JP2017019322A - Tail-less aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tail-less aircraft suitable for slow flight as well as high speed flight, unlike conventional tail-less aircrafts having triangle shape in a plan view, which have been disclosed in many types and all suitable exclusively for high speed flight.SOLUTION: A tail-less aircraft has an airframe 2 having, in a plan view, a substantially V shape constituted of a left side trunk 5 and a right side trunk 6 obliquely protruding from side surfaces of a main trunk 3 toward rear lateral outside. The airframe also has, in front and rear face views, a substantially flat upper surface, and a substantially triangle shaped lower part protruding from right and left side ends toward the center in an inverted-chevron-shape.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tailless airplane that has a triangular body in plan view, does not have a vertical tail, and has excellent maneuverability.

  For example, an airplane in which a long wing body is provided at the rear side of a side body of a rectangular body in plan view is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2007-21684 A

The invention described in Patent Document 1 has a clear fuselage and wings and requires a vertical tail. Many types of triangular airplanes are open to the public, and all are suitable for high-speed flight, but not suitable for low-speed flight.
An object of the present invention is to provide a flat V-shaped tailless airplane capable of low-speed flight and excellent in stability.

  The specific contents of the present invention are as follows.

  (1) The front and rear views of the fuselage that are substantially V-shaped in plan view, with the left and right trunks projecting diagonally from the side of the main torso to the left and right rear sides, have a substantially flat top surface. The lower part is a tailless airplane that protrudes in an inverted mountain shape from the left and right ends toward the center, and has an almost inverted triangular shape.

  (2) The central longitudinal side shape of the main body portion is substantially fish-shaped, and a main body inclined surface is formed on the rear surface, and the lower surfaces of the left and right rear body portions are gradually extended from the position of the rear end of the main body portion to the rear end. A straight line connecting the front end of the nose and the rear end inner end of the left and right side trunks is used as the left and right ridgelines, and a downwardly inclined side trunk slope is formed from the left and right ridgelines toward the main trunk slope. The tailless airplane according to (1) above.

  (3) The tailless airplane according to (1) or (2), wherein the upper surfaces of the left and right side trunks are flat on the outer side of each ridgeline and have a curved surface with the outer edge facing downward.

  (4) The tailless aircraft according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a cockpit is provided at an upper front portion of the main trunk portion, and a propulsion unit is disposed on a main trunk inclined surface at a rear portion thereof. .

  (5) The tailless airplane according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein elevators are respectively disposed at rear ends of the left and right side trunks.

  (6) The tailless airplane according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein an intersection angle between the outer sides of the left and right bodies is 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees.

  (7) The tailless airplane according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein a floating body is formed at a lower portion of the main trunk portion.

  (8) The tailless airplane according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein a ski board is detachably attached to the lower surface of the main trunk.

  According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  In the tailless airplane described in (1), the aircraft body is formed in a substantially V shape in plan view, the top surface is flat in both front view and rear view, and the bottom surface is in an inverted mountain shape with the central part down. Because it is a substantially inverted triangle that protrudes, the Coanda effect causes the airflow along the bottom of the fuselage to flow upward from the front lower part of the fuselage to the rear of the left and right side trunks, raising the fuselage as a reaction.

In the invention described in the above (2), the central longitudinal section of the main body portion is fish-shaped, and the main body inclined surface is formed on the upper surface. The left and right side trunks have side trunk slopes that descend inward from the ridges on the top surface, so when the aircraft moves forward, the airflow flowing along the main trunk slope and the left and right trunk slopes Passing downwards at the rear, the recoil increases the thrust of the aircraft.
The lower surface of the left right fuselage warps upward from the front to the rear, so the airflow flows backward and upward due to the Coanda effect, and the reaction pushes the aircraft forward, causing the nose to face upward, And it demonstrates the power to deter rolling.

  In the invention described in (3) above, since the upper surface of the side body portion is flat from the ridge line, the horizontal maintenance of the airframe is maintained.

  The tailless airplane described in (4) above has a cockpit seat at the front upper part of the main torso, so that the maneuvering is easy, and a propulsion unit is arranged at the rear end of the center of the main torso. Therefore, the airflow along the main trunk inclined surface and the side trunk inclined surface can be efficiently collected, and the propulsion efficiency can be improved.

  In the tailless airplane described in (5) above, since the elevators are respectively disposed at the rear end portions of the left and right side trunks, there is no rudder by applying a braking action with one elevator. Also, the direction can be easily changed.

  In the tailless airplane described in (6) above, the left side and the right side are set to about 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees. The left torso and right torso can be spread rearward in a well-balanced manner, enabling stable maneuvering.

  Since the tailless airplane described in (7) has a lower part of the main trunk as a floating body, it can be desorbed as a surface aircraft. Moreover, diving is also possible by disposing a pouring / draining device in the floating body.

  The tailless airplane described in (8) has a ski board attached to the lower surface of the main trunk, so that it can be moved on snow or in the desert.

It is a top view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view in FIG. It is a front view in FIG. It is a rear view in FIG. It is a bottom view in FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the DD sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the EE sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the FF sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the GG sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a center vertical side view of Example 2 of this invention.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a tailless airplane according to the present invention. The plane shape of the airframe 2 is substantially V-shaped with a sharp nose 2A. The front and rear views of the airframe 2 have a substantially flat top surface, and the lower portion has an inverted mountain shape from the left and right side ends toward the center. It protrudes and has an approximately inverted triangular shape.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the central longitudinal section extending from the nose 2 </ b> A to the rear end 4 has a high front portion, and the upper surface is inclined to the main trunk inclined surface gradually lowering from the highest portion 2 </ b> B to the rear end 4. The side view is substantially fish-shaped. A cockpit 2C is provided at the front upper portion of the main body 3, and a propulsion unit 7 is disposed at the rear of the main body inclined surface 3A behind the main body.

  On the left and right sides of the main body 3, a left body 5 and a right body 6 that project obliquely in the rearward direction are integrally formed. The main body 3 is set to be thinner from the width in the vicinity of the highest portion 2B to the rear end 4 gradually.

Inclining in the orthogonal direction from the left ridge line 5C and the right ridge line 6C to the main trunk inclined surface 3A side, with straight lines 5C and 6C connecting the inner rear ends 5A and 6A of the left and right body parts 5 and 6 from the nose 2A. The left and right side trunk inclined surfaces 5D and 6D are gently curved.
Therefore, since the valley portion is formed by the main body inclined surface 3A and the left and right side cylinder inclined surfaces 5D and 6D, the airflow passing there plays a large role in the progression of the airframe 2.

  That is, when the airplane 1 sails, the airflow passing along the upper surface of the airframe 2 is valley-shaped from the front to the main trunk inclined surface 3A and the left and right trunk inclined surfaces 5D and 6D by the Coanda effect. 2 and 6 in the direction indicated by the arrow X in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, and the propulsive force of the airframe 2 is increased by reaction.

  The upper surfaces of the left and right body parts 5, 6 from the left ridge line 5C and the right ridge line 6C are substantially flat, and the width gradually increases from the front part to the rear part. The outer edge is a slightly downward curved surface.

  The airflow flowing along the upper surfaces of the left and right body parts 5 and 6 flows upward from the front part, and the airflow flowing along the lower surface slides up from the lower part to the upper part and passes at a high speed to the rear end by the Coanda effect. The stability of the airframe 2 is maintained and the propulsive force is increased.

The inner side surface of the rear part in the left and right body parts 5 and 6 is a U-shaped bay entrance in plan view, but may be a V-shaped bay entrance.
However, when the tip of the acute bay entrance surface is at the position of the rear end 4 of the main body 3 in FIG. 1, the width of the left and right side bodies 5 and 6 is necessarily wider than that shown in FIG. Become.

  Moreover, if the front end of the bay entrance surface is set forward according to the width of the side body parts 5 and 6, the rear end 4 of the main body part 3 moves forward, and the balance of the whole shape is lost. Therefore, it is preferable to widen the tip of the V-shaped bay without making an acute angle.

It is preferable that the inner side surfaces of the left and right body parts 5 and 6 are kept parallel to the outer side surface.
In FIG. 1, the crossing angle of the outer side surfaces of the left and right side body parts 5 and 6 in the nose 2A is preferably within 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees. In addition, since the inner bay entrance surface at the rear end becomes smaller, the flight stability decreases.

  When the crossing angle of the left and right trunks at the nose 2A is larger than 70 degrees, the bay entry surface at the rear end becomes wider, the resistance of the airflow at the time of flight increases, and the airflow passing through the main trunk inclined surface 3A; The mixed airflow of the airflow passing through the side trunk inclined surfaces 5D and 6D diffuses, and the speed generated by the Coanda effect decreases.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the airflow passing rearward along the lower surfaces of the left body portion 5 and the right body portion 6 is the flow indicated by the arrow y from the nose 2 </ b> A along the curved surface of the lower surface of the body body 2. Then gradually approach the side edge direction, and from the rear part of the left and right side body parts 5 and 6, it moves straight in the direction of the arrow Y, and the left and right are balanced, so the occurrence of rolling is suppressed and the body 2 is stable. Keep sailing.

  Elevators 8 and 8 are respectively provided at the rear ends of the left and right body parts 5 and 6. By operating the left and right elevators 8 and applying braking to one elevator 8, braking is performed. Since the speed is higher when the switch is not applied, the direction can be easily changed even without a rudder.

When the tailless airplane 1 flies, the airflow hitting the front surface of the nose 2A descends at a high speed on the main trunk inclined surface 3A and from the left and right side trunk inclined surfaces 5D and 6D when exceeding the highest portion 2B on the upper surface. The airflow merges and passes, and the airframe 2 moves forward by the reaction.
In this case, the necessary power of the propulsion device 11 is reduced due to the influence of the high-speed airflow that passes around the propulsion device 11.

  The airflow along the upper surface from the front surface of the left trunk 5 and the right trunk 6 crosses the left trunk slope 5D and the right trunk slope 6D and crosses the main trunk slope 3A when it crosses the left ridge line 5C and the right ridge line 6C. And then passes in the rear downward direction at a higher speed than the airflow along the lower surface of the airframe 2. Therefore, even if there is no vertical tail, it is excellent in straightness and the body 2 can be raised.

  Since the lower surfaces of the left body portion 5 and the right body portion 6 gradually warp backward from the rear end portion of the main body portion 3, the airflow along the lower surface rises rearward and upward. Lift up the front of Aircraft 2 and move forward. Moreover, since the rear part of the side trunk | drum 5 and 6 has spread right and left, rolling is suppressed and it is excellent in flight stability.

  FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which a floating body 9 having a high hollow water tightness is formed in the lower part of the main body 3. Thereby, it can float on the water, and it can be set as the surface machine which can take off and release water on the water.

  The floating body 9 makes the partition wall in the main trunk portion 3 watertight, and sets the air pressure as high as necessary. By providing a water drainage device (not shown) on the floating body 9, it is possible to dive in water during bad weather such as storms and high waves.

  Moreover, by attaching a wide ski board to the lower part of the main body part 3, it can be used for snow and desert, and can be slid other than flying. The propulsion device 7 can naturally be a jet engine, and naturally the wheels are arranged on the airframe 2.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the novel tailless airplane which can take off and fly by short-distance driving | running | working and can take off and land also on the water, the desert, etc. is provided.

1. Untailed airplane Airframe 2A. Nose 2B. Maximum part 2C. Cockpit 3. Main body
3A. 3. Main trunk inclined surface 4. Rear end Left trunk 5A. Rear outer surface 5B. Inner rear end 5C. Left ridge 5D. 5. Left side inclined surface Right trunk 6A. Rear outer surface 6B. Inner rear end 6C. Right ridgeline 6D. 6. Right trunk tilt surface Propulsion machine8. Elevator 9 Floating body S. Aircraft centerline X. Airflow y, Y. which passes through the main trunk inclined surface. Airflow passing through the lower surface of the left and right trunk

Claims (8)

The front and rear views of the airframe, which has a left and right torso that project obliquely from the side of the main torso to the left and right rear sides, and is substantially V-shaped in plan view, have a substantially flat top surface and a left and right bottom part. A tailless airplane that has an inverted triangular shape that protrudes from the side edge toward the center and has an inverted triangle.   The central longitudinal side shape of the main torso is substantially fish-shaped and forms a main torso inclined surface on the rear surface, and the lower surfaces of the left and right rear torso gradually warp from the position of the rear end of the main torso to the rear end, A straight line connecting the front end of the nose to the rear end inner end of the left and right side trunk is defined as a left and right ridgeline, and a downwardly inclined side trunk slope is formed from the left and right ridgeline toward the main trunk slope. The tailless aircraft according to claim 1, wherein   3. The tailless airplane according to claim 1, wherein the upper surfaces of the left and right side body portions are flat on the outer side of each ridgeline and have a curved surface with the outer edge facing downward.   The tailless airplane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pilot seat is provided at an upper front portion of the main trunk portion, and a propulsion unit is disposed on a main trunk inclined surface at a rear portion thereof.   The tailless airplane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein elevators are respectively provided at rear end portions of the left and right side body portions.   The tailless airplane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an intersection angle of the outer sides of the left and right bodies at the nose is 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees.   The tailless airplane according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a floating body is formed in a lower part of the main trunk part.   The tailless airplane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a ski board is detachably attached to a lower surface of the main trunk part.

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