JP2017018923A - Pulverization device for organic solid material, and control method for pulverization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulverization device for organic solid materials capable of finely granulating a massive organic solid material and capable of reducing the replacement frequency of a blade for finely granulating.SOLUTION: A pulverization device for organic solid materials comprises a rotary member 10 having a plurality of rotary blades 10c outside a revolving shaft in a radial direction, and an annular stationary member 20 having a plurality of stationary blades 20c adjacently disposed facing the rotary blades 10c of the rotary member 10 and provided concentrically with the rotary member 10 around the rotary member 10. In a rotation body when rotating the rotary member 10 around the revolving shaft, the side of the rotation body corresponding to the rotary blade 10c is inclined to the revolving shaft, and the stationary blade 20c of the stationary member 20 is also inclined to the revolving shaft at the same angle as that of the side of the rotary body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic solid material pulverizer represented by natural rubber and the like, and an organic solid material pulverizer adjustment method.

  As an example of organic solids, rubber materials such as natural rubber used in the manufacture of rubber products such as tires are mixed with minute impurities such as stones, sand, and wood chips inside the bulk of rubber materials and sheets. May have. In order to remove these impurities, which may deteriorate the quality of rubber products, the rubber material is pulverized and pulverized, and the pulverized rubber material is washed in a water-washing pool etc. The impurities exposed on the surface of the formed rubber material are washed away and separated. Conventionally, as a pulverizer for the rubber material used for this impurity separation, a general-purpose pulverizer such as a hammer mill or an extruder is used when crushing rubber products.

  There is also a method of filtering and separating solid impurities contained in the rubber material by passing the pulverized rubber material through a strainer. In this method, the rubber material that is an elastic body can be elastically deformed and passed through the strainer screen by applying strong pressure to the strainer, whereas impurities cannot elastically deform and cannot pass through the strainer. Impurities larger than the strainer mesh size can be easily removed.

  As a technique related to the processing of rubber material, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a facility for processing used rubber and used rubber products by a plurality of times of low temperature pulverization, and a low temperature cooling device for cooling a material to be pulverized. And a facility for processing used rubber of a type provided with a foreign matter separator and a classifier. Not only the natural rubber described above, but also synthetic rubber as a rubber material, and the case where used rubber recovered from a product for recycling is used as a rubber material, there is an apparatus for pulverizing rubber to remove impurities and foreign matters. That is where it is being sought.

JP-T-2004-511344 (Claims etc.)

  In the past, rubber materials were pulverized by combining a plurality of pulverizers such as a hammer mill and an extruder, which required many man-hours for pulverization. In addition, rubber materials, especially unvulcanized rubber such as natural rubber, have strong adhesiveness and adhesion, so conventional pulverizers have a limit of 3 to 6 mm square. Conversion was difficult. Food grinders have a device that grinds smaller than 3 to 6 mm square. However, when this food grinder is diverted to rubber crushing, blade wear is large and blade clearance is large. There was a problem that when the usage limit was exceeded, the frequency of replacing the blade increased.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to pulverize a massive rubber and to reduce the replacement frequency of a blade for making the rubber finer, and to reduce the frequency of replacement of the organic solid matter and the organic solid matter. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting a grinding device.

  The organic solid material crusher of the present invention has a rotating member having a plurality of rotating blades radially outward from the rotating shaft, and a plurality of fixed blades arranged in close proximity to the rotating blades of the rotating member. An annular fixing member provided concentrically with the rotating member around the rotating member, and a side surface corresponding to the rotating blade in the rotating body when the rotating member is rotated around a rotating shaft, The fixed blade of the fixing member is inclined at the same angle as the side surface of the rotating body with respect to the rotating shaft.

  In the organic solid matter pulverizing apparatus of the present invention, an adjusting unit that adjusts an interval between the rotary blade and the fixed blade by moving one or both of the rotary member and the fixed member along the rotation axis. It is preferable to provide. The rotating member is composed of an impeller having a disk part and a plurality of blade parts attached to the disk part, and has a rubber inlet in the extending direction of the rotating shaft, and the rotating member of the rotating member It is preferable that the side surface has a shape that tapers as it approaches the rubber inlet.

  In the organic solid material crusher of the present invention, the angle formed between the side surface of the rotating member of the rotating member and the rotating shaft and the angle formed between the fixed blade of the fixing member and the rotating shaft are 1 to 30 °. It is within the range, the interval between the rotary blade of the rotary member and the fixed blade of the fixed member is 1 mm or less, the rotational speed of the rotary member is 3000 to 10000 rpm, more preferably 4000 to 6000 rpm, It is also preferable that the outer diameter of the side surface of the rotating body of the rotating member is 120 mm or more at the position of the minimum diameter.

  The adjustment method of the organic solid material crusher of the present invention is based on the interval between the rotary blade of the rotating member and the fixed blade of the fixed member when the organic solid material such as rubber is pulverized using the organic solid material pulverizer. When the upper limit of the value is reached, one or both of the rotating member and the solid member are moved along the rotation axis to adjust the distance between the rotating blade of the rotating member and the fixed blade of the fixing member. And

  According to the present invention, the organic solid material crusher has a rotating member having a plurality of rotating blades radially outward from the rotating shaft, and a plurality of fixed blades disposed in close proximity to the rotating blades of the rotating member. Then, by providing an annular fixing member provided concentrically with the rotating member around the rotating member, organic solids such as rubber can be made finer than conventional organic solid grinders, Further, since the rotary blade of the rotary member and the fixed blade of the fixed member are inclined at the same angle with respect to the rotary axis, the blade can be moved by moving one or both of the rotary member and the fixed member in the rotary axis direction. The interval between the rotary blade and the solid blade when the blade is worn can be adjusted, so that the frequency of blade replacement can be reduced.

It is a mimetic diagram of an organic solid crusher of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical fragmentary sectional view of the organic solid crusher of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of an impeller. It is a perspective view of an annular blade. It is sectional drawing of the combination of the impeller of FIG. 3, and the annular blade of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view explaining grinding | pulverization of organic solid materials, such as a rubber material. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rotary blade 10c of an impeller 10 and a fixed blade 20c of an annular blade 20. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the impeller of a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing of the cyclic | annular braid | blade of a comparative example. It is a figure explaining the adjustment method of the clearance between a rotary blade and a blade fixed blade. It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of a high purity rubber material. It is a graph which shows the change of the adhesion ratio of the rubber | gum with respect to the change of the clearance between the rotary blade and the fixed blade 20c. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the abrasion loss of a rotary blade, and the size of a rubber ground material. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the clearance area of a blade, and the electric current used at the time of a grinding | pulverization.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the organic solid material crushing apparatus and the adjustment method thereof according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  An organic solid material pulverizing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention shown schematically in FIG. 1 includes an upper cover 2 and a body cover 3 connected to the lower end of the upper cover 2. An impeller 10 as a rotating member and an annular blade 20 as a fixing member, which will be described in detail later, are provided in an internal space formed by the cover 3 as a means for pulverizing organic solids such as rubber. An organic solid material input port 2a such as rubber is formed at the upper end of the center portion of the upper cover 2, and an input guide 4 is connected to the organic solid material input port 2a such as rubber. A motor 5 for driving the impeller 10 is provided on the side of the body cover 3, and the driving force from the motor 5 is transmitted to the impeller 10 by a transmission means, for example, a belt 6.

  As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the impeller 10 as a rotating member and the annular blade 20 as a fixing member are provided vertically below the charging port 2 a of the upper cover 2. In the impeller 10, the tip end of the shaft 8 that rotates by receiving a driving force from the belt 6 that circulates and moves in the belt cover 7 is fixed to the rotation center of the impeller 10, and the rotation axis of the impeller 10 is vertical. It is provided to become. The annular blade 20 is provided around the impeller 10 so that the central axis of the annular blade 20 is concentric with the rotational axis of the impeller 10.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, an example of the impeller 10 includes a disc portion 10a made of a circular flat plate perpendicular to the rotation axis of the impeller 10 and a peripheral edge of one plane of the disc portion 10a. And a plurality of blade portions 10b. The illustrated impeller 10 is an example having four blade portions 10b and is preferably 3-4, but the number of blades is not limited to 3-4. However, since the impeller 10 rotates at a high speed in response to the driving force from the motor 5, it is preferable that the impellers 10 be a plurality of rotationally symmetrical arrangements about the rotation axis so that the impeller 10 can rotate with a good balance.

  The organic solid material crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can efficiently rub the organic solid material such as rubber that has been charged to the annular blade 20 because the rotating member is the impeller 10.

  The impeller 10 shown in FIG. 3 rotates clockwise when viewed from above the rotation shaft. In the blade portion 10b, the base portion of the blade portion 10b connected to the disc portion 10a extends to the peripheral portion along the radial direction of the disc portion 10a, and the blade portion 10b is separated from the disc portion 10a at the peripheral portion. Although it may be provided so as to stand in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper end of the blade portion 10 b is more than the base portion of the blade portion 10 b when viewed from the side at the peripheral edge of the disc. The shape may be a shape that is moving forward in the direction of rotation or a shape that is moving backward. In the example of FIG. 3, two blade portions 10 b adjacent to each other along the circumference of the disk portion 10 a are blades whose upper ends are advanced in the rotational direction from the base, and the other upper ends are rotational directions from the base. It has become a feather that has been retreated. Further, the blade whose upper end is advanced in the rotation direction from the base has a higher height from the disk than the blade whose upper end is retracted in the rotation direction from the base. In the impeller formed by combining these blades, organic solids such as a rubber material to be crushed are not unevenly distributed in the height direction on the inner peripheral surface of the annular blade 20, so that it is effectively used over the entire inner peripheral surface of the annular blade 20. can do.

  Each of the blade portions 10b of the impeller 10 is provided with a rotary blade 10c at the corner of the outer end in the direction away from the center of the disk toward the rotational direction.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4, an example of the annular blade 20 is configured such that a plurality of vertical blades 20a are provided along a circumferential direction with a predetermined interval, and adjacent vertical blades 20a are horizontally mounted. A plurality of horizontal blades 20b are provided in the vertical direction and are provided at predetermined intervals. The horizontal blades 20b are formed by a combination of the vertical blades 20a and the horizontal blades 20b. The inner diameter of the annular blade 20 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the impeller 10, so that the impeller 10 can be accommodated concentrically in the hollow portion of the annular blade.

  The vertical blade 20 a of the annular blade 20 is provided with a fixed blade 20 c on the inner peripheral side of the annular blade 20. In the illustrated example, the sharp tip of the vertical blade 20a also serves as the fixed blade 20c. The fixed blade 20c is formed so as to be close to the rotary blade 10c provided on the blade portion 10b of the impeller 10 facing the fixed blade 20c in the vertical direction with a predetermined gap. Further, the lateral blade 20b of the annular blade 20 has a thin plate shape.

  The particle size of the pulverized product obtained by pulverizing organic solids such as rubber by the organic solid pulverizer 1 is two vertical blades 20a adjacent in the circumferential direction and two adjacent in the vertical direction. Depending on the size of the opening formed surrounded by the horizontal blade 20b. Therefore, the interval between the vertical blades 20a adjacent in the circumferential direction and the horizontal blade 20b adjacent in the vertical direction are set so as to have a size of an opening so as to obtain an organic solid pulverized product such as rubber smaller than the conventional pulverizer. The interval is determined.

  For example, in order to obtain a finely divided rubber material having a size of about 3 mm square or less after pulverization, the interval between the vertical blade 20a and the horizontal blade 20b is preferably 2 mm or less, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 2 mm. If this interval is too wide, it will be difficult to make the rubber material finer in the above range. On the other hand, when the interval is too narrow, it becomes difficult for rubber to be discharged from the openings between the vertical blades 20a and the horizontal blades 20b, which causes a decrease in productivity. By adjusting to the said range, rubber material can be refined | miniaturized to 3 mm square or less, especially 0.5-3 mm square.

  FIG. 5 shows a state in which the impeller 10 shown in FIG. 3 is accommodated concentrically in the hollow portion of the annular blade 20 shown in FIG. In addition, although the blade | wing part 10b of the impeller 10 has a complicated shape in which an upper end part advances or retreats compared with the base part connected with the disc part 10a as already mentioned using FIG. In order to simplify and understand the characteristics of the present invention in a unified manner, in FIG. 5, when a rotating body formed by rotating the impeller 10 around the rotation axis is cut by a plane including the rotation axis. The blade portion 10b is shown by the cross section shown in FIG.

  The rotating body has a truncated cone shape having a concave portion at the center. The side surface of the truncated cone shape corresponds to a locus when the rotary blade 10c provided in the blade portion 10b rotates around the rotation axis. In other words, the frustoconical side surface is a portion corresponding to the rotary blade 10c.

  The side surface of the truncated cone-shaped rotating body is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the impeller 10. This corresponds to the rotary blade 10c in the cross section of the blade portion 10b shown in FIG. 5, and the line segment indicating the side surface of the truncated cone has a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the impeller 10. It is expressed by

  The fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20 is inclined with respect to the rotation axis of the impeller 10 at the same angle as the side surface of the truncated cone shape. This is represented by the fact that the line segment indicating the fixed blade 20c has a predetermined angle with respect to the rotational axis of the impeller 10 in the cross section of the annular blade 20 shown in FIG.

  A plurality of shims 21 having a predetermined thickness are detachably provided on the bottom surface of the annular blade 20 shown in FIG. By attaching and detaching the shim 21, the annular blade 20 is movable along the central axis.

  The operation | movement of the grinding | pulverization of organic solid substances, such as rubber | gum, in the organic solid substance grinding | pulverization apparatus 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. Organic solids such as rubber to be crushed are charged into the organic solid pulverizer 1 from the charging guide 4 through the organic solid charging port 2a. The size of the organic solid material such as rubber to be added is preferably a fist size or smaller. For this reason, it is more preferable to pre-grind organic solids such as rubber materials using a pulverizer such as a prebreaker, a hammer mill, an extruder, etc., and adjust the size to about 20 to 50 mm square. . Depending on the outer diameter of the impeller and the capacity of the apparatus, if the size of the organic solids such as the rubber material to be added is too large, the production yield will decrease, while if it is too small, the pretreatment process will increase. Therefore, it also leads to a decrease in manufacturing yield.

  The organic solid material such as the rubber material to be input may be any solid rubber containing impurities and has a hardness that can be pulverized. Specifically, for example, it contains a large amount of impurities. In addition to natural rubber (unvulcanized rubber), unvulcanized or vulcanized rubber compositions containing natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers can be used.

  The organic solid material such as rubber is preferably added together with water in a solid-liquid mixed state. Before charging, water serves as a carrier for organic solids such as rubber. Organic solids such as rubber pulverized by the organic solid pulverizer of the present embodiment have a large surface area due to pulverization, and therefore have high adhesion, and the inner surface of the upper cover 2 and the trunk cover 3 or the belt cover. 7 easily adheres. The water discharged from the opening of the annular blade together with the pulverized organic solid matter such as rubber can effectively suppress the adhesion of the pulverized organic solid matter such as rubber. The amount of water charged into the organic solid material crusher 1 can be, for example, 100 liters per minute or more, particularly 100 to 200 liters per minute.

  The impeller 10 receives a driving force from the motor 5 and rotates at a rotational speed of about 3000 to 10000 rpm. Preferably it is 4000 rpm or more, 4700 rpm or more, Furthermore, it is preferable to set it as the range of 4700-6000 rpm. If the rotational speed of the impeller 10 is too low, organic solids such as rubber cannot be cut, which is not preferable. If the rotational speed is too high, mechanical vibration increases and causes damage.

  As shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 6, the organic solid material such as a rubber material put on the impeller 10 moves toward the inner peripheral surface of the annular blade 20 by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller 10. To do. On the inner peripheral surface, the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 pivots in a shearing direction with respect to the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20, so that organic solids such as a rubber material are removed from the annular blade 20 by the impeller 10. The vertical blade 20c is cut by the fixed blade 20c and the rotary blade 10c while being pressed against the inner peripheral surface, and passes through the opening formed by the vertical blade 20a and the horizontal blade 20b of the annular blade 20. It is cut by the blade 20a and the horizontal blade 20b and extruded from the opening to the outer peripheral surface side of the horizontal blade 20b to obtain a pulverized product having a desired particle size.

  In the organic solid material crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the impeller 10, and the fixed blade 20 c of the annular blade 20 is a blade. The rotation angle of the wheel 10 is inclined at the same angle as the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10. In other words, the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 and the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20 have a taper angle with respect to the rotation axis when the impeller 10 rotates. As a result, the area where the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c face each other is increased even when the impeller and the annular blade have the same height as compared with the case where the blade is not inclined with respect to the rotating shaft, and the pulverization operation is performed. Can improve the efficiency.

  Next, in the organic solid matter pulverizing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a description will be given of the operational effect of providing a plurality of detachable shims 21 having a predetermined thickness on the bottom surface of the annular blade 20.

  As shown in a partial cross-sectional view of the main part in FIG. 7, the interval (clearance) C between the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 and the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20 is a predetermined interval in the initial state, Specifically, it is adjusted to be 0.2 mm, for example. However, if the operation of pulverizing organic solids such as rubber described above is continued, the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 is worn. According to the inventor's investigation, it has been found that the wear amount of the rotary blade 10 c of the impeller 10 is larger than the wear amount of the fixed blade 20 c of the annular blade 20. When the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 is worn, the distance C between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c increases.

  When the rotary blade 10c is worn by grinding and the interval C becomes large, the crushed material is likely to adhere to the inner surface of the upper cover 2 and the inner surface of the body cover 3, and continuous operation becomes impossible. This is because when the rotary blade 10c is worn and the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c increases, the pulverization mechanism by shear fracture using the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c changes to tensile fracture. it is conceivable that. Organic solids such as rubber pulverized by tensile fracture have a large surface area and high adhesion, so that organic solids such as rubber are formed on the inner surface of the upper cover 2, the inner surface of the trunk cover 3, and the belt cover 7. The crushed material adheres. Then, the organic solid pulverized material such as rubber adhered to and deposited one after another from the attached organic solid pulverized material such as rubber, and the inner surface of the upper cover 2 is filled. In this case, the operation was stopped, and an operation for removing the deposits of pulverized organic solids such as rubber from the upper cover 2 or the like was required, resulting in an increase in maintenance time.

  Further, since the rotary blade 10c is worn and the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c increases, this is an obstacle to continuous operation. Therefore, the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c is periodically increased. If the impeller 10 is replaced when the clearance reaches the upper limit of the use standard range, accumulation on the inner surface of the upper cover 2 of the organic solid pulverized material such as rubber can be suppressed. As a comparative example, FIG. 8 is a plan view of the impeller 110 whose side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 110 is parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller 110 (FIG. 8A), front view (FIG. b)) and a perspective view (FIG. 9C). FIG. 9 is a plan view of the annular blade 120 in which the fixed blade 120c of the annular blade 120 is parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller 110. (A), a front view (b) and a perspective view (c). In the impeller 110 and the annular blade 120, when the rotary blade 10c is worn, the fixed blade 120c or the impeller 110 has to be replaced.

Furthermore, wear of the rotary blade 10c and an increase in the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c not only increase adhesion and adhesion, but also increase the size of pulverized organic solids such as rubber. Therefore, there are cases where a desired pulverized organic solid material such as rubber having a small size cannot be obtained continuously.
Further, an increase in the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c has caused an increase in power load during the operation of pulverizing the organic solid matter. Therefore, from the viewpoint of energy saving, it is preferable that the clearance can be maintained at a small value that does not exceed a predetermined standard.

  Therefore, in the organic solid material crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotating shaft of the impeller 10, and the fixed blade 20 c of the annular blade 20 is provided. The tilting axis of the impeller 10 is inclined at the same angle as the side surface of the truncated cone shape. And the adjustment means which adjusts the space | interval of a rotary blade and the said fixed blade by moving any one or both of the impeller 10 and the annular blade 20 along a rotating shaft is provided.

  This adjustment means corresponds to the shim 21 provided on the bottom surface of the annular blade 20 in the example shown in FIG. The annular blade 20 can be moved relative to the impeller 10 along the central axis by attaching / detaching the shim 21 or exchanging the shim 21 with one having a different thickness. When the annular blade 20 is moved relative to the impeller 10 along the central axis, the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 corresponding to the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c are inclined with respect to the rotary shaft. The clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c changes.

  An example of a clearance adjustment method will be described with reference to FIG. 10. First, a plurality of shims 21, and in the example of FIG. 10, two shims 21 are provided on the bottom surface of the annular blade 10 (FIG. 10A). . In addition, the height of the annular blade 10 is assumed to have a sufficient height with respect to the height of the impeller 10 so as not to interfere with the impeller 10 even if the shim 21 is removed. During the crushing operation, the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c is periodically measured, and when the clearance reaches the upper limit of the use reference range, the first shim 21 is removed and the clearance is initialized. The state value is restored (FIG. 10B). The crushing operation is restarted, and when the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c reaches the upper limit of the use reference range again, the second shim 21 is removed and the clearance is returned to the initial value ( FIG. 10 (c)).

  In this way, with respect to the increase in the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c due to wear of the rotary blade 10c, the thickness of the shim 21 is changed by attaching or detaching or replacing the shim 21, thereby the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade The clearance with 20c can be maintained within a predetermined range. For this reason, it is possible to effectively prevent the crushed rubber from adhering to the inner surface of the upper cover 2, the inner surface of the body cover 3, and the belt cover 7, thereby shortening the maintenance time. Moreover, the replacement frequency of the expensive rotary blade 10c and the impeller 10 can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the size of pulverized organic solids such as rubber can be kept small. Moreover, the electric power at the time of a grinding | pulverization can be reduced.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 5 and 10, the shim 21 is used as the adjusting means. However, the adjusting means is not limited to the shim 21, and either one or both of the impeller 10 and the annular blade 20 are arranged along the rotation axis. Any means that can be moved can be applied to the adjusting means. However, the shim 21 is preferable because it is a simple means.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 5 and 10, the annular blade 20 is moved in the rotation axis direction. However, the adjusting means may move the impeller 10 in the rotation axis direction. It may be provided on the impeller 10 and the annular blade 20. However, since the impeller 10 is connected to the shaft 8 that transmits the driving force from the motor 5, the adjustment means for moving the annular blade 20 in the direction of the rotation axis as shown in FIGS. Is simple and preferred.

  In the example shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 10, the direction in which the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular blade 20 are inclined with respect to the rotation axis indicates that the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 is organic solid. It is in a direction that tapers as it approaches the organic solid material inlet 2a of the material crusher 1. That is, the inner space of the rotating body of the impeller 10 and the inner side of the annular blade 20 has a shape that becomes wider as the distance from the organic solid material inlet 2a increases along the rotation axis direction. With such a shape, an organic solid material such as a rubber material thrown in by the centrifugal force of the impeller 10 acts to move in a direction close to the disk portion 10a of the impeller 10, so that the rubber material or the like It is possible to reliably pulverize the organic solids. However, the direction of the inclination is not limited to the illustrated example, and conversely, it may be a direction that expands toward the organic solid material inlet 2a. In this case, when the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 is worn, the shim 21 is added to the bottom surface of the annular blade 20 and stacked, thereby maintaining the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c within a predetermined range. can do.

  The angle between the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 and the rotation shaft, and the angle θ (see FIG. 5) between the fixed blade on the inner peripheral surface of the annular blade 20 and the rotation shaft are within a range of 1 to 30 °. It is preferable that If the angle is too small, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the shim 21. If the angle is too large, the inner diameter of the annular blade 20 varies greatly in the height direction. Due to the difference in the height direction of the inner diameter of the annular blade 20, the moving speed of the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 with respect to the fixed blade 20c is greatly different in the height direction, and the rotary blade 10c may be unevenly worn. . If the wear of the rotary blade 10c is not uniform, it becomes difficult to adjust the clearance between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c using shims. A preferred angle is about 5 °.

  The distance between the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 and the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20 may be determined by the size of the pulverized organic solid material such as rubber to be obtained. Since it changes from a shear fracture to a tensile fracture to enhance the adhesion of an organic solid pulverized product such as rubber, the range for maintaining the shear fracture is preferably 1 mm or less. More preferably, it is 0.4 mm or less. About a minimum, it can be set as about 0.2 mm as an initial set value.

  The outer diameter of the side surface of the rotating body of the impeller 10 and the inner diameter of the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20 are 120 mm or more at the position of the end portion that becomes the minimum diameter in the tapered shape or the tapered shape along the rotation axis. Is preferred. In order to pulverize organic solids such as a rubber material having a fist large size, the impeller 10 and the annular blade 20 need to have a certain size, and therefore the inner diameter or the outer diameter should be 120 mm or more. preferable.

  The organic solid pulverizing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment is a method and apparatus for producing a pulverized product of an organic solid such as a high-purity rubber material by removing impurities mixed in the organic solid such as a rubber material. Can be used. An example of a high purity rubber material manufacturing apparatus and method will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. A manufacturing apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 11 includes a rubber pulverizer apparatus 1 that pulverizes and pulverizes a rubber material containing impurities, and a remover 40 that removes the impurities attached to the pulverized rubber material. Prepare. As the rubber pulverizer device 1, the organic solid material pulverizer device 1 of the present embodiment described above can be used. A water supply pump 31 and a rubber raw material supply feeder 32 are connected to the rubber crusher apparatus 1. The rubber raw material supplied from the rubber raw material supply feeder 32 is mixed with the water supplied by the pump 31 and supplied to the rubber crusher apparatus 1 in a solid-liquid mixed state.

  The remover 40 removes impurities exposed on the surface of the rubber pulverized product, and separates the rubber and impurities by giving an impact to the pulverized rubber product by washing the finely pulverized rubber pulverized product with water. A water-washing type removing machine having a function is preferable. In the example shown in FIG. 11, the remover 40 includes a jet water flow device 41 provided near the rubber crusher device 1 to generate a strong water flow, a pool 42 for circulating the water flow, and a water channel in the pool 42. A paddle 43 that keeps the water flow constant, a fence 44 that is provided in the water channel of the pool and that captures the rubber crushed material, and a collection unit 45 that collects the rubber crushed material captured by the fence 44. I have.

  The rubber pulverized material obtained by pulverizing the rubber material by the rubber pulverizer apparatus 1 has a very large adhesion because of its large surface area. Therefore, if the rubber pulverized product is left as it is, re-adhesion occurs between the rubber pulverized products, and it becomes difficult to remove impurities exposed on the rubber material surface. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the removing step immediately after the rubber material pulverizing step by the rubber pulverizer apparatus 1 or simultaneously with the pulverizing step. From this point of view, the rubber pulverizer apparatus 1 is disposed close to the pool 42 of the remover 40, and the rubber crushed material is discharged from below the trunk cover 3 of the rubber pulverizer apparatus 1 and immediately put into the water flow of the pool 42. It is possible. Further, since the jet water flow device 41 is provided in the vicinity of the rubber pulverizer device 1, it is possible to give impact to the rubber pulverized product with a water flow, so that the re-adhesion of the finely divided rubber material is prevented and the rubber is rubbed. The separation of the material and the impurity is promoted, and the impurity can be surely removed. In addition to the jet water flow device 41, a water flow pump (not shown) can be considered as a device capable of giving an impact to the crushed rubber with a water flow. In addition, a device capable of giving an impact to the rubber material by generating a vortex like a washing machine with a dehydrating function is also effective.

  The flow rate of water in the pool by the jet water flow device 41 is equal to or greater than 0.2 m / s, particularly 0.2 to 1 m / s, more preferably 0, immediately below the rubber crushing device 1. It is preferable to set in the range of 5 to 1 m / s. As the flow rate of water at the place where the rubber pulverized material is charged into the pool 42 is faster, impurities can be effectively removed before the rubber pulverized material is re-agglomerated. Variations can be reduced. When the flow rate of water is too slow, the impact on the rubber material is too small, and the impurities are not sufficiently separated from the surface of the rubber material, and the impurities may remain on the surface of the rubber material.

  The water channel length of the pool 42 is preferably 4 m or more, and more preferably about 4 to 10 m. If the length of the pool 42 is too short, impurities separated from the rubber material may not settle down completely, and may be attached again.

  The pool 42 is preferably provided with a paddle 43 for keeping the water flow constant as shown. The water flow can be kept constant by providing the paddles 43 at a plurality of locations in the pool 42, for example, about 2 to 3 locations in a 6 m long pool. When the paddle 43 is provided, the flow rate of water in the pool on the downstream side of the place where the paddle 43 is provided is preferably 0.1 m / s or less, particularly 0.02 to 0.1 m / s. Whether or not the paddle 43 is used does not significantly affect the average value and variation of the foreign matter rate of the high-purity rubber material obtained.

  The rubber material separated from the impurities in the pool 42 flows into the collection unit 45 provided with the fence 44 according to the water flow. Therefore, the crushed rubber from which impurities have been removed can be taken out from the recovery unit 45. The water flowing into the recovery unit 45 together with the rubber crushed material flows out of the recovery unit 45 through the mesh of the rubber trapping fence 44 and is returned to the pool 42, and via a water supply unit 46 connected to the recovery unit. Are supplied to the jet water flow device 41 and ejected from the jet water flow device 41.

  The crushed rubber collected from the collection unit 45 is appropriately dried and used as a high-purity rubber material.

  The high purity rubber material manufacturing apparatus 30 using the organic solid material crusher apparatus 1 of the present embodiment performs the foreign matter ratio in the rubber material by combining a plurality of crushers such as a hammer mill and an extruder with the rubber crushing. Compared to the conventional apparatus, it can be reduced to about half or less. Specifically, the removal rate of impurities in the remover 40 is a foreign matter rate in the finely divided rubber material, which is 0.2. % Or less, and further 0.1 to 0% of range can be achieved. Here, the foreign matter rate in the rubber material can be determined as follows. First, the dried rubber material (mass M (g)) is heated and decomposed in a high-boiling nonpolar organic solvent such as xylene, and the remaining impurities are filtered through a mesh having an opening of, for example, 47 μm. If the mass of impurities remaining on the mesh is m (g), the foreign matter rate can be obtained by (m / M) × 100 (mass%).

  The production apparatus 30 for high-purity rubber material is a solid natural rubber that has a large amount of impurities but is excellent in transportability and is inexpensive, and is similar to a liquid natural rubber latex that has a small amount of impurities but poor transportability and is expensive. Therefore, it can be easily purified and the cost of rubber products using natural rubber can be improved.

  Using the organic solid material crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the adhesion ratio of rubber when natural rubber containing impurities was crushed was investigated. FIG. 12 is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the distance (clearance) between the rotary blade 10c of the impeller 10 and the fixed blade 20c of the annular blade 20, and the vertical axis represents the rubber adhesion ratio. In FIG. 12, the rubber adhesion ratio is determined by placing a horizontally placed triangular pyramid having a bottom surface of a rectangle of 170 mm × 150 mm and a height of 70 mm immediately below the pulverizer shown in FIG. Adjust the amount of crushed rubber to fall on the slope (metal surface) of °, and investigate the amount of crushed rubber dropped on the slope and the amount of rubber attached to the slope. It is obtained as a ratio of the amount of attached rubber.

  From FIG. 12, it can be seen that the adhesiveness of the rubber pulverized product is increased by the increase in the clearance, and the proportion of the rubber adhered is increased. Since adhesion frequently occurred when the adhesion ratio of rubber reached 70%, the shim 21 shown in FIG. 5 was removed so that the clearance was kept at 0.4 mm or less. The adhesion of things could be prevented.

  FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the wear amount of the rotary blade 10c when natural rubber containing impurities is pulverized and the pulverized size of the obtained rubber pulverized product using the organic solid material pulverizing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment. Show. FIG. 13 shows that the size increases as the wear amount increases. Therefore, it is effective to remove the shim 21 shown in FIG. 5 and adjust the clearance within a predetermined range in order to keep the size of the obtained rubber pulverized product small.

  The relationship between the clearance area between the rotary blade 10c and the fixed blade 20c when the natural rubber containing impurities is crushed using the organic solid pulverizer 1 of the present embodiment, and the current used during pulverization. As shown in FIG. From FIG. 14, it can be seen that as the gap area increases, the current used increases, in other words, the power consumption increases. Therefore, in order to suppress an increase in power consumption and save energy, it is effective to remove the shim 21 shown in FIG. 5 and adjust the clearance within a predetermined range.

  As mentioned above, although the adjustment method of the organic solid crushing apparatus and organic solid crushing apparatus of this invention was demonstrated using embodiment and drawing, the organic solid crushing apparatus of this invention and its adjustment method are embodiment and drawing. Many variations are possible without being limited to the description.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic solid crusher 2 Upper cover 2a Input port 3 Body cover 4 Input guide 5 Motor 6 Belt 7 Belt cover 8 Shaft 10 Impeller (rotating member)
10a disc part 10b blade part 10c rotary blade 20 annular blade (fixing member)
20a Vertical blade 20b Horizontal blade 20c Fixed blade 21 Shim

Claims (10)

A rotating member having a plurality of rotating blades radially outward from the rotation axis;
An annular fixed member having a plurality of fixed blades arranged in close proximity to the rotary blade of the rotary member and provided concentrically with the rotary member around the rotary member;
With
In the rotating body when the rotating member is rotated around the rotating shaft, the side surface corresponding to the rotating blade is inclined with respect to the rotating shaft, and
An organic solid material crusher characterized in that a fixed blade of the fixing member is inclined at the same angle as a side surface of the rotating body with respect to the rotating shaft.   2. The organic solid pulverization according to claim 1, further comprising an adjusting unit that adjusts an interval between the rotary blade and the fixed blade by moving one or both of the rotary member and the fixed member along the rotation axis. apparatus.   The organic solid material crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotating member includes an impeller having a disk part and a plurality of blade parts attached to the disk part.   The organic solid material inlet is provided in the extending direction of the rotating shaft, and the side surface of the rotating body of the rotating member has a shape that tapers as it approaches the organic solid inlet. An organic solid material crusher as described in 1.   The angle formed between the side surface of the rotating body of the rotating member and the rotating shaft and the angle formed between the fixed blade of the fixing member and the rotating shaft are in the range of 1 to 30 °. The organic solid material crusher according to item.   The organic solid material crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an interval between the rotary blade of the rotary member and the fixed blade of the fixed member is 1 mm or less.   The rotation rate of the said rotation member is 3000-10000 rpm, The organic solid substance grinding | pulverization apparatus of any one of Claims 1-6.   The rotation rate of the said rotation member is 4000-6000 rpm, The organic solid substance grinding | pulverization apparatus of any one of Claims 1-6.   The organic solid material crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an outer diameter of a side surface of the rotating member of the rotating member is 120 mm or more at a position of a minimum diameter.   In pulverizing the organic solid using the organic solid pulverizer according to claim 1, the distance between the rotary blade of the rotary member and the fixed blade of the fixed member reaches the upper limit of the reference value. An organic solid material, wherein one or both of the rotating member and the solid member are moved along the rotation axis to adjust the distance between the rotating blade of the rotating member and the fixed blade of the fixing member. Adjustment method of crusher.

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