JP2016531263A - 熱回収及び改良方法及び当該方法における使用のためのコンプレッサ - Google Patents
熱回収及び改良方法及び当該方法における使用のためのコンプレッサ Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/005—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant by means of a heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/04—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled condensation heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/04—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid being in different phases, e.g. foamed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
- F01K25/065—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/106—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
Abstract
Description
a.作業流体ストリーム内に液相を含む作業流体を提供するステップ、
b.液相にある(液相の)作業流体を部分的に気化させて液相及び気相にある(液相及び気相の)二相作業流体ストリームを得るよう作業流体ストリームに熱を移転するステップ、
c.作業流体の温度及び圧力を増大させ且つ液相にある(液相の)作業流体を気化させるために二相作業流体ストリームを圧縮するステップ、及び
d.作業流体の凝縮を用いて作業流体ストリームからの熱を移転するステップ、
のサイクルを含む、熱回収及び改良方法によって達成される。
本方法は圧縮後に作業媒体の温度上昇をもたらし、それは液相の作業流体を気化させる。気化は温度上昇を制限するが、圧力増大を引き起こす。作業流体は圧縮されて、所望の温度で作業流体の凝縮型(condensation regime)をもたらし、そのためには十分な高い圧力が必要とされる。気相作業流体の圧縮は、気相のいわゆる過熱(superheating)をもたらすに過ぎず、それはプロセスの効率を大幅に低下させる。発明的な方法は、気相作業流体の凝縮型において高温に達するのを可能にするので、高温にある熱を回収して高温に改良し、引き続き他の又は同じプロセスにおける再利用のために作業流体から移転し得る。
Claims (22)
- 引き続き起こるステップ、即ち、
a.作業流体ストリーム内に液相を含む作業流体を提供するステップ、
b.液相にある作業流体を部分的に気化させて液相及び気相にある二相作業流体ストリームを得るよう作業流体ストリームに熱を移転するステップ、
c.前記作業流体の温度及び圧力を増大させ且つ液相にある作業流体を気化させるために前記二相作業流体ストリームを圧縮するステップ、及び
d.作業流体の凝縮を用いて前記作業流体ストリームからの熱を移転するステップ
のサイクルを含む、
熱回収及び改良方法。 - 前記ステップa.は、液相にある主に単相の作業流体ストリーム内に前記作業流体を提供することを含む、請求項1に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記ステップc.は、二相作業流体ストリームが維持されるように、特に湿った気相作業流体が維持されるように、作業流体を圧縮して液相の作業流体を気化させることを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記作業流体は、第1の成分及び第2の成分を含み、同じ圧力で、前記第2の成分の沸点は、前記第1の成分の沸点よりも低い、請求項1乃至3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記作業流体の沸点は、前記第1の成分の沸点と前記第2の成分の沸点との間にあり、前記第1の成分及び第2の成分が前記作業流体内に存在する比率に依存する、請求項4に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記第1の成分及び前記第2の成分は、分離しない混合物をもたらすように選択される、請求項4又は5に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記第1の成分及び前記第2の成分は、混ぜ合わされるときにアルカリイオン化成分である、請求項4乃至6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記第1の成分は水であり、前記第2の成分はアンモニアである、請求項4乃至7のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記ステップb.において、熱が第1の媒体から集められ、前記作業流体ストリームに移転させられる、請求項1乃至8のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- ステップd.において、熱が第2の媒体に移転させられる、請求項1乃至9のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記作業流体ストリームの圧縮前及び/又は中に、前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相の少なくとも一部が、前記ステップc.において滴として提供される、請求項1乃至10のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記作業流体ストリームの圧縮前及び/又は中に、前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相の少なくとも一部が、前記二相作業流体ストリームから分離され、前記ステップc.において滴として提供される、請求項1乃至11のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記滴は、前記作業流体の圧縮のためのコンプレッサの入口で及び/又は圧縮チャンバ内に提供される、請求項11又は12に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相は、小さな滴の噴霧として提供される、請求項11乃至13のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記ステップc.の後に、
− 作業流体ストリームの膨張のステップ
を含む、
請求項1乃至14のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。 - 前記作業流体の膨張からパワーが回収される、請求項15に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 前記作業流体は、容積式エクスパンダ又はタービン内で膨張させられる、請求項15又は16に記載の熱回収及び改良方法。
- 請求項1乃至17のうちのいずれか1項に記載の熱回収及び改良方法の前記ステップc.における使用のためのコンプレッサであって、
当該コンプレッサは、前記作業流体の温度及び圧力を増大させ且つ液相にある作業流体を気化させるよう二相作業流体を加圧するために構成される、
コンプレッサ。 - 当該コンプレッサは、前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相の少なくとも一部を当該コンプレッサ内に滴として提供するために構成される分配構成を含む、請求項18に記載のコンプレッサ。
- 当該コンプレッサは、前記二相作業流体ストリームから前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相の少なくとも一部を分離するために構成される分離構成と、該分離される液相を当該コンプレッサ内に滴として提供するために構成される分配構成とを含む、請求項18又は19に記載のコンプレッサ。
- 前記分配構成は、当該コンプレッサの入口で及び/又は圧縮チャンバ内に滴を提供するために構成される、請求項19又は20に記載のコンプレッサ。
- 前記分配構成は、前記二相作業流体ストリームの前記液相を小さな滴の噴霧として提供するように構成される、請求項19乃至21のうちのいずれか1項に記載のコンプレッサ。
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BE2013/0478A BE1021700B1 (nl) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Inrichting voor energiebesparing |
BE2013/0478 | 2013-07-09 | ||
PCT/NL2014/050428 WO2015005768A1 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2014-07-01 | Heat recovery and upgrading method and compressor for using in said method |
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AU (2) | AU2014288913B2 (ja) |
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WO2017141149A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Methods and systems of cooling process plant water |
JP6363313B1 (ja) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-25 | 隆逸 小林 | 作動媒体特性差発電システム及び該発電システムを用いた作動媒体特性差発電方法 |
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