JP2016535106A - 電界グレーディング用組成物 - Google Patents
電界グレーディング用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
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Abstract
Description
例えばケーブル終端に隣接した領域に存在しうる高い電気的ストレスを低減(例えば放散)するために例えば高電圧ケーブルの付属品(スプライス及び成端器)では、電気的ストレスの制御がしばしば必要とされる。
大まかな概要において、本明細書では、ポリマーマトリックス中に分散された粒子状四酸化三鉄材料を含む電界グレーディング組成物を開示する。かかる組成物を含む物品、及びその使用方法も開示する。本発明のこれらの態様及び他の態様は、以下の詳細な説明より明らかとなろう。しかしながら、この大まかな概要は、特許請求可能な主題が、最初に出願された出願の特許請求の範囲に示されているか、又は手続きの際に補正されるか若しくは他の形で示される特許請求の範囲に示されているかによらず、いかなる場合においてもこうした主題を限定するものとして解釈されてはならない。
電気機器(例えば約10kV以上のような中電圧又は高電圧で動作するパワーケーブルなどを含む)は、機能的に電気的に絶縁するだけの材料(例えば低電圧ケーブル用の絶縁体として広く用いられているポリマー材料など)によっては適切に低減することができない電気的ストレスに曝されうる。こうした用途では、例えば、抵抗性グレーディング材料などの電気的ストレス制御材料を用いることが有用でありうる。かかる抵抗性グレーディング材料は「非線形」材料であってよい(すなわち非線形の電流−電圧の関係を示しうる)。これに対して、「線形」材料は、一般に、オームの法則(式1)に従い、材料に流れる電流は、印加される電圧に直線的に比例する。すなわち、
I=kV
(1)
ただし、I=電流、V=電圧、kは定数である。
I=kVγ
(2)
ただし、γ(ガンマ)は、1よりも大きい定数であり、その値は材料によって決まる。
実施形態1は、ポリマーマトリックス中に分散された粒子状四酸化三鉄材料を含み、可逆的な非線形の電流−電圧の関係を示す、電界グレーディング組成物である。実施形態2は、前記四酸化三鉄材料が焼結されていない、実施形態1の組成物である。実施形態3は、前記四酸化三鉄材料がドープされていない、実施形態1又は2の組成物である。実施形態4は、約10〜約20の比誘電率を有する、実施形態1〜3のいずれかの組成物である。実施形態5は、前記四酸化三鉄材料が、組成物の約15体積%〜約45体積%を構成する、実施形態1〜4のいずれかの組成物である。実施形態6は、室温で10kHzの周波数において約0.05以下の損失正接を有する、実施形態1〜5のいずれかの組成物である。
(実施例1)
液体シリコーンポリマー(Sylgard 184シリコーンベース、約3.0g)と液体硬化剤(Sylgard 184シリコーン硬化剤、約0.5g)との混合物を、小さなプラスチック容器に、約7.75gの四酸化三鉄粉末とともに入れた。高速ミキサー(DAC 150 FVZ、シーメンス社(Siemens))を使用して(約2000rpmで約60秒間)、粉末を液体シリコーン混合物中に分散させた。得られた混合物を円形のプラスチック成形型に注ぎ入れ、約150℃に設定した対流オーブン中に約1時間入れた。次いで得られた物品を2枚のアルミニウム板の間に挟み、積層体全体をCarver実験室用プレス(モデル2699)内に置いた。このプレスを用いて、約6トンの力を30分間かけた(試料を室温に保持した状態で)。次いで試料の温度を約100℃に約4時間上げた。複数の実験で、様々な厚さのアルミニウム板(及び必要に応じてスペーサー)を使用した。得られた物品は、平均の厚さが約1mm〜約4mmの範囲の可撓性の固体シートであった。これらの組成物及び物品は、約30体積%の四酸化三鉄粒子を含んでいた(残部はシリコーン)。
実施例1に述べたのと同様にして代表的な物品を作製し、試験した。ただし、この場合、図2に示されるように、電圧の立ち下がり(下降)の間、及び立ち上がりの間の電流を監視した。電流−電圧の関係の可逆的な性質が図2に明らかである。
液体シリコーンポリマー(Sylgard 184シリコーンエラストマーベース、約5.5g)と液体硬化剤(Sylgard 184シリコーンエラストマー硬化剤、約1.0g)との混合物を、小さなプラスチック容器に、約10.3gの四酸化三鉄粉末及び8.78gのチタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3)粉末とともに入れた。高速ミキサー(DAC 150 FVZ、シーメンス社(Siemens))を使用して(約2000rpmで約60秒間)、粉末を液体シリコーン混合物中に分散させた。得られた混合物を実施例1と概ね同様にして硬化させた。このようにして、平均の厚さが約1mm〜約4mmの範囲の可撓性の固体シートである各種の物品を作製した。これらの組成物及び物品は、約20体積%の四酸化三鉄粒子及び約15体積%のチタン酸バリウム粒子を含んでいた(残部はシリコーン)。得られた物品の電流−電圧(I−V)の関係を上記に述べたのと概ね同様にして測定した。立ち上がり及び立ち下がりの両方の間のデータを取得した。結果を図3に示す。得られた物品の周波数応答についても、Agilent E4980A精密LCR測定計を使用して評価した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (22)
- ポリマーマトリックス中に分散された粒子状四酸化三鉄材料を含み、可逆的な非線形の電流−電圧の関係を示す、電界グレーディング組成物。
- 前記四酸化三鉄材料がドープされていない、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 約10〜約20の比誘電率を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記四酸化三鉄材料が、前記組成物の約15体積%〜約45体積%を構成する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 室温で10kHzの周波数において約0.05以下の損失正接を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリマーマトリックスが、熱可塑性材料、熱硬化性材料、ゲル、及びグリースからなる群から選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリマーマトリックスが、シリコーン;エポキシ;エチレン−プロピレン−ジエン;ポリオレフィン;ポリウレタン;エピクロロヒドリン;フルオロエラストマー;並びにこれらのコポリマー、ブレンド及び/又は混合物からなる群から選択されるポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 容量性電界グレーディング粒子状添加剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記容量性電界効果粒子状添加剤が、TiO2、CaTiO3、SrTiO3、BaTiO3、BaSrTiO3、SrTiO3、PbTiO3、Pb[ZrxTi(1−x)]O3、及びx[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3]−(1−x)[PbTiO3]からなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 導電性粒子状添加剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記導電性粒子状添加剤が、少なくとも約10:1のアスペクト比を示す、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記導電性粒子状添加剤がグラフェン系材料を含む、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記導電性粒子状添加剤がグラフェンを含む、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物を含む、物品。
- 前記物品がサージアレスタである、請求項14に記載の物品。
- 前記物品が電気的ストレス制御物品である、請求項14に記載の物品。
- 前記物品が高電圧ケーブルスプライスである、請求項14に記載の物品。
- 前記物品が高電圧成端器である、請求項14に記載の物品。
- 四酸化三鉄粒子をポリマー材料と混合して組成物を形成することと、前記組成物を物品に成形することと、を含む、物品の形成方法。
- 前記物品がサージアレスタである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記物品が電気的ストレス制御物品である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物を含む物品を電気ケーブルに近接して配置することを含む、電気的ストレス制御を行う方法。
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US201361882197P | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | |
US61/882,197 | 2013-09-25 | ||
PCT/US2014/055635 WO2015047769A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2014-09-15 | Compositions for electric field grading |
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JP2016535106A true JP2016535106A (ja) | 2016-11-10 |
JP2016535106A5 JP2016535106A5 (ja) | 2017-09-21 |
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US (1) | US9876342B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3050184A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2016535106A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105580229B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015047769A1 (ja) |
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WO2024005130A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-04 | Nok株式会社 | フッ素ゴム組成物 |
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CN106380756B (zh) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-12-04 | 灵武市海德鸿工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种高分子压电材料的制备方法 |
WO2019220345A1 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electric field grading composition, methods of making the same, and composite articles including the same |
WO2020188371A1 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multilayer electric field grading article, methods of making the same, and articles including the same |
US20240110035A1 (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh | Electrical stress grading compositions and devices including the same |
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US4431861A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1984-02-14 | Raychem Limited | Heat recoverable article for high voltage cable terminations and splices and method for making termination and splices using same |
US5294374A (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1994-03-15 | Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Electrical overstress materials and method of manufacture |
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DE2821017C3 (de) | 1978-05-12 | 1981-02-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co., Saint Paul, Minn. (V.St.A.) | Dielektrischer Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung elektrischer Felder, sowie seine Verwendung in Feldsteuerungselementen |
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GB8303462D0 (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1983-03-16 | Raychem Gmbh | Electrical stress control |
US4814546A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-03-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation suppression cover |
GB9600819D0 (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1996-03-20 | Raychem Gmbh | Electrical stress control |
CA2211813A1 (fr) | 1997-08-13 | 1999-02-13 | Sabin Boily | Varistances a base de poudres nanocristallines produites par broyage mecanique intense |
DE60104206T2 (de) | 2000-09-22 | 2005-09-22 | Galephar M/F | Halbfeste arzneizubereitung enthaltend isotretinoin |
DE102004053310A1 (de) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Mikrowellenaktive Siliconelastomere |
DE102008009333A1 (de) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Lapp Insulator Gmbh & Co. Kg | Feldgesteuerter Verbundisolator |
EP2513913A1 (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2012-10-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Dielectric material with non-linear dielectric constant |
US8435427B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2013-05-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Compositions having non-linear current-voltage characteristics |
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- 2014-09-15 WO PCT/US2014/055635 patent/WO2015047769A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-09-15 JP JP2016516920A patent/JP2016535106A/ja active Pending
- 2014-09-15 EP EP14848165.8A patent/EP3050184A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-09-15 CN CN201480052406.2A patent/CN105580229B/zh active Active
- 2014-09-15 US US14/917,573 patent/US9876342B2/en active Active
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JPS5029668A (ja) * | 1973-03-20 | 1975-03-25 | ||
US4431861A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1984-02-14 | Raychem Limited | Heat recoverable article for high voltage cable terminations and splices and method for making termination and splices using same |
US5294374A (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1994-03-15 | Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Electrical overstress materials and method of manufacture |
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WO2024005130A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-04 | Nok株式会社 | フッ素ゴム組成物 |
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CN105580229B (zh) | 2019-03-26 |
EP3050184A4 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
EP3050184A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
CN105580229A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
WO2015047769A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
US20160218498A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
US9876342B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
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