JP6184800B2 - Ship mooring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mooring apparatus for mooring a ship on a quay, and more particularly to a ship mooring apparatus that prevents an unexpected drift of a ship even when the sea level rises abnormally due to the occurrence of a large tsunami or the like.

  Ships that have entered the port for berthing are anchored with mooring ropes such as ropes and wire ropes attached to mooring pillars protruding from the quay or pier, and the berthing is prevented. Generally, a berthing facility such as a quay is designed to have a height that does not hinder passengers on the ship and unload cargo even when the water level changes due to sea level rise and fall according to the tidal range. Further, even if a large wave hits the quay, such as when a tide and a typhoon overlap, there is no problem in berthing of a ship moored by a mooring rope on the mooring column. In addition, fenders are attached to the berthing facility so that the ship and the berthing facility are not damaged.

  By the way, in recent years, a great tsunami that far exceeded expectations due to the occurrence of a major earthquake has occurred, and it is a new memory. When the sea level abnormally rises due to such a large tsunami or the like, the ship moored to the mooring column by the mooring rope rises as the sea level rises. If the sea level rises more than expected, there is a risk that the ship will capsize.

  6 and 7 show a state where the ship S is stopped by the mooring rope 2 on the mooring column 1 provided on the quay G. FIG. 6 shows a normal state, and the ship S also moves up and down in response to the rise and fall of the sea level L due to tides, but the height of the quay G does not cause any trouble in getting on and off the ship S and cargo handling. Has been. On the other hand, when the sea level L rises to an unexpected height due to a storm or a large tsunami and far exceeds the height of the quay G, the ship S has a sea level L as shown in FIG. Ascends and rises above the height of the quay G. Since the mooring rope 2 has a length sufficient to maintain the state where the ship S is berthing, when the sea level L rises abnormally, it is between the mooring column 1 and the sea level L. May be longer than the length of the mooring rope 2. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 7, the ship S may be restrained by the mooring rope 2, and the anchor side on which the mooring rope 2 is hooked may be drawn and overturned. In addition, the tensioned mooring rope 2 may break, and the ship S may be carried by the tsunami and drifted, or carried by the land and stranded.

  By the way, in Patent Document 1, as a mooring system in which a mooring line does not break, a hull drifts, or damages other objects when a tsunami strikes, between a hull and a mooring shore, It is connected with a buffer cable with a cushioning material, connected between the hull and the marker buoy with a mooring cable, and connected with a buffer cable with a buffer material between the chains on the bottom of the marker buoy. A configuration in which the other end is connected to a block is disclosed.

JP 2012-131332 A

  In the mooring system disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the hull and the mooring shore are connected by a buffering rope with a buffering material interposed therebetween, the distance between the rising sea level and the mooring shore is the buffering rope. If it becomes larger than the length of the hull, there is a risk that the hull will be restrained by the buffer cable and overturned. Although the buffer material of the buffer rope is provided with elasticity, it is stretchable so that the moored hull does not detach from the mooring shore. However, it is inevitable that the hull will be restrained.

  Therefore, the present invention maintains the state of being connected to the berthing facility with a tow rope even when an unexpectedly large tsunami attacks and the ship rises as the sea level rises, and the ship is capsized. It aims at providing the ship mooring device which is not made to do.

As a technical means for achieving the above object, a marine mooring device according to the present invention is a marine mooring device for connecting a marine vessel and a mooring column by a mooring rope. A holding hole for detachably receiving the base is formed in the quay wall, a receiving hole continuous with the holding hole is formed, an extension member is received in the receiving hole, and a distal end portion of the extension member is used as a base of the mooring column And fixing the base end portion of the extension member to an arbitrary portion, the length of the extension member, the length of the portion extending from the quay, is increased between the sea level and the quay It is characterized by being larger than the distance.

When a ship is accompanied by abnormal increase in sea level caused by invasion of the like tsunami rises, the distance between the sea surface and the quay is greater than the length of the tether, the dolphin is withdrawn from the holding hole. For this reason, a ship does not capsize even if it rises. The length of the extension member is set to a length that sufficiently allows the vessel to rise even when the sea level rises abnormally.

  The ship mooring device according to the invention of claim 2 is provided with a holding means for holding the base of the mooring pillar in the holding hole, and when seawater enters the holding hole, the holding means is released to release the mooring ship. It is characterized by the freedom of the pillar.

  Since the mooring column is accommodated in the holding hole and needs to be easily pulled out when the sea level rises abnormally, it is inconvenient to firmly engage with the holding hole, so that it is inserted loosely. For this reason, there is a risk of wobbling with respect to the holding hole due to advancing and retreating with respect to the quay of the ship due to normal waves, or in some cases being pulled out due to impact. Therefore, the holding means is provided so as not to be easily wobbled or pulled out during normal times. When the seawater rises and enters the accommodation hole from the holding hole, the holding means is released and the restraint of the mooring column is released. As a result, the inside of the mooring ship can be pulled out from the holding hole, and the extension member is pulled out by the rising of the ship accompanying the rise of the sea level.

  In addition, for example, a horizontal hole opened on the side surface of the quay is formed in the accommodation hole so that the intruded seawater is discharged so that the seawater does not stay in the accommodation hole and the holding hole in normal times. Keep it.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a marine mooring device in which the holding means is a housing that accommodates the base portion of the mooring column, and the base portion is accommodated on the upper side of the flange portion formed on the inner wall of the housing. The base of the mooring column is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a shear key loosely inserted into a through hole formed in the cylindrical side wall, and the tip end portion of the shear key can be inserted into and removed from the inner wall surface of the housing. A locking groove to be loosely inserted is formed, and a region where the rear surface of the shearing key faces is retracted, and the shearing key is prevented from being detached from the locking groove at the time of occupation, and provided with a stopper that is allowed when retracted, When the floating body is accommodated in the floating body chamber below the flange portion and seawater enters the holding hole, the floating body is lifted by receiving buoyancy to push the stopper from the back of the shear key. Evacuate the N tip of cross key is characterized by being configured to be removed from the locking groove.

  That is, the holding means is released by the floating of the floating body that has received buoyancy due to the intrusion of seawater.

  According to the ship mooring device according to the present invention, even when the sea level rises and the distance from the quay to the sea surface is greater than the length of the mooring rope, the ship is tilted by the extension material extending. There is no overthrow. And since it is controlled by the extension material, it is prevented that a ship drifts. Further, since the mooring column is installed at a predetermined position in normal times, the ship can be moored.

  Further, according to the ship mooring device of the invention of claim 2, since the holding means is released when the sea surface exceeds the quay, it is possible to prevent the mooring column from coming out of the holding hole inadvertently in normal times. And the function of the mooring column is fully fulfilled.

  Further, according to the ship mooring device according to the invention of claim 3, since the floating body is levitated by receiving the buoyancy of seawater due to the holding hole being submerged due to an abnormal rise of the sea surface, the holding means can be reliably released, The mooring column can be released reliably.

It is the schematic which shows the state by which the ship was moored at the berthing facility by the mooring apparatus which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the sea surface is in an abnormal water level due to an attack of a large tsunami or the like in the state illustrated in FIG. It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the holding means of a mooring pillar, and shows from the state from which the mooring pillar was hold | maintained to the state released | released. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the holding means of a mooring pillar, and has shown from the state from which the mooring pillar was hold | maintained to the state released | released. It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the holding means of a mooring pillar, and has shown from the state from which the mooring pillar was hold | maintained to the state released. It is the schematic which shows the state where the ship was moored at the berthing facility by the conventional mooring apparatus, and is equivalent to FIG. In the state shown in FIG. 6, it is the schematic which shows the state by which the sea level became the abnormal water level by the attack of the big tsunami etc., and is equivalent to FIG.

  Hereinafter, based on the illustrated preferred embodiment, a marine mooring apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which a ship S is moored to a mooring column 1 with a mooring rope 2 on a quay G, which is a berthing facility. Ascending and descending at the position, boarding and unloading and cargo handling with respect to the ship S are performed stably. The base portion 1a of the mooring column 1 is accommodated in a holding hole 3 formed in the upper surface of the quay G so as to be freely inserted and removed. A holding hole 4 having a diameter smaller than that of the holding hole 3 is continued below the holding hole 3.

  A distal end portion of an extension member 5 is fixed to the base portion 1 a, and the extension member 5 is accommodated in the accommodation hole 4. The extension member 5 is not easily broken, for example, formed of a link chain. Further, the length of the extension member 5 extending from the quay G is larger than the distance between the sea level L and the quay G that have risen abnormally due to the attack of a large tsunami or the like. For example, the height of the large tsunami generated by the earthquake is larger than expected, and the height of the sea level L rising at that time is taken into consideration. In addition, the base end portion of the extension member 5 is fixed at an appropriate position so as to perform an action described later.

  In the ship mooring device configured as described above, during normal times, as shown in FIG. 1, it functions as a normal mooring column 1 and mooring the ship S via the mooring rope 2, resulting in problems of getting on and off and cargo handling. There is no way. In this state, when the large tsunami strikes and the sea level L rises abnormally, and the ship S rises above the quay G along with the rise of the sea level L, the mooring rope 2 becomes tense.

  Furthermore, when the sea level L rises and the ship S rises, the base 1a of the mooring column 1 is pulled out of the holding hole 3 by the rise of the ship S. Further, the extension member 5 is also pulled out from the accommodation hole 4 along with the mooring column 1. Since the length of the part extending from the quay G of the extension member 5 is larger than the distance between the abnormally rising sea level L and the quay G, the vessel S is allowed to rise, and the overturning of the vessel S is prevented. The And since the base end part of the extension material 5 is being fixed to the appropriate site | part, the ship S is prevented from drifting.

  3 to 5 show first to third embodiments of holding means for holding the mooring column 1. As described above, the mooring column 1 is inserted into the holding hole 3, but when the mooring column 1 is only freely inserted and withdrawn, the mooring rope 2 is tensioned by the ship S floating due to the waves, and the mooring column 1 An external force in an unforeseen direction acts on 1 and may collide with the inner wall of the holding hole 3 or be pulled out, thereby damaging the holding hole 3. For this reason, even if an unexpected external force is applied to the mooring column 1 during normal times, the retaining hole 3 is not damaged, and the mooring column 1 can be easily retained only when the sea level L rises abnormally. It is preferable to have a structure that is removed from the structure 3. Therefore, a means for making the mooring pillar 1 detachable from the holding hole 3 by providing a means for holding the mooring pillar 1 is adopted.

  The holding means 10 of the mooring column 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is composed of a pair of anchor members 11 and a floating body 12 that opens the anchor member 11, and in the holding hole 3 together with the base 1a of the mooring column 1 Contained. The saddle member 11 is substantially L-shaped, and at the distal end of one of the L-shaped arms, a saddle portion 11a is formed that projects inwardly, and is formed on the base 1a of the mooring column 1. A step portion 1b that engages with the flange portion 11a is formed. The L-shaped bent portion is supported so as to be swingable around a shaft 11b attached to the inner wall of the holding hole 3, for example, and the other arm portion of the L-shape is used as an input portion 11c. 1 extends below the base 1a. An appropriate gap H is formed between the input portion 11c and the central portion of the base portion 1a so that the operation described later is performed, and the base portion of the input portion 11c contacts the bottom surface of the base portion 1a of the mooring column 1. Has been.

  The floating body 12 is disposed below the input unit 11c. The floating body 12 has a floating portion 12a formed at the lower portion thereof, and a push plate 12b is provided at the tip of a column portion extending upward from the floating portion 12a. The floating body 12 is levitated by receiving the buoyancy in the float 12a.

  In the holding means 10 according to the first embodiment, when seawater enters the holding hole 3 as the sea level L rises, the floating body 2 rises due to buoyancy as shown in FIG. When the floating body 2 is raised, the input portion 11c is pushed up by the raising of the push plate 12b. For this reason, the pair of anchor members 11 swings around the shaft 11b in the direction of opening the anchor part 11a, and the restraint of the base part 1a of the mooring column 1 is released as shown in FIG. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4D, the mooring column 1 is pulled out from the holding hole 3 by the rise of the ship S due to the rise of the sea level L.

  If normal seawater enters and stays in the holding hole 3 and the accommodation hole 4, the floating body 2 receives buoyancy. For example, a horizontal hole is formed from an opening formed on the side surface of the quay G. It is desirable to form and communicate with the accommodation hole 4 to prevent retention of seawater.

  Next, the holding means 20 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In this embodiment, the mooring column 21 is held by a housing 22 accommodated in the holding hole 3. The base portion 21a of the mooring column 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a bottom portion, and a shear key 23 is loosely inserted into a through hole formed in an intermediate portion of the base portion 21a. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 (c) and 4 (d), the distal end portion of the shear key 23 is loosely inserted in a locking groove 22a formed in the housing 22. A flange portion 22b directed inward is formed on the inner wall surface of the intermediate portion of the housing 22, and the base portion 21a is placed on the flange portion 22b. A stopper 24 is accommodated in the base portion 21a so as to be movable in the axial direction of the cylinder, and at a position lowered to the bottom of the base portion 21a, the area where the back surface of the shear key 23 faces is occupied, and the shear key 23 is kept loosely inserted into the locking groove 22a. When the stopper 24 is in a position retracted from the back surface of the shear key 23, for example, a restoring force of a spring means or the like is applied to the shear key 23 in a direction in which the shear key 23 retracts to the position of the stopper 24. The shear key 23 is urged to move so as to retract from the locking groove 22a. Further, a through hole 21b is formed at the center of the bottom plate of the base 21a.

  A lower portion of the flange portion 22b is a floating body chamber 22c, and a floating body 25 is accommodated in the floating body chamber 22c. The floating body 25 has a floating part 25a and a push rod 25b planted in the center of the upper part of the float part 25a. The tip of the push rod 25b is loosely inserted into the through hole 21b. The stopper 24 is in contact with the stopper 24. Further, a through hole 22d is formed at an appropriate position in the floating body 22c of the housing 22, and the inside and outside of the floating body 22c are communicated through the through hole 22d.

  In the case of the holding means 20 according to the second embodiment, when seawater enters the holding hole 3 and the accommodation hole 4 by the rise of the sea level L, the seam is accommodated in the floating body chamber 22c as shown in FIG. The floating body 25 is lifted by receiving buoyancy, and the push rod 25b pushes up the stopper 24. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, the stopper 24 is retracted upward from the region where the rear surface of the shear key 23 faces, and the shear key 23 becomes free. For this reason, the shear key 23 is removed from the locking groove 22a formed in the housing 22, and the linkage between the housing 22 and the mooring column 21 is released. For this reason, the mooring column 21 becomes free, and the mooring rope 2 is tensioned and the mooring column 21 rises due to the rise of the ship S accompanying the rise of the sea level L, and the overturning of the ship S is prevented.

  Next, the holding means 30 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described. This holding means 30 is configured by improving the holding means 20 according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the site | part same as embodiment shown in FIG.

Stopper 32 is brought into contact with the rear surface of the shear key 31 is divided stopper member 32a, and 32b in the central portion, each of the stopper members 32a, the upper end portion of 32b is rocking relative shear key 31 by a hinge 32c It is connected freely. The tip of the push rod 25b of the floating body 25 is in contact with both the stopper members 32a and 32b .

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, when the floating body 25 is raised, both the stopper members 34a and 35b are pushed up. These stopper members 32a and 32b swing around the hinge 32c as an axis, and as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the stopper members 32a and 32b are retracted from the back of the shear key 31 while being opened in a double-spread state, and the shear key 31 is moved away. Move to the center. As a result, the shear key 31 is removed from the locking groove 22a as shown in FIG. 5C, and the linkage between the housing 22 and the mooring column 21 is released. For this reason, the mooring column 21 becomes free, and the mooring rope 2 is tensioned and the mooring column 21 rises due to the rise of the ship S accompanying the rise of the sea level L, and the overturning of the ship S is prevented.

  The ship mooring device according to the present invention can prevent the ship from drifting even when the sea level is abnormally rising due to the invasion of a large tsunami, etc., and the ship drifts to the land, causing unexpected damage. Contributes to prevention.

G quay S ship L sea level 1 mooring pillar
1a Base
1b Step 2 Mooring rope 3 Holding hole 4 Housing hole 5 Extension material
10 Holding means
11 Anchor
12 Floating body
20 Holding means
21 Mooring pillar
21a base
21b Through hole
22 Housing
22a Locking groove
22b Flange
22c Floating chamber
22d through hole
23 Shear key
24 Stopper
25 Floating body
30 Holding means
31 Shear key
32 Stopper
32a, 32b Stopper member
32c hinge

Claims (3)

In a ship mooring device that connects a ship berthing and a mooring column with a mooring rope
A holding hole is formed in the quay for accommodating the base of the mooring column for tying the mooring rope so that it can be inserted and removed ,
Forming a continuous receiving hole in the holding hole;
The extension material is accommodated in the accommodation hole,
Fixing the distal end portion of the extension member to the base portion of the mooring column, and fixing the proximal end portion of the extension member to an arbitrary portion;
A marine mooring apparatus characterized in that the length of the extension member, the length of the portion extending from the quay, is greater than the distance between the sea level rising to an abnormal height and the quay. A holding means for holding the base of the mooring pillar is provided in the holding hole,
The marine mooring device according to claim 1, wherein when the seawater enters the holding hole, the holding means is released to make the mooring column free. The holding means is
A housing for accommodating the base portion of the mooring pillar, wherein the base portion is accommodated on an upper side of a flange portion formed on an inner wall of the housing;
The base of the mooring column is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and includes a shear key loosely inserted into a through hole formed in the cylindrical side wall,
A locking groove is formed in the inner wall surface of the housing so that the tip of the shear key can be freely inserted and removed,
Retract the area where the back of the shear key faces, and prevent the shear key from detaching from the locking groove at the time of occupation, provided with a stopper that allows when retracted,
The floating body is accommodated in the floating body chamber below the flange portion,
When seawater enters the holding hole, the floating body is lifted by receiving buoyancy, so that the stopper is pushed and retracted from the back of the shear key, and the tip of the shear key is moved to the locking groove. The ship mooring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ship mooring apparatus is removed from the ship.

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