by the pulling force. As a result, the drifting speed of small vessels drifting as the sea level rises due to the tsunami also slows down each time the length of the rope is changed, reducing damage caused by contact with the drifting small vessels. it can. In addition, the length of the ropes is changed in stages according to the sea level rise to the abnormal height due to the tsunami, thereby preventing drifting due to the useless ropes of the small ship.

  Then, pulling a plurality of short ropes that are shorter in length than the ropes and having different lengths from each other via a mooring rope from a small vessel that rises as the sea level rises to an abnormal height. By rupturing or releasing the connection step by step in order of increasing length so as to dampen the force, the length changing means can be easily constituted by a plurality of short cords, and the unnecessary length of a small vessel can be reduced. It is possible to prevent drifting by the cords.

  In addition, a substantially annular protrusion provided on the tying part of the floating body guides the moisture flow from the upper part of the tying part toward the holding tube to the tip side, thereby effectively intruding the moisture into the holding tube. Can be prevented.

  In addition, by providing a water supply / discharge hole at the lower end of the holding tube that allows water to be supplied to and discharged from the holding tube, the supply / discharge hole can be made to function as a drainage hole. It is possible to reliably discharge from the supply / discharge hole. In addition, the supply / discharge hole can be made to function as a seawater intake hole, and when the sea level rises due to a tsunami, moisture (seawater) can be taken into the holding pipe from the supply / discharge hole and the buoyancy to the floating body can be effectively applied.

  In addition, by forming the upper cross-sectional shape larger than the lower cross-sectional shape of the floating body, the floating body's buoyancy can be positioned above the center of gravity, and the floating body can float in a stable posture. Thus, the stability and restoration of the floating body can be achieved.

  In addition, by applying buoyancy to the floating body by the ultralight foam material filled inside the floating body, even if the floating body is damaged unexpectedly and the air inside leaks out, the buoyancy of the floating body is immediately impaired. The floating body can be floated by the buoyancy of the foam material.

  Furthermore, even if the mooring rope from a small vessel is tied near the lower end of the holding tube, the outer surface of the holding tube is formed into a substantially conical or semi-spindle shape that tapers as it goes to the upper end. The mooring rope is smoothly guided to the floating body along the outer surface shape of the holding pipe when the small vessel rises due to the sea level rise to the abnormal height due to, and reliably prevents the mooring rope from stopping on the holding pipe when a tsunami occurs can do.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which tied the front-end | tip of the mooring rope from a small ship to the tying part of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the floating body removed when the sea level rose by the tsunami from the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the floating body removed when the sea level rose by the tsunami from the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a rear view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 9 from the anti-sea side. It is a side view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 9 from the side. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a rear view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 12 from the opposite sea side. It is a side view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 12 from a side. It is a side view which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side in the state which attached the mooring ring to the outer surface of the floating body hold | maintained on the outer side of the holding pipe. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a rear view which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the anti-sea side. It is a side view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 17 from the side. It is a top view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 17 from upper direction. It is a side view which shows the state which the floating body removed from the holding tube of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a top view which shows the state which interposed the adhesion prevention member between the holding | maintenance pipe | tube and the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a rear view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 22 from the opposite sea side. It is a side view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 22 from the side. It is a top view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 22 from upper direction. It is a side view which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention from the side. It is a top view which shows the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 26 from upper direction. It is explanatory drawing explaining the state which prevents the unexpected detachment | leave of a floating body with respect to the holding | maintenance pipe | tube of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the state which prevents the unexpected detachment | leave of a floating body with respect to the holding tube of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the height of the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 1st-3rd embodiment, and the height of the draft of a small ship. It is a perspective view which shows the state which moored the several small ship on the auxiliary rope-like thing stretched between the floating bodies currently hold | maintained between the two holding pipes of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. is there. It is a top view which shows the state from which the floating body is hold | maintained at one holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining a position in the auxiliary rope-like object with respect to the connection part of one floating body of FIG. It is a side view which shows one holding pipe and the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 4th Embodiment from the side. It is a top view at the time of providing the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention in the mooring facility behind a breakwater. It is a side view which shows the holding pipe and floating body of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 35 from a side. It is sectional drawing which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention from the front. It is the top view seen from the state in the state which removed the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing shown from a side in the state provided with the detachment | leave prevention member of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 6th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the other modification of 6th Embodiment from the front. It is sectional drawing which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 7th Embodiment of this invention from the front. It is explanatory drawing explaining the length change means with which the ship mooring apparatus of FIG. 41 was equipped based on the relationship of the pulling force and drifting speed of a small ship with respect to the linear distance of a quay side eyeplate and a floating body side eyeplate. It is sectional drawing shown from the front in the state which provided the protrusion in the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is the bottom view which looked at the floating body of FIG. 43 from the downward direction. It is a front view which shows the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 9th Embodiment of this invention from the front. It is a front view which shows the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of 9th Embodiment from the front. It is sectional drawing shown from the front in the state provided with the detachment prevention member of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which looked at the holding tube from the state in the state which notched the base of the floating body of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the single stopper of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates typically the conditions of the slope of a stopper at the time of the protrusion of the detachment | leave prevention member of FIG. 47 sliding smoothly. It is sectional drawing which shows the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the modification of each embodiment of this invention from the front.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. In addition, the following embodiment is an example which actualized this invention, Comprising: It is not the thing of the character which limits the technical scope of this invention.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the tip of a mooring rope from a small vessel is tied to a knot portion of the vessel mooring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the floating body is detached when the sea level rises from the holding pipe of the ship mooring device due to a tsunami.

  In FIG. 1, the ship mooring device 1 includes a tying portion 10 for tying the tip of a mooring rope 21 from a small ship 2 that is in contact with a quay 3. In this case, the small boat 2 is intended for small fishing boats, pleasure boats and the like having a total tonnage of less than about 10 tons and a draft K of less than about 1 m.

  The tying portion 10 is integrally formed with a tubular base portion 11 extending downward from the tying portion 10, and is provided together with the base portion 11 on a floating body 12 made of a hollow body sealed with cast iron having a thickness of about 10 mm. It has been. The floating body 12 has a buoyancy in which the head has a diameter larger than that of the tying portion 10 and balances with sedimentation due to gravity.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ship mooring device 1 includes a bottomed cylindrical holding tube 13 whose bottom is fixed to the quay 3, and the base 11 of the floating body 12 is held by the holding tube 13. Has been. And the holding pipe 13 is formed in the internal diameter which can be inserted and hold | maintained through the base 11 of the floating body 12, and from the small ship 2 at the time of rising with the rise of the sea level S to the abnormal height by the buoyancy and tsunami of the floating body 12 The base 11 is separated by a pulling force via the mooring rope 21. In this case, the holding tube 13 is made of cast iron.

  Further, the ship mooring device 1 includes a chain 14 as a cord-like object, and this chain 14 is accommodated in the holding tube 13. The base end of the chain 14 is connected to an anchor member 31 that fixes the bottom of the holding tube 13 to the quay wall 3. The tip of the chain 14 is connected to the lower surface of the base 11 of the floating body 12. The chain 14 is set to have a length equal to or longer than the distance between the sea level S that has risen to an abnormal height and the quay 3 minus the height of the draft K of the small vessel 2.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, even if the length of the mooring rope 21 of the moored small vessel 2 exceeds when the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami, it is compensated by the chain 14. For this reason, the small ship 2 is prevented from drifting without breaking the mooring rope 21, and the small ship 2 is sunk or overturned and lost as an obstacle in the port, or oil or fuel spills into the sea. Sea pollution due to water is also prevented. This eliminates the need for an installation space on the sea surface S like a floating pier, reduces installation costs and maintenance costs, generates a disaster on the ground due to the breaking of the mooring rope 21, and small ships. It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of disasters at sea due to the sinking and overturning of No. 2.

  Further, by targeting small fishing boats and pleasure boats with a total tonnage of less than about 10 tons and a draft of less than about 1 m as the small boat 2, the floating body 12 can be increased in sea level S to an abnormal height due to its buoyancy and tsunami. It can be smoothly detached from the holding tube 13 by the pulling force via the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 when it is lifted.

  In the present embodiment, the bottom of the holding pipe 13 is fixed to the quay 3 by the anchor member 31, but as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the holding pipe of the ship mooring device 61 is provided in the recess 32 provided in the quay 3. The upper end of 612 may be embedded so as to be flush with each other, and the base 11 at the bottom of the floating body 611 may be inserted and held in the holding tube 612. At this time, since the base portion 11 of the floating body 611 extends downward and the contact area with the inner peripheral surface of the holding pipe 612 is expanded, the floating body 611 is less likely to be detached from the holding pipe 612 during storm surges or waves. However, when the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to a tsunami, it smoothly leaves. Further, since the tying portion 10 at the upper part of the floating body 611 is exposed above the holding pipe 612, the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 is very easy to tie.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the floating body 621 with respect to the inner peripheral surfaces of the holding pipes 622 and 632 of the ship mooring devices 62 and 63 embedded in the recess 32 provided in the quay 3 so that the upper ends thereof are flush with each other. , 631 may be inserted with a gap P of about 10 mm between the outer peripheral surface of the base 11 at the bottom. In this case, a floating body 621 (see FIG. 6) in which the ligating portion 10 is exposed above the holding tube 622, or a floating body 631 having a mooring ring 15 as a linking portion on the upper surface substantially flush with the holding tube 632. (See FIG. 7), even when connected to the anchor member 31 by the chain 14, the floating bodies 621 and 631 are formed to have a very large diameter (for example, about 400 mm) to obtain high buoyancy. It is also possible to function as.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, the shapes of the holding tube and the base of the floating body are changed. The other configurations except the holding tube and the base of the floating body are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. FIG. 8: has shown sectional drawing which shows the state by which the floating body is hold | maintained at the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the holding pipe 16 of the ship mooring device 64 is embedded in the recess 32 provided in the quay 3 so that the upper end slightly protrudes. The inside of the holding pipe 16 is annularly divided by an inner pipe 161, and seawater from a higher place than the normal sea level S is taken into the annular compartment 162 via the communication path 163. . In addition, a plurality of air holes 164 are formed at the upper end of the holding pipe 16, and when the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to a tsunami, the head of seawater that has entered the partition 162 through the communication path 163 is formed. I try to rise.

  Further, the head of the floating body 641 has a diameter larger than that of the base 11 and is placed on the upper end opening 165 of the annular partition 162 so as to close the upper end opening 165. Thereby, when the floating body 641 is lifted as the sea level S rises to the abnormal height due to the buoyancy and tsunami of the floating body 641 that acts positively by the rise of the water head from the upper end opening 165 of the partitioning section 162 with respect to the head of the floating body 641 The base 11 of the floating body 641 can be smoothly detached from the holding pipe 16 by the pulling force from the small ship 2 through the mooring rope 21.

  And the restraint part 41 which confronts and restrains the base 11 of the floating body 641 from the sea side is provided in the substantially semicircular part located in the sea side of the inner tube 161. At this time, the restraint portion 41 is formed on the sea side of the base portion 11 of the floating body 641 formed in the same direction in the vertical direction by forming a substantially semicircular portion located on the sea side of the inner tube 161 in the vertical direction. With the gap P of about 10 mm facing the substantially half-circular portion that is located, and when the tensile force of the small vessel 2 acts from the sea side, the restraint portion 41, that is, the substantially half-circular portion located on the sea side of the inner pipe 161 The base 11 of the floating body 641 is restrained from the sea side, and can be effectively prevented from detaching from the holding tube 16.

  In addition, a guide portion 42 that guides the base portion 11 of the floating body 641 to the anti-sea side is provided in a substantially semicircular portion located on the anti-sea side of the inner tube 161. At this time, the guiding portion 42 gradually decreases the diameter of the substantially semicircular portion located on the anti-sea side of the inner pipe 161 toward the lower end, and similarly, the base portion of the floating body 641 that gradually decreases in diameter toward the lower end. There is a gap P of about 10 mm between the substantially half-circular portion located on the anti-sea side of 11 and when the pulling force of the small boat 2 acts from the anti-sea side by the tsunami, The base 11 can be guided along the inner pipe 161 of the holding pipe 16 and can be smoothly detached to the anti-sea side.

  In the present embodiment, a guide portion 42 is provided in a substantially half-circular portion located on the anti-sea side of the inner pipe 161, and the guide portion 42 is made to be opposite to the base portion 11 of the floating body 641 whose diameter is gradually reduced toward the lower end. Although the diameter of the substantially half-circumferential portion located on the anti-sea side of the inner pipe 161 was gradually decreased in a similar manner so that a gap P of about 10 mm exists between the substantially half-circular portion located on the sea side, FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, a guide portion 43 is provided at the upper part of a substantially half-circumferential portion of the holding pipe 652 that holds the base 11 of the floating body 651 of the marine mooring device 65 having the mooring ring 15 on the upper surface from the outside. It may be done. This guiding portion 43 is cut out like a “saw” which is a cut end of a bamboo, and when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the anti-sea side by the tsunami, the base portion 11 of the floating body 651 is held by the holding tube 652 by the guiding portion 43. It can be guided smoothly from the excised portion and can be smoothly separated to the anti-sea side.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a restraining portion 44 is provided on the anti-sea side of the holding pipe 662 that holds the base portion 11 of the floating body 661 of the ship mooring device 66 having the mooring ring 15 on the upper surface. On the other hand, the guiding portion 45 may be provided on the sea side. The holding pipe 662 is cut off with the anti-sea side higher than the sea side like “bamboo” that is a cut end of bamboo, and when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the sea side, the restraining portion 44, that is, the holding pipe 662 is held. The base 11 of the floating body 661 is restrained from the anti-sea side by the high portion located on the anti-sea side of the tube 662, and the separation from the holding tube 662 can be effectively prevented. In addition, when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the anti-sea side by the tsunami, the base portion 11 of the floating body 661 is guided from the sea side lower than the anti-sea side of the holding pipe 662 by the guide portion 45 and smoothly moves to the anti-sea side. Can be removed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, as a tying portion for routing a wire rope 5 (see FIG. 31), which will be described later, to the lower end of the base 11 of each floating body 661 (only one is shown in FIG. 33) of the ship mooring device 66. A tie ring 52 may be attached.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 16, by integrally providing a hollow jaw 17 that protrudes substantially horizontally from the upper end of the tying portion 10 of the floating body 671 of the ship mooring device 67 toward the sea side, the tying portion is provided. It is also possible to reliably prevent the mooring rope 21 having the tip tied to the tip 10 from coming off. Since the jaw 17 is formed hollow, it contributes to increasing the buoyancy of the floating body 671. In this case, the floating body 671 is held by the holding pipe 672 divided into the sea side and the anti-sea side, and the bulky restraint portion 46 formed in a substantially semicircular arc shape on the sea side of the holding pipe 672. When the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the sea side, the entire floating body 671 is restrained from the sea side to effectively prevent the floating body 671 from detaching from the holding pipe 672, while the abbreviation of the holding pipe 672 on the anti-sea side. The low-bulk guide portion 47 formed in a semicircular arc shape allows the base portion 11 of the floating body 671 to be smoothly detached to the anti-sea side.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 17-19, the ship mooring apparatus 68 has the restraining part 44 in the anti-sea side of the holding pipe 682 which hold | maintains the base 11 of the floating body 681 provided with the mooring ring 15 on the upper surface. On the other hand, the guide portion 45 is provided on the sea side, and a bulky detachment prevention member 48 made of cast iron that covers the semicircular arc portion of the floating body 681 from the outside is provided. Good. In this case, when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the sea side, the entire floating body 681 is restrained from the sea side by the separation preventing member 48 and also restrained from the anti-sea side by the restraining portion 44 of the holding pipe 682. While the floating body 681 is effectively prevented from detaching from the holding pipe 682, the base portion 11 of the floating body 681 is connected to the holding pipe 682 by the guiding portion 45 when a pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the anti-sea side by the tsunami. It is guided from the sea side lower than the anti-sea side and can be smoothly separated to the anti-sea side.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, the ship mooring device 69 has a proximal end of the wire rope 18 as a cord-like object having a distal end connected to the lower surface of the base 11 of the floating body 691 held by the holding pipe 692, the anchor member 31, and the like. A coil spring 33 may be connected between the two. In this case, a large impact on the anchor member 31 when the pulling force of the small boat 2 is applied from the anti-sea side by the tsunami is mitigated, which is very advantageous in implementation.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the adhesion between the 701 and 48 is prevented between the sea-side semicircular arc portion of the floating body 701 held by the holding tube 702 of the ship mooring device 70 and the separation preventing member 48. A substantially semi-annular gap member 34 as an adhesion preventing member may be interposed. As the gap material 34, elastite or the like is applied. In this case, adhesion due to rust or the like is reliably prevented between the floating body 701 and the separation preventing member 48 by the gap member 34, and when the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to a tsunami, the floating body 701 is smoothly removed from the separation preventing member 48. Can be removed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 22 to 25, an unintentional detachment of the mooring rope 21 whose tip is tied to the tying portion 10 on the head of the floating body 711 held by the holding pipe 712 of the ship mooring device 71 is prevented. Protrusions 19, 19,... May be provided. Each projection 19 projects in the sea side opposite to the jaw 17 projecting on the anti-sea side and in the left-right direction perpendicular to the jaw 17, and secures the tied state of the tip of the mooring rope 21. Yes. In this case, it is possible to reliably prevent the unexpected detachment of the mooring rope 21 from the tying portion 10 of the floating body 711.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the shape of the auxiliary restraint portion is changed. FIG. 26 is a side view showing a state in which a floating body is held by a holding tube of a ship mooring apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 27 is a plan view showing the ship mooring apparatus from above. 28 is an explanatory view for explaining a state in which the floating body is prevented from being unexpectedly detached from the holding tube of the ship mooring apparatus by a separation preventing member, and FIG. 29 is a state in which the floating body is prevented from being unexpectedly detached from the holding pipe of the ship mooring apparatus. An explanatory diagram to be described is shown.

  That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, the sea side of the floating body 721 of the ship mooring device 72 is made of cast iron that covers the semicircular arc-shaped portion of the floating body 721 from the outside. A bulky separation preventing member 35 having a substantially semicircular arc shape is provided. The separation preventing member 35 includes bent pieces 351 and 351 that are bent obliquely upward from the upper end toward the sea side. In addition, the holding tube 722 is opposed to the substantially semicircular portion located on the anti-sea side of the base 11 of the floating body 721 from the inside. Then, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, when the floating body 721 tilts to the sea side due to the pulling force of the small vessel 2 from the sea side, the upper end of the substantially semicircular portion located on the sea side of the floating body 721 is detached. In addition to contacting the bent pieces 351 and 351 of the prevention member 35, the lower end of the base 11 of the floating body 721 contacts the substantially half-circumferential part of the holding tube 722 on the anti-sea side, and the inclination of the floating body 721 is the sea side. Therefore, separation from the holding tube 722 can be effectively prevented.

  In addition, a guide portion 42 that guides the base portion 11 of the floating body 721 to the anti-sea side is provided at the sea side end of the holding tube 722, and when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the anti-sea side by the tsunami, the guide portion 42 allows the base 11 of the floating body 721 to be guided along the sea side end of the holding tube 722 and smoothly disengaged to the anti-sea side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 30, the height H of the floating body 741 of the ship mooring device 74 held on the quay 3 may be set to be substantially the same as the height H1 of the draft K of the small ship 2. . In this case, when the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami and the small vessel 2 rides on the quay 3, the base 11 of the floating body 741 can be smoothly detached from the holding pipe.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, a plurality of small ships are moored on auxiliary ropes stretched between mooring rings of two ship mooring devices. The other configurations except for the auxiliary rope are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. FIG. 31 shows a state in which a plurality of small ships are moored on auxiliary ropes stretched between floating bodies held by two holding pipes of a ship mooring apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. A perspective view is shown.

  That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 31, the holding pipes 632 and 632 that individually hold the two floating bodies 631 and 631 of the ship mooring device 63 are spaced apart from each other along the sea side of the quay 3. Two are provided apart. A wire rope 5 as an auxiliary rope-like object is stretched between the mooring rings 15 and 15 of each floating body 631. At four positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 5, mooring rings 51, 51,... For individually tying the tips of the mooring ropes 21 from the small ship 2 are provided.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the base portions 11 of the floating bodies 631 and 631 are individually held by the two holding pipes 632 and 632 provided along the sea side of the quay 3 and the mooring rings 15 and 15 of the floating bodies 631 are connected to each other. .. Are provided at four positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 5 stretched between them. The mooring rings 51, 51,... For individually tying the tips of the mooring ropes 21 from the small vessel 2 are provided. Is smoothly detached from each holding pipe 632 by the pulling force from each small ship 2 when it rises with the rise of the sea level S to the abnormal height due to the tsunami, and the mooring rope 21 breaks on the land Suppress the occurrence of disasters and disasters at sea due to the sinking or overturning of each small ship 2, and two holding pipes 632, 632 can handle multiple small ships 2, 2,. Prevention It can be.

  In the present embodiment, the wire rope 5 is stretched between the mooring rings 15 and 15 of the floating bodies 631, but the jaws 17 are projected to the anti-sea side as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33. The wire rope 5 may be stretched between the tying portions 10 of the floating body 731 of the ship mooring device 73 (only one is shown in FIGS. 32 and 33). The wire rope 5 is tied in a state including a separation preventing member 48 that covers the sea-side semicircular arc portion of the floating body 731 from the outside.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 34, both ends of the separation preventing member 49 are viewed from the side so that the area of the separation preventing member 49 that covers the semicircular arc-shaped portion of the floating body 731 from the outside increases toward the lower end. It may be inclined at. Thus, even when the mooring method as shown in FIG. 31 is adopted, when the wire rope 5 is pulled up as shown in FIG. 33 by the pulling force from the small ship 2 from the anti-sea side at the time of the tsunami, The floating body 731 can be detached.

  In the fourth embodiment, mooring rings 51, 51,... Are provided at four positions in the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 5 between the mooring rings 15 and 15 of the floating bodies 631, but the mooring rings of the floating bodies 631 are provided. As long as there are a plurality of mooring rings provided in the longitudinal direction of the wire rope stretched between them, any number may be provided.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, a ship mooring device is provided at the mooring facility behind the breakwater. FIG. 35 is a plan view when a ship mooring apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is installed in a mooring facility behind a breakwater, and FIG. 36 is a side view showing a holding pipe and a floating body of the ship mooring apparatus from the side. Each is shown.

  That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 35, the ship mooring facility 75 for individually mooring a plurality of small ships 2, 2... Is an inland sea U behind the breakwater 81 that prevents waves from the open ocean G. Is installed. In this case, since the tsunami generated in the open ocean G gets over the breakwater 81 and acts on the small vessel 2, the ship mooring device 75 behind the breakwater 81 changes the direction in which the separation preventing member 48 and the jaws 17 of the floating body 751 are provided. ing. In the marine vessel mooring device 76 on the quay 3 behind the breakwater 81, the direction in which the separation preventing member and the floating jaw are provided is the same as in the above embodiments.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 36, the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 moored behind the breakwater 81 extends from the inland sea U toward the open ocean G side (sea side) which is the breakwater 81 side. . For this reason, the separation preventing member 48 that covers the sea-side semicircular arc portion of the floating body 751 of the marine mooring device 75 is provided not on the inland sea U side of the floating body 751, but around the breakwater 81 with respect to the floating body 751. The base of the floating body 751 from the holding pipe due to the wave force acting from the inner sea U on the back side is prevented. Further, the jaw 17 of the floating body 751 protrudes substantially horizontally toward the inland sea U side rather than the open ocean G side. At this time, the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 is tied to the tying portion 10 of the floating body 751 together with the separation preventing member 48. Thereby, when the wave force is applied from the inner sea U behind the breakwater 81, the floating body 751 can be restrained by the separation preventing member 48 to effectively prevent the unexpected separation from the holding pipe. On the other hand, when the pulling force of the small vessel 2 acts from the inland sea U side, which is the anti-ocean ocean G side, due to the tsunami, the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 slides off the outer surface of the separation preventing member 48 and the mooring rope 21 is removed. The base 11 of the floating body 751 can be smoothly detached from the holding tube to the inland sea U side in the connected state.

  In each of the above embodiments, the floating body 12,611,621,631,641,651,661,671,681,691,701,711,721,731,741,751, the holding tube 13,612,622, 632, 16, 652, 662, 672, 682, 692, 712, 722 and detachment preventing members 35, 48, 49 are each formed of cast iron, but steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, stainless steel, etc., or alloys thereof May be formed.

  Further, in another modification of the second embodiment, the gap member 34 is interposed between the sea-side semicircular arc-shaped portion of the floating body 701 and the separation preventing member 48. A gap material as an adhesion preventing member may be interposed therebetween to prevent the adhesion between the two.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the shape of the ship mooring device is changed. FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a ship mooring apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention from the front, and FIG. 38 is a plan view seen from above with the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus removed.

  That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, the ship mooring device 82 includes a substantially cylindrical holding tube 821 and a floating body 822. The holding tube 821 is erected on a substantially disc-shaped support plate 823 fixed to the quay wall 3. Supply and discharge holes 824 and 824 that enable supply and discharge of moisture to and from the holding pipe 821 by forming gaps with the support plate 823 at four circumferentially spaced intervals at the lower end of the holding pipe 821. ... is provided. Accordingly, each supply / discharge hole 824 can function as a drain hole, and moisture that has entered the holding tube 821 can be reliably discharged from each supply / discharge hole 824.

  Further, the base 11 of the floating body 822 is formed with a small diameter so as to be accommodated in a loosely fitted state with a gap 820 with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821. The head of the floating body 822 is formed, that is, expanded in diameter so that the cross-sectional shape is larger than the cross-sectional shape of the base 11 above the holding tube 821. At this time, each supply / discharge hole 824 can also function as a seawater intake hole. When the sea level S rises due to a tsunami, moisture (seawater) is taken into the holding pipe 821 from each supply / discharge hole 824 to increase the buoyancy with respect to the floating body 822. It can work effectively. As a result, the buoyancy of the floating body 822 that positively lifts the base 11 from the holding pipe 821 and the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 when lifted with the rise of the sea level S to the abnormal height due to the tsunami The base 11 of the floating body 822 can be smoothly detached from the holding tube 821 by the pulling force.

  Further, a quayside eye plate 825 for fixing one end of a chain (not shown) to the support plate 823 is attached to the center portion of the support plate 823. On the other hand, a floating body-side eye plate 826 that fixes the other end of the chain to the floating body 822 is attached to the lower surface of the floating body 822 that faces the support plate 823.

  In this embodiment, the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating body side eye plate 826 are fixed via a chain. However, as shown in FIG. 39, the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating body side eye plate 826 are detached. It may be connected via an end-like annular clip ring 827 having a free end as a prevention member. The clip ring 827 is fixed to the quay side eye plate 825 by welding or the like so that the free end thereof is always directed upward (floating body side eye plate 826 side), and the pulling force via the mooring rope 21 is applied to the holding tube 821. It deforms and opens only when acting from substantially the axial direction (substantially up and down direction), and allows the base 11 of the floating body 822 to be detached from the holding tube 821. For this reason, the clip ring 827 can be applied even when a pulling force via the mooring rope 21 due to a wave force from the lateral direction during normal mooring acts from the lateral direction (left-right direction in the drawing) substantially orthogonal to the axis of the holding tube 821. Is maintained in the closed state, and the detachment of the base 11 of the floating body 822 is restricted. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the base 11 of the floating body 822 from being accidentally detached from the holding tube 821 due to the wave force from the lateral direction during normal mooring.

  In the present embodiment, the base 11 of the floating body 822 is accommodated in a loosely fitted state with a gap 820 with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821. However, as shown in FIG. A substantially tubular FRP cushioning material 829 that cushions contact with the other is attached to either the outer circumferential surface or the inner circumferential surface of the holding tube 821, and the base 11 of the floating body 822 is attached to the cushioning material 829 via the cushioning material 829. It may be in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821. In this case, even if the tensile force via the mooring rope 21 due to the wave force from the lateral direction during normal mooring acts from the lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the holding tube 821, the mooring rope 21 from the lateral direction is The shock caused by the contact of the base 11 of the floating body 822 with the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821 due to the pulling force can be buffered by the buffer material 829. On the other hand, when the pulling force via the mooring rope 21 acts from substantially the axial direction of the holding tube 821, the base 11 of the floating body 822 slides smoothly from the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821 via the cushioning material 829 and is detached. Thus, the base 11 of the floating body 822 can be smoothly detached from the holding tube 821. Note that the cushioning material 829 does not have to have a substantially tubular shape, and may have a shape that fills the gap 820 while avoiding mutual contact (direct contact) between the base 11 of the floating body 822 and the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 821. The cushioning material may be divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction.

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the configuration of the ship mooring device is changed. FIG. 41 is a sectional view showing a ship mooring device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention from the front, and FIG. 42 is an explanatory view for explaining length changing means provided on a wire rope of the ship mooring device. .

  That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 41, the ship mooring device 83 is a wire rope as a cord-like object having a base end connected to the quayside eye plate 825 and a tip connected to the floating body side eyeplate 826. 830. Further, the ship mooring device 83 is lifted from the base 11 of the floating body 822 by the pulling force T via the mooring rope 21 from the small ship 2 that rises with the buoyancy of the floating body 822 and the sea level S rising to an abnormal height due to the tsunami. Length changing means 831 for changing the length stepwise is provided. As shown in FIG. 42, the length changing unit 831 includes two first and second short ropes 832 and 833 (short cord-like objects) that are shorter than the wire rope 830. The first and second short ropes 832 and 833 are so fragile that they are broken by the pulling force T1 acting through the mooring rope 21 from the small ship 2 that rises as the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami. Things are used.

  Of the wire rope 830 and the first and second short ropes 832 and 833, the wire rope 830 has a length of 15 m, the first short rope 832 has a length of 10 m, and the second short rope 833 has a length of 5 m. Is set. The first and second short ropes 832 and 833 are stepwise different from each other every 5 m, and the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 that rises as the sea level S rises to an abnormal height. Due to the pulling force T <b> 1, the second short rope 833 and the first short rope 832 are broken in stages in order of short length.

  Specifically, the second short rope 833 is broken by the pulling force T1 that acts abruptly when the small ship 2 drifts and the linear distance L between the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating body side eye plate 826 is 5 m away. In addition, the drift velocity V (shown by a solid line in FIG. 42) of the small vessel 2 is greatly reduced. At this time, the pulling force T of the first short rope 832 hardly acts, and the drift velocity V of the small vessel 2 gradually increases. Then, when the linear distance L between the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating body side eye plate 826 is 10 m away, the first short rope 832 is broken by the pulling force T1 that acts abruptly on the first short rope 832, and is small. The drifting speed V of the ship 2 is greatly reduced.

  In this way, by gradually breaking the second and first short ropes 833 and 832 in the order of the short length, the tensile force T from the small vessel 2 via the mooring rope 21 is attenuated. Since the linear distance L between the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating body side eye plate 826 is changed stepwise by the pulling force T, damage caused by contact with the drifting small vessel 2 can be reduced. Moreover, the linear distance between the quay side eye plate 825 and the floating side eye plate 826 is caused by the breakage of the second and first short ropes 833 and 832 having different lengths every 5 m in accordance with the rise of the sea level S to the abnormal height due to the tsunami. By changing L in stages, the length changing means 831 can be easily configured by the two first and second short ropes 832 and 833 having different lengths. Drifting due to the wire rope 830 can be prevented.

  In the present embodiment, the first and second short ropes 832 and 833 are sequentially broken when the pulling force T1 is applied from the small vessel 2 through the mooring rope 21, but the pulling force T1 is applied. At this time, one of both ends of the first and second short ropes may be disconnected from the quay side eye plate or the floating body side eye plate. Further, the length changing means 831 is constituted by the two first and second short ropes 832 and 833, but the length changing means is constituted by three or more short ropes (short cord-like objects) having different lengths. May be.

Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the configuration of the ship mooring device is changed. FIG. 43 is a sectional view showing the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus according to the eighth embodiment from the front in the state where the floating body is provided, and FIG. 44 shows a bottom view of the floating body viewed from below.

That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 43 and 44, the floating body 851 is formed from a disk-shaped connecting piece 852 that connects the outer peripheral surface of the floating body 851 of the ship mooring device 85 and the outer peripheral surface of the base 11 substantially horizontally. Further, a protrusion 853 having a substantially triangular cross section whose tip protrudes downward concentrically with the base 11 extends in the circumferential direction and is formed in an annular shape. As a result, the flow of moisture from the upper part of the tying portion 10 toward the holding tube 821 through the connecting piece 852 is guided to the tip side (lower end side) of the protrusion 853, and the flow of moisture into the holding tube 821 is caused. Intrusion can be effectively prevented.
At this time, when the mooring rope 21 pulls the floating body 851 upward by a pulling force from the small vessel 2, the mooring rope 21 comes into contact with the protrusion 853 and an unnecessary breaking force acts on the mooring rope 21. It is preferable to use a material such as synthetic rubber or soft resin that is more flexible than metal.

Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, the structure of the floating body of the ship mooring device is changed. FIG. 45: has shown the front view which shows the floating body of the ship mooring apparatus based on the 9th Embodiment of this invention from the front.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 45, the floating body 861 of the ship mooring device 86 is formed in a semi-spindle shape that tapers toward the lower end, and is located above the transverse cross-sectional shape of the base 862 located at the lower part. The cross-sectional shape of the portion 863 is large. Thus, in the floating body 861 in which the cross-sectional shape of the head portion 863 is larger than the cross-sectional shape of the base portion 862, the buoyancy center X can be positioned above the center of gravity Y. The posture can be quickly restored without reversing the top and bottom, so that the floating body 861 can be floated in a stable posture, and the stability of the floating body 861 and the restoration of the posture can be achieved.

  In this embodiment, the floating body 861 is tapered toward the lower end to form a semi-spindle shape in which the upper cross-sectional shape is larger than the lower cross-sectional shape. However, as shown in FIG. A floating body 871 of the mooring device 87 connects a substantially cylindrical head portion 872, a base portion 873 having a substantially conical cylindrical shape having a slightly smaller diameter toward the lower side, and a head portion 872 and a base portion 873. A connecting portion 874 having a substantially conical cylindrical shape that decreases in diameter toward the side is provided, and the cross-sectional shape of the head 872 is twice or more larger in diameter than the cross-sectional shape of the base 873. Thus, in the floating body 871 in which the cross-sectional shape of the head 872 is dramatically larger than the cross-sectional shape of the base portion 873, the buoyancy center X can be positioned further above the center of gravity Y. When floating, the posture can be quickly restored without reversing the top and bottom, so that the floating body 871 can be floated in a stable posture, and the stability of the floating body 871 and the restoration of the posture can be further improved.

Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the configuration of the ship mooring device is changed. FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view showing the ship mooring device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention from the front with the detachment preventing member, and FIG. 48 is a view of the holding tube in a state where the base of the floating body is cut away. 49 is an enlarged view of the single stopper of FIG. 48, and FIG. 50 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the conditions of the slope of the stopper when the protrusion of the separation preventing member slides smoothly. Yes.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 47 to 49, the floating body 881 of the ship mooring device 88 includes a substantially cylindrical head 882, a substantially cylindrical base 883 having a smaller diameter than the head, a head 882, and a base 883, and a connecting portion 884 having a substantially conical cylindrical shape that decreases in diameter toward the base portion 883. The cross-sectional shape of the head 882 is approximately twice the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the base portion 883. It is getting bigger.

  Further, the outer surface shape of the holding tube 89 is formed in a substantially conical shape that tapers toward the upper end. Thereby, even if the mooring rope 21 from the small vessel 2 is tied to the vicinity of the lower end of the holding pipe 89, the mooring rope 21 is moved when the small vessel 2 rises as the sea level S rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami. Smoothly guided to the base 883 of the floating body 881 along the outer surface of the holding pipe 89, it is possible to reliably prevent a problem that the mooring rope 21 stops on the holding pipe 89 when a tsunami occurs.

  On the other hand, the inner surface shape of the holding tube 89 is formed to have a uniform diameter whose diameter does not change in the vertical direction. Further, on the inner surface of the holding tube 89, a separation preventing member 90 that allows the base 883 of the floating body 881 to be detached when a pulling force via the mooring rope 21 acts from substantially the axial direction (vertical direction) of the retaining tube 89. Is provided. Even in this case, the holding tube 89 is formed of cast iron.

  The detachment preventing member 90 includes stoppers 901 and 901 (only two locations are shown in FIG. 47) made of cast iron protruding from the four locations on the inner surface of the holding tube 89 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction to the base 883 side of the floating body 881. Round pin-like protrusions 902, 902, and 902 (only three places are shown in FIG. 47) projecting toward the holding tube 89 from four places at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the base 883 (outer surface) of the floating body 881. I have. Each protrusion 902 is made of cast iron, like the floating body 881. The base 883 of the floating body 881 is held by the holding tube 89 with the connecting portion 884 in contact with the upper end of the holding tube 89 during normal mooring. At this time, the floating body 881 in which buoyancy is generated rotates counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and rotates clockwise in the southern hemisphere due to the Coriolis force due to the rotation of the earth, and thus rotates counterclockwise in Japan located in the northern hemisphere. Is known.

  In addition, a guide surface 903 that individually guides each protrusion 902 when buoyancy is generated in the floating body 881 is provided on one side surface in the circumferential direction of each stopper 901. The guide surface 903 has upper and lower end portions extending in a substantially vertical direction and an intermediate portion connecting the upper and lower end portions with an inclination, and the upper end portion is displaced counterclockwise from the lower end portion. Further, a projecting piece 904 projects toward the base 883 side of the floating body 881 at a corresponding position of the holding tube 89 corresponding to the lower end of the guide surface 903 on the other side in the circumferential direction. The base 883 of the floating body 881 is held in a loosely fitted state with respect to the inner peripheral surface of each stopper 901 of the holding tube 89, and the tip of each protrusion 902 is also the same as the inner peripheral surface of the holding tube 89. It is held with a gap. Thereby, each protrusion 902 of the base 883 of the floating body 881 can be reliably restrained between the lower end of the guide surface 903 and the protruding piece 904 during normal mooring. On the other hand, when the buoyancy is generated in the floating body 881, it is smoothly guided along the guide surface 903 of the holding tube 89 along with the floating body 881 that rotates counterclockwise. It can be removed smoothly.

  Here, the condition of the intermediate portion (slope) of the guide surface 903 of each stopper 901 when each projection 902 of the separation preventing member 90 slides smoothly will be described.

As shown in FIG. 50, assuming that the buoyancy of the floating body 881 is P, the number of stoppers 901 is a, and the friction coefficient between each protrusion 902 and the guide surface 903 of the stopper 901 is B, each protrusion 902 runs up the guide surface 903. The force Q is
Q = P / a · cos θ
The frictional resistance t between each projection 902 and the guide surface 903 of the stopper 901 is
t = B · P / a · sinθ
It becomes.

Next, the number a of the stoppers 901 and the inclination angle θ of the intermediate portion of the guide surface 903 are obtained so that the force Q at which each protrusion 902 runs up the guide surface 903 is larger than the frictional resistance force t (Q> t). . At this time, in order to prevent malfunction of the separation preventing member 90, it is necessary to increase the inclination angle θ of the intermediate portion of the guide surface 903 as much as possible.
Therefore, P / a · cos θ> B · P / a · sin θ
= Cosθ> B · sinθ
= Tan θ <1 / B

  As a result, the inclination angle θ of the intermediate portion of the guide surface 903 is independent of the buoyancy P of the floating body 881 and the number a of the stoppers 901, and is governed by the friction coefficient B between each protrusion 902 and the guide surface 903 of the stopper 901. It can be seen that

  Next, considering the friction coefficient B between each protrusion 902 and the guide surface 903 of the stopper 901, the friction coefficient B between irons is generally 0.52. Moreover, if the friction coefficient B is about 0.3 to 0.4, there is a document in which the friction coefficient B is 0.2 if the surfaces are considerably polished. However, the friction coefficient B is affected by the material of the contact surfaces, the presence or absence of a lubricant such as oil, and the surface roughness.

Therefore, when the friction coefficient B is calculated as 0.52 (0.4),
tan θ <1 / 0.52 (1 / 0.4)
= Tan θ <1.923 (2.5)
The inclination angle θ of the intermediate portion of the guide surface 903 is θ <62.5 ° (68.2 °).
In view of the safety of floating of the floating body 881, it is understood that the inclination angle θ should be 60 ° or less at maximum.

  In the present embodiment, the outer shape of the holding tube 89 is formed in a substantially conical shape that tapers toward the upper end, but may be formed in a semi-spindle shape or a pyramid shape.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although air was sealed inside the floating body 12,611-751,822,851-881 of the ship mooring apparatuses 1,61-76,82-83,85-88, FIG. As shown, the inside of the floating body 822 may be filled with a foam material 92 such as ultra-lightweight urethane foam that causes buoyancy to act on the floating body 822. In this case, even if the floating body 822 is accidentally damaged and internal air leaks out, the buoyancy of the floating body 822 is not immediately impaired, and the floating body 822 can be floated by the buoyancy of the foam material 92. At this time, the foam material 92 does not need to be filled in the interior of the floating body 822 without any gaps, and any shape may be used as long as the filler is set to a size that does not escape from the damaged portion of the floating body 822. The gap between the fillers may be any size as long as the filler capable of floating the floating body 822 is filled.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, the floating body 12,611-751,822,851-881 of the ship mooring apparatuses 1,61-76,82-83,85-88, and the holding | maintenance pipe | tube 13,612-632,652-692 712, 722, 821 and 89 are made of cast iron, but at least the floating body may be made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, or a synthetic resin such as FRP.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship mooring apparatus 10 Knotting part 11 Base 12 Floating body 13 Holding pipe 14 Chain (Rope)
15 Mooring ring (knotting part)
18 Wire rope
2 Small vessel 21 Mooring rope 3 Quay 34 Gap material (adhesion prevention member)
35 Detachment prevention member 351 Bending piece 41 Restraint part 44 Restraint part 46 Restraint part 48 Detachment prevention member 49 Detachment prevention member 42 Guide part 43 Guide part 45 Guide part 47 Guide part 5 Wire rope (auxiliary rope)
51 Mooring ring 52 Knot ring (knot part)
61 Ship Mooring Device 611 Floating Body 612 Holding Tube 62 Ship Mooring Device 621 Floating Body 622 Holding Tube 63 Ship Mooring Device 631 Floating Body 632 Holding Tube 64 Ship Mooring Device 641 Floating Body 16 Holding Tube 65 Ship Mooring Device 651 Floating Body 652 Holding Tube 66 Ship Mooring Device 661 Floating body 662 Holding tube 67 Ship mooring device 671 Floating body 672 Holding tube 68 Ship mooring device 681 Floating body 682 Holding tube 69 Ship mooring device 691 Floating body 692 Holding tube 70 Ship mooring device 701 Floating body 71 Ship mooring device 711 Floating body 712 Holding tube 72 Ship mooring device 721 Floating body 722 Holding tube 73 Ship mooring device 731 Floating body 74 Ship mooring device 741 Floating body 75 Ship mooring device 751 Floating body 76 Ship mooring device 81 Breakwater 82 Ship mooring device 821 Holding tube 822 Floating body 824 Supply / exhaust hole 827 Clip ring (detachment prevention member)
83 Ship Mooring Device 830 Wire Rope (Rope)
831 Length changing means 832 First short rope (short cord-like object)
833 2nd short rope (short rope)
85 Ship mooring device 851 Floating body 853 Protrusion 86 Ship mooring device 861 Floating body 862 Base 87 Ship mooring device 871 Floating body 873 Base 88 Ship mooring device 881 Floating body 883 Base 89 Holding tube 90 Detachment preventing member 92 Foam G Open ocean K draft H1 Draft height S S Umi U

Claims (18)

A floating body having a buoyancy unit that balances the tip of a mooring rope from a small ship berthed on a quay, and balances with sedimentation by gravity;
While holding the tubular base portion provided on the quay and extending downward from the knot portion of the floating body, the small vessel from the small ship when rising with the buoyancy of the floating body and the sea level rise to an abnormal height due to tsunami A holding tube for detaching the base by a pulling force via a mooring rope;
A cord-like object housed inside the holding tube and having a tip connected to the base of the floating body;
With
The ship mooring apparatus is characterized in that the cord-like object is set to have a length equal to or greater than a distance between a sea level rising to an abnormal height and the quay, and a draft of the small ship is subtracted.   The ship mooring device according to claim 1, wherein the small ship has a total tonnage of less than about 10 tons and a draft of less than about 1 m.   The said holding | maintenance pipe | tube is provided with the restraint part which confronts and restrains the base of the said floating body from the sea side, and the induction | guidance | derivation part which guide | induces the base of the said floating body to the anti-sea side. Ship mooring device. While the holding tube is formed by a tubular body made of cast iron,
The floating body is formed by a hollow body made of cast iron,
The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an adhesion preventing member for preventing adhesion between the holding tube and the base of the floating body is interposed.   The marine anchoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tying portion of the floating body includes a jaw that projects substantially horizontally from an upper end thereof.   The marine anchoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tying portion of the floating body includes a mooring ring.   The seaside of the floating body is provided with a detachment preventing member for preventing unexpected detachment of the base of the floating body due to a pulling force via the mooring rope from the sea side to the floating body. The marine mooring device according to any one of the above. The small vessel is moored behind a breakwater facing the open ocean,
On the open ocean side of the floating body where the base is held by the holding pipe provided on the breakwater, the base of the floating body is unpredictable due to the wave force that runs around the breakwater against the floating body and acts from the inner sea on the back side. The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a disengagement preventing member that prevents the disengagement of the ship.   The ship according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the detachment preventing member allows detachment of the base of the floating body when a pulling force via the mooring rope acts from a substantially axial direction of the holding pipe. Mooring equipment.   The ship mooring according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the floating body whose base is held by the holding pipe in the quay is set to be substantially the same height as the draft of the small ship. apparatus. A plurality of the holding pipes are provided along the sea side of the quay, while the base of the floating body is individually held by each holding pipe,
Auxiliary cable-like objects are stretched between the connecting parts of the floating bodies,
11. The mooring ring for individually tying the tips of mooring ropes from the small boat is provided at a plurality of longitudinal positions of the auxiliary rope-like object. Ship mooring device.   The base of the floating body is caused by the pulling force so as to attenuate the pulling force via the mooring rope from the small vessel that rises as the sea level rises to an abnormal height due to buoyancy and tsunami of the floating body. The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising length changing means for changing the length from the step by step.   The length changing means includes a plurality of short cable-like objects that are shorter than the cable-like objects and are different in length from each other, and each of the short cable-like objects rises to the sea level up to an abnormal height. The ship mooring according to claim 12, wherein the ship is moored in a stepwise manner in order of decreasing length so as to attenuate a pulling force from the small ship that rises along with the mooring rope. apparatus.   The substantially annular protrusion which guides the flow of the water | moisture content which goes to the said holding | maintenance pipe | tube from the upper part to the connection part of the said floating body is provided in any one of Claims 1-13. Ship mooring device.   The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a supply / discharge hole that enables supply and discharge of moisture to and from the holding tube is provided at a lower end of the holding tube.   The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the floating body is formed so that an upper cross-sectional shape is larger than a lower cross-sectional shape.   The marine mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein an inside of the floating body is filled with an ultralight foam material that causes buoyancy to act on the floating body.   The ship mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein an outer surface shape of the holding tube is formed in a substantially conical shape or a semi-spindle shape that tapers toward an upper end.

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