JP2016534874A - 流体処理装置およびプロセス - Google Patents
流体処理装置およびプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016534874A JP2016534874A JP2016548445A JP2016548445A JP2016534874A JP 2016534874 A JP2016534874 A JP 2016534874A JP 2016548445 A JP2016548445 A JP 2016548445A JP 2016548445 A JP2016548445 A JP 2016548445A JP 2016534874 A JP2016534874 A JP 2016534874A
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- nozzle
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、スラリまたはパルプを含む流体媒体を処理するための流体処理装置に関し、より詳細には、チョーク流を利用することにより、プロセスで生じる化学または物理反応を高める装置およびプロセスに関し、また関連する水圧キャビテーションを提供する。
[発明の背景]
鉱石から金やその他の貴金属を抽出するために、シアン化合物は、リキシビアント(lixiviant)として一般に使用される。スラリまたはパルプを形成するために、粉砕鉱石は、水等の液体と混合され、その後、これにシアン化カルシウムまたはシアン化ナトリウムが加えられる。酸化剤は、金、その他の金属の溶解に必要であり、酸素ガスが時々使用されるものの、大気は、酸化剤として使用するための酸素ガスの慣習的な源である。
本明細書では、流体は、パルプまたはスラリ等、固体材料を含んでも良い液体物質の他に、混入されたガス泡あるいは空気も含んでもよい液体物質を含むと見なされることになっている。液体は、水あるいは他の液体でもよく、固体材料は、粉砕または砕いた鉱石、重金属、水汚染物質、廃液、下水、セルロース等を含んでいてもよい。
[発明の概要]
本発明によれば、それによって流体が流れることができる、少なくとも第1及び第2チャンバの少なくとも2つのチャンバを含み、2つのチャンバは、第1チャンバ内に入り口を、第2チャンバ内に出口を有する少なくとも1つのチョークノズルによって分離され、そこにおいては、チョークノズルは、その入口における収束セクションと、スロートセクションと、スロートセクション直後の後方対向ステップと、第2チャンバ内に開放する出口における出口セクションと、を備える流体処理装置が提供される。
後方対向ステップは、一般に、少なくともある程度まで、スロートの直径に依存する距離によって、スロートセクションを越えて放射状に外へ延びていてもよく、特にチョークノズルの場合には、スロートの直径の約3〜約10%、好ましくは、4〜8%、そして最も好ましくは4.5〜5%である。より小さな直径スロートについては、これは、約1〜4mm、例えば約2〜3mmのステップを意味する。
流体の1つ以上の構成物質を分離するか、浄化するか、浸出するか、酸化させるために、装置はリアクタと流体連結するように構成されてもよい。
プロセスは、鉱石から金と他の鉱物を分離するプロセスの一部を形成していてもよく、より具体的には、そのプロセスは、低減されたシアン化合物の消費および/または改善された金属浸出のために鉱石を十分に酸化させるように、および/または、鉱石からの金粒子の浮選を容易化するように、粉砕鉱石、水およびシアン化カルシウムあるいはシアン化ナトリウムのスラリ内に酸素または空気が十分に拡散されることが、確実にされてもよい。
本発明は、鉱石からの金を回収するため、および、粉砕鉱石、水およびシアン化合物のスラリまたはパルプ内に酸素を溶解させるために、ここに詳細に記載されているが、本発明には多くの他の応用が有り得ることは、当業者に明白である。これらは、鉱物パルプの予備酸化と;鉱物産業における様々な金属有価物、例えば、金、白金属および、銅、コバルト、ニッケル、亜鉛、マンガンおよび鉛等の卑金属の他にウラニウムの、加速された浸出とを含み;例えば難溶性金鉱石の処理における、様々な鉱物の部分的または全体的な硫化物酸化用;シアン化合物の破壊、および、金産業におけるヒ素改善用;酸性鉱山排水の処理用;水処理への適用;紙パルプ工業における適用;バイオディーゼル産業における適用;浮選産業における調整および超微細泡生成用;およびガス洗浄用に使用される。
1つのノズルからの自由噴射が、受け入れカップ、または、ノズル下の入口コーンセクションへ突入する時、流体噴射内の乱流もまた、ガスの混入を促進するための重要な要因である。
本発明のプロセスおよび装置は、既知のプロセスと比較して、シアン化合物の破壊率が増加するように配置することができる。
図16は、本発明のリアクタが、浸出プラント内のカーボンへどのように統合されるかの略図を示す。本発明によるリアクタ(71)は、試薬消費を削減し、浸出の動力学を加速するために、2つの第1タンク(72)内に取り付けることができる。これは、シアン化合物破壊、並びに、ヒ素及び重金属除去ために利用される、最後の2つのタンクを解放することができる。浸出反応に触媒作用を及ぼすことに加えて、最後のタンク内の炭素は、可溶性の金の損失が最小限に維持されることも確実にするであろう。
続いて、工業規模のプラント試験が20日間にわたって実行され、最初の10日は、本発明のリアクタのスイッチが切られて行われ、次の10日間は、リアクタのスイッチが入れられて行われた。金の残留物の結果は図17に、シアン化合物の消費の結果は図18に示されている。0.32g/tの無価値残留物における金の残留物の低減という明瞭な改善、および、36%の低減という84g/tのシアン化合物の消費における改善がある。
2つのテストが、いずれもヒ素の不安定な形である、反応的なゲルスドルフ鉱および紅ヒニッケル鉱を含んでいる金鉱石上で行なわれた。
[表5]金浸出後のヒ素および残余金の値
Claims (14)
- 流体処理装置は、流体が流れることができる、第1と第2チャンバである少なくとも2つのチャンバを備え、前記2つのチャンバは、前記第1チャンバ内に入り口を、前記第2チャンバ内に出口を有する、少なくとも1つのチョークノズルによって分離されていて、そこにおいては、前記チョークノズルは、その入口における収束セクションと、スロートセクションと、前記スロートセクション直後の後方対向ステップと、前記第2チャンバ内で開放するその出口における出口セクションと、を含み、そこにおいては、前記チョークノズルは、正常運転条件の下のチョーク流の結果、キャビテーションを促進するように構成されている、流体処理装置。
- 前記収束セクション、前記スロート、および前記出口は、それぞれ、断面が円形であり、前記出口セクションが拡がっている、請求項1に記載の流体処理装置。
- ミキシングノズルが、チョークノズルに入る前またはチョークノズルから出た後で、あるいはその両方で、流体を混合するために前記装置内に含まれ、ミキシングノズルが、その入口における収束セクションと、スロートトセクションと、スロートセクション直後の後方対向ステップと、下流チャンバ内に開放するその出口における出口セクションと、を有する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の流体処理装置。
- ノズルの収束セクションが、1から35度の円錐角を有する、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の流体処理装置。
- 前記円錐角が15から35度である、請求項4に記載の流体処理装置。
- チョークノズルの前記後方対向ステップが、前記スロートの直径の3から10%まで、スロートセクションを越えて放射状に外へ拡がる、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の流体処理装置。
- 前記後方対向ステップが、4から8%まで、前記スロートセクションを越えて放射状に外へ拡がる、請求項6に記載の流体処理装置。
- 前記出口セクションが1から8度の円錐角で拡がる、請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の流体処理装置。
- 前記出口セクションが2から8度の円錐角で拡がる、請求項8に記載の流体処理装置。
- 前記装置が流体中のガスの拡散のために配置され、その場合、前記第2チャンバは、ノズルに対して一般に接線か、あるいは、結果として渦巻く動作を有する流れの方へガスが促されるように、ノズルの軸に対して横に延びる軸を有する1つ以上のガス入口を含む、前記請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の流体処理装置。
- ノズルへ拡がる出口セクションが、更なる連続した後方対向ステップを前記出口セクションに沿って有する、請求項1から請求項10いずれか1項に記載の流体処理装置。
- チョーク流を利用することによりプロセスで生じる化学または物理反応を高めるプロセスにおいて、前記プロセスは、流体をチョークノズルに通過させることを含み、前記チョークノズルは、収束セクションと、スロートセクションと、前記スロートセクション直後の後方対向ステップと、出口セクションと、を備え、前記出口セクションでは、前記流体の方向性あるフロー、角速度、遠心加速度、および直線加速度は、前記チョークノズルを通るチョーク流の結果として生じるキャビテーションを提供する条件を形成する、プロセス。
- 前記プロセスが流体内にガスを拡散することを含み、前記プロセスは、前記スロートセクションを通して加速する流体内に泡を発生することと、泡を内破させ多数のより小さな泡を形成させることと、を含む請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスが、鉱石から金と他の鉱物を分離するプロセスの一部を形成し、
低減されたシアン化合物消費および/または改善された金属浸出のために鉱石を十分に酸化させるように、および/または、鉱石からの金粒子の浮選を容易化するように、粉砕鉱石、水およびシアン化カルシウムあるいはシアン化ナトリウムのスラリ内に、酸素または空気が拡散される、請求項12または請求項13に記載の流体処理装置。
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US10441926B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
EP3058111A4 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
AP2016009203A0 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
ZA201603206B (en) | 2017-07-26 |
EP3058111A1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
PE20160733A1 (es) | 2016-07-28 |
AU2014335759A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
RU2016118794A (ru) | 2017-11-21 |
JP6739342B2 (ja) | 2020-08-12 |
MX2016004900A (es) | 2016-11-18 |
WO2015056159A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
CN105637104B (zh) | 2018-10-02 |
RU2686965C2 (ru) | 2019-05-06 |
US11285447B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 |
US20160271573A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
CN105637104A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
RU2016118794A3 (ja) | 2018-07-16 |
EP3058111B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
BR112016008434B1 (pt) | 2020-12-08 |
US20190388850A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
CL2016000858A1 (es) | 2017-03-03 |
CA2927322A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
AU2014335759B2 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
CA2927322C (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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