TWI683767B - Tailless aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

A variety of tailless airplanes that are triangular in plane view angle have been disclosed, but they are all specifically suitable for high-speed flight. In contrast, the object of the present invention is to provide a tailless airplane that is also suitable for low-speed flight.

The left and right body sections that protrude obliquely from the side of the main body to the left and right, and the outer side, and the body that is roughly V-shaped in plan view, is the upper surface in front view and rear view. It is substantially flat, and the lower part protrudes from the left and right side ends toward the center in a mountain-like shape, and has a substantially triangular shape.

Description

Tailless aircraft Field of invention

The invention relates to a tailless aircraft with a triangular shape in plane viewing angle, no vertical tail, and excellent maneuverability.

Background of the invention

For example, an aircraft with a long wing body facing forward and backward is provided at the rear of the side of a fuselage that is square in plan view, and is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

Prior technical literature Patent Literature

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-216846

Summary of the invention

The invention described in the aforementioned Patent Document 1 is an aircraft in which the fuselage and wings are relatively clear, and a vertical tail is required. In addition, there are many types of triangular airplanes that are suitable for high-speed flight, but not suitable for low-speed flight.

An object of the present invention is to provide a plane V-shaped tailless aircraft capable of low-speed flight and having excellent stability.

The specific content of the present invention is as follows.

(1) A tailless aircraft, which is characterized by a substantially V-shaped body in a plane view angle by the left side fuselage part and the right side fuselage part protruding obliquely from the side of the main body to the left and right, and then to the outside In the front view and the back view, the upper surface is substantially flat, and the lower part protrudes from the left and right side ends toward the center in a mountain-like shape, and is generally an inverted triangle.

(2) The tailless aircraft as described in (1) above, wherein the shape of the central longitudinal section of the main body is slightly fish-shaped and the inclined surface of the main body is formed behind, and the lower surface of the left and right rear fuselage parts is From the position of the rear end of the main body to the rear end, it gradually warps upwards, and the side fuselage inclined surface is formed as follows: the straight line connecting the left and right side fuselage parts from the front end of the nose to the inner end of the rear end is left and right The ridgeline is a side body inclined surface that slopes downward from the left and right ridgelines toward the main body inclined surface.

(3) The tailless aircraft as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the upper surface of the left and right side fuselage sections is flatter than the outer edge of each ridge line, and the outer edge of the fuselage is downward Surface.

(4) The tailless aircraft as described in any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein a control seat is provided on the front upper part of the main body, and a propeller is provided on the inclined surface of the rear main body .

(5) The tailless aircraft according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the rear end portions of the left and right side fuselage sections are respectively provided with lifts rudder.

(6) The tailless aircraft as described in any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the intersection angle between the left side fuselage and the right side fuselage on the nose is 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees.

(7) The tailless aircraft according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein a floating body is formed in the lower part of the main body.

(8) The tailless aircraft according to any one of (1) to (7) above, wherein a skid plate is detachably mounted on the lower surface of the main body.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

The tailless aircraft described in (1) above is generally formed in a V-shape in a plane viewing angle. In the front and rear viewing angles, the upper surface is flat and the lower surface is the central portion, protruding downward. The mountain shape is roughly inverted triangle, so by the wall effect, the airflow under the body will flow upward from the lower part of the front of the body to the rear of the left and right sides of the body, as a reaction, the body will rise.

In the invention described in (2) above, the central longitudinal section of the main body is fish-shaped, and the main body inclined surface is formed on the upper surface. Since the left and right side fuselage parts have inclined side fuselage surfaces that descend downward from the ridgeline portion of the upper surface, when the airframe advances, the airflow flowing along the inclined surfaces of the main body and the left and right side fuselage surfaces It will pass backwards at a high speed towards the ground, and its reaction can increase the upward thrust of the body.

Because the lower surfaces of the left and right fuselages are warped high from the rear to the rear, the airflow will flow backwards and upwards due to the effect of the attached wall. By reaction, the machine body is pushed forward, so that the head is facing upward, and can exert the force of restraining the roll.

In the invention described in (3) above, since the upper surface of the side body portion and the outer side of the ridge line are flat, the body can be kept horizontal.

The tailless aircraft described in (4) above is easy to manoeuvre because it is equipped with a control seat on the front and upper part of the main body, and because a propeller is arranged on the rear end of the center of the main body, it can be collected efficiently The airflow along the inclined surface of the main body and the inclined surface of the side fuselage improves the propulsion efficiency.

The tailless aircrafts described in (5) above are equipped with elevators at the rear end of the left and right fuselages, so the braking effect can be achieved even if there is no rudder. Change direction.

The tailless aircraft described in (6) above, because the left and right sides are set to about 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees, so the main body of the front part of the fuselage can be roughly a regular triangle, and the left side of the rear can be made The body and the right fuselage are spread out in a balanced manner toward the rear, and stable operation can be performed.

The tailless aircraft described in (7) above, because the lower part of the main body is a floating body, can be landed and taken off on the water as a watercraft. In addition, by arranging an injection and drainage device in the floating body, it is possible to dive.

The tailless aircraft described in (8) above is equipped with a skid plate on the lower surface of the main body, so it can move on snow or in the desert.

1‧‧‧ tailless aircraft

2‧‧‧Body

2A‧‧‧Head

2B‧‧‧ Supreme

2C‧‧‧Operation room

3‧‧‧ Main body

3A‧‧‧Tilt of main body

4‧‧‧back

5‧‧‧Left fuselage

5A‧‧‧Outside

5B‧‧‧Inner rear

5C‧‧‧Left edge

5D‧‧‧Leaning surface of left fuselage

5E‧‧‧Bent in

6‧‧‧Right side fuselage

6A‧‧‧Outside

6B‧‧‧Inner rear

6C‧‧‧Right edge

6D‧‧‧Right side of the fuselage

7‧‧‧ Propeller

8‧‧‧Elevator

9‧‧‧buoy

A~G‧‧‧Cut line

S‧‧‧Body centerline

X‧‧‧ Airflow through the inclined surface of the main body

y, Y‧‧‧ Airflow through the lower surface of the left and right fuselage

[Fig. 1] A plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2] Side view of Figure 1.

[Figure 3] Front view of Figure 1.

[Figure 4] The back view of Figure 1.

[Figure 5] The bottom view of Figure 1.

[Fig. 6] A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

[Fig. 7] A sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 1.

[Figure 8] A cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG.

[Fig. 9] A sectional view taken along the line D-D in Fig. 1.

[Fig. 10] A cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in Fig. 1.

[Figure 11] A cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of FIG.

[Fig. 12] A cross-sectional view taken along the line G-G in Fig. 1.

[Fig. 13] A central longitudinal side view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Forms for carrying out the invention

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Example 1

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a tailless aircraft of the present invention. The plane shape of the body 2 is a substantially V-shape protruding from the nose 2A, and a curved portion 5E is formed from the inner rear ends 5B, 6B of the left and right side body parts 5, 6 to the rear end 4 of the main body 3, and the body 2 is on the front In the viewing angle and the rear viewing angle, the upper surface is substantially flat, and the lower portion protrudes from the left and right side ends toward the center in a mountain-like shape, and has a generally inverted triangular shape.

The central longitudinal section from the nose 2A to the rear end 4 is, as shown in FIG. 6, the height of the front part is higher, and the upper surface gradually becomes lower from the highest part 2B to the rear end 4 The inclined main body inclined surface 3A is slightly fish-shaped in a side view. A control seat 2C is provided on the front upper part of the main body 3, and a propeller 7 is arranged behind the main body inclined surface 3A behind it.

On the left and right sides of the main body 3, a left body portion 5 and a right body portion 6 protruding obliquely in the rearward direction are integrally formed. The main body 3 is set so that it gradually narrows toward the rear end 4 from the width near the highest part 2B.

Using the straight lines 5C, 6C connecting the inner rear ends 5B, 6B of the left and right side body parts 5, 6 from the nose 2A as ridge lines, gently form the following left and right side body inclined surfaces 5D, 6D with curved surfaces: from the left ridge line 5C And the right ridgeline 6C is inclined in the direction perpendicular to the main body inclined surface 3A side.

Therefore, the valley portion is formed by the inclined surface 3A of the main body and the inclined surfaces 5D and 6D of the left and right side fuselages. Therefore, the airflow passing through this portion plays an important role when the body 2 travels.

That is, when the aircraft 1 is sailing, the airflow passing along the upper surface of the fuselage 2 will be from the front, along the valley-shaped main body inclined surface 3A and the left and right side body inclined surfaces 5D due to the Coanda effect The 6D valley-shaped inclined surface passes at a high speed in the direction indicated by the X arrow in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, and the propulsive force of the body 2 is increased by reaction.

Of the left and right side body portions 5 and 6, the upper surface outside the left edge line 5C and the right edge line 6C is substantially flat, and the width is gradually widened from the front to the rear. Its outer edge is a curved surface slightly downward.

The airflow flowing along the upper surface of the left and right body parts 5 and 6 flows upward from the front, and the airflow flowing along the lower surface rubs upward from the lower part to the upper part, and because of the wall effect And towards the back end Passing at high speed can maintain the stability of the body 2 and improve the propulsion.

The inner side surfaces of the rear portions of the left and right side body portions 5 and 6 are U-shaped curved surfaces in plan view, but they may be V-shaped curved surfaces.

However, if the front end of the curved surface of the acute angle is at the rear end 4 of the main body 3 in FIG. 1, the width of the left and right body parts 5, 6 is bound to be greater than that shown in FIG. width.

In addition, if the front end of the curved surface is set forward according to the width of the side body portions 5 and 6, the rear end 4 of the main body portion 3 will move forward, and the overall shape balance will be lost. Therefore, the front end of the V-shaped bend should be non-acute and wide.

The inner sides of the left and right body parts 5, 6 should be kept parallel to the outer sides.

In FIG. 1, the cross angle of the outer sides of the left and right side body parts 5, 6 in the nose 2A should be within 60 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees. If this angle is narrow, the width of the side body parts 5, 6 will be Narrowing, or the curved surface inside the rear end will become smaller, so flight stability will be deteriorated.

If the cross angle of the left and right fuselage sections in the nose 2A is wider than 70 degrees, the width of the curved surface in the rear end will become wider, the resistance of the air flow during flight will increase, and, through the inclined surface of the main body 3A The airflow and the mixed airflow passing through the inclined surfaces 5D and 6D of the side fuselage will diffuse and reduce the speed due to the wall effect.

The airflow passing backward along the lower surfaces of the left side body portion 5 and the right side body portion 6, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the y arrow airflow gradually flows from the nose 2A along the curved surface of the lower surface of the body 2 Ground to the side end direction, from the left and right side The rear part of the fuselage parts 5 and 6 becomes a Y-arrow airflow and travels straight backward, achieving a balance between left and right, so that the occurrence of roll can be suppressed, and the stable navigation of the airframe 2 can be maintained.

At the rear end of the left side fuselage part 5 and the right side fuselage part 6, elevators 8 and 8 are respectively arranged, and the left and right elevators 8 are operated to apply a brake to the elevator 8 on one side, by which the speed on the side without the brake is applied It will be faster, so even if there is no rudder, the direction can be easily changed.

When this tailless aircraft 1 flies, the airflow in front of the nose 2A, if it crosses the highest part 2B on the upper surface, it will descend at a high speed through the main body inclined surface 3A, and from the left and right side fuselage inclined surfaces 5D, The 6D descending air currents merge and pass through, and the body 2 advances by its reaction.

At this time, the necessary power of the propeller 11 can be reduced by the influence of the high-speed airflow around the propeller 11.

The airflow from the front of the left side body part 5 and the right side body part 6 along the upper surface, when crossing the left edge line 5C and the right edge line 6C, will slide over the left side body slope 5D and the right side body slope 6D. The airflow passing through the inclined surface 3A of the main body merges and moves backward and downward, and passes through the airflow along the lower surface of the body 2 at a higher speed. Therefore, even without a vertical tail, it can have excellent straightness and raise the body 2.

Since the lower surface of the left side body portion 5 and the right side body portion 6, the rear gradually warps upward from the rear end portion of the main body portion 3, so the airflow along this lower surface will rise upward and upward. In response to its reaction, the front part of the body 2 is lifted and advanced. In addition, since the rear portions of the side fuselage parts 5 and 6 are deployed to the left and right, roll can be suppressed, and flight stability is excellent.

FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which a floating body 9 with a high water tightness is formed in the lower part of the main body 3. By this, it can float on the water, and it can be a seaplane that can take off and land on the water.

The floating body 9 makes the partition wall in the main body 3 watertight, and the air pressure is set to be higher as required. By arranging an injection and drainage device (not shown) on the floating body 9, it is possible to sneak in the water during severe weather such as heavy rain or high waves.

In addition, by installing a wide-width skateboard on the lower part of the main body 3, it can be used for snow and desert, and can also be used for gliding outside of flying. The propulsion machine 7 may of course be an injection engine, and of course wheels may be provided in the body 2.

Possibility of industrial use

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a new type of tailless aircraft that can fly away from the land by gliding in a short distance, and can also take off and land on water, deserts, etc.

1‧‧‧ tailless aircraft

2‧‧‧Body

2A‧‧‧Head

2B‧‧‧ Supreme

2C‧‧‧Operation room

3‧‧‧ Main body

3A‧‧‧Tilt of main body

4‧‧‧back

5‧‧‧Left fuselage

5A‧‧‧Outside

5B‧‧‧Inner rear

5C‧‧‧Left edge

5D‧‧‧Leaning surface of left fuselage

6‧‧‧Right side fuselage

6A‧‧‧Outside

6B‧‧‧Inner rear

6C‧‧‧Right edge

6D‧‧‧Right side of the fuselage

7‧‧‧ Propeller

8‧‧‧Elevator

A~G‧‧‧Cut line

S‧‧‧Body centerline

Claims (5)

A tailless aircraft, characterized in that it is formed between the left and right fuselage portions of the left and right sides of the main body which is elongated from a plane perspective to the rear outer side and the rear end protruding in an oblique rearward direction Bent-in part, which is a large bend from the left and right inner rear ends to the rear end of the main body; and set left and right side ridges, which are the highest parts from the aforementioned left and right inner rear ends to the upper surface of the body; and A side body inclined portion is formed, which is inclined downward from the respective ridge lines inward direction; in the front view angle and rear view angle of the body, the upper surface is substantially flat, and the lower surface is from the outside of the left and right side body portions The end protrudes in a mountain-like shape toward the lower center. The shape of the longitudinal side of the center of the width of the main body is that the lower surface is flat, and the front surface is formed as an inclined surface that rises from the front and falls toward the rear. The inclined surface of the main body, the lower surfaces of the left and right sides of the main body are gradually upward from the position of the rear end of the main body to the rear ends of the left and right sides of the main body, and the outer sides of the left and right sides of the main body are viewed from the side Same height as the front of the main body. The tailless aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the left and right side fuselage portions is flatter than the left and right edges, and the outer edge is a curved surface facing downward. The tailless aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the flat portion of the upper surface of the left and right side fuselage portions protruding rearward is more outward than the left and right ridge lines, and the rear end is formed to be substantially orthogonal to the center line of the fuselage, and The rear end portions are respectively provided with horizontally long elevators in parallel. The tailless aircraft according to claim 2, wherein the flat portion of the upper surface of the left and right side fuselage portions protruding rearward is more outward than the left and right ridge lines, and the rear end is formed to be substantially orthogonal to the center line of the fuselage, and The rear end portions are respectively provided with horizontally long elevators in parallel. The tailless aircraft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a hollow floating body that makes the partition wall watertight is formed on the inner and lower parts of the aforementioned main body, and the floating body is filled with water by the injection and drainage device , And can sneak in the water.

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